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仁爱科普版·七年级英语下册期中复习
——考点3：how much 与 how many 的用法区别
本考点源自Unit 7 Being a Smart Shopper。how much 和 how many 都用来询问数量，但使用对象不同。掌握它们的区别是正确进行购物对话和语法填空的关键。
一、基本区别
how much?询问不可数名词的数量或价格。
how many?询问可数名词复数的数量。
How much water do you need? (需要多少水？)
How much is the book? (这本书多少钱？)
How many apples do you want? (你想要多少个苹果？)
二、可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词：可以用数字数出来的名词，有单复数形式。
例：apple, book, student, car, shoe, egg, banana, orange
不可数名词：无法用数字直接数出来的名词，没有复数形式。
例：water, milk, tea, coffee, juice, rice, bread, meat, fish, chicken, money, paper
注意：有些名词既可数又不可数，但意思不同。
例：chicken (鸡肉/小鸡)，fish (鱼肉/鱼)
三、句型结构
how many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句？
How many students are there in your class?
How many books do you have?
how much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句？
How much milk is there in the fridge?
How much money do you need?
how much 询问价格（此时后面不加名词）
How much is this T-shirt? (这件T恤多少钱？)
How much are these shoes? (这双鞋多少钱？)
四、经典例题解析
例1：?— ______ water do you want? — Two bottles.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
解析：?water 是不可数名词，用 how much。答案：B
例2：?— ______ are these apples? — 10 yuan a kilo.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
解析：?询问价格，用 how much。答案：B
例3：?— ______ students are there in your class? — 45.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How far
解析：?students 是可数名词复数，用 how many。答案：A
五、分层精练（共35题）
A组 · 用 how much 或 how many 填空（每题1分，共12分）
1. ______ milk do you need for the cake?
2. ______ oranges are there on the table?
3. ______ is this pair of shoes?
4. ______ water should we drink every day?
5. ______ books did you borrow from the library?
6. ______ rice do you want to buy?
7. ______ people are there in the room?
8. ______ money do you have in your pocket?
9. ______ sugar is in the coffee?
10. ______ eggs do we need for the omelet?
11. ______ is the sweater? It's 50 yuan.
12. ______ apples did you eat this morning?
B组 · 单项选择（每题2分，共16分）
1. — ______ is the T-shirt? — 30 yuan.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How long
2. — ______ apples do you want? — Two kilos.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
3. — ______ water is in the bottle? — About 500ml.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
4. — ______ students are there in your school? — About 1,000.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How far
5. — ______ is this book? — 20 yuan.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
6. — ______ milk do we have? — Only a little.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
7. — ______ bananas are on the plate? — Three.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
8. — ______ bread do you want? — Two pieces.
A. How many?B. How much?C. How old?D. How often
C组 · 对划线部分提问（每题2分，共10分）
1. I need two kilos of apples.
______ ______ apples do you need?
2. The T-shirt is 30 yuan.
______ ______ is the T-shirt?
3. There is some milk in the fridge.
______ ______ milk is there in the fridge?
4. There are 50 students in our class.
______ ______ students are there in your class?
5. The book costs 20 dollars.
______ ______ does the book cost?
D组 · 用所给词的适当形式填空（每题2分，共10分）
1. How many ______ (book) are there on the desk?
2. How much ______ (water) do you drink every day?
3. How many ______ (child) are playing in the park?
4. How much ______ (be) these apples?
5. How many ______ (box) of milk do you want?
E组 · 改错（每句只有一处错误，找出并改正，每题2分，共10分）
1. How much apples do you want?
2. How many water is in the bottle?
3. How much are the book?
4. How many milks do you need?
5. How much students are there in your class?
F组 · 根据汉语提示完成句子（每题2分，共10分）
1. 你需要多少牛奶？
______ ______ milk do you need?
2. 这件外套多少钱？
______ ______ is this coat?
3. 你班上有多少学生？
______ ______ students are there in your class?
4. 冰箱里有多少鸡蛋？
______ ______ eggs are there in the fridge?
5. 你每天喝多少水？
______ ______ water do you drink every day?
G组 · 阅读短文，选择正确答案（每题2分，共8分）
Today is Sunday. Li Ming goes to the supermarket with his mother. He wants to buy some apples and oranges. His mother wants to buy some milk and bread.
At the supermarket, Li Ming asks the salesgirl, "How much are the apples?" The salesgirl says, "5 yuan a kilo." Li Ming says, "I want two kilos." Then he asks, "How many oranges do you have?" The salesgirl says, "We have a lot. How many do you want?" Li Ming says, "Three, please." His mother buys two boxes of milk and a bag of bread.
1. Where does Li Ming go with his mother?
A. To the library?B. To the supermarket?C. To the park?D. To the school
2. How much are the apples?
A. 3 yuan a kilo?B. 5 yuan a kilo?C. 10 yuan a kilo?D. 2 yuan a kilo
3. How many apples does Li Ming buy?
A. One kilo?B. Two kilos?C. Three kilos?D. Four kilos
4. What does Li Ming's mother buy?
A. Apples and oranges?B. Milk and bread?C. Milk and apples?D. Bread and oranges
参考答案
A组：
1. How much?2. How many?3. How much?4. How much?5. How many?6. How much?7. How many?8. How much?9. How much?10. How many?11. How much?12. How many
B组：
1. B?2. A?3. B?4. A?5. B?6. B?7. A?8. B
C组：
1. How many?2. How much?3. How much?4. How many?5. How much
D组：
1. books?2. water?3. children?4. are?5. boxes
E组：
1. much → many?2. many → much?3. are → is?4. milks → milk?5. much → many
F组：
1. How much?2. How much?3. How many?4. How many?5. How much
G组：
1. B?2. B?3. B?4. B
课内链接 · 回归教材
仁爱科普版七下 Unit 7 Section A 中的购物对话多次出现 how much 和 how many 的用法。请课后复习教材P55-56的内容，并注意区分可数名词与不可数名词。建议整理一个常见可数/不可数名词分类表。

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