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https://book.21cnjy.com/studio/detail id=2032
What is amazing about nature
(Section A Grammar)
人教版（2024） 八年级下册
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 总结和梳理大数字的表达法；复习并巩固形容词和副
词的比较级和最高级的用法。
2. 掌握有关地理之最，并能正确描述其长度、宽度、高
度、深度及面积等信息。
3. 整合课内外地理信息，运用所学内容完成对自然奇观
的综合介绍与多维度对比，实现知识的迁移与创新。
Learning objectives
Review
Dead Sea is __________ place on earth. Its surface is _____________ below sea level.
416 metres
Look and fill in the blanks.
the lowest
Mount Qomolangma is ___________ mountain in the world. It’s _______ ________ high.
the highest
8,848.86
metres
Sahara Desert is __________ desert in the world. It’s about __________ _________________ in size.
the biggest
square kilometres
9,000,000
Mariana Trench is ___________ point in the ocean. It’s about _____________ deep.
the deepest
11,000 meters
The Yangtze River is __________ river in China. It’s about _______ ____________ long.
the longest
6,300
kilometres
The Yellow River is ____________ ________ river in China. It’s about _________________ long.
the second
longest
5,464 kilometres
Thinking
Can you read the large numbers correctly
The Dead Sea’s surface is 416 metres below sea level.
Mount Qomolangma is 8,848.86 metres high.
Sahara Desert is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres deep.
The Yangtze River is about 6,300 kilometres long.
The Yellow River is about 5,464 kilometres long.
大数字的表达与读法
1000以上的基数词的表示法：先从右至左，每三位数加一个逗号（即以此把数目分为若干段）。第一个逗号前的数的单位为thousand（千），第二个逗号前的数的单位为million（百万），第三个逗号前的数的单位为billion（十亿）。
Grammar
hundred
52637
5
fifty-two
1. 从数字右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗号；
2. 第一个逗号前的数为thousand（千）；
3. 读的时候通常在hundred后加and。
thousand
and
2
,
6
3
7
thousand
six hundred and thirty-seven
million
and
sixty-three billion,
thousand
1. 从数字右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗号；
2. 第一个逗号前的数为thousand（千）；第二个逗号
前的数为million（百万）；第三个逗号前的数为
billion（十亿）
3. 读的时候通常在hundred后加and，如果百位数为0，
则在thousand后加and。
2
3
,
1
0
6
3
,
8
9
3
5
,
7
billion
eight hundred and ninety-three million,
two hundred and thirty-one thousand,
and fifty-seven
英语没有“万”这个单位，
表示“万”须借用 thousand，
如“一万”用“十个千(ten thousand)” 表示，
“十万”用“百个千(one hundred thousand)”表示。
注意：
5,764
88,649
265,468
19,357,095
five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-four
eighty-eight thousand, six hundred and forty-nine
two hundred and sixty-five thousand, four hundred and sixty-eight
nineteen million, three hundred and fifty-seven thousand, and ninety-five
用英语读出下列数字。
Write or spell out the numbers.
1. Mount Kilimanjaro is ________ (five thousand, eight hundred
and ninety-five) metres high.
2. _________ (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight)
cubic metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second.
3. The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (_______________)
miles long.
4. The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000
(_____________________________________) square kilometres.
5, 895
three hundred and thirty-seven thousand
25, 768
four thousand
4b
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. Read the sentences. Circle the adjectives which compare things. Underline the adverbs which compare actions.
4a
Thinking
仔细观察下列句子，在对比两者或两者以上的事物时，运用了形容和副词的哪几种形式？
What is the biggest desert in the world
Where is the deepest point in the ocean
Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others.
Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller.
The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long.
最高级
原级
比较级
一、概述：
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，即原级、比较级和最高级。比较级主要用于两者之间作比较。最高级主要用于三者或三者以上进行比较。
1. 一般在词尾加 -er, -est
high higher highest
二、比较级和最高级的构成：
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾，只加-r, -st
late later latest
3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写词尾加-er, -est
big bigger biggest
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er, -est
busy busier busiest
5. 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more，most
expensive more expensive most expensive
6. 不规则构成：
good /well better best
bad /badly worse worst
much /many more most
far farther /further farthest /furthest
little less least
old older /elder oldest /eldest
三、比较级的基本用法：
Tom is taller than me. 汤姆比我高。
The cheetah runs faster than the tiger. 猎豹比老虎跑得快。
1. 用于A+比较级+than +B结构。
The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 吃的越多，你就越胖。
The higher you climb a mountain, the thinner the air becomes.
你爬山爬得越高，空气就变得越稀薄。
2. 用于the +比较级…, the+比较级结构。
In spring, it’s getting warmer and warmer.
在春天，天气变得越来越暖和。
Our city is becoming nicer and nicer.
我们的城市变得越来越美了。
3. 用于比较级+and+比较级结构。
The Internet is becoming more and more important in our daily life.
互联网在我们的日常生活中变得越来越重要。
He is studying more and more carefully. 他学习越来越仔细了。
Beijing is the bigger city of the two cities.
=Of the two cities, Beijing is the bigger one.
北京是这两座城市中较大的。
Tom is the taller of the two boys.
=Of the two boys, Tom is the taller one.
汤姆是这两个男孩中较高的。
4. 用于the +比较级+名词+ of the two+名词或代词结构。
He is taller than any other student in his class.
他比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
Beijing is bigger than any other city in China.
北京比中国的其他任何一个城市都大。
Beijing is bigger than any city in Japan.
北京比日本的任何一个城市都大。
Fang Duoxue is taller than any student in Grade Six.
方多学比六年级的任何一个学生都高。
5. 用于比较级+than +any other +单数名词结构。
6. 用于比较级+than +any +单数名词结构。
(同一范围)
(不同范围)
He is taller than any other student in his class.
他比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
He is taller than all the other students in his class.
He is taller than anyone else in his class.
He is clever than any of the other students.
7. 用于比较级+than all the other +复数名词结构。
改为同义句
8. 用于比较级+than anyone/ anything else结构。
9. 用于比较级+than any of the other+复数名词结构。
Which waterfall is larger, the Hukou Waterfall or the Huangguoshu Waterfall
哪个瀑布更大，壶口瀑布还是黄果树瀑布？
Our country is much larger than Japan. 我国比日本大多了。
10. 用于Who/Which is +比较级，…or… 结构。
11. 有些表示程度的词可以用来修饰形容词的比较级，主要有
以下单词：much，even，far，a bit，still，a little等等。
The room is a bit larger than that one.
这个房间比那个稍大一点。
Are you feeling better today 你今天感觉好一些了吗？
12. 比较级有时可单独使用，其比较的对象暗含于句中。
Be more careful next time. 下次，小心点。
She hoped to get a better job. 她希望得到一份更好的工作。
Further discussion will take place tomorrow.
进一步的讨论将于明天进行。
四、使用比较级时的注意事项：
1. 比较的对象必须一致。
Our classroom is bigger than yours (=your classroom).
我们的教室比你们的（教室）大。
2. 有时为了避免重复，可用that/one或those/ones代替前面提到的
词，而且that/one或those/ones不能省略。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Hainan in winter.
冬天，北京的天气比海南的（天气）冷。
The apples in this bag are bigger than those in that bag.
这个袋子里的苹果比那个袋子里的（苹果）大。
五、同级比较句型
This box is as big as that one. 这个箱子和那个一样大。
1. ... as + 原级 + as ...
2. ... not so /as + 原级 + as ...
He didn’t run so /as fast as Tony. 他跑得不如托尼快。
This box isn’t so /as big as mine. 这个箱子不如我的大。
六、含有not as/so ... as的句子也有比较的含义，可以和含有比
较级的句子进行转换。
Tom is not as short as Tim. 汤姆没有蒂姆矮。
Tim is not as tall as Tom. 蒂姆没有汤姆高。
Tim is shorter than Tom. 蒂姆比汤姆矮。
Tom is taller than Tim. 汤姆比蒂姆高。
=
=
=
七、最高级的基本用法：
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
北京是世界上最大的城市之一。
1. 用于“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”结构。
Tom is one of the most popular students in our school.
汤姆是我们学校最受欢迎的学生之一。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
Jim is the third tallest boy in our class.
吉姆是班里第三高的孩子。
2. 用于“the +序数词+形容词或副词最高级(+可数名词单数+in
短语)，意为‘（在......是)第几......的......’”结构。
China is the largest country in Asia. 中国是亚洲最大的国家。
He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班上个子最高的男孩。
3. 用于三者或三者以上的事物的比较。通常用介词of，in，among
引出短语或从句表示比较的范围。介词in和of引导的短语说明比
较的范围。如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in，如果在同一
类事物范围内进行比较用of。
China is the largest one of all the Asian countries.
中国是亚洲所有国家中最大的。
He is the tallest one of all the boys. 他是所有男孩中最高的。
Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Tianjing
那个城市最大，北京，上海还是天津？
Who is the tallest boy, Tom, John or Bill
谁最高，汤姆，约翰还是比尔？
4. 用于“疑问词+ be + the +最高级+比较范围？”结构。
Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or fall
你最喜欢哪个季节，春季，夏季还是秋季？
Who does homework (the) most carerully, Tom, Jack or Bill
谁做作业最认真，汤姆，杰克还是比尔？
5. 用于“疑问词+助动词+ ... (+the) +最高级+比较范围？”结构
6. 用比较级表达最高级的几种情况：
He is taller than any other student in his class.
他比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
Beijing is bigger than any city in Japan.
北京比日本的任何一个城市都大。
He is taller than all the other students in his class.
He is taller than anyone else in his class.
He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
He is the tallest student in his class.
7. 否定词与比较级连用可表达最高级的含义。
--What do you think of the movie
你认为这部电影怎么样？
--Great! I have never seen a better one.
棒极了！我从没看过（比这）更好的电影。
I have never heard a better voice than yours.
我从未听过比你的嗓音更好的。
8. 最高级的常用修饰语有序数词以及by far (最；很), nearly
(几乎), almost (几乎) 等。
Tourism has become the second largest industry in the country.
旅游业已成为该国的第二大产业。
This is by far the best song that I’ve ever heard.
这是我听过的最好听的歌曲。
This tree is almost /nearly the tallest one.
这棵树几乎是最高的。
八、最高级使用注意事项：
This is my busiest day. 这是我最忙的一天。
This is a most interesting story. 这是一个很有趣的故事。
1. 当形容词最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，
最高级前不用定冠词the。
2. 形容词最高级前如果没有the，就没有比较的意思， 只是加
强语气，有“很”、“非常”之意。
at least 至少
3. 含有最高级的习惯用语：
at most 最多不过
do one’s best 尽全力
make the most of 充分利用
the longest 最长；至多（不超过某一特定时间）
make the best of （在不利的条件下）充分利用，尽力而为
at one’s best 在……全盛时期，在……最好的状态
Do you remember the picture Do you know the name of the waterfall
It’s Victoria Falls.
Let’s read a passage and learn about it.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
large amazing far close loud
4c
My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world’s _________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went _________ to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew louder and _______. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ____ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and
become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but
also the ______________ experience of our trip!
Let’s watch a video and check the answers.
large amazing far close loud
My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world’s _________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went _________ to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew louder and _______. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ____ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and
become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but
also the ______________ experience of our trip!
largest
closer
louder
far
most amazing
Write some questions to compare places. Then ask a partner your questions.
What is the highest...
Which park is bigger, ... or ...
4d
A: What is the highest tower in China
B: It’s the Shanghai Tower.
A: Which park is bigger, Hyde Park or Greenwich Park
B: Hyde Park.
A: What’s the deepest lake in the world
B: It’s Lake Baikal.
A: Which river is longer, the Yangtze River or the Nile River
B: The Nile River.
Possible version
Section A (Grammar Focus)
Grammar:
Summary
2. 形容词、副词最高级变化规则
3. 比较级的用法
4. 最高级的用法
1. 大数字的表达与读法
1. Mr. Zhang’s house is _______ (large) than Mr. Wang’s.
2. The little girl walked into the classroom very _______ (quiet).
3. Bob is __________ (smart) than his sister.
4. Julie is _________ (good) at tennis than basketball.
5. Anna’s watch is nicer than ________ (my).
6. Mr. Li is __________ (heavy) than my father.
7. This story isn’t as ________ (funny) as that one.
I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
larger
quietly
smarter
better
mine
heavier
funny
Exercise
8. Gina sings better than Bob because she sings _____________
(clearly).
9. This box is much __________ (heavy), isn’t it
10. He is as tall as me, but he’s a little __________ (thin).
11. Sally makes ________ (few) mistakes than the other students in
her class.
12. China has become much __________ (strong) than before.
13. My books are newer than __________ (they).
14. The sun is _______ (near) to the earth than many other stars.
more clearly
heavier
thinner
fewer
stronger
theirs
nearer
15. Rick runs ___________ (fast) in his school.
16. Anna studies ____________ (hard) of the three.
17. What is the ______ (good) clothes store in your town
18. Who is ________________ (outgoing), Lily, Helen or Kate
19. I think Teen World has ____________ (friend) service of all.
20. Of all the cinemas in town, Town Cinema is ____________
(far) from my home.
(the) fastest
(the) hardest
best
the most outgoing
the friendliest
the farthest
21. Helen could play the piano __________ (beautiful) at the age of 7.
22. The yellow skirt is one of ____________ (cheap) skirts in her
clothing store.
23. I think basketball is ________________ (excite) of all the sports.
24. Tom is ____________ (funny) boy that I know. He often makes
us laugh.
25. Jim runs ______ than Tony, but Frank runs ____________ of
them. (fast)
26. Jack reads the text _____________ (loud) in our class.
beautifully
the cheapest
the most exciting
the funniest
faster
(the) fastest
(the) loudest
1. Of the two math problems, I can just work out _______ one.
A. the less difficult B. more difficult
C. the more difficult D. less difficult
2. In my opinion, Chinese is ______ any other language in the
world because Chinese has the most number of speakers.
A. as important as B. more important than
C. the most important D. most important than
II. 单项选择。
3. --Could you tell me how to read 6,200,305 in English
--Sure. _________________.
A. Six million, two hundred thousands, three hundred
and five
B. Six millions, two hundred thousands, three hundreds
and five
C. Six millions, two hundred thousand, three hundred
and five
D. Six million, two hundred thousand, three hundred
and five
4. If you want to be thinner and healthier, you should
eat ______ food and take _______ exercise.
A. more; fewer B. more; less
C. fewer; more D. less; more
5. The Sahara is ________ than any other desert in the
world.
A. deepest B. deeper
C. biggest D. bigger
Homework
1. Review the grammar of this lesson.
2. Do some related exercises.
Must do:
Try to talk about a grographical feature in your hometown or you have visited with your partner.
Try to do:
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