资源简介

(共28张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项二 代词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1.人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
类别 第一人称单数 第二人称单数 第三人称单数 第一人 称复数 第二人 称复数 第三人称复数
人称 代词 主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us you them
物主 代词 形容词性 物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物 主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
2.人称代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
主格 作主语，用在动词/系 动词/情态动词之前 They all like sports.他们都喜欢运动。
宾格 作宾语，用在动词/介 词之后 ①My mother will take me to the park.我妈妈将带
我去公园。②Let’s go and look for him.让我们去
寻找他。
作表语，用在系动词 之后 The boy in the picture is me.照片里的男孩是我。
3.物主代词的用法
类别 用法 示例
形容词 性物主 代词 作定语，用在名 词之前 This is my pet cat.这是我的宠物猫。
固定搭配中 （特例） try/do one’s best尽某人最大努力
类别 用法 示例
名词性 物主代 词 作主语，用在动 词/系动词之前 That’s her eraser. Mine is on the desk.那是她的橡
皮。我的（橡皮）在桌子上。
作宾语，用在动 词/介词之后 I left my dictionary at home. Can you lend yours
to me 我把词典忘在了家里。你能借给我你的
（词典）吗？
作表语，用在系 动词之后 This pencil is his.这个铅笔是他的。
续表
4.反身代词的用法
用法 例句
作宾语，用在动词/介 词之后 ①The little girl can’t dress herself.这个小女孩不会自己穿
衣服。
②Charles said to himself,“I must work hard.”查尔斯对自
己说:“我必须努力工作。”
作表语，用在系动词 之后 The man in the story was myself.故事里的男人就是我自
己。
作同位语，用在名词/ 代词之后或句末 The boy/He himself finished the task.=The boy/He finished
the task himself.这个男孩/他自己完成了任务。
二、指示代词
用法 例句
it 特指上下文提到的对象 是同一事物 （同类同物） The book is mine. It’s very interesting.这本
书是我的。它非常有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类 事物中的一个，同类而 不同物（同类异物） The pet pig is very popular these days. My
daughter wants to keep one.宠物猪这些日子
很受欢迎。我女儿想要饲养一只。
用法 例句
that （复数形 式those） 常用于比较结构中，代 替前面提到的名词，以 避免重复；也可指代在 空间或时间上离自己较 远的人或物 The weather in Beijing is colder than that
in Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的天气更寒
冷。
this （复数形 式these） 常用来指代在空间或时 间上离自己较近的人或 物 This is my friend.这是我的朋友。
【注意】打电话时用this做自我介绍，用that询问对方是谁。如：This is Mary
speaking. Who’s that？我是玛丽。你是谁？
续表
【拓展】it的用法
1.在固定句型中作形式主语
结构 例句
It’s+adj.（+for sb.）+to do sth.做 某事（对某人来说）是……的 It’s very important for us to eat breakfast
every day.对我们来说，每天吃早饭很重要。
It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.某人做 某事真是太…… It’s very kind of you to help me out of the
trouble.你能帮我解决这个麻烦真是太好了。
It’s+adj.+that 从句 ……是……的 It’s impossible that we finish the work within
two days.我们在两天内完成这项工作是不可
能的。
结构 例句
It seems that...好像…… It seems that the boy is very interested in
Chinese paintings.这个男孩好像对中国画很感
兴趣。
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人 做某事了 It’s your turn to clean the classroom.轮到你
打扫教室了。
It’s time （for sb.） to do sth.是 （某人）做某事的时候了 It’s time to get up.该起床了。
It’s said/believed/reported that...据 说/人们认为/据报道…… It’s said that he has joined the army.据说他
已经参军了。
续表
结构 例句
It takes/took（+sb.）+一段时间+to do sth.（某人）花费（了）多少时 间做某事 It took him three hours to get to the train
station.到火车站花了他三个小时。
It is/has been+时间段+since+从句 （一般过去时）.自从……以来， 已经有……时间了 It has been six years since I bought the
book.这本书我买了六年了。
续表
2.在固定句型中作形式宾语
常用在find，think，make，consider，feel,believe等动词后。常见句型：
sb.+find（s）/think（s） it+adj.+to do sth.某人发现/认为做某事是……的。如：I
find it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。
三、不定代词（代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词。）
1.普通不定代词的用法
some 与any some和any均可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示“一些”，即不确定的数
量、数目。
some:①一般用于肯定句中，意思是“几个；一些；某个”如：I have some
work to do today.我今天有一些工作要做。
②用于疑问句时，表示建议或请求，希望得到对方肯定的回答。如：
Would you like some coffee with sugar？你想要一些加糖的咖啡吗？
any:①一般用于疑问句或否定句中，意思是“任何一些；任何一个”。
如:They didn’t have any friends here.他们在这里没有朋友。
②用于肯定句时，意思是“任何（一个/一些）”。如:Come to the party
with any friend.和任何朋友一起来参加聚会。
every 与 each every和可数名词单数连用，指三个或三个以上中的每一个，强调整体。
如:Every story is very interesting.每一个故事都很有趣。
each用来指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个，强调个体。如:There are
trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。
much 与 many 表示“很多，许多”，可在句中作主语、宾语和定语。
much指代或修饰不可数名词。如:He spent much money on books.他在书
上花了很多钱。
many指代或修饰可数名词复数。如:Many visitors come here every
year.每年都有很多游客来这里。
续表
2.复合不定代词的用法
由some，any，every，no与one，body，thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词，
如something，everybody，anyone，nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可
相互换用。
用法 例句
复合不定代词一般用作单 数，在句中作主语、宾语或 表语 ①Nobody is absent.没有人缺席。（主语）
②Do you need anything 你需要点什么吗
（宾语）
③Grammar is not everything.语法不是全部。
（表语）
复合不定代词被定语修饰 时，定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio.收音机没有
什么问题。
用法 例句
由some构成的复合不定代词 用法与some类似；由any构 成的复合不定代词用法与 any类似。当any构成的复合 不定代词用于肯定句时，常 表示“无论什么东西，随便 什么东西/事情” ①There’ s always somebody at home in the
evenings.晚上总有人在家。
②Is there anything interesting in the newspaper
报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗？
续表
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2025河北)The little messages remin_____(we)that we can always expect good things to come, even during difficult times.
us
2.(2025天津改编) _____(I) sister is in the school tennis team. I'm proud of _____ (she).
3.(2025河南)Wu Daozi was well-known for ____ (he)own way of painting with excellent skills.
My
his
her
4.(2025乐山改编)Their school is very similar to ____ (we), but our school is bigger.
5.(2025保定一模)It's Friday again! Mary can't wait to talk about_____(she) school field trip.
ours
her
6.(2025长沙)China has____ (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”.
its
7.My parents are showing a friend of _______ (they) around our community.
theirs
8.—Where did you get the toy car
—From Betty. She made it _______ （she）.
herself
9.The Smiths are kind, and they are always ready to help others in _____（we）
community.
10.When I have many things to do, I always finish them according to ______
（they）importance.
11.A kind of newly invented robot can sweep the floor by______ （it）.
12.(2025金昌)Jim's teachers encourage____(he)to try new things.
13.(2025成都改编)Many tourists come to dress __________(they)in traditional clothes.
our
their
itself
him
themselves
Ⅱ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
none each neither few all both
nothing nobody something
14.(2025福建)My parents love our hometown so much that ______ of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
both
15.(2025武汉改编)—Sally, we should include ____ of our members in the group activity.
—Yes,nobody should be left out.
16.(2025遂宁改编) —At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her.
—She is so lovely that______ could say no to her.
17.Students know_____ methods about how to deal with fake news. So our
teachers give us some advice about it.
all
nobody
few
18.I wanted to buy a train ticket from Zhengzhou to Qinhuangdao, but there was
______ left.
19.(2025 黑龙江) —The math problem was difficult. Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet
—________ of my two roommates likes to do sports, so I do it alone most of the time.
20.The students are well-prepared, and ______ of them hopes to have a wonderful holiday.
21.My sister is so brave that she often wants to do___________ new, and she
never worries about making mistakes.
none
Neither
each
something
22.(2025成都)Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her, ________ is more important than a proper plan.
nothing
Ⅲ.用方框中所给词的适当形式完成短文。
few he it someone who Tom
all this something they
Tom Green is a lovely boy. He and 23.____family lived near the supermarket.
One day, he rode his bike to the supermarket. But his bicycle was stolen by
24._________.The police tried to find out 25._____stole the bicycle. However,
after a 26._____ days, their hard work ended up with failure.27.___was bad and
unlucky for the boy to lose his bike right before his birthday. His parents wanted
to do something.
his
someone
who
few
It
On Saturday, his parents got up early and gave Tom a surprise.28.______
made a birthday cake. When Tom thought his birthday surprise was
over,29.___________ even better happened. He cried with tears of joy when
Grandpa showed him a new bicycle.“Thank you all. I have never expected
30._____,” Tom said.
They
something
this
31._______ mother took photos of her son and then posted them on
WeChat.“My son was still trying to smile while crying,” she wrote.“We are
32.____ glad. No words can describe our happiness.”
Tom’s
all
Ⅳ.完形填空。
I still remember that day. I was waiting to get . .33. . money for shopping in
a bank. There were many people here, and I found a little boy carrying some
magazines in one hand and a big bag in the other hand.
The boy was about 10 years old. He walked around the people in the bank
and asked . .34. . to buy his magazines. But . .35. . seemed that nobody wanted to
buy any from him. He tried from one man to another. From the look on . .36. .
face, I knew he would not give up .
Thinking for a minute, I decided to have a talk with . .37. ..I went up and
asked, “Do you go to school ” He nodded his head .Then I kept asking, “Why
do you sell magazines ” He said . .38. ..I gave him $20 and said that I didn’t need
to buy any magazines but he could keep the money. To . .39. . surprise, his face
changed a lot. That is still in my heart today. I didn’t know . .40. . to do next.
Then he replied, “You could choose one of the two — buy some magazines or
take back your money. I don’t need your pity .” I felt very sorry for what I did,
and I told him that I would buy one.
I took the magazine home and kept asking . .41. ., “Did such a young boy
need to do it for his self-respect ”He could easily take the $20 and left. But he
decided to sell his magazines and got the money because he didn’t want others’
pity. I will remember . .42. . lesson forever.
33.( ) A.some B.any C.many D.much
A
34.( ) A.him B.her C.us D.them
D
35.( ) A.he B.I C.it D.you
C
36.( ) A.my B.your C.her D.his
D
37.( ) A.him B.them C.you D.her
A
38.( ) A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
D
39.( ) A.my B.your C.his D.their
A
40.( ) A.what B.how C.when D.where
A
41.( ) A.himself B.myself C.themselves D.ourselves
B
42.( ) A.that B.those C.this D.these
C(共14张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项九 谓语动词的时态
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、六种常用时态的基本用法和构成
二、六种常用时态中应特别注意的用法要点
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2025河北)In the future,the solar panel project will _______(produce)more electricity.
2.Time for dinner, my girl. Please tell your father that dinner is ready.
—Wait a minute, Mum. My dad ________________(answer)a phone call.
3.(2025山西)Every weekend, she _______(spend)her time in climbing mountains.
produce
is answering
spends
4.(2025河北)So far,Amy has ______ (raise) more than 1,500 oysters. She's a great leader of oyster gardening and a great supporter,too.
raised
9.(2025长沙)Several years ago, Liivand _________(move) to Florida, but she continued to swim in the sea.
10.(2025河南)One hot day,the woodcutters were _________(eat)their lunch under a tree when a beggar( 乞 丐 )came walking towards them.
5.(2025广 东 )If more countries start to take action like China,the earth will __________ (become)a greener planet.
6.Mr. Green has ______ （be） in China for five years.
7.(2025河北)While the students were ____________ (discuss) what the answer was, Mr. Johnson always waited for their reply patiently.
become
been
discussing
8.—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang
—He has ______ （go） to Beijing to attend a meeting.
gone
moved
eating
Ⅱ.完形填空。
Zeng Xiaomeng became blind a few months after she was born because of
an illness. Years ago, she talked to her parents about her dream of learning to
sing. So they . .11. . her to a special education school.
It is not easy for Zeng to learn songs. She . .12. . to use Braille （盲文） to
read the words of songs. She also needs to practice the songs repeatedly.
Although it usually . .13. . her at least a month to learn a song, she never gives up.
Zeng has a gift for music and learns faster than others at the school. Her
music teacher is proud of her. She . .14. . a video of Zeng’s singing on the Internet.
Zeng’s beautiful voice . .15. . and touched many people. They left messages praising
her.“Thanks for your openness and encouragement. I will . .16. . better and live
better,” she replied to the messages.
Music . .17. . great changes to Zeng’s life and her personality. She . .18. . much
better about herself and got more courage to communicate with others after
learning music. At her teacher’s suggestion, she . .19. . to share her own singing
videos online last year.
With music in her heart, she . .20. . more active and wants to plant her feet in
the field of music in the future.
11.( ) A.sent B.let C.taught D.educated
A
12.( ) A.thinks B.keeps C.finds D.needs
D
13.( ) A.costs B.takes C.pays D.spends
B
14.( ) A.posted B.payed C.watched D.protected
A
15.( ) A.amazed B.amazes C.has amazed D.will amaze
C
16.( ) A.sing B.read C.dance D.learn
A
17.( ) A.bring B.has brought C.brings D.brought
B
18.( ) A.felt B.feel C.feels D.will feel
A
19.( ) A.began B.allowed C.used D.refused
A
20.( ) A.was B.seemed C.tastes D.becomes
D
Ⅲ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
It was a few minutes before the final history exam. Jack and his classmates
21._____________ （wait） for Mr. White, their history teacher, to come.
When it was 8 o’ clock, Mr. White came with the exam papers. He said,“I
know how hard you 22._____________ （work） for this test, so you can get a
B if you don’t 23.______ （want） to take the test.” Many students 24.________
（ jump） up to thank Mr. White and left the classroom. Mr. White looked at
the rest of the students and said,“ Does anybody else want to get a B You
25.____________ （allow） to make the last choice.” Two more students decided
to go.
were waiting
have worked
want
jumped
are allowed
Jack and other seven students were still in the classroom. The
papers 26._____________（hand） out by Mr. White. They all felt so surprised
because there 27.______ （be） only three sentences on the paper: Congratulations!
You have just 28.______ (get) an A in this test. Keep believing in yourself.
When listening to the story, I felt excited. I have never 29._____（have） a
test like that. All of us should remember what we learn from the teacher, and we
should never give up unless we 30._____（win） the final success.
were handed
were
had
win
got(共15张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项四 数词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、基数词
1.基数词表数目，主要形式如下：
1~12 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve
13~19 由3~9加-teen构成（特殊：thirteen,fifteen,eighteen）
20~90之间的 整十 都以-ty结尾:twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety
21~99之间的 “几十几” 个位与十位之间加连字符，如:forty-nine
百位数 整百：1~9+hundred,如：three hundred;其他：整百+and+几十几,
如:one hundred and thirty-five
一千 one thousand
一万 ten thousand
不定数量 hundreds of成百上千的；thousands of数以千计的
常见表达 “基数词+-名词单数”,如：a five-minute walk
“基数词+-名词单数+-形容词”，如:a two-year-old boy
“in one’s+整十基数词的复数”，如：in his thirties
续表
2.基数词的用法
表顺序和编号 由“可数名词单数+基数词”构成，如：Lesson One，Room 343
表年龄和年代 ①基数词+year（s）+old，如：three years old；
②at the age of+基数词，如：at the age of five；
③in one’s+整十基数词的复数形式，如：in her forties；
④in the+整十年份复数/整十年份’s，如：in the 1930s/1930’s
表时间、距 离、长度 ①用含有基数词的名词所有格形式作定语，如：two minutes’
walk；
②由“基数词+度量单位+形容词”构成，如：two meters long
表日期、时刻 ①“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词，如：Oct.1st，2024；
②表时刻
a.“几点钟”用“基数词+o’clock”，如：8 o’clock 8点钟；
b.分钟数小于或等于30分钟时，用“分钟数+past+钟点数”，如：
twenty past one 1：20；
c.分钟数大于30分钟时，用“（60-分钟数）+to+（钟点数+1）”，
如：twenty to one 12：40
续表
二、序数词
1.序数词表顺序，主要形式如下:
数字 变化规则 示例
1,2,3 不规则变化 first,second,third
4~19 基数词词尾加-th fourth,nineteenth
特殊:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth
20~90之间 的整十 ty变为tie再加-th twenty→twentieth，ninety→ninetieth
两位数或多 位数 （整数除 外） 只变个位数 （hundred,thousand 等只在词尾加-th） twenty-third,hundredth,one hundred and fifty-
ninth
2.序数词的用法
表示顺序时，序数词前通常加定冠词the， 其后接可数名词单数。但序数词前若有形 容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词， 则不加the ①The second photo is what I really
need.第二张照片才是我真正需要
的。
②Tomorrow will be my fifteenth
birthday.明天将是我十五岁生日。
序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示 “又一，再一” I have read this novel three times，
but I want to read it a fourth time.
这本小说我已经读了三遍了，但我还
想读第四遍。
表示编号时既可以用序数词，也可以用基 数词 the eighth lesson=Lesson Eight第八
课
序数词与基数词连用时，通常是序数词在 前面 Please read the first two pages of
the book.请阅读这本书的前两页。
序数词修饰谓语动词时，定冠词the省略 The school ranks first in our city.这
所学校在我们城市排名第一。
【注意】表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母用
复数形式。
如：one third三分之一， three fifths五分之三。
续表
Ⅰ.用括号中所给词的适当形式完成句子。
1.(2025绥化改编)It's well known that December is the _______(twelve) month of a year.
2.(2025达州改编)—When are you going on holiday
—I'm not sure, perhaps the ____________(two) week in July.
twelfth
second
3.(2025金昌)This is Li Hua's _____ (three) time to be a volunteer.
third
4.Young man, walk on and turn left at the_______(one)crossing. You'll see the bookstore.
first
5. At the age of _________ (eight), Lily moved to Zhangjiakou with her parents.
eight
Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。
Passage 1
three one two thousand eighteen
Dear Lucy，
Hello from a long distance. 6.______，I’d like to introduce myself. My name
is Isabel and I’m 13.
I have a happy family. My father is 43 years old. He worked in a factory
7._____ years ago when I was 11. But now he’s a successful businessman. My
mom is an English teacher. She has been teaching English for over ten years—
First
two
this year is her 8.___________ year of teaching. My father always says that she
is the best teacher in the world. My sister is 9.______ years younger than me.
She is now 10 years old. She likes singing very much.
We live in Chongqing. It’s famous for its hotpot. Every year，10.__________
of people come to have a visit. If you come here，I’ll be glad to show you
around.
I hope you can write back soon.
Your pen pal，
Isabel
eighteenth
three
thousands
Passage 2
twenty two eleven one nine
Last year, my friends and I went on a trip. We started at eight o’clock. After
travelling on a bus for three hours, everyone was tired. It was about 11._______
o’clock in the morning when we were getting off the bus. Suddenly, I noticed a
young man, probably in his early 12._________. He was tall and dressed in black.
He stood very close to 13._____ of my friends. I realized that he was trying to
steal my friend’s wallet! I felt really nervous, but I knew I had to take action to
stop him. I fell over and cried out loudly on purpose. Luckily,14._____ policemen
heard me and ran over to me. When they were by my side, I told them what
eleven
twenties
one
two
happened. One of them listened to me and the other caught the thief quickly.
After that, we thanked them and went on with our trip again. The whole trip
lasted for 15._____ hours until 5 o’clock in the afternoon.
We really had a great time.
nine(共31张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项五 介词和介词短语
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、介词的用法
1.表时间
（1）辨析in，on与at
用法 示例
in 用于世纪、年代、年、 月、季节前或泛指的上 午、下午、晚上前 in the 21st century在21世纪；
in 2021在2021年；in spring在春天；
in the morning在早上
on 用于具体某一天 （如：几月几日、星期 几、节日等）或某一天的 上午、下午、晚上前 on September 1st在9月1日；
on Monday在周一；
on National Day在国庆节；
on Saturday morning在周六上午
用法 示例
at 用于具体时间点前或黎 明、正午、黄昏、午夜前 at one o’clock在一点；at noon在中午
续表
（2）辨析in，after与before
含义及用法 示例
in “in+时间段”表示“过…… （时间）以后”，常与将来时 连用 in five years五年后
after 后接时间点，常与一般将来 时连用，表示“……之后” I will go to school after seven o’clock.
我将在七点之后去上学。
后接时间段，常与一般过去 时连用，表示“……之后” Tom finished school after three years.汤姆
三年后毕业了。
before 在……之前 Lily must go to bed before 9:00。莉莉必
须九点前上床睡觉。
（3）辨析during，by与until
含义及用法 示例
during 在……期间 during the summer holiday在暑假期间
by by+时间点，表示 “到……为止；不迟 于；在……前” I will finish the work by Friday.星期五之前
我会完成这项工作。
until “直到……”，表示动作 持续到某一时间 We must work here until 10 o’clock.我们必
须在这儿工作到10点钟。
（4）辨析for与since
since+时间点=for+一段时间，常用于现在完成时（常与延续性动词连用）。如：
since 3 years ago=for 3 years
2.表方位
（1）辨析at，on，in与to
含义及用法 示例
at at+小地点（建筑物、 公共场所等） at home 在家；at the bus station在公交车站
on 在……（的平面）上 on the desk在书桌上；on the floor在地板上
表示两地接壤 Hunan is on the west of Jiangxi.湖南在江西的西
边。
含义及用法 示例
in in+大地点 （国家、省、城市 等） in China在中国；in Hebei在河北；in the city在城
市
在……里（周围环境 是立体的地方） in the forest在森林里；in the classroom在教室里
to 在……范围之外，不 接壤 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东
部。
续表
（2）辨析on，over，above，under与below
含义及用法 例句 助记
on 在……上面 （接触） There is a pen on the book and another book is beneath it.在书上有 一支钢笔并且在书下有另一本书。 _______________________________________
over 在……正上 方 （垂直不接 触） Over the table is a chandelier.桌子上 面是个吊灯。
above 在……上方 （泛指） The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机在云层上面飞行。
含义及用法 例句 助记
under 在……正下 方 （垂直不接 触） The cat is under the table.小猫在桌 子下面。 _______________________________________
below 在……下方 （泛指） The temperature dropped below zero. 温度降到了零下。
续表
（3）辨析between与among
between表示在两者之间 The dog is between the two trees.这只狗在两棵树之
间。
among表示在三者或三者 以上的人或事物之间 The dog sits among a group of cats.这只狗坐在一群
猫中间。
（4）其他方位介词
含义 例句
behind 在……后面 The small dog is behind the door.那只小狗在门后。
inside 在……里面 Don’t stay inside the buildings when an earthquake
happens.当地震发生的时候，不要待在建筑物里面。
beside 在……旁边 David,do you mind my sitting beside you 戴维，你介意
我坐在你旁边吗？
3.表动向
辨析across，through，over与past
含义及用法 例句
across “横过；穿过”，指从物 体表面的一边到另一边 Go across the street，and you will see the
school.过了马路你就会看到学校。
through “穿过；透过”，指从某 一物体的空间内部穿过 Go through the forest，and you will see a
river.穿过森林，你将会看到一条河流。
over “越过；翻过”，指从某 一物体的上方越过或空 间范围之上通过，表面 不接触 The plane flew over the mountains.飞机从那
些山峰的上方飞过。
含义及用法 例句
past “经过”，指从旁边经过 The teacher saw the boy sleeping when he
walked past the classroom.
当老师经过教室时，他看到那个男孩正在睡
觉。
续表
4.表方式
辨析with，in，by与on
含义及用法 例句
wit h “用，以，借助于”，后 常接工具或身体部位 ①I often do my homework with a pen.我经常用钢
笔写作业。
②Elephants drink water with their trunks.大象用鼻
子喝水。
in “用……”，后接语言、 声音、颜色等 ①Can you say it in English？你能用英语说它吗？
②The girl in red is my friend.穿红色衣服的女孩
是我的朋友。
含义及用法 例句
by by+交通工具，意为 “乘；坐” I go to school by bike.我骑自行车上学。
by+doing，意为“通 过……方式” I improve my English by speaking more.我通过多
说来提高英语。
on “通过……”，后接电子 产品/通讯工具 I could do all my work on the computer.我能通过
电脑完成所有工作。
续表
5.其他介词
含义及用法 示例
for 为，给；对…… 来说 Mother bought a pen for me.妈妈给我买了一支钢笔。
from 从…… We’re open from 8：00 a.m.to 7：00 p.m.every day.我
们每天从早上8点到晚上7点营业。
of ……的 a map of China一幅中国地图
about 关于；大约 （+数字） It’s a book about animals.这是一本关于动物的书。
with “with+人”意为 “和某人一起” I play games with my classmates.我和我的同学们玩游
戏。
带有；有 a girl with long hair一个长头发的女孩；
a book with a green cover一本绿皮书
含义及用法 示例
withou t 没有；不 He often goes to work without breakfast.他经常不吃早
餐就去上班。
over 遍及；超过 There are over two hundred people in the park.公园里
有两百多人。
against 反对；对抗；紧 靠 We will play against them this afternoon.今天下午我们
将跟他们比赛。
into 到……里面；进 入…… Mr. White came into the classroom with a smile.
怀特先生面带笑容走进了教室。
except 除……之外 Everyone is very happy except him.除了他，每个人都
很开心。
续表
含义及用法 示例
besides “除了”，包括后 面提到的人或物 I learn English and maths besides Chinese.
除了语文，我还学习英语和数学。
续表
二、介词短语及固定搭配
at短语 at birth出生时 at home在家里 at last最后 at noon/night在中午/晚上
at work在工作 at the same time同时 at times有时 at midnight在午夜
at the moment在此刻 at once立刻，马上 at least至少
in短语 in common共同的 in danger处于危险中 in hospital住院 in time及时
in English用英语 in fact事实上 in public当众；公开地 in person亲自
in silence沉默地 in surprise吃惊地 in the future将来 in the end最后
in the daytime在白天 in trouble处于困境中 in a hurry匆忙 in the way
挡道
in order to为了
of短语 as a result of由于 ahead of在……前面 because of因为 first of all首先
instead of而不是 of course当然 all of a sudden突然地
on短语 on business出差 on display陈列 on duty值班 on foot步行 on holiday在
休假
on one’s own独自 on purpose故意 on sale降价销售；出售 on show展
出 on time准时
on the earth在地球上 on the way在路上 on the telephone在接/打电话
on the other hand另一方面 on the right/left在右/左边
to短语 according to根据 close to接近 to one’s surprise/joy令某人吃惊/高兴的是
thanks to幸亏；由于
by短语 by air坐飞机 by bus坐公交车 by accident偶然地 by mistake错误地
by the way顺便说一下
续表
其他短 语 for example例如 such as例如 together with和……一起
续表
Ⅰ.根据句意使用适当的介词完成句子。
1.(2025河北)Our“Good Things Jug”is full___love,hope and happiness.
2.(2025临 沂 )Thanks____ their long-term preparations, Ruan Ruoshan wrote the lyrics withLi Lin in a village house overnight.
3.(2025长沙)Are you interested________ learning more about the classics Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis ( 基 础 )of culture then.
of
to
in
4.(2025吉林)Life was hard for Su Shi, but he tried to enjoy it. In 1080, he was sent to Huangzhou and stayed there____four years.
for
5.(2025绥化改编)Everyone in my family does chores________my little brother because
he is only 10 months old.
except
6.(2025成都改编)Xiao Wenfang gave up her job in the big city and opened a restaurant with her father in the village_______learning about its changes.
after
7.(2025山西改编)There's also a small wireless device that can receive and translate the signals for a smart machine. _____ this“translator”,the machine can understand the thoughts from the brain and act.
With
8.(2025天津改编)After the police officers asked the man some questions and checked his identity (身份), they learned that the man himself lived in the house. He had to enter the house _______ithe open window because his keys were lost.
9._________ the Spring Festival, lanterns can be seen almost everywhere in my hometown.
10.The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the
past._________them, I could never have finished this book.
though
During
Without
Ⅱ.完形填空。
I came to China with my parents a year ago. Mr. Xi lives next . .11. . me in
my neighborhood. He likes to say，“Méi guānxi” in life.
One weekend，Mom asked Mr. Xi to look . .12. . me. “I’m so sorry，” she
said. “But we don’t know other neighbors yet.”
“Méi guānxi！” Mr. Xi said and laughed. I asked him.“What does‘Méi
guānxi’mean？”“It means ‘no problem’，” he explained.
“It seems that you are cool with everything，but I am always nervous about
things in my life，even the weather，”I said.
“Oh，I used to worry，too!” said Mr. Xi. “I used to work . .13. . a tall
building. I worried all the time，and was angry all the time . .14. . first. Finally，
my doctor told me that the stress was making me sick.” He stopped talking and
looked . .15. . of the window at his garden.
“So what did you do？” I asked.
He said，“I bought this house，together . .16. . those fruit trees in the garden.
I just focused . .17. . what I was doing instead of thinking about the results. I
found peace in that process.”
. .18. . then on，when I met some difficulties，I would tell myself “Méi
guānxi”.
11.( ) A.on B.in C.from D.to
D
12.( ) A.after B.at C.for D.like
A
13.( ) A.on B.over C.in D.behind
C
14.( ) A.in B.for C.by D.at
D
15.( ) A.out B.through C.up D.down
A
16.( ) A.before B.with C.for D.about
B
17.( ) A.of B.in C.on D.for
C
18.( ) A.For B.From C.Against D.With
B
Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的介词。
When you have a cold, you must be unhappy because your body becomes
hot, and there are pains all over. What makes you ill It’s germs
（细菌）.Germs are everywhere. They are so small that you can’t find them
19.______ your eyes. However,it’s easy 20.____ you to see them with a
microscope （显微镜）.They are very small and there could be hundreds of them
in or 21.____ a very small thing. Germs are always found 22.___ dirty water. In
order to see them, you can look 23.___dirty water under the microscope.
They are also found in air and dust. If you cut your finger , and some 24.___
the dust goes into the finger, it will become big and red, and you will have
much pain in it. Sometimes germs will go 25._____ your body and you won’t
have a comfortable feeling 26._______ pain.
with
for
on
in
at
of
into
except(共26张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项十三 主从复合句
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、定义
主从复合句由一个主句加一个或多个从句构成，从句在复合句中充当一定成分。
初中阶段要求重点掌握宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句的用法。
二、分类
1.宾语从句:宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。
要素 用法 例句
引导 词 从属连词that本身无词义，在从句中不作 成分，只起连接作用，在口语中that可省 略 He said （that） he would go to
the seaside.他说他要去海边。
从属连词if或whether意为“是否”，不作 句子成分，不可省略，句尾有or not时 用whether He hasn’t decided if he’ll go on
a trip to Zhejiang.他还没决定是
否去浙江旅行。
要素 用法 例句
引导 词 连接代词（what/who/whose/whom/which 等）在从句中作一定成分，如:作主语、 宾语、定语等 Do you know who he is 你知道
他是谁吗
连接副词（where/when/why/how等）在 从句中作状语 She asked me where I bought
the book.她问我在哪里买的这本
书。
时态 需要性原则：主句为一般现在时，从句 根据实际情况使用所需要的时态 I don’t know when he will come
back.我不知道他将何时回来。
呼应性原则：主句为一般过去时，从句 相应地用过去的某种时态 The children didn’t know who
he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
续表
要素 用法 例句
时态 特殊性原则：如果宾语从句表示的是客 观真理和普遍事实，则不管主句是什么 时态，从句都用一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth
goes around the sun.老师说地球
围绕着太阳转。
语序 陈述句语序，即主语+谓语+其他 Do you know where I can get
some postcards 你知道我能从哪
里得到一些明信片吗
续表
2.状语从句：用来修饰动词和形容词，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间、地点、
原因等的句子叫作状语从句。
分类 连接词 例句
时间 状语 从句 when/while/as，before， after，since， until，as soon as ①She always washes hands before she has meals.她总是
在饭前洗手。
②He became a doctor after he graduated.他毕业后成了一
名医生。
③My mother was cooking while I was doing my
homework.在我做作业时，我妈妈正在做饭。
分类 连接词 例句
条件 状语 从句 if，as long as，unless，in case，once ①If it doesn’t rain tomorrow，we’ll go to the park.如果
明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
②Unless it rains，the game will be played.除非下雨，否
则比赛照常进行。
③As long as you work hard，you will make great
progress.只要你努力，你就会取得很大的进步。
④In case we fail，we won’t lose heart.万一我们失败了，
我们也不会失去信心。
⑤Once he makes up his mind，he will never give it up.
他一旦下定决心，就永远不会放弃。
续表
分类 连接词 例句
原因 状语 从句 because， since，as，for ①I didn’t go to your party because my mother was ill.因
为我妈妈生病了，所以我没有去参加你的聚会。
②Since everyone is here，let’s begin our meeting. 既然大
家都来了，我们就开始开会吧。
③I left a note as you were out.因为你不在，所以我留了
一张便条。
续表
分类 连接词 例句
目的 状语 从句 so that，in order that ①You’d better speak louder so that/in order that we can
hear you.你最好说话大声一些，以便我们都能听到。
②He gets up early in order that he can catch the first
bus.=He gets up early in order to catch the first bus.他起
得很早，以便能赶上第一班公共汽车。
结果 状语 从句 so...that..., such...that... ①He was so tired that he couldn’t go any farther.=He
was too tired to go any farther.他太累了，不能再走了。
②She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes
her.她是一个如此可爱的女孩，以至于她身边的每个人都喜
欢她。
续表
分类 连接词 例句
让步 状语 从句 though/althoug h， even if/though， whatever/ whenever/ however... ①They are generous though they are poor.虽然他们很
穷，但他们很慷慨。
②Although it was late，they were still working.虽然很晚
了，但他们仍在工作。
③We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is
bad.即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。
④Wherever you go，I will go with you.=No matter
where you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会
和你一起去。
续表
3.定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。
（1）关系代词和关系副词的用法
关系词 用法 例句
关系代 词 which 只能指物，在从句中充当 主语或宾语。作主语时不 可省略，作宾语时可以省 略 Football is a game which is liked
by most boys．足球是大多数男孩
都喜欢的运动。
关系词 用法 例句
关系代 词 that 可指物，也可指人，在从 句中充当主语或宾语。作 主语时不可省略，作宾语 时可以省略 ①A plane is a machine that can
fly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。
（作主语，不可省略）
②The homework （that） I
finished last night was left at
home.我昨晚写完的作业落在家里
了。（作宾语，可省略）
续表
关系词 用法 例句
关系代 词 who 只能指人，在从句中充当 主语或宾语。作主语时不 可省略，作宾语时可以省 略 The boy who is standing over
there is Tom. 站在那边的男孩是汤
姆。
whom （课标 未作要 求） 指人，在从句中充当宾 语，可以省略，有时也可 以用who替代 This is our English teacher whom
everybody likes. 这是我们大家都喜
欢的英语老师。
续表
关系词 用法 例句
关系代 词 whose （课标 未作要 求） 可指物，也可指人，在从 句中充当定语 This is my deskmate whose father
works in a factory.这是我的同桌，
他的父亲在一家工厂工作。
关系副 词 （课标 未作要 求） when 指时间，在定语从句中作 时间状语 We will never forget the days
when we stayed with Mr. Smith.我
们永远不会忘记和史密斯先生在一
起的日子。
续表
关系词 用法 例句
关系副 词 （课标 未作要 求） where 指地点，在定语从句中作 地点状语 This is the classroom where we
study.这是我们学习的教室。
why 指原因，在定语从句中作 原因状语 This is the reason why I didn’t
attend the meeting yesterday.
这就是我昨天没有参加会议的原
因。
续表
（2）关系代词中只能用that的情况
当先行词是all，none，little，much， some，everything，anything，nothing 等不定代词或被其修饰时 Please get everything ready that we need.
请准备好我们需要的一切。
当先行词前面有the only，the very， the last，the same等修饰时 He is the only person that I want to see.
他是我唯一想见的人。
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修 饰时 This is the most interesting book that I
have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的
书。
当先行词既有人又有物时 They talked about the people and things
that they remembered in the school.他们
谈论了他们在学校记得的人和事。
当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑 问句时，为避免重复应用that Who is the person that is standing at the
gate？那个站在门口的人是谁？
续表
（3）关系代词中不能用that的情况
①介词之后不能用that。如：This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是
我们曾经工作过的工厂。
②当先行词本身为that/those时。如：You must find out those which may be
ignored by us.你必须找到那些可能被我们忽视的东西。
Ⅰ.根据句意使用适当的词完成句子或对话。
1.(2025广东)She was curious about ______ Mom was busy with.
what
2.(2025武汉) —David,what's the meaning of “A promise is a promise”
—It tells us _____ important keeping a promise is.
how
3. (2025天津改编)While he was climbing, he kept looking around to see _____ anyone saw him.
if
4. (2025泰 安 )Jenny is very interested in traditional Chinese culture, and she has learned it _____ she came to China 5 years ago.
since
5.(2025北京改编)— Linda,do you know _______ we are going for the school trip this term
—Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum.
where
6.(2025临沂)In 1940, Ruan Ruoshan and Li Lin _____ were from the First Anti-Japanese University were asked to create a song to praise Yimeng people.
who
7.(2025山西)That is because people like to make friends with a person _________ is smiling and happy.
who/that
8.(2025乐山)It is good for your health___you take a walk after supper.
9._________________ sleep is so important, many people these days are not
getting enough.
if
Though/Although
10.(2025长沙)Still,many people don't want to read classics _________ they are long and have complex plots(复杂的情节).
11.As a blind person, ______ I am at the subway station, I don’t know which is
my exit.
12.____ these noodles are such an important part of Jiangxi culture, locals have
done their best to protect its reputation （声誉） as a local specialty.
13.No matter _______ you are, you should keep yourself safe
first.
14.He is so lazy _____ he does nothing but eating every day.
15.I was really pleased _____ you can come to our beach party.
because
when
As
where
that
that
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词。(2025苏州改编)
Hermit crabs (寄居蟹) are small animals 16. live in the ocean or on the beach. The crab has its own hard shell (外壳) but it only covers part of its body. The soft part cannot be protected 17. there isn't a shell. So the crab will find an empty shell and climb inside to stay safe.
18. a hermit crab grows, it needs a bigger shell. Groups of hermit crabs gather to exchange shells. Sometimes, they fight over shells or line up to get the best one.
that/which
if
As/When
Hermit crabs eat just about any food 19. they can find, such as plants, dead fish or even food left on the beach. 20. they eat so widely, they help keep beaches clean.
However, pollution can make it harder for hermit crabs to find real shells. Sometimes plastic bottles and caps are mistaken for real shells. Once inside, many cannot get out and slowly die.
Beach cleanups, recycling, and using less plastic can make a big difference.
Because
which/that(共25张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项十一 动词的非谓语形式
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，否定形式是在动词不定式前加not。
动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称和数的变化，
动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语。
1.动词不定式的功能
功能 例句
作主语 ①To keep the classroom clean is important.保持教室干净是重要的。
②It’s important to protect the environment.保护环境很重要。
作表语 My job is to take care of the pets.我的工作是照顾这些宠物。
作宾语 或宾语 补足语 ①I want to keep the classroom clean.我想保持教室干净。
②Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean.我们的老师建议
我们保持教室干净。
功能 例句
作定语 I need a big room to live in.我需要一个大房间来住。
作状语 ①Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王太太去上海看她
女儿。（表目的）
②We’re glad to meet you here.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。（表原因）
③He is too tired to work on.他太累了不能继续工作了。（表结果）
续表
2.“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法
用法 例句
动词不定式与疑问词连用 可作主语、宾语或表语 ①When to go to Beijing hasn’t been decided yet. 什
么时候去北京还没定下来。（作主语）
②I haven’t decided when to leave Beijing. 我还没决
定什么时候离开北京。（作宾语）
③My question is how to go to Beijing. 我的问题是
如何去北京。（作表语）
“疑问词+动词不定式”作 宾语时可以转化为宾语从 句 Can you tell me where to buy a cup？ =Can you tell
me where I can buy a cup？你能告诉我在哪里能买到
杯子吗？
3.后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）
plan计划 decide决定 hope/wish希望 afford负担得起
agree同意 choose选择 expect期望 fail未通过
learn学习 like喜欢 manage设法做成 offer主动提出
prepare准备 promise承诺 refuse拒绝 start/begin开始
try努力 would like想要
4.后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词
allow允许 require/ask要求 advise建议 encourage鼓励 expect期望
force强迫 help帮助 invite邀请 order命令 remind提醒
teach教 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望
【注意】常见动词不定式省略to的情况
（1）一些感官动词和使役动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to需
省略。
一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：let，make，have；四看：look at，
watch，see，notice。
（2）and，but，or，than，except等连接两个并列的动词不定式时，第二个不定式
常省略to。
如：She wants to be a teacher and help children in the countryside.她想成为一
名教师，帮助农村的孩子们。
续表
5.动词不定式的常用结构
结构 例句
too... to...表示“太……而不 能……” The boy is too young to look after himself. 这
个男孩太小了不能照顾自己。
adj.+enough to...表示“足够…… 去做……” He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的
年龄了。
It’s one’s turn to do sth.表示 “轮到某人做某事了” It’s my turn to clean the classroom. 轮到我打扫
教室了。
It takes/took sb. some money/time to do sth.表示“花 费某人一些金钱/时间做某事” It took me three hours to finish the task on my
own.独自完成这项任务花费了我三个小时。
结构 例句
It+be+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth. 表示“某人做某事是……的/对某 人来说做某事是……的” ①It’s kind of you to help me with my study.你
能在学习上帮助我真是太好了。
②It’s hard for you to carry the machine by
yourself.你自己搬动这个机器是困难的。
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某 事” She prefers to receive a small and meaningful
gift rather than receive a lot of money.她宁愿收
到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。
It+be+one’s duty+to do sth.表示 “做某事是某人的责任” It’s my duty to look after my little sister.照顾我
的小妹妹是我的责任。
续表
二、动词的-ing形式
1.功能
功能 例句
作主语 Teaching English is interesting.教英语是有趣的。
作宾语 ①She likes teaching English.她喜欢教英语。（动词的宾语）
②She is good at teaching English.她擅长教英语。（介词的宾语）
作表语 Her job is teaching English in a middle school.她的工作是在一所中学教
英语。
作定语 My uncle bought an apartment with a swimming pool.我叔叔买了一个带
游泳池的公寓。
2.后接动词的-ing形式作宾语的常见动词（短语）
stop停止 finish完成 advise/suggest建议 avoid避免
consider考虑 enjoy喜欢 imagine想象 keep坚持
mind介意 miss错过 practise练习 risk冒险
stand忍受 feel like想要 succeed in成功 give up放弃
be busy忙于 be good at擅长 can’t help禁不住 put off推迟
be interested in对……感兴趣
【注意】（1）若动词的-ing形式位于句首作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
（2）有一些动词后面既可以接动词的-ing形式，也可以接动词不定式，但是意思有区别，常见的有：
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）
remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）
remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做）
regret doing sth.对做过的事感到后悔（已做）
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
续表
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下一件事去做另一件事
try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.设法/努力做某事
go on doing sth.继续做某事（继续正在做的事）
go on to do sth.继续做某事（继续去做另一件事）
need/require/want to do sth.需要/想要做某事（主动意义）
need/require/want doing sth.需要/想要做某事（被动意义）
续表
（3）若to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形；若to为介词，后接名词、代词或动
词的-ing形式。以下短语中的to为介词：
be/get/become used to习惯于 hold on to守住；保住 stick to坚持 lead to导致；
引起；通向
turn to求助于 look forward to盼望；期待 look up to 钦佩；仰慕 pay attention
to 注意
续表
三、动词的-ed形式
1.功能
功能 例句
作定语 The boy wore a pair of faded jeans.那个男孩穿了一条褪色的牛
仔裤。
作表语 She is very tired.她很疲劳。
作宾语补足语 The news makes me very excited.这个消息使我很兴奋。
作状语 Punished by the teacher，I was unhappy.被老师惩罚了，我非常
不开心。
功能 例句
【注意】动词的-ed形式作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系，表示该动 作的被动或者完成。 如：the novel written by Lu Xun鲁迅写的那篇小说；a singer surrounded by a group of fans被一群粉丝包围的歌手；fallen leaves落叶；a snow-covered city一 座被雪覆盖的城市
续表
2.用法
结构 例句
have/get sth. done“使…… 被……” I want to have/get these chairs fixed.我想把这些椅子修理一下。
It +be+动词 的-ed形式 +that... It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道……
It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is well-known that...众所周
知……
It is suggested that...有人建议…… It is required that...人们要求……
It is believed that...人们相信……
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2025河北)Therefore, I encourage you_______(create)your “Good Things Jug” today.
2.(2025宿迁)Kitty will go to the English Corner ___________ (practise) her English this Saturday afternoon.
3.(2025长春)___________ (keep) eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens.
to creat
to practise
To keep
4.(2025兰州)Keep studying hard in the future because_________ (learn) is a lifelong journey.
5.My mother often tells me not ________ (eat) too much junk food because it's bad for my health.
6.The computer is broken again. I get it _________ （repair） yesterday.
7.__________ （realize） what had happened, Rick’s mom
warned him again that it was harmful to his eyes to play video games too much.
8.It is _________ (say)that there will be a new park in our city next year.
learning
to eat
playing
repaired
Realizing
said
9.(2025天津)The government is developing new plans ________ (protect)ancient buildings.
10.The teachers used to ______ （write） key points on the blackboard，but now
they are getting used to _________ （show）them through PPTs.
to protect
write
showing
11. Since it rained heavily, they had no choice but (cancel) the outdoor event.
12. The scientists are busy (develop) new energy sources to solve the energy problem.
13.—Look! There are some students (play) basketball on the playground.
—Yes. I often see them play basketball there.
14. (compare)with last year, our basketball team has made much progress this year.
15. Peter's Chinese was very poor when he came to China, so he couldn't make himself
(understand).
to cancel
developing
playing
Compared
understood
Ⅱ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。（2024聊城模拟改编）
When May Day comes,it means that people will have several vacation days.
Are you sorry for not 16._________(trave) during the vacation this year If
you stayed at home，I think you 17.______ （make） a good choice. Why？
Because there were a lot of people in many places of interest in
China. They were too crowded for the people 18.________(have) a good time.
traveling
made
to have
It was 19._________ （report） that there were over 100，000 people on
Mount Tai on May 1st，2023.You couldn’t take photos for you or your friends.
You even had no place 20._________(rest). A friend of mine told me he
21.______ （can） see nothing except lots of people on Mount Tai.“We couldn’t
walk if the people in front of us didn’t walk,” he said. He showed me a photo
22._______ （take） on Mount Tai. In the photo，I hardly found him，because
there were so many people.
So some people advise that we should just 23.________ （stay） at home to
avoid too many people. However，other people 24._________ （agree） with
them. They think it’s exciting to go traveling. I love 25.____________staying at
home more than traveling. What’s your idea？
reported
to rest
could
taken
staying
disagree
staying(共26张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项十二 句子的种类及简单句
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、句子种类
1.陈述句
构成 例句
肯 定 形 式 谓语动词不含否定词。分为两种， 一种为正常语序，一种为倒装语序 ①My parents are both doctors. 我的父母
都是医生。
②In the center of the city is a big park.
这个城市中心有一个大公园。
否 定 形 式 如果句子的谓语动词是be动词、助 动词或情态动词，在这些动词之后 加not，常用缩略形式 ①She isn’t my friend. 她不是我的朋友。
②I can’t go with you. 我不能和你一起
去。
③I haven’t seen the film. 我没有看过这
部电影。
构成 例句
否 定 形 式 如果句子的谓语动词是实义动词， 在谓语动词前要加助动词don’t， doesn’t或didn’t Tom doesn’t like playing the piano. 汤姆
不喜欢弹钢琴。
除not外，使用其他否定词也可构 成否定句，如no，never，seldom， hardly，nothing，neither， nobody，few，little，none等 ①I have never been to Shanghai. 我从来
没有去过上海。
②None of these pens works/work. 这些
钢笔没有一支能用。
续表
2.疑问句:疑问句指提出问题，请对方回答的句子，句末要用问号。疑问句分为一
般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
（1）一般疑问句:用于询问某事是否属实，通常用yes或no来回答。
结构 例句
Be动词+主语+ 其他？ —Is she your sister？她是你的妹妹吗？
—Yes，she is./No，she isn’t.是的，她是。/不，她不是。
情态动词+主 语+动词原形+ 其他？ —Must I finish the report？我必须完成报告吗？
—Yes，you must./No，you needn’t.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
助动词+主语+ 动词原形+其 他？ —Did Tom go to the zoo？汤姆去动物园了吗？
—Yes，he did./No，he didn’t.是的，他去了。/不，他没有去。
（2）特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词（组）引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，回答时不能
使用yes或no，而是根据实际情况作答。
疑问词 （组） 含义及用法 例句
who “谁”，询问身份 Who is the man under the tree？树底下的那
个男人是谁？
which “哪一个”，询问特定 的人或物 Which book do you like？你喜欢哪一本书？
what “什么”，询问职业或 身份等 —What is he？他是干什么的？
—He’s a teacher.他是一名教师。
when “什么时候”，询问时 间 When did you go to Shanghai last time？
你上次去上海是什么时候？
疑问词 （组） 含义及用法 例句
where “哪里”，询问地点 Where is he from？他来自哪里？
why “为什么”，询问原因 Why are you late again？你为什么又迟到了？
how “怎样，如何”，询问 方式 How do you go to school？ 你怎样去上学？
whose “谁的”，询问所属关 系 Whose is this？这是谁的？
how far “多远”，询问距离 How far is it from here to your home？从这
儿到你家有多远？
续表
疑问词 （组） 含义及用法 例句
how long “多长”，询问物体长 度 How long is the desk？这张书桌有多长？
续表
疑问词 （组） 含义及用法 例句
how long “多长时间”，询问时 间长短，答语用“for+ 一段时间”或“since+ 时间点” —How long have you taught in the school？
你在这所学校教书教了多长时间？
—For ten years.十年了。
how many “多少”，询问数量， 后跟可数名词复数 How many books do you have？ 你有多少本
书？
how much “多少”，询问数量， 后跟不可数名词 How much water do you need？ 你需要多少
水？
“多少钱”，询问价格 How much are these books？这些书多少钱？
续表
疑问词 （组） 含义及用法 例句
how often “多久一次”，询问频 率 How often do you go swimming？你多久去游
泳一次？
how soon “多久之后”，询问将 来的时间，答语用 “in+一段时间” —How soon will you come back？你多久回
来？
—In two days.两天之后。
how old “多大”，询问年龄 How old are you？你多大了？
续表
（3）选择疑问句：说话人提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况作
答的问句叫作选择疑问句，列出的选择之间常用or连接。选择疑问句不用yes或no
回答，可用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答。
结构 例句
一般疑问句+选择项 A+or+选择项B？ —Do you like noodles or rice？你喜欢面条还是米饭？
—I like rice.我喜欢米饭。
特殊疑问句+选择项 A+or+选择项B？ —Which shirt do you like better，the red one or the blue
one？你更喜欢哪件衬衫，红色的还是蓝色的？
—I like the red one.我喜欢红色的这件。
（4）反意疑问句：附加在陈述句后的简单问句叫反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“三
同一反”原则（三同：人称、动词、时态；一反：前肯后否/前否后肯）。
结构 例句
肯定陈述句+否定附加 疑问句？ Lucy often goes to school on foot，doesn’t she？露西常
常步行去上学，不是吗？
否定陈述句+肯定附加 疑问句？ Max didn’t play basketball yesterday，did he？马克斯昨
天没有打篮球，是吗？
Let’s祈使句，shall we？ Let’s have a rest，shall we？咱们休息一下，好吗？
结构 例句
肯定祈使句，will/won’t you？ Stand up，will/won’t you？站起来，好吗？
否定祈使句，will you？ Don’t be late again，will you？不要再迟到了，好吗？
续表
3.感叹句
类型 结构 例句
what引 导的感 叹句 What+a/an+形容词+单数可数 名词（+主语+谓语）！ What a beautiful flower（it is）！多么漂
亮的一朵花啊！
What+形容词+可数名词复数 （+主语+谓语）！ What interesting books （they are）！多
么有趣的书啊！
What+形容词+不可数名词 （+主语+谓语）！ What fine weather （it is）！多么好的天
气啊！
类型 结构 例句
how引 导的感 叹句 How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓 语）！ How fine the weather is！多么好的天气
啊！
How+形容词+a/an+单数可数 名词（+主语+谓语）！ How beautiful a dress（it is）！多么漂亮
的一条连衣裙啊！
How+主语+谓语！ How time flies！时间过得多快啊！
续表
4.祈使句
结构 例句
肯定 形式 （Please+）动词原形（+其他）. Open the door，please.请打开门。
Be+表语（+其他）. Be happy.开心点儿。
Let+宾语+动词原形（+其他）. （常用于第一、三人称，表示建 议、邀请和劝说等） Let’s go shopping.我们去购物吧。
结构 例句
否定 形式 Don’t+动词原形（+其他）. Don’t play with fire.不要玩火。
Don’t let+宾语+动词原形 （+其他）.=Let+宾语+not+动词 原形（+其他）. Don’t let him go there alone.=Let him
not go there alone.不要让他独自去那
里。
No+名词/动词-ing形式. ①No photos！禁止拍照！②No
parking！禁止停车！
Never+动词原形（+其他）. Never give up！ 永不放弃！
续表
二、简单句基本句型
1.主谓：Tom runs fast.
2.主系表：Amy is a good student.
3.主谓宾：Mike bought a new book yesterday.
4.主谓宾宾：I gave Tom a notebook last week.
5.主谓宾补：Sad movies make me cry.
6.存现句：（就近原则）
（1）肯定句：
There is/are... There was/were...
There will be... There is/are going to be...
（2）否定句：
There isn’t/aren’t... There wasn’t/weren’t...
There won’t be...
There isn’t/aren’t going to be...
（3）一般疑问句：
Is/Are there... Was/Were there...
Will there be...
Is/Are there going to be...
Ⅰ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
what how who stay how long
how soon how far how often there
1.(2025宿迁) — Sun Yingsha won the women's singles final at the World Table Tennis Championships in Doha on May 25, 2025.
— ______ exciting the news is!
How
2.—_______ are a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
—Oh， really？ Shall we go there this afternoon？
There
3.—___________ do you visit your grandparents？
—Once a week. I play chess with them every Sunday evening.
How often
4.(2025绥化)_______ good advice it is! I'm sure to make many friends at the party.
—I’m glad you had a good time.
What
5.—Attention，please！______inside because of the heavy rain.
—We will，Mr. Li.
Stay
6.—May，_____ is the e-mail from？
—A new friend. His name is Mike and he lives in Newcastle.
who
7.—__________ have you been a member of the Youth League？
— For three years.
How long
8.—_________is it from our school to the new bookstore， Li Lei？
—Only one kilometer.
How far
9.—Lingling，__________will your brother come back from abroad？
—Hmm， in a week.
how soon
Ⅱ.单句填空。
10.—The old man never feels lonely, _________
—No, because he has many friends.
does he
11.Have a try,____you will never know what you can achieve.
12.(2025北京)—Steve, _____ did you begin to learn how to play chess
—About two years ago.
13.(2025攀枝花改编)—It's reported that therewill be a highway from Panzhihua to Yibin.
—Wow, _______ great news for us!
14._________ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park.
or
when
what
What a
15.(2025长春)______ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is!I want to read it to
my mom.
How
16.—When we say “ saving the earth”, which is more important, taking action or
just talking
—______________.We should do something right now to protect our home.
Taking action
17._______ is your hometown I can’t find it anywhere on the map.
Where(共32张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项七 形容词和副词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、形容词
1.形容词的用法
成分 说明 例句
作定 语 一般放在所修饰 词的前面 It’s a cold and windy day today.今天是个寒冷、有风
的日子。
作表 语 放在系动词的后 面 He looks happy today.他今天看上去很开心。
成分 说明 例句
作补 足语 作主语或宾语的 补足语，说明主 语或宾语的性 质、状态或特征 I think it impossible for him to finish the work before
dark.我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。
作状 语 主要表示原因、 伴随或方式 Hungry and tired，I had to stop to have a rest.又累又
饿，我只好停下来休息一下。
续表
【注意】（1）有些形容词可与定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物。此时，它相当于
一个名词，可用作主语或宾语。如：the rich富人；the poor穷人。
（2）有些形容词可单独使用，作感叹语，表示某种情绪。如：Wonderful！Can
you play the song again 太棒了！你能再演奏一遍这首歌吗？
2.常见的形容词短语
与 abou t搭 配 be worried about对……担忧 be crazy about对……着迷
be sure about对……有把握 be sorry about对……感到遗憾
be strict about sth.对某事要求严格 be careful about对……小心翼翼
be curious about对……好奇 be anxious about对……感到焦虑
与at 搭配 be annoyed at对……恼怒 be surprised at对……感到惊奇
be angry at对……生气 be good at在……方面擅长
与for 搭配 be famous for因……而著名 get ready for为……做好准备
be sorry for为……感到抱歉 be fit/unfit for适合/不适合
be good for对……有好处 be bad for对……有坏处
be suitable for适合…… be thirsty for渴望
与in 搭配 be interested in对……感兴趣 be weak in在……方面薄弱
be different in 在……方面不同 be rich in富于，盛产
与of 搭配 be proud of为……感到自豪 be afraid of害怕……
be full of充满…… be tired of对……厌倦
续表
与 with 搭配 be angry with...生……的气 be busy with...忙于……
be filled with...被……填满 be patient with...对……有耐心
be popular with...受……欢迎 be careful with...对……小心
be satisfied with...对……感到满意 be pleased with...对……感到满意
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
与to 搭配 be close to接近，靠近 be good to对……好 be kind to对……友好
be rude to对……粗鲁 be polite to对……礼貌 be useful to 对……有用
be similar to与……相似
续表
二、副词
1.副词的分类
示例 位置
时间副词 then，now，finally,soon 一般放句末，有时放
句首。若两种同时出
现，地点副词置前
地点副词 here，there，home，around
频度副词 always，often，usually， sometimes，seldom，never， hardly ever 放在助动词、情态动词或系动词之
后，行为动词之前，即 “行前be后”
示例 位置
程度副词 very，quite，too，so， almost,enough 一般放在被修饰词之前，但enough要
放在形容词后
疑问副词 where,when,why,how 常用来构成特殊疑问句，通常置于句
首
-ly副词 carefully，successfully，badly 一般放在被修饰的动词或动词词组后
续表
2.形容词变副词的规则
规则 例词
与形容词同形 low，fast，late，early，deep,little，hard，only，
back,well，enough
形容词后直接加-ly sad→sadly， polite→politely， loud→loudly，
quick→quickly
形容词以辅音字母加-y结尾， 改y为i 再加-ly happy→happily，angry→angrily，
busy→busily，heavy→heavily,easy→easily
规则 例词
形容词以辅音字母加-le结尾， 去e再加-y simple→simply， terrible→terribly，
comfortable→comfortably
少数以-ue结尾的形容词，去e 再加-ly true→truly
续表
三、形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词原级的用法
用法 例句
肯定句中：as+adj./adv.+as Sally is as old as my sister.萨莉和我的
妹妹年龄一样大。
否定句中：not+as/so+adj./adv.+as Maths is not as/so difficult as English.数
学不如英语难。
若第一个as/so后有形容词作定语修饰名 词，应将该名词及有关修饰词放在第一 个as/so之后 Bob is as good a player as his brother.
鲍勃像他的哥哥一样是个优秀的运动
员。
very，too，so，quite等程度副词只修饰 原级，不能修饰形容词比较级和最高级 I don’t want to live here. It’s quite
noisy.我不想住在这里，太吵闹了。
用法 例句
表示“A是B的几倍”时，用“A+be动词/ 实义动词+倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+B”结构 （一倍：once，两倍：twice，三倍及以 上：基数词+times） The plane flew ten times as high as the
kite.那架飞机的飞行高度是那个风筝的十
倍。
续表
2.形容词和副词比较级的用法
（1）当有表示程度的副词much，even，far，a little，a bit，a lot等修饰时，用形
容词或副词的比较级。如：It is even colder today.今天更冷了。
（2）比较级的常见结构
结构 例句
①“A+be动词/实义动词+比较级+than+B” 表示“A比B……”（注意比较的对象要一 致） The blue cup is bigger than the green
one.蓝色的杯子比绿色的杯子大。
②“Which/Who+be动词+比较级，A or B？”表示“A、B两者中哪一个/谁 更……？” Who is taller，you or Tom？你和汤姆
谁更高？
结构 例句
③“the+比较级+of the two...”表示“两者 之间比较……的一个” He is the thinner of the two.他是两个
中较瘦的那个。
④“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节形容词/副词原级”表示“越 来越……” This song is becoming more and more
popular.这首歌变得越来越受欢迎了。
⑤“the+比较级...，the +比较级...”表 示“越……（就）越……” The harder we study，the better results
we’ll get.我们学习越努力，我们得到的
结果就越好。
⑥“A+be动词/实义动词+倍数+比较级 +than+B”表示“A是B的……倍” This box is three times bigger than that
box.这个盒子是那个盒子的四倍大。
续表
结构 例句
⑦“A+be动词/实义动词+比较级 +than+any other+可数名词单数”或“A+be 动词/实义动词+比较级+than+the other+ 可数名词复数”表示“A比其他任何一个 都……”（比较级结构表示最高级含义） He is taller than any other boy in his
class.=He is taller than the other boys
in his class.他比他班里的其他任何一个
男孩都高。
续表
3.形容词和副词最高级的用法
用法 例句
“主语+be动词/实义动词+（the）最高 级+of/in+比较范围”表示三者或三者以 上的人或物进行比较 Jane has the longest hair in her class.简
的头发在她班里最长。
“A+be动词+one of the+最高级+可数 名词复数”表示“A是……中最……之 一” Shanghai is one of the most famous
cities in China.上海是中国最著名的城市
之一。
用法 例句
“A+be动词+the+序数词+最高级+名词+ 范围”表示“A是……中第……最…… 的……” The Yellow River is the second longest
river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
“Which/Who+动词+（the）最高级， A，B or C？”表示在三者或三者以上 的人或物中进行选择 Who runs the fastest，Tom，Kate or
Bill？汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁跑得最快？
续表
4.形容词和副词比较等级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
类别 规则 原级→比较级→最高级
单音节词 和少数双 音节词 一般在词尾直接加-er，-est long→longer→longest；
fast→faster→fastest
以不发音的e结尾时，在词 尾加-r，-st late→later→latest;large→larger→largest
以辅音字母加y结尾时，变y 为i，再加-er，-est easy→easier→easiest；
happy→happier→happiest
以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只 有一个辅音字母时，双写该 辅音字母，再加-er，-est big→bigger→biggest；
thin→thinner→thinnest
类别 规则 原级→比较级→最高级
多音节词 和部分双 音节词 在原级前加more， most important→more important→mostimportant
续表
（2）不规则变化：原级→比较级→最高级
good/well→better→best；ill/bad/badly→worse→worst；many/much→more→most；
little→less→least；far→farther/further→farthest /furthest；
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
Ⅰ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子或对话。
important safe hardly than deep close hard medical possible
enough
1.(2025广东)This influenced me _______. I came to realize that, as architects, we should design with people to keep a city alive.
2.(2025河北改编)I'm so ________ to my parents for their love. It's the best thing on earth.
deeply
thankful
3.—“One tree can’t make a forest” is a famous saying.
—Yes. It shows us that teamwork plays an __________ role in our lives.
important
4.We can’t see those islands clearly from here on sunny days, and it’s even less
_________ to see them on cloudy days.
possible
5.After winning the first prize, the boy felt so excited that he could _______
speak.
6.Being ______ to nature not only allows us to enjoy the beauty of
the world, but also reminds me of the importance of protecting the environment.
7.The ship travelled far ________ to reach the east coast of Africa.
hardly
close
enough
8. (2025兰州)Believe me, there is no place _____and more convenient than China. It is the best choice for your next trip..
safer
9.(2025河南)The young Wu had to work very ________ to make a living.
pendium of Materia Medica（《本草纲目》） is still one of the most
important________ books in China.
hard
medical
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子或对话。
11. (2025河北)Some of the things are ___________ (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
interesting
12.(2025临沂)With the simple lyrics, beautiful melody, and __________(live) performances,
Yimeng Mountain Tune has become a symbol of Yimeng and a musical sign of Shandong.
lively
13.(2025河北)Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened _________ (recent).
14.(2025福建)Thirty-nine protectors work ________ (careful)in the area to protect the great wonder.
recently
carefully
15.(2025石家庄一模)The water was nice and warm and we played _______ (happy) together.
happily
16.I like playing tennis. I think nothing is _______________ （enjoyable） than
playing tennis.
more enjoyable
17.—Who got the first prize in this competition
—Of course Tom did. He worked ________ （hard） among us.
hardest
18.(2025长沙)They will also help you better understand yourself and others. _______(slow)but surely, you will fall in love with them.
19.The more ________（careful） you are, the ______（few）
mistakes you’ll make.
20.I prefer riding a bike to driving a car to work because it is
______（much） environmentally friendly.
Slowly
careful
fewer
more
Ⅲ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成语篇。
able difficult new almost usual shy alone anyway
little natural
Are you shy If you are，you are not 21.______. In fact，nearly 50% of
people are shy，and 22._______80% feel shy at some point in their lives. Why
are people 23._____
It is found that family size might cause people to be shy. Children with no
brothers or sisters may be shy. Growing up alone，they 24.________ play by
themselves. They are not 25._____to develop the same social skills as children
from big families.
alone
almost
shy
usually
able
Another cause of shyness could be technology. As more and more people use
the Internet，they spend 26._____time outside，talking to people. As a result，
they lose practice at conversation. 27.__________，speaking to new people face to
face can make them feel nervous.
For shy people，it can be 28.________to make friends，speak in class and
even get a good job. But scientists suggest trying 29._____things and practicing
conversations. 30._________，don’t be afraid of shyness. You are valued for what
you are.
less
Naturally
difficult
new
Anyway
Ⅳ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。(2025徐州改编)
On a Monday morning in Amsterdam, the work day began as usual for Jim. When finishing his coffee, Jim checked text messages 31. (care) on his phone. Then, he go his bag and went to the 32. (near) railway station. He wasn't there to take the train, though. Instead. Jim chose one of the public bicycles lined up outside the station. After unlocking a bike with a smart card, he set out for his job on the other side of the city. He joined other cyclists in the bike lanes ( 道 ), 33. (safe) separated from car traffic.
carefully
nearest
safely
Amsterdam wasn't always bicycle 34. (friend). In fact, cycling used to be 35. (danger), 36. (especial) during the second half of the twentieth century. This was a time of rapid growth in Amsterdam. As people got 37. (rich), they were able to afford expensive goods such as cars. For the first time, driving became popular. Highways were built for cars. This meant there was 38. (little) space for cyclists. Having had a long tradition of cycling, this was a big change for the city. As car traffic increased, so did the number of biking accidents. Many of the cyclists were children.
friendly
dangerous
especially
richer
less
People in Amsterdam were 39. (anger). They organized protests (抗议) in the city streets. Government officers listened. Hoping to solve the problem 40. (quick), they started to think of ways to make the city safe for cyclists again. Soon there were separate bike lanes, and some areas were closed to cars forever. The changes were so effective (有效的) that today Amsterdam is a model of biking safety for other cities around the world.
angry
quickly(共16张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项三 冠词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、不定冠词a/an的用法
用法 示例
表示泛指，翻译为“一个” There is a football behind the door. 门后有一个足
球。
指事物的单位，有“每一”的 意思 ①You’d better take this medicine three times a day.
你最好一天吃三次这个药。
②He goes to the library twice a week. 他一周去两
次图书馆。
表示同一类人或事物中的 任何一个 A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。
用法 示例
用于第一次提到的某人或 某物前 Jim lives in a small village. In the village，there is
an old tree. 吉姆住在一个小山村。在这个小山村
里，有一棵古老的树。
续表
用法 示例
用于某些物质名词或抽象 名词前，表示“一阵，一 类，一场”等 ①A heavy rain fell yesterday. 昨天下了一场大雨。
②Listening to music is a really good pleasure. 听音
乐真是一件令人愉悦的事情。
用于序数词前，表示“再 一，又一” She didn’t like this room and asked for a second
one.她不喜欢这个房间，又要了一间。
用于一些固定搭配中 have a good time玩得高兴；a number of许多；in a
hurry匆忙地
续表
二、定冠词the的用法
用法 示例
用于特指某（些）人或某 （些）事物 This is the city where my grandfather once
lived. 这是我（外）祖父曾经生活过的城市。
用于指谈话双方都知道的人或 事物 Would you mind my opening the window？ 你
介意我打开窗户吗？
用于复述上文提过的人或事物 （第一次提到用a或an，以后再 次提到用the） Mum bought me a dress, and the dress is very
beautiful.妈妈给我买了一条连衣裙，这条连衣裙
很漂亮。
用法 示例
用在序数词和形容词最高级前 ①Spring is the first season of a year. 春季是一
年中的第一个季节。
②This is the most interesting movie I have
ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比
地球大得多。
用在与play连用的乐器名词前 I practice playing the piano every day. 我每天
练习弹钢琴。
续表
用法 示例
用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示 一家人 The Whites are going to visit China next
month. 怀特一家人下个月打算来中国。
和某些形容词连用，表示一类 人或事物 The rich are not always happier than the poor.
富人也不总是比穷人开心。
用在可数名词单数前可以表示 一类人或事物 The panda is a cute animal. 熊猫是可爱的动
物。
用在世纪或“世纪+年代”名词前 in the 1960s在20世纪60年代
用在某些固定的表达中 in the morning 在早上；go to the cinema 去看
电影
续表
三、零冠词的用法
用法 示例
用在物质名词、抽 象名词、专有名词 前 ①We can’t live without water. 离开水，我们不能生存。
②Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐可以带给人们快
乐。
用在季节、月份、 星期、节日、假日 等名词前 ①Winter is my favorite season because I can make
snowmen. 冬天是我最喜爱的季节，因为我可以堆雪人。
②June 1st is Children’s Day. 六月一日是儿童节。
【注意】民族节日前要加the。如：the Spring Festival春节
用在表示泛指的复 数名词前 Books are our friends. 书是我们的朋友。
用法 示例
用在一日三餐的名 词前 I go to school without breakfast. 我没有吃早餐就去上学。
用在学科、语言、 游戏、球类运动、 棋类的名词前 ①My father often plays chess with me when he is free. 我
父亲有空的时候经常和我下国际象棋。
②My sister could speak Japanese at the age of five.我妹妹
五岁时就会说日语。
用在表示独一无二 的职位、头衔、称 呼的名词前 Uncle Wang is standing over there.王叔叔正站在那边。
续表
用法 示例
用在有物主代词、 指示代词、不定代 词等限定词修饰的 名词前 ①Miss Zhang is our English teacher. 张老师是我们的英语
老师。
②Some kids entered the park through that door. 一些孩子
从那扇门进入了公园。
用在表示交通方式 或通信方式的名词 前 ①Tom went to America by ship. 汤姆是坐船去的美国。
②Did you send the file by email？ 你是用电子邮件发送的
文件吗？
某些固定搭配中不 用冠词 at night 在晚上；at first 起初；on time按时；by hand手工
续表
Ⅰ.根据句意使用适当的冠词完成句子或对话。
1.(2025河北)At ____ end of the year,we get together to empty the jug. We take turns to read the“Good Things”aloud.
the
2. (2025烟台)Although this was ____ important chance to continue higher education, he said he had no regrets about his decision.
an
3.T(2025达州)—Karm,what are you doing
—I'm reading an article. ____ article is about Dazhou.
The
4.—Shenzhou-18 with three astronauts was sent up on April 25th, 2024.It’s such
____ exciting event.
—Yes. And the astronauts are our heroes. I want to be ___ useful person like
them.
an
a
5.—You’ve dropped ____ “f” in the word “giraffe”.
—Oh，____ letter “f” should be doubled.
an
the
6.(2025成都改编)I volunteered as ___ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend.
7.Steven is considered as ____ funniest student in the class and everyone likes
him.
8.Julie would like to go to ____ Palace Museum. She wants to learn about
Chinese history.
9.(2025石家庄一模)My grandmother is ____ amazing cook.
a
the
the
an
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的冠 词。(2025吉林改编)
Su Shi is widely known to us. He is one of 10. greatest poets of ancient China. He has 11. influence on people not only for his poems, but also for his optimistic (乐观的) spirit.
Born in 1037, Su Shi became jinshi (进士) at 12. age of 20. Not long after he started working for the government, he was punished. He was sent to far and poor areas.
Life was hard for Su Shi, but he tried to enjoy it. In 1080, he was sent to Huangzhou and stayed there for four years. He wrote Calming the Waves (《定风波》)there. It showed his hope and love for life in 13. face of difficulties. It is said that he invented Dongpo pork. It is 14. famous Chinese dish that is still common on the
an
the
the
the
a
dining table now. In 1097, he was sent to Danzhou. He wasn't sad about 15. life there, although he couldn't get used to it at first. Later, he set up schools and got along well with the locals.
Today we still love reading Su Shi's poems and look up to him because of his optimism.
the(共18张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项一 名词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
二、名词的数
1.可数名词
类型 例词
规 则 变 化 一般情况下名词后直接加- s map→maps地图，doctor→doctors医生
-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词后 一般加-es bus→buses公共汽车,box→boxes盒子
辅音字母加-y结尾的名 词，变-y为-i加-es baby →babies婴儿,study →studies书房
元音字母加-y结尾的名 词，直接加-s boy →boys男孩,day→ days天,key→ keys钥匙
类型 例词
规 则 变 化 以-f或-fe结尾的名词，变- f或-fe为-v，再加-es leaf →leaves叶子,knife→ knives刀
以-o结尾的名词，有些加- es,有些加-s tomato→ tomatoes番茄,potato →potatoes土豆,
hero→ heroes英雄,photo →photos照片
不 规 则 变 化 单复数同形 sheep羊,fish鱼,Chinese 中国人,Japanese 日本人
单复数不同形 woman→ women女人,foot →feet脚,man→ men
男人,
mouse→mice老鼠,tooth→ teeth牙齿,child
→children孩子
续表
2.不可数名词:主要是物质名词和抽象名词，这类名词没有复数形式，也不可以和
不定冠词连用。
不可数名词量的表达形式：
具体 的量 数词+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词 a piece of bread一片面包，ten
kilos of bamboo十千克竹子
大概 的量 表示量的限定词（some，much，little，a little，a lot of等）+不可数名词 some fruit一些水果，a lot of
food许多食物
3.部分名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，但意义有所不同。
名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数
chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 paper 报纸；文件 纸
fish 鱼 鱼肉 experience 经历 经验
orange 橙子 橙汁 room 房间 空间
fruit 水果（种类） 水果（总称） time 次数；倍数 时间
glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 life 生命 生活
light 电灯 光 work 作品 工作
三、名词所有格
形式 用法 构成 示例
’s所 有格 用于有生 命的及表 示时间、 距离、国 家、城市 等的名词 直接加’s Mike’s basketball 迈克的篮球，yesterday’s
newspaper昨天的报纸
以s结尾的 复数名词 只加’ Teachers’ Day 教师节，twenty minutes’ walk 步行
二十分钟
并列名词 所有格 Tom and John’s room 汤姆和约翰的房间
（共同拥有），Tom’s and John’s rooms汤姆的房间
和约翰的房间（各自拥有）
形式 用法 构成 示例
of所 有格 主要用于 无生命的 名词 A of B the name of the book 书名，
the middle of the park 公园中间
双重 所有 格 表示部分 或其中之 一 A of B’s a classmate of Mary’s 玛丽的一个同学，some
friends of my brother’s 我哥哥的一些朋友
续表
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2025河北)Over the past twelve ________(month), there have been many difficult things in our family.
2.Three fifths of the teachers in our school are _____ （man） teachers.
3.The three _______ upstairs are too small to have enough ______ for a double
bed.（room）
months
men
rooms
room
4.The ________（coach） of this team are trying their best to help the athletes
be better themselves.
5.(2025河南改编)After three ________ (year) of learning, he created the so-called shuti of landscape painting.
6.(2025石家庄一模)He tells me all kinds of interesting ______ (story) about my childhood.
7.The new dictionary isn’t mine. It’s someone ______ （else）.
8.(2025秦皇岛海港区一模)Ho w could I doubt my ___________ (sister)ability
9.After school we stayed in ________________ （Tom and Sam）house to finish
our homework.
10._________________（Lily and Alice） mothers can’t go to the meeting，
because they have gone to New York on business.
coaches
years
stories
else’s
sister’s
Tom and Sam’s
Lily’s and Alice’s
11.Doing housework helps to improve __________ （child）ability and teaches
them how to look after themselves.
children’s
12.—How far is it from Wuhan to Shijiazhuang？
—It’s about three _______（hour） ride by high-speed train.
hours’
13.The ___________ (key)you need are in the drawer where I put them yesterday.
advantages
14.Stonehenge is one of _________（Britain） historical places and it receives
many visitors every year.
Britain’s
Ⅱ.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
father photo radio mouse tooth
water German sheep thief leaf
15.When spring comes，flowers and _______ begin to show their beauty to nature.
16.“Stop them! They are ________.They have stolen my wallet!” an old man
shouted.
17.(2025保定竞秀区一模)She saw many amazing plants and took lots of _______of them.
18.It’s a good idea for students to learn English by listening to _______.
19.Look! There are some _______eating grass on the hill.
leaves
thieves
photos
radios
sheep
20.At that time，people made tea in a simple way. They just put fresh tea leaves
into hot_______.
21.More and more__________ want to learn about Chinese culture.
22.Lucy was surprised to see some ______ running inside her room at night.
23.Eating too many candies is harmful to your ______.It can also lead to some
serious disease.
24.Mr. Green is a friend of my________.
water
Germans
mice
teeth
father’s
Ⅲ.完形填空。
Beth is a young volunteer at Birmingham Hospital. For a few years, she was
always in and out of the . .25. ..She had believed hospitals were terrible places, but
she changed her mind when her brother was healthy again. Then she had a . .26. .
of becoming a medical worker.
She once saw . .27. . in the hospital, so she wanted to help them. When she
could do volunteer work, she called many hospitals and told them
her . .28. ..However, they all refused her because Beth’s age was under 18.Finally,
Beth came across the group called YPAG at Birmingham Hospital. She applied to
join it. To her . .29. ., the decision ended up making a difference to her life greatly.
25.( ) A.garden B.store C.zoo D.hospital
D
26.( ) A.duty B.style C.dream D.joke
C
27.( ) A.writers B.patients C.doctors D.teachers
B
28.( ) A.idea B.story C.task D.goal
A
29.( ) A.surprise B.sadness C.regret D.happiness
A
Ⅳ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In February 2025, Harbin held the Asian Winter Games. April to May saw Chinese table tennis 30. (play) at ITTF events. Tennis stars shone at January's Australian Open, with more exciting 31. (match) from May to September.
Chengdu hosted the 2025 World Games in August, welcoming over 4,000 32. (athlete) from more than 100 33. (country) to compete in sports.
November's 15th National Games took place in the Greater Bay Area, co-hosted by Hong Kong and Macao first. It had 34 sports and 23 mass sports 34. (activity), strengthening friendships. The 2025 35. (game) made it a big sports year.
matches
players
athletes
countries
activities
games(共12张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项十 动词的语态
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
1.不同时态的被动语态的构成
时态 被动语态结构及例句
一般现在 时 am/is/are+动词的过去分词
如：The room is cleaned （by her） every day.房间每天都（由她）
打扫。
一般过去 时 was/were+动词的过去分词
如：My car was stolen last night.我的车昨晚被偷了。
一般将来 时 will/shall（第一人称）/be going to+be+动词的过去分词
如：Some trees will be planted this week. 本周将会种一些树。
时态 被动语态结构及例句
现在完成 时 have/has been+动词的过去分词
如：The task has been finished by them. 任务已经被他们完成了。
含情态动 词 情态动词+be+动词的过去分词
如：The homework should be done carefully.应该认真做作业。
续表
2.主动语态变被动语态的方法
【注意】主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear，see，watch，notice等）和使役动词
（如make，let等）后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定
式符号to还原。
如：hear/see sb.do sth.→sb.be heard/seen to do sth.；make sb.do sth.→sb.be made
to do sth.
3.使用被动语态的情况
（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁。
如：Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。
（2）没有必要指出动作的执行者。
如：Smoking isn’t allowed in the gas station.加油站里不允许吸烟。
（3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
如：The new machine was invented by a young worker. 这台新机器是一个年轻
的工人发明的。
（4）句子的主语是物。
如：Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
4.主动结构表示被动意义的情况
（1）open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，burn，drive等词作不及物
动词且它们的主语为物时，可用主动结构表示被动意义。
如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
（2）look，sound，taste，smell等感官动词用主动结构表示被动意义。
如：Mooncakes taste very delicious.月饼尝起来很美味。
（3）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
如：This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
（4）want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+to be done， to be done为不定式
的被动结构。
如：Your car needs washing.=Your car needs to be washed.你的汽车需要清洗了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. (2025山西)Just think about how you would feel if all the classmates __________ (invite) to a party except you.
2.(2025河北)With pieces of paper in it, the jug ____________ (call)“Good Things Jug”.
3. (2025河北 )The electricity _____________ first____________
(use) by companies in the area, and the rest will be shared.
were invited
is called
will
be used
4.(2025宿迁)The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time,paper ____________ (produce) in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping.
5.(2025绥化)My father is too tired. Something should _________(do) to keep him relaxed.
6.— The pupils _________________ (give) useful advice during the past two years.
—It's lucky to have good teachers with them.
was produced
be done
have been given
7.—We planted lots of trees on Tree Planting Day.
—That's quite meaningful. To have a greenerworld, more trees should ____________ (plant) every year.
be planted
8.(2025兰州)The sweet memories in junior high school
____________________ (remember) forever.
will be remembered
9.How dirty your bedroom is！It needs _____________________
（clean）.
10.Shanghai Disneyland is well worth ________（visit）.We are all
looking forward to going there.
cleaning/to be cleaned
visiting
Ⅱ.词语运用。
Switzerland is a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes. Recycling
is an important part of Swiss culture and it 11._________（take） seriously in
this country.
In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper 12.______________
（separate） into different groups and then they are recycled. I learn about an
organization for recycling clothes. The organization collects old clothes from all
over the country and then divides them into different kinds. Some of the clothes
13._________（sell） in charity shops. Some are given to the poor. The rest of
them are sent to factories for recycling.
is taken
are separated
are sold
In my hometown, the government has some similar ways like that. Last week,
an old dress that I received on my 12th birthday 14._____________（collect） by
this organization. It was one of my favorite clothes but it was too small for me.
When it 15.___________（give） to the collectors, a feeling of satisfaction came
to me from the feet to my mind. Besides, there are other rules which
16.__________（make） to protect the environment. For example, if we drop litter
in a public place, we 17._________________（educate） and punished. What’s
worse, anything that is bad for nature is not allowed to be carried out.
Nature is our greatest treasure. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it
should 18._____________（protect） by us wisely. Remember that everyone can
do something to make a difference！
was collected
was given
are made
will be educated
be protected(共48张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项八 动词和动词短语
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、动词
1.动词的分类
分类 用法 示例
实 义 动 词 及物动 词 后边直接加宾语 I often play soccer after school.
不及物 动词 后无需接宾语，构成 “主语+谓语”的句型； 后跟宾语需加介词，构 成“主语+谓语+介词+宾 语”的句型 When the spring arrives,flowers come out.
We should listen to the teacher carefully.
分类 用法 示例
系 动 词 状态系 动词 表示主语所处的状态 be
续表
分类 用法 示例
系 动 词 感官系 动词 表示人体感官的系动词 taste,smell,sound,look，feel
表象系 动词 表示看起来/似乎处于某 种状态 appear,seem
变化系 动词 表示主语由一种状态变 换到另一种状态 go,get,turn,grow,become
持续系 动词 表示主语持续或保持某 种身份或状态 keep,stay,remain,stand
续表
分类 用法 示例
助动词 不可单独作谓语，必须 和其他动词连用构成谓 语 be（is,am,are,was,were,being,been）,do
（does,did）,have/has,shall,will等
续表
分类 用法 示例
情态动词 表情感和态度，不可单 独作谓语，情态动词后 面加动词原形构成谓语 may（might），can（could），should，
will，shall，need，must等
续表
2.情态动词及用法
（1）情态动词的基本用法
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
can 表示能力，意为“能，会” I can play the violin.我会拉小提
琴。
表示允许，意为“可以” You can play basketball on
weekends.你可以在周末打篮球。
表示请求，意为“可以” Can I borrow your bike？我能借一
下你的自行车吗？
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
can’t 表示否定，意为“不会，不能” I can’t go shopping with you.我不能
和你去购物了。
could can的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示 过去的能力 She could speak English when she
was a child．她小时候就会说英语。
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求，答语用 can，不用could —Could I use your book？我可以用
你的书吗？
—Yes，you can.是的，你可以。
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
could n’t 意为“不会，不能” I couldn’t drive a car before I left
school. 毕业前我不会开车。
may 表示请求、许可，意为“可以” May I go now？我现在可以走了
吗？
用于祈使句，表示祝福和祝愿，用法 和wish相似 May your dream come true.愿你的
梦想成真。
migh t may的过去式 He said he might come tomorrow.他
说他明天可能会来。
表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉 Might I borrow your book？我可以
借你的书吗？
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
must 表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定” You must finish the project by
Friday.周五之前你必须完成这个项
目。
must n’t must的否定形式，意为“一定不要， 禁止” You mustn’t play on the road.你一
定不要在马路上玩。
have to 意为“不得不，必须”，多表示客观需 要，有人称、时态和数的变化 I have to go now. My mother is
waiting for me.我现在得走了，我妈
妈在等我。
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
don’t have to 意为“不需要”，回答用must提问的问 句 —Must I clean the room now？我必
须现在打扫房间吗？
—No，you don’t have to.不，你不
必。
shoul d 意为“应该”，表示要求或命令，也可 以表示劝告或建议 We should protect the environment.
我们应该保护环境。
表示征询某人意见，常用于疑问句中 Should I trust him？我应该相信他
吗？
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
shoul dn’t 意为“不应该” You shouldn’t be so careless.你不应
该如此粗心大意。
need 作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑 问句中，意为“需要” You needn’t come if you are busy.
如果忙，你就不必来了。
need n’t need的否定式，意为“不需要，没必 要”，常用于must提问的否定回答 —Must I go with them？ 我必须跟
他们走吗？
—No，you needn’t.不，你不必。
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
will 表示询问、请求，用于疑问句中，常 用于第二人称 Will you join us for a drink？和我
们一起喝一杯好吗？
won’ t will的否定形式 His parents won’t let him come.他父
母不会让他来的。
woul d 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事 She said she would try her best to
help me.她说她愿意尽自己最大努力
来帮助我。
shall 表示请求或征求对方的意见，多用于 第一人称作主语的疑问句中 Shall I send you the book？我把书
给你寄过去好吗？
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
had bette r 意为“最好”，简略形式为’d better， 多用于第二人称，否定形式为 had better not You’d better stay at home now．你
现在最好待在家里。
续表
（2）情态动词表推测的用法
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
can’t 表示否定推测，意为“一定不， 不可能”（可能性几乎为零）， 语气强烈 Li Ming can’t be in the classroom. I
just saw him in the library.李明不可能在
教室，我刚刚在图书馆看见他了。
can/c ould 表示现在或将来的推测，意为 “可能；会”。can表推测时往往 用于否定句和疑问句，用于疑 问句时，can比could表示的“可 能性”更大；could可用于肯定 句、否定句和疑问句 The French book could be Alice’s. She
studies French.这本法语书有可能是艾丽
斯的，她学法语。
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测， 意为“一定，肯定”（100%的可 能性） The book must be Jenny’s. Her name is
on it．
这本书一定是珍妮的，这上面有她的名
字。
may 表示可能性，意为“有可能，也 许”，用于肯定句，表示把握不 大的推测 The girl may be lost．这个女孩有可能
迷路了。
may not 表示否定推测，意为“可能不”， 语气不确定 That may not be true．那可能不是真
的。
续表
情态 动词 含义及用法 例句
might 表推测，意为“有可能，也许”, 可能性低于may，语气缓和、较 委婉 John might come this evening，but I’m
not sure．
约翰今天晚上也许会来，但是我不确
定。
续表
（3）情态动词的疑问用法及答语
疑问用法及答语 例句
由may或might引出的一般 疑问句，肯定回答用 may/can，否定回答用 can’t/mustn’t —May/Might I sit here？ 我可以坐在这儿吗？
—Yes，you may/can./No，you can’t/mustn’t. 是的，
你可以。/不，你不能。
由must引出的一般疑问 句，肯定回答常用 must/have to，否定回答常 用 needn’t/don’t have to —Must I hand in my homework this afternoon？我
今天下午必须交作业吗？
—Yes，you must/have to./No，you needn’t/don’t
have to.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
疑问用法及答语 例句
回答由need引出的一般疑 问句时，肯定回答用 must/have to，否定回答用 needn’t/don’t have to —Need I do the work at once？ 我需要立刻做这项
工作吗？
—Yes，you must/have to. /No，you needn’t/don’t
have to. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
回答由could引出的一般疑 问句时，用can而不用could —Could I use your mobile phone？我可以用你的手
机吗？
—Yes，you can./No，you can’t.是的，你可以。/不，
你不可以。
续表
二、常见动词短语
1.同一动词型
come 短语 come on 加油；快点儿 come out 出现；出版 come over顺便
来访
come along 出现；进展 come up with 提出；想出 come back回
来
come up出现；升起 come down落下；崩塌 come in进来
come across（偶然）遇见 come true（希望、梦想等）实现
cut短 语 cut down削减；砍倒 cut up切碎 cut in插嘴
cut into侵犯；打断 cut out删去；停止 cut off切断；
中断
keep 短语 keep on继续下去 keep out留在外面 keep away
from远离
keep off使……不接近 keep up with 跟上
keep in touch with和……保持联系
续表
look短 语 look at看 look after 照顾；照料 look into调查
look out当心；留神 look up查阅；查找 look for寻找；
盼望
look around环顾 look over查看；检查 look through浏
览
look back回顾 look up to尊敬；钦佩 look forward
to盼望
look out for留心；注意察看 look like看起来像
续表
put短 语 put up举起；搭建；张贴 put down写下；放下 put back
把……放回原处
put into注入；投入 put away放好 put on穿上；
上演；增加
put out熄灭 put off推迟 put through接
通（电话）
续表
turn 短语 turn over翻身；（使）翻转 turn out结果是；证明是
turn on打开（电灯等）
turn off关闭（电灯等） turn away把……拒之门外 turn up开大；
调高
turn down调低，关小；拒绝 turn in上交；归还 turn to求助于
turn around（使）转身
get短 语 get up起床 get on上车（船、飞机等） get off下车
（船、飞机等）
get down下来 get into进入；陷入 get to到达
get back回来
续表
go短 语 go on继续 go away走开；离开；消失 go ahead进
行；前进
go along继续前进；沿着……走
go by（时间）流逝 go over复习；仔细检查
go off爆炸；（警报等）响起 go down下降 go up上升；
增长
go out熄灭；出去（娱乐） go through通过 go back返回
续表
give短 语 give up放弃 give in屈服；让步 give away捐
赠；泄露
give out散发；分发 give over停止；交出 give back归
还；恢复
续表
take短 语 take up占用；开始从事 take down写下；记下 take away带
走；拿走
take over接收；接管 take out拿出；除去；扣除 take care of照
顾
take place举行；发生 take pride in以……为傲 take part in参
加
take after（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像
take the place of 代替
续表
2.同一介词/副词型
for短语 ask for 请求 care for关心；关怀 leave for动
身去
cheer for为……加油 pay for为……付钱 prepare for
为……做准备
search for搜寻；寻找 send for派人去请 stand for代
表；象征
wait for等待 thanks for因……而感谢
up短语 add up加起来；合计 bring up提出；养育；培养 cheer up使
振奋
clean up清理；打扫 use up用完；用尽 call up打电
话
dress up穿上盛装；装扮 eat up吃光 end up最终成为；最后处于
fix up修理；修补 stay up熬夜 tidy up整
理；收拾
grow up成长；长大 hurry up赶快
续表
out短语 blow out 吹灭 break out（战争、火灾等）突然发生；爆发 point out指
出
bring out使显现；使变得明显 carry out 执行；贯彻 find out查明；发
现
续表
down短 语 break down停止运转；出故障 calm down平静下来 slow down
放慢速度
die down变弱；逐渐消失
fall down倒塌；跌倒 knock down拆除；撞倒；击倒
lie down躺下 pull down拆掉；拆毁 look down
俯视；轻视
sit down坐下 shut down关闭；停业 write down
写下；记下
续表
away 短语 blow away驱散；吹走 get away离开；逃脱 pass away去
世
fly away飞走 run away逃跑 throw away
扔掉
about短 语 argue about争论 bring about引起；造成 care about关
心；在意
hear about听说 hang about闲逛 talk about谈
论
think about考虑 worry about担心
续表
at短语 aim at瞄准；旨在 laugh at嘲笑 arrive at到
达（小地方）
knock at敲 point at 指向…… smile at
冲……微笑
shout at对……大喊 stare...at凝视；盯着看
续表
off短语 run off流失；逃跑 drop off入睡；下降 fall off减
少；跌落
leave off停止；中断 shut off关闭；切断 pay off偿清
（欠款等）
ring off挂断电话 send off发送；邮寄 set off动
身；启程
show off炫耀 give off（散）发出；放出（气味、热、
光等）
续表
on短语 agree on就……达成共识 call on号召；拜访 depend on依
靠；依赖
feed on以……为食 focus on集中于 hold on别挂
电话；坚持
keep on继续前行 pass on传递 try on试穿 work on从事于；忙于
续表
with短 语 agree with同意 begin with以……开始 compare
with与……相比
connect with与……相连 catch up with追上；赶上 fall in love with爱
上（某人或某物）
deal with解决；处理 go with伴随 play with
和……一起玩
part with放弃；交出（难舍之物） stay/keep in touch with与……保持
联系
share with与……分享 talk with和……交谈
续表
in短语 break in 强行闯入；打断 bring in引入 check in报
到；登记
fill in填写 result in导致；引起 hand in上交
take in吸收；收入 believe in信任；信赖
续表
Ⅰ.根据句意填入合适的动词完成句子或对话。
1.(2025重庆)We should never ______ up in the face of difficulties.
2.(2025天津)People can _______ friends when they are playing football.
give
make
3.(2025临沂)At the same time, I understood that they ________pride in everything good that I do..
take
5.(2025山西)For example, if a disabled person thinks “I want to drink water”, a robotic arm can _______ up a cup, fill it with water, lift it carefully to the person's mouth, and finally put it back.
4.(2025天津)Children in Europe, Asia, and South America spend much time_______football.
playing
pick
6.(2025广东)Unlike traditional libraries, this one doesn't require its readers to ______ the books. Instead, it encourages them to pass those books on to someone else when they've finished reading.
return
7.(2025兰州)Self-confidence is a kind of power. It can _____ out the best in all of us.
8.(2025吉林)This brought a shower of sparks (火花) .It was beautiful and it ______like fireworks.
bring
looked
9.(2025石家庄一模)Anna wants everyone to think about their own habits. For example, people often buy many cheap things, but the things_______ up in the waste quickly.
end
10.—I _______ from Mike on Monday. He invited us to visithis hometown in his letter.
—Do we accept his invitation We haven’t met him for 3 years.
11.—W hich school club should I choose
—It on what skills you want to develop.
12. I know how busy you are and I won't up too much of your time.
13. On the first day of Chinese New Year, we on new clothes and visit people.
14. She always to school on time. She has never been late for school.
15. For your own safety, please away from tiger cage while visiting the zoo.
heard
depends
take
put
gets
keep
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16.The man in blue _______（seem） friendly because he always talks to others
with a smile.
17. (2025福建)Since last year,our school has ________ (offer)free breakfasts to students in need.
18.(2025天津)Martin often _______(go)out to relax himself during holidays.
19.(2025攀枝花)I'm sorry I didn't answer your call just now. Because I was ________(learn) knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom.
seems
offered
goes
learning
20.It seems that Han Mei has ______________(change)a lot in the last five years.
21.Playing with a knife is dangerous. It may ______（hurt） you.
22.(2025云南)We will ________ (take)action to stop water pollution near the lake tomorrow.
23. (2025兰州)Look,the kids are _________ (jump)rope in the sports field during the 15-minute break.
24.(2025河南)No wonder Wu Daozi is __________ (consider)as a“Sage of Art(画圣)”in China.
changed
hurt
take
jumping
considered
25.Not only I but also my father _______（enjoy） watching football games in
the evening. We are both football fans.
enjoys
Ⅲ.根据句意使用适当的情态动词完成句子或对话。
26.(2024攀枝花)—______we make a meal for our grandparents on Double Ninth Festival —Good idea. Let's do it right now.
Shall
27.Having an ice-cream in the hot summer ______ be cool.
must
28.(2025乐山)— _______I have your family name
—Of course. It's Smith.
May
29.(2025长春)The water bottle _____ be Mr. Liu's. The name on the bottle isn't his.
30.(2025天津)Yout ___________ tell Jim the good news because I've told him already.
can’t
needn’t
Ⅳ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。( 2025石家庄一模改编)
Modern technology helps protect Chinese disappearing art and culture. There's a project 31. (call) ChinaVine, and through it, people can 32. (use) modern technology to share Chinese culture on the Internet. That 33. (bring) some traditional Chinese art back to life.
“Many traditions are in the countryside. However, more and more people are 34.
(move) to cities for work,” explained Congdon, a leader of the project. Because of this, some folk traditions are changing or being lost. The Chinese view their traditional culture as an important part of history. “The valuable traditions should 35.
(protect),” he said.
called
use
brings
moving
be protected
To help people learn about China's cultural heritage (遗产), the project 36.
(make) a website. Its members visited Chinese villages. They took pictures and noted down details (细节) about the old art forms there. They also took videos of local people. ,In these videos, the locals create art and share their culture with other people. Then the project members put these videos on the website.
Batchler, a student from the US, is a member of the project. He said, “ChinaVine hopes anyone who 37. (have) an interest in China can join us. I 38. (travel) around 30 Chinese villages and made many videos about local culture so ar.”
The materials on its website are open for all to use. This allows people from all corners of the world to easily 39. (know) about the rich Chinese culture. Congdon said, “We want to add more materials to the website so that the whole world 40.
(learn) more about the Chinese in the future.”
made
has
have travelled
know
will learn(共15张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项六 连词
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、常见的并列连词
并列连词 含义 例句
and 和，又，及 He is laughing and talking.他有说有笑。
but 但是，可是 （表转折） He is poor，but honest.他很穷，但很诚实。
or 或者（表选择） Would you like tea or coffee 你要茶还是咖啡
so 因此，所以 （表结果） He was ill，so he couldn’t go to school
yesterday.他病了，所以昨天没能去上学。
both...and... 两者都 Both you and she are right.你和她都是对的。
并列连词 含义 例句
not only...but also... 不但……而 且…… Not only you but also everyone here likes
watching football matches.不仅你,这里的每个人
都喜欢看足球比赛。
either...or... 或者……或 者……;要么…… 要么…… Either he or I am right.不是他对就是我对。
neither...nor... 既不……也 不…… Neither the twins nor Li Lei has been to
Shanghai.这对双胞胎和李雷都没去过上海。
续表
二、常见的从属连词
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 时间 when 当……时 The students were talking when the teacher came
in.老师进来时，学生们正在讲话。
while 当……时 I was doing my homework while my father was
watching TV.我在做作业，我爸爸在看电视。
表示 时间 after 在……之 后 I’ll go to play football after I finish my
homework.我做完作业后就去踢足球。
before 在……之 前 Please turn off the light before you leave the
room.你离开房间前请把灯关掉。
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 时间 till/until 直到…… 为止 I’ll wait till/until he arrives.我将一直等到他来。
not...until/ till 不到…… 不 She won’t get home till/until it gets dark.她直到天
黑才回家。
as soon as 一……就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北
京就给你打电话。
since 自从…… He has lived here since 1980.他自1980年以来一直
住在这里。
续表
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 条件 if 如果 We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.如果不下
雨，我们就去野餐。
unless 除非，如 果不 They will have a picnic unless it rains next
Sunday.除非下周日下雨，否则他们将去野餐。
表示 原因 because 因为 He didn’t come because he was ill.他没来是因为他
病了。
since 因为；既 然 Since we have got ready for it，let’s set off.既然
我们已经准备好了，那我们就出发吧。
as 因为 As I’m not at home，please leave a message.因为
我不在家，请留言。
续表
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 目的 so that/in order that 以便于;为 了 ①He got up early so that/in order that he could
get there in time.他起得很早，以便能及时赶到那
里。
②He works hard in order that/so that he can go
to a good college.为了能上一所好大学，他努力学
习。
续表
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 结果 so...that 如此…… 以至 于…… The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.这个箱
子太重了，我们搬不动。
such...that 如此…… 以至 于…… It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it
away.这是一个很重的箱子，没有人能搬动它。
续表
分类 连词 含义 例句
表示 让步 though/alt hough 虽然 Although/Though he is old，he is very strong.尽管
他年纪大了，但他很强壮。
表示 比较 as 像……一 样 Do as you like.请自便。
as...as... 和……一 样 He ran as fast as Mike.他跑得和迈克一样快。
not as...as 不及…… It isn’t as easy as you think.这并不像你想的那么
容易。
than 比…… She jumped higher than Rose.她跳得比罗斯高。
续表
Ⅰ.根据句意使用适当的连词完成句子或对话。
1. (2025河北)Jim ________________ I went camping with our parents.
and
2.(2025广东)Mike says he likes Guangzhou very much _______ the city is full of life. He lives in a traditional neighborhood.
because
3.We can’t go swimming _______ our parents are with us.
unless
4.(2025兰州)However, _____ I was going to pay,I found I had left my bag on the scooter.
5.(2025山西)For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test_____ when he hears a funny joke.
6.(2025绥化改编)Chen Chao still sticks to teaching his English ________he is busy working now.
7.(2025陕西改编)Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees' leaves and roots take in rainwater ________ it gets to the dirty sewers.
8.(2025保定一模)Several boys tried catching fish in the river, ____ their teacher stopped them.
9.We’d better do____what the teacher said so as to improve our learning skills.
10.(2025石家庄一模)It was my first time to swim in the lake, ___ I was a little nervous.
when
or
though
before
but
as
so
Ⅱ.从方框中选择适当的单词补全短文。
when before because so
although but that and
The school talent show was coming! I was so excited 11.________ I liked
singing very much. I wanted to take part in it，12.____I entered for（报名参加）
it at once. Then the first audition（试唱） came. I was in such a hurry 13._____
I didn’t get fully prepared. It was my first time to sing in front of so many
people.14.__________ I did my best，I was still nervous.15._______ I finished，
the only problem was that I wasn’t loud enough. It was such a great challenge
for me because I was a quiet girl，16._____I knew I had to get over it.
because
so
that
Although
When
but
I chose to sing the song A Little Happiness. When I practiced during my
free time，I realized that you never knew how hard it was to sing a song
17._______ you sang it. I needed to pay attention to not only the song I was
singing，but also my facial expressions. Until the week before the audition，I still
couldn’t remember the lyrics because I was nervous. But as I kept practicing，I
got better and better.
On the day we performed，I took a deep breath（呼吸） and tried to be
calm. Finally，the show was successful. The school talent show was a good
experience for me，18._____ I had learned a lot from it.
before
and(共20张PPT)
第二部分 核心语法 高分特训
专项十四 构词法
核心知识 梳理精讲
题型应用 高分特训
一、合成法
将两个或两个以上的单词组合起来的新词叫作合成词。
类型 构成方式及示例
复合名词 名词+名词：classroom 教室； sunflower 向日葵； basketball 篮
球;daydream 白日梦；
名词+动词：sunrise 日出；sunset日落；haircut 理发;
形容词+名词：blackboard 黑板； greenhouse 温室； highway 公路；
动词+副词：get-together 聚会；聚集； breakdown 崩溃,分解；
动词+名词：playground 操场；bathroom 浴室；
名词+动名词：handwriting 书法；storytelling 讲故事；
副词+名词：outbreak 爆发
类型 构成方式及示例
复合动词 形容词+动词：dry-clean 干洗；
名词+动词：sleepwalk 梦游
续表
类型 构成方式及示例
复合形容 词 名词+动名词:mouth-watering 令人垂涎的; time-saving 省时的;
名词+过去分词:man-made 人工制造的；hand-made 手工的;
名词+形容词:homesick 想家的;worldwide 全世界的;
形容词+名词+-ed: warm-hearted 热心的;white-haired 白发的;
形容词+现在分词:good-looking 美貌的; easy-going 悠闲的,随和的;
形容词+过去分词:readymade 现成的; newborn 新生的,初生的;
副词+现在分词:hard-working 努力工作的;
副词+过去分词:well-known 众所周知的 ;newly-built 新建的;
数词+名词+形容词:six-year-old 六岁大的; two-meter-long 两米长的
续表
类型 构成方式及示例
复合副词 副词+名词:outdoors在户外;downstairs 往楼下
复合代词 不定代词+名词:anything任何事
续表
二、派生法
在一个单词前面加前缀或后面加后缀构成的新词叫作派生词。
通过给词根加前缀构成另一个词。前缀大多数不造成词性的转换，但能引起词
义的变化，初中阶段常见的前缀大多属于否定前缀。
1.常见否定前缀
dis-不；无 disappear 消失; dislike 不喜欢; disagree 不同意;dishonest 不诚实
的
im-不；相反 的 impossible不可能的; impatient 不耐烦的;impolite 不礼貌的；粗鲁
的
un-不 unhappy 不开心的; uncomfortable不舒服的;unlike不像;unlucky 不
幸运的
in-不；非 inexpensive不贵的;incorrect 不正确的
mis-错误的 misunderstanding 误解
2.其他前缀
inter-在……之间，相互 Internet 互联网;international 国际的;interview 采访
over-过于；外面的；在上 面 overuse 过度使用;overtired 过度劳累的
re-再；又 retell 复述;return 回来，返回;recall 回忆起,召
回;review 复习
super-超级 supermarket 超市;superstar 超级明星; superman超人
under-在……下面；不足 underground 地铁
【注意】个别前缀也可以引起词性的变化，如 en-可以和名词或形容词构成动词：
enable，enlarge，encourage;a-可以和名词构成形容词：asleep，awake。
3.常见后缀
通过给词根加后缀构成另一个词。后缀主要会带来词性的改变，同时还能改变
词义。
类型 示例
名词变 形容词 -an European 欧洲（人）的
-al traditional 传统的;national 民族的; musical 音乐的
-en wooden 木制的 golden 金色的
-ern eastern 东方的
-ical chemical 化学的
-ous humorous 幽默的;dangerous 危险的
-ly friendly 友好的;weekly每周的
-y lucky幸运的;dirty 肮脏的;rainy 下雨的;sleepy 困的
类型 示例
名词变 名词 -n，-an，-ian Australian澳大利亚人;European 欧洲人;musician 音
乐家
-ese Chinese 中国人;Japanese 日语
-ist artist 艺术家;scientist 科学家;pianist 钢琴家
-ship leadership 领导（力）;friendship 友谊
续表
类型 示例
动词变 形容词 -able comfortable 舒服的; enjoyable 快乐的
-d,-ed surprised 感到吃惊的;moved 感动的;relaxed 放松的;
interested 感兴趣的
-ing interesting 有趣的;exciting 令人兴奋的
-ive active 有活力的;attractive 迷人的
-ful careful 仔细的;helpful 有帮助的; useful 有用的
-less careless 粗心的;useless 无用的;homeless 无家可归的
续表
类型 示例
动词变 名词 -er，-or，-ress teacher 教师;inventor 发明家;waitress 女服务员
-ing building 建筑;meeting 会议，会面
-ment movement 移动;development 发展
-ion/-tion/-ation/- sion education教育;competition比赛;invention发
明;translation翻译;decision 决定
形容词 变副词 -ly carefully 细心地;slowly 慢地
变y为i加-ly happily 开心地;angrily 愤怒地;busily 忙碌地;heavily
沉重地
去e加-y 或加-ly truly 真正地;possibly 可能地;terribly 非常
续表
类型 示例
形容词 变名词 -dom freedom 自由，自主
-th truth 事实;warmth 温暖
-ty safety 安全
-ness illness 疾病;coldness 寒冷; happiness 幸福
续表
三、转化法
转化法是指把一个单词从一种词性转化为另一种词性的方法。单词转化后的意
义往往与之前的意义联系密切。
词类转化 例词
名词→动词 water n. 水→v.浇水 show n. 展览；展示→v.表演；展出
color n. 颜色→v.染色 book n.书→v.预定
动词→名词 walk v. 散步；走→n.散步 stop v.停止→n.车站
talk v.谈论→n.谈话 drive v.开车→n.驱车旅行
形容词→名词 daily adj.日常的→n.日报 final adj.最后的；最终的→n.决赛
形容词→动词 slow adj.慢的→v.放慢 clean adj.清洁的；干净的→v.清扫
dirty adj.脏的→v.弄脏 dry adj.干燥的→v.把……弄干；变
干
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.(2025福建)“As long as we are here,we will protect this wall.It is our job and our _______(proud),"said one of the protectors.
2.(2025保定一模)The teacher said,“ _______(safe) comes first.”
3.The __________ (interest) story in the book caught the boy's attention and he couldn't put it down.
4.(2025山 西 )I was really ______________ (surprise)to find I had been wrong all my life—business people are a lot cooler than I thought.
pride
Safety
interesting
surprised
5.(2025菏泽)Xue Tan became a student of Qin Qing, a great ________ (music)known for his magical voice.
6.(2025徐州)5G-A is supposed to serve 50 million ________ (use), according to People’s Daily.
7.(2025宿迁)In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished fourth in the race, while the top three entered China's national swimming team (successful).
musician
users
8.—Peter, the music sounds too ______ （noise）.Please turn it down.
—Sorry, I’ll do it at once.
noisy
9.(2025苏 州 )Soon,her tea house was always crowded with ________ (visit), including students and business people from many places.
visitors
successfully
10.Jim has gone to bed This is very _________ （usual）.He
always stays up late.
11.(2025天津)Scientists think people are causing this change by _______________(burn)a lot of coal and oil.
unusual
burning
Ⅱ.阅读下面的短文，填入括号中所给词的正确形式。
I believe that we can have an important influence on anyone we meet. The
right words at just the right time could change 12.__________ （someone） life.
When I was a 13.______________ （three years old） kid,my parents
discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf
children，they decided to put me in a normal school.
On my first day，the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid
（助听器） and the way I talked. It made me 14._______ （bad） hurt.
Although I seemed outgoing，my self-esteem （自尊）was 15.______ （true）
low. I 16.________ （think） of myself as an ugly kid.
someone’s
three-year-old
badly
truly
thought
Mrs. Jordan，my teacher，changed all of that with a 17._______ （simply）
three-word phrase.
One morning，she asked the class a question. I read her lips and raised my
hand right away. She called on me. I took a deep 18._______ （breathe） and
nervously answered Mrs. Jordan’s question.
I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed 19.________
（direct） at me. With shining eyes and a big smile，she cried，“That’s right，
Stephen!”
For the first time in my young life，my 20.___________ （confident）
soared（增强） like never before.
At that moment，I decided that no matter how many 21.___________
（difficult） I may face，I can overcome them. Just from those three simple
words，my whole life was changed.
simple
breath
directly
confidence
difficulties

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