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仁爱科普版·七年级英语下册期中复习
——考点14：表示“花费”的句式（spend / pay / cost / take）
本考点综合Unit 7-9的相关内容。英语中表示“花费”有四个常用动词：spend, pay, cost, take。它们的主语、宾语和句型各不相同，是期中考试单选、填空和翻译题的高频考点。
一个小故事：
小明和妈妈去超市购物。妈妈买了一件新衣服，花费了200元。小明想说：“The coat ______ my mother 200 yuan.” 他想了想，用cost：The coat?cost?my mother 200 yuan. 妈妈付钱时说：“I?paid?200 yuan for it.” 回到家，小明写作业花了一个小时：“It?takes?me an hour to do my homework.” 他每天花30分钟读英语：“I?spend?30 minutes reading English every day.”
你会正确使用这四个“花费”吗？今天我们来彻底分清它们！
一、四个“花费”动词对比表
动词
主语
句型结构
例句
spend
人
sb. spends + 时间/钱 + on sth.
sb. spends + 时间/钱 + (in) doing sth.
I spend two hours on my homework.
She spends 100 yuan buying a dress.
pay
人
sb. pays + 钱 + for sth.
He paid 50 yuan for the book.
cost
物
sth. costs sb. + 钱
The book costs me 50 yuan.
take
it (形式主语)
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.
It takes me an hour to do my homework.
二、各动词详细用法
1. spend (花费时间/金钱)?— 主语是人
I spend two hours on my homework every day. (我每天花两小时做作业)
She spends 100 yuan (in) buying a dress. (她花100元买了一条裙子)
2. pay (付款)?— 主语是人，常与for连用
I paid 50 yuan for the dictionary. (我花了50元买这本词典)
He will pay for the meal. (他来付饭钱)
3. cost (花费金钱)?— 主语是物
The new computer cost me 5,000 yuan. (这台新电脑花了我5000元)
How much does the ticket cost? (这张票多少钱？)
4. take (花费时间)?— 主语是it，真正主语是后面的不定式
It takes me an hour to get to school. (我到学校要花一小时)
It will take them two days to finish the work.
三、易错点与速记口诀
易错1：?混淆主语。
? I cost 100 yuan on the book. → ? I spent 100 yuan on the book. / The book cost me 100 yuan.
易错2：?spend/pay的介词搭配错误。
? She paid 50 yuan the dress. → ? She paid 50 yuan for the dress.
易错3：?It takes sb. ... to do sth. 结构中漏掉to。
? It takes me an hour do my homework. → ? It takes me an hour to do my homework.
速记口诀：
时间金钱用spend，人作主语后跟on/in。
物作主语cost替，钱作宾语要注意。
pay for 付钱买，人主语钱目的。
it takes sb. 时间 to do，时间花费牢记心。
四、经典例题解析
例1：?It ______ me half an hour to walk to school every day.
A. takes?B. spends?C. pays?D. costs
??解析：?“花费时间”且主语是it，用take。答案：A
例2：?She ______ 200 yuan on this pair of shoes yesterday.
A. cost?B. took?C. spent?D. paid
??解析：?人作主语，花钱在某物上用spend...on。答案：C
例3：?The new phone ______ me 3,000 yuan.
A. spent?B. cost?C. paid?D. took
??解析：?物作主语，用cost。答案：B
五、分层练习
L1?基础填空 · 用 spend / pay / cost / take 的适当形式填空（每题2分，共10分）
1. It ______ me two hours to finish my homework last night.
2. I ______ 30 minutes reading English every morning.
3. She ______ 100 dollars for the new bag yesterday.
4. This computer ______ me 6,000 yuan.
5. How long does it ______ to get to the airport by taxi?
L2?单项选择 · 选择最佳答案（每题2分，共12分）
1. It ______ me three hours to finish the work.
A. spent?B. cost?C. took?D. paid
2. I ______ 200 yuan on this new coat.
A. cost?B. took?C. spent?D. paid
3. How much did you ______ for the meal?
A. take?B. spend?C. cost?D. pay
4. The book ______ me 30 yuan. It's very cheap.
A. spent?B. cost?C. took?D. paid
5. She ______ an hour doing her homework every day.
A. takes?B. costs?C. spends?D. pays
6. They ______ 500 dollars for the air tickets last week.
A. cost?B. spent?C. took?D. paid
L3?句型转换 · 改为同义句（每题2分，共10分）
1. I spent 50 yuan on this dictionary.
I ______ 50 yuan ______ this dictionary.
2. The book cost me 30 yuan.
I ______ 30 yuan ______ the book.
3. It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school.
I ______ 15 minutes ______ to school.
4. She paid 200 yuan for the skirt.
The skirt ______ her 200 yuan.
5. He spent two hours playing computer games.
It ______ him two hours ______ ______ computer games.
L4?改错题 · 找出错误并改正（每题2分，共10分）
1. I cost 100 yuan on the book.
2. She paid 50 yuan the dress.
3. It takes me an hour do my homework.
4. He spent two hours on play computer games.
5. How much did you spend for the car?
L5?完成句子 · 根据汉语提示填空（每题2分，共10分）
1. 做作业花了我一个小时。
It ______ me an hour ______ ______ my homework.
2. 她花了很多钱买衣服。
She ______ a lot of money ______ clothes.
3. 这台电视花了我5000元。
The TV ______ me 5,000 yuan.
4. 你为这本书付了多少钱？
How much did you ______ ______ this book?
5. 他们每天花两小时练习英语。
They ______ two hours ______ English every day.
L6?语篇填空 · 用 spend / pay / cost / take 的适当形式填空（每空1分，共8分）
Last Sunday, I went shopping with my mother. We wanted to buy a new coat for me. It ______ (1) us half an hour to get to the shopping mall by bus. In the mall, we saw many beautiful coats. One red coat ______ (2) 300 yuan. My mother thought it was too expensive. Then we found a blue one. It ______ (3) only 180 yuan. My mother ______ (4) 180 yuan for it. I ______ (5) about 20 minutes trying it on. Finally, we took it home. On the way home, we saw a charity shop. My mother ______ (6) 50 yuan on a toy for my little brother. It ______ (7) her only 50 yuan. It ______ (8) us about an hour to get home. We were tired but happy.
L7?情景表达 · 根据情景写出英文句子（每题2分，共10分）
1. 你想告诉朋友你每天花30分钟骑自行车上学。用spend怎么说？
________________________________________________
2. 你想问这本书多少钱（用cost提问）。你会怎么问？
________________________________________________
3. 你告诉售货员你要付100元买这件T恤。用pay怎么说？
________________________________________________
4. 你想告诉别人从你家到学校步行需要20分钟。用take怎么说？
________________________________________________
5. 你想表达这台电脑花了你5000元。用cost怎么说？
________________________________________________
L8?综合选择 · 从括号中选择正确的词填空（每题2分，共10分）
1. How much did you ______ (spend / pay) for the new bike?
2. The ticket ______ (cost / spent) me 20 yuan.
3. It ______ (takes / spends) me 15 minutes to get to school.
4. She ______ (paid / cost) 200 yuan for the skirt.
5. I ______ (spent / took) two hours on my homework last night.
参考答案（教师用卷）
L1 基础填空：
1. took?2. spend?3. paid?4. cost?5. take
L2 单项选择：
1. C?2. C?3. D?4. B?5. C?6. D
L3 句型转换：
1. paid; for?2. spent; on?3. spend; walking?4. cost?5. took; to play
L4 改错题：
1. cost → spent?2. paid 后加 for?3. do → to do?4. play → playing?5. for → on
L5 完成句子：
1. took; to do?2. spends; on?3. cost?4. pay for?5. spend; practicing
L6 语篇填空：
1. took?2. cost?3. cost?4. paid?5. spent?6. spent?7. cost?8. took
L7 情景表达：
1. I spend 30 minutes riding a bike to school every day.
2. How much does this book cost?
3. I will pay 100 yuan for this T-shirt.
4. It takes me 20 minutes to walk from my home to school.
5. The computer cost me 5,000 yuan.
L8 综合选择：
1. pay?2. cost?3. takes?4. paid?5. spent

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