资源简介

(共79张PPT)
Unit 3　
War and peace
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
Achieving peace and development requires reducing and even eliminating violence and conflict,with an objective to foster long-lasting stability.To draw a blueprint for human prosperity,all countries in the world should participate actively.We young people should always be on standby and make full use of our collective strength and wisdom to create our own future.
实现和平与发展需要减少甚至消除暴力与冲突,其目的在于促进长期的稳定。为了绘制人类繁荣的蓝图,世界各国应当积极参与。我们年轻人应该随时待命,并充分利用我们集体的力量与智慧去创造我们自己的未来。
Part 1
Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
基础识记
1. 　　　　　 n.部队;军队
2. v.回想,回忆起
3. adv.勉强才能
4. adj.杰出的,优秀的
5. n.维持和平(的行动)
6. n.维和人员
7. n.冲突,摩擦
写作词汇
troop
recall
barely
outstanding
peacekeeping
peacekeeper
friction
1.allied　　　　　 adj.
2.code-name v.
3.tide n.
4.supreme adj.
5.commander n.
6.parachute n.
阅读词汇
(第二次世界大战)同盟国的
起代号为
潮水
最高的
指挥官,长官
降落伞
7.coastline n.
8.drown v.
9.gunfire n.
10.amongst prep.
11.tank n.
12.solemn adj.
13.weary v.
14.condemn v.
海岸线
(使)淹死
炮火
在……当中(=among)
坦克
严肃的,庄重的
(使)非常疲倦
迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
15.uniform n.
16.bomb v.
17.disarm v.
batant n.
19.weapon n.
20.ammunition n.
制服
轰炸
解除武装
战斗人员
武器,兵器
弹药
拓展词汇
1. adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violently adv.猛烈地;强烈地→violence n.暴力
2. n.(军队的)登陆→land v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3. n.惊恐→horrible adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
4. n.目的,目标 adj.客观的→object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议
violent
landing
horror
objective
5. v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放
6. adj.纪念的,追悼的→memorialise vt.纪念→memory n.记忆;回忆
7. n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的,稳定的→unstable adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→stably adv.稳固地,稳定地
8. n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的;职业的→profession n.职业,行业
liberate
memorial
stability
professionalism
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be made up of　　　　　　　
2.free...from...
3.be set for
4.have confidence in...
5.devotion to duty
6.nothing less than
由……组成
使……免受……
(日期)定在……
对……有信心
忠于职守
彻底;简直是,完全是
7.ring in one’s ears
8.at dawn
9.prepare for
10.make it
11.be seen widely as
12.meet up with
13.refer to...as...
在某人的耳边回响
在黎明
准备……;为……做准备
获得成功;达到预定目标
被广泛视为……
偶遇;碰面
把……称作……
14.civil war
15.warring parties
16.keep to one’s agreements
17.on standby
内战
交战双方
遵守协议
待命
重点句型
1.Allied troops
were gathering in large numbers.(过去分词短语作定语)
主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的同盟国军队正在大量聚集。
made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers
2.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,
.(独立主格结构)
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
the aim being to free north-west Europe from
German occupation
3. ,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.(with复合结构)
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。
4.The enemy were hiding,
.(形容词短语作状语)
敌人藏身于各个地方,甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。
With these words ringing in their ears
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before
they reached land
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——战争与和平
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义,表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读本文有利于引导学生认识到战争的残酷与和平的重要性,意识到虽然身处和平年代,仍要居安思危、不忘过往,从而培养学生对和平的热爱。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
background
order
stage
outcome
memorial ceremonies
outstanding
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What does the sentence “The tide has turned” in Paragraph 2 suggest
A.The tide has gone out.
B.The tide was in Allied troops’ favour.
C.The tide of the year 1944 was extraordinary.
D.The tide tended to be severe.
B
(　　)2.Which one can be used to replace the phrase “make it” in Paragraph 4
A.Set a time.
B.Arrive in time.
C.Successfully land on the beach.
D.Produce.
C
(　　)3.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.To introduce the D-Day landings which happened in 1944 and the 70th anniversary of it.
B.To explain the cruelty of the war.
C.To explain the injuries and deaths of the war.
D.To remind people to remember history.
A
(　　)4.What can we learn about the poem in the passage
A.It was written by a soldier who survived the D-Day landings.
B.It introduces a famous British poet to us.
C.It describes how the French beaches became a famous attraction.
D.It tells us not to forget those who lost their lives in the D-Day landings.
D
(　　)5.How does the passage mainly develop
A.By following space order.
B.By following time order.
C.By making classifications.
D.By making comparisons.
B
二次开发·深研课文
▲
On 6 June 1944,during the Second World War,1.　　　 　(free) north-west Europe from German occupation,code-named “Operation Overlord”,the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history started.Allied troops 2.　　　　 (make) up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.With the commander’s order 3.　　 　　 (ring) in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known 4.　　　　 D-Day.
to free
made
ringing
as
The 5.　　 　　 (fierce) fighting was at Omaha Beach.Although hundreds 6.　　　　 (lie) dead in the water,a few soldiers 7.　　　 　 (bare) made it with bombs falling all around.Despite the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were 8.　　　　 success.Paris was liberated and the Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,9.　　　　 they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
fiercest
lay
barely
a
where
Nowadays,10.　 　　　 (survive) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.
survivors
重点词汇
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
·command n.[C]命令;(计算机的)指令;[U]指挥;控制;(尤指对语言的)掌握,运用能力 v.指挥;命令;博得;赢得
·commanding adj.指挥的;威严的
[教材原句] An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read...
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道……
[例] The commander of the school’s debate team organised a successful competition.
学校辩论队的负责人组织了一场成功的比赛。
[例] (应用文写作之自荐信)I have a good command of English so I believe I can communicate with foreigners efficiently in English.
我的英语很好,所以我相信我可以用英语和外国人有效地交流。
归纳拓展
·command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that sb (should) do...命令某人做……
·at sb’s command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配
in command 负责;领导
in command of 指挥;控制;掌握
have a good command/knowledge of=master
掌握/精通……(尤指语言)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(话题写作之梦想追求)I want to become a flight 　 　　　(command) in the future.
The manager commanded his employees 　　　 　(finish) the project by the end of the week.
(应用文写作之建议信)We are supposed to learn Chinese well because
　　　　　　　　　 　　　(精通……) Chinese means knowing more about our culture.
commander
to finish
having a good command/knowledge of/mastering
(话题写作之学校生活)　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　(老师的声音如此威严) that we couldn’t help but focus on the lesson.
The teacher’s voice was so commanding
语
境
串
词
He was a natural commander who knew how to command people effectively and let people obey his commands.
他是一位天生的指挥官,他知道如何有效地指挥人们,让人们服从他的命令。
2.objective n.目的,目标 adj.客观的
·object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.不同意;不赞成;反对
·objection n.反对;异议
[教材原句] Their objective was clear:to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.
他们的目标十分明确:到达法国海岸线往前约80千米的诺曼底海滩。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short- and long-term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.
另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标,牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。
[例] (2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists,he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.
虽然他认为客观现实是存在的,但他说,我们的大脑在构建和塑造我们的看法方面发挥着必要的作用。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)I don’t object to occasional relaxation and entertainment,but I think we should keep it in moderation.
我并不反对偶尔的放松和娱乐,但我认为我们应该把握好度。
归纳拓展
·with the objective/purpose/aim of...目的是……
·object to...反对……
object to (sb) doing sth 反对(某人)做某事
·raise/make/have an objection to (doing) sth
对(做)某事表示反对
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
He had a strong 　　　 　(object) to pretending to understand.
One shouldn’t always blame his failure on 　 　　　(object) conditions.
(应用文写作之倡议信)We organised this study group
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(目的是帮助大家提高英语成绩).
objection
objective
purpose/aim of helping everyone improve the English grades
with the objective/
语
境
串
词
In the pursuit of learning,it’s crucial to maintain an objective stance,evaluating each concept based on its merit rather than personal preference.The objective of our study should be to acquire knowledge comprehensively.
在追求学习的过程中,保持客观的立场至关重要,我们应该基于每个概念的优点而非个人喜好来评价它们。我们学习的目标应当是全面获取知识。
3.prepare for为……做准备
·prepare v.准备;筹备
·preparation n.准备
·prepared adj.准备好的;愿意
[教材原句] But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面对即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
[例] Before the exam, I spent a lot of time reviewing and preparing for it.
考试前,我花了大量时间复习,为考试做准备。
[例] I’m nervously preparing for tomorrow’s English speech,making sure I’m well-prepared.
为了明天的英语演讲,我正在紧张地准备中,确保自己准备充分。
[例] The school is about to hold a sports meeting,and everyone is actively engaged in preparations.
学校即将举行运动会,大家都在积极地进行各项准备工作。
归纳拓展
·prepare to do sth准备做某事
prepare sb for sth 使某人对某事做好准备
·in preparation for 为……做准备
make preparations for 为……做准备工作
·be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事
be prepared for 为……做准备
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
We need to be well prepared 　　　　 the upcoming final exam.
To enter my dream university,I am prepared 　　 　　(accept) any academic challenge.
We are searching for materials in the library in 　　 　　(prepare) for writing our papers.
for
to accept
preparation
通过参加辩论俱乐部活动,我逐渐开始对公开演讲做准备,变得更加自信。
By participating in the activities at the debate club,I
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and became more confident.
gradually prepared
myself for public speaking
4.refer to...as...把……称作……
[教材原句] Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians,often referred to as “terror bombing”.
在第二次世界大战给人类带来的众多恐怖事件中,对平民的大规模轰炸,通常被称为“恐怖轰炸”。
[例] (2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).
我的书桌上放着两本常用的参考书:一本是字典,另一本是同义词词典。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信/推荐信)Walking is widely referred to as an effective way to keep healthy.
散步被广泛认为是一种保持健康的有效方法。
[例] (应用文写作之节日介绍)Spring Festival is referred to as an occasion when families get together in China.
在中国,春节被认为是家人团聚的日子。
归纳拓展
·refer v.提到,谈及;涉及;查阅,参考
refer to 提到,谈及;参考,查阅;指的是
refer...to...将……送交给……
be referred to as 被称作
·reference n.提到;参考,查阅
in reference to 关于
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
Penny paper is a term that refers to papers made widely available to the public.　　　　　　　
When writing the report,she had to refer to several academic journals.
　　　　　　　
Yesterday’s report referred to the successful satellite launch.　　　　 　
He plays basketball well and
　　　　　(在班里被称为篮球专家).
指的是
查阅
提及,谈到
is referred to as a basketball expert in his
class
重点句式
独立主格结构
▲
[教材原句] Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
[例] The test finished,we began our holiday.(名词+过去分词,表时间)
考试结束,我们的假期开始了。
[例] Lots of work to do,I have to work extra hours.(名词+不定式,表原因)
由于有很多工作要做,我不得不加班。
[例] Weather permitting,we’ll go sightseeing.(名词+现在分词,表条件)
如果天气允许的话,我们将去观光游览。
[例] The hostess came in,her face serious.(名词+形容词,表伴随)
女主人进来了,一脸严肃。
[例] The storm over,everything was in peace again.(名词+副词,表时间)
暴风雨过去了,一切又恢复了平静。
[例] He rushed into the classroom,a book in his hand.(名词+介词短语,表伴随)
他冲进教室,手里拿着一本书。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构:
·构成:逻辑主语(名词/代词)+分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。
·句法功能:往往作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
·独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。
[语境运用] 完成句子
(应用文写作之告知信)We have three large multi-media classrooms,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(每个教室都配备了最新的电脑).
(读后续写之情感描写)　　　　　　　　　 　　　 (由于有大量文件要准备),the commander was anxious as if being on pins and needles.
(读后续写之神态描写)The new teacher came into the classroom,
　　　　 　　　　　(面带微笑).
each equipped with the newest computers
Lots of documents to prepare
a smile on his/her face
　　　　　　　　　(会议结束了),the teachers went out one by one.
　　　　　　 　　　(由于他的腿严重受伤),he had to stay in bed.
The meeting over
His leg badly hurt
长难句分析
[教材原句] Although each year they are fewerin number,their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
尝试分析:本句为复合句,主句为their outstanding acts of courage mean, 为让步状语从句; 为宾语从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语; 为who引导的定语从句,修饰those。
自主翻译:虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
[语境运用] 情境写作
虽然他没有获得一等奖,但是他的勇气和决心表明他会继续努力,以实现他小时候为自己定下的目标。
Although he didn’t win first prize,his courage and determination showed that he would go on trying to achieve the goal that he had set for himself as a little boy.
语法原句再现
Your enemy is well trained,well equipped and battle-hardened...
The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
Seventy years later,men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
请注意上述句中的黑体部分,判断是哪种语法现象。
语法知识点拨
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。本单元侧重讲解集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。集体名词作主语时可大致归为以下三种情况。
1.有些名词,如people、cattle、police、trousers等没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。
His trousers were slightly short.
他的裤子有点儿短。
How many people were at the meeting
有多少人参加了会议
2.有些集体名词,如public、family、enemy、audience、government、group、committee、team、media、band、staff、crew等,作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。该名词表示一个整体时,其谓语动词用单数形式;表示集体中的若干个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.
充满热情的球队更有可能获胜。
My family are going with me.
我的家人将和我一起走。
3.有的集体名词,如clothing、poetry、luggage、furniture、machinery、scenery、jewellery、equipment等,通常只用作不可数名词,表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All their clothing is bright and attractive.
他们所有的衣服都颜色鲜艳,引人注目。
Most of their equipment has been shipped ahead of schedule.
他们的大部分设备已经提前运走了。
①英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时,应根据其表达的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,这类名词常见的有sheep、deer、fish、means、species、aircraft、crossroads、headquarters、series等。
Every possible means has been used to improve my English.
为了提高我的英语,每一种可能的方法我都用过了。
温馨提示
②学科名词如maths、politics、physics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;表示书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名、地名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To my delight,physics is her favourite subject.
令我高兴的是,物理学是她最喜欢的科目。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
Our family 　　　 　(be) in this city for about sixteen years and my family 　　　　(be) all fond of music.
The medical team,which 　　 　　(consist) of five doctors and ten nurses,is to be sent to the flood-stricken area.
After listening to his speech,the audience 　　 　　(inspire) by his story.
has been
are
consists
was/were inspired
Shortly after the accident,the police 　　　　(be) sent to keep order.
Our clothing 　　 　　(protect) us against the cold.
A sheep 　　 　　(be) eating grass when I passed by it.
were
protects
was
真题体验
1.(2024· 浙江1月卷)That’s the local stage writing team that 　　　 (create) many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals,along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,
team表示一个整体,根据上文可知,应用一般现在时。故填creates。
creates
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds
　　　　 further 　　 　　(divide) into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处为一般过去时;crowds和divide之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语crowds为复数含义。故填were、divided。
were
divided
3.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years,people 　　　 　 (tell) fables (寓言) to teach a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,本句描述的是已经发生的事情,根据时间状语For thousands of years可知,应用现在完成
时,且主语为people,表达复数概念。故填have told。
have told
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The rescue team 　　　　(be) considering what they can do for the people suffering from the snow storm.
2.The audience 　　　 　(be) so large that the spacious hall was filled to capacity.
3.The public　　 　 　 (be) the good judge because the public always
　　 　　(express) their various thoughts.
are
was
is
express
4.All the clothing 　　 　　(donate) by people around our country.
5.At first my family 　　　(be) worried about my going on a diet,but now they think I can choose to do this as long as it doesn’t harm my health.
6.The whole class 　　　 　(be) told to stay behind after school yesterday afternoon.
7.On the whole,the public 　 　　　(be) for the reform in education.
is donated
were
was/were
are/is
8.The police 　　　　(be) looking into the case now.
9.A number of people rushed into the supermarket when the goods
　　　　(be) sold at a discount.
are
were
Ⅱ.语篇填空
　　My neighbour’s new house is so beautiful and all the rooms
1.　　 　 　(decorate) in an elegant style.It took him nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.All the furniture
2.　　　 　(select) carefully by his parents.The walls
3.　　　 　(paint) light blue,a colour that can make people relaxed,
because his family 4.　　　　(be) fond of the colour.His brother’s clothing 5.　　　　(be) very up to date,and as a matter of fact,he is a singer and his audience 6.　　　　(be) mainly young people.
are decorated
was selected
were painted
are
is
are
Last year,his brother 7.　 　　　(invite) to sing a song at our class’s New Year Party,and all our class 8.　　 　　(impress) by his performance.
was invited
were impressed

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