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(共24张PPT)
Exploring the Topic:
Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies
(Understanding cause and effect)
Unit 9 Forces of Nature
1.通过学习运用图表，了解文本中的因果关系。
2.从洪水和台风的危害感受到大自然不可抗拒的力量，并学会在自然灾害中采取合理的保护措施。
3.在学习前，学习中和学习后，通过提出问题来帮助理解文本内容。
Review different kinds of natural disasters.
heatwave
wildfire
heavyrain
snowstorm
typhoon
flood
earthquake
hurricane
Activity 1
Look at the pictures and complete the cause-and-effect chart.
Understanding cause and effect
Thinking Skills
The strong wind broke the umbrella.
The heavy rain caused a big flood.
Cause
why something happens
Effect
what happens
The wind was __________.
The rain was heavy.
The umbrella was broken.
There was a big _________.
strong
flood
Activity 2
Thinking Skills
Understanding cause and effect
Floods are one of the most common types of natural disasters and can be very harmful. In big floods, people die in great numbers, and many more lose their homes. Floods can also harm animals and the living environment. After the floods, harmful insects may spread deadly diseases. However, the effects of floods are not always bad. For example, floods can fill up underground waterways and lead water to dry lands, wells and springs.
Understanding cause and effect
Thinking Skills
Cause
Effects
Big _______
1. Cause great losses of _______ and _______.
2. Harm _______ and the living environment.
3. Harmful insects may spread ____________.
4. _________ underground waterways and lead water to __________________________.
floods
lives
homes
animals
deadly diseases
Fill up
dry lands, wells and springs
Activity 2
Activity 3
Understanding cause and effect
Thinking Skills
Pair work. Talk about the effects of big floods based on Activity 2.
1. List three bad effects of big floods.
（1）They can destroy houses and make people lose their homes.
（2）They can wash away farms and crops.
（3）They can pollute drinking water and cause diseases.
Activity 3
Understanding cause and effect
Thinking Skills
2. Why are floods dangerous to human beings
Floods are dangerous because they can take away people’s lives, destroy their houses and belongings, pollute water, and cause serious diseases.
3.What can we do to reduce the harm of floods
（1）We should plant more trees to protect the environment.
（2）We should build more dams and reservoirs.
（3）We should learn more about flood safety and follow the rescue rules.
Reading Strategies
Asking questions
Asking yourself questions can get you to think about what you read and help you understand the text better. You can
Ask yourself questions,
before, while, and after you read the text.
using who, what, when, where, how, why or questions with yes or no answer.
Look at the picture and learn how to ask yourself questions.
Reading Strategies
Asking questions
Activity 1
Typhoon Jamie is coming!
Time: within 24 hours
Wind force: grade 8-9
You see: a typhoon alarm sign
You read: some information about the typhoon
So you may wonder:
When will the typhoon actually come
Is it very strong
...
Activity 2
Asking questions
Reading Strategies
Read the text and ask yourself questions, and then read again
to find the answers.
Typhoon Jamie is coming. Everyone in my family is busy making preparations. When mom goes to buy cooked food and clean water from the nearby supermarket, dad is checking the house in and out. He repairs the broken door and fixes all the windows with glue and tape. He also makes sure that gas and electricity are safe. My brother moves the flowers and other things indoors, and I put the flashlights within our reach.
Activity 2
Asking questions
Reading Strategies
I read: Everyone is busy.
I wonder:
Why ________________________
What ________________________
It is nearly 6:00 p.m. The wind is blowing harder, and the rain is getting heavier.
We hope Jamie will be over soon.
I read: Mom goes to the supermarket.
I wonder:
______________________________
______________________________
is everyone busy
does each person do
What does she buy
Why does she go there
Activity 2
Asking questions
Reading Strategies
Why is everyone busy
What does each person do
What does she buy
Why does she go there
Because everyone is busy making preparations for the coming typhoon.
Mom buys some food and water, dad repairs the door and fixes windows, his brother moves things indoors and the writer puts flashlights within their reach.
She buys cooked food and clean water.
Typhoon is coming, so they need food and water to stay indoors to keep safe.
Activity 3
Asking questions
Reading Strategies
Pair work. Read the text again. Ask each other more questions
and then answer the questions.
Why does the father repair the broken door and fix all the windows
What are the effects of a typhoon
How can we keep safe during typhoon according to the text
To prevent the wind and rain getting in their house.
The wind can blow hard and the rain is heavy.
We can prepare enough cooked food and water...
New words
单词 词性 释义
harmful adj. 有害的
insect n. 昆虫
disease n. 病；疾病
preparation n. 准备；准备工作
glue n.\v. n.胶；胶水v.粘合
tape n. 磁带；胶带
within prep. 在（某范围）之内
短语 释义
in great numbers 大量地，数量众多地
lose one’s home 失去某人的家园
fill up （使）填满；充满
lead…to… 把……带到……
be busy doing sth. =be busy with sth.忙于做某事
make preparations 做准备
in and out 进进出出
New phrases
1.For example, floods can fill up underground waterways and lead water to dry lands, wells and springs.
句意：例如，洪水会填满地下水道，将水引向旱地、井和泉眼。
详解：（1）fill up 意为 “(使) 填满；充满”，其后可以接宾语也可以不接，宾语是人称代词时，要置于 fill 和 up 之间。
例：Please fill up the glass with water.
请把这个杯子装满水。
The cup is almost empty. Let me fill it up for you.
杯子快空了，我帮你续满吧。
Sentences
Sentences
（2） lead... to... 意为 “把……带到……”，其中 to 是介词；lead to 意为 “导致……”，to 是介词，后跟名词或动词 - ing 形式。
例句：She led the little boy to the school gate.
她把小男孩领到了校门口。
Carelessness often leads to mistakes.
粗心常常导致错误。
2.Everyone in my family is busy making preparations.
句意：我家里的每个人都在忙着做准备。
详解：be busy doing sth. 意为 “忙于做某事”，可与 be busy with sth. 互换，后接名词、代词。
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The heavy rain ______ the river yesterday.
2.Careless driving often ______ accidents.
3.She is busy ______ for the party now.
4.Let me _____ it up for you, it’s an empty bottle.
5.His laziness ___ failing the exam last term.
fill up lead to prepare fill lead to
filled up
leads to
preparing
fill
led to
完成句子
1.洪水填满了下水道，把水引向了村庄。
Floods ______ the underground waterways and ______ water ______ the village.
2.他正忙着制作手工，没有时间看电视。
He is busy ______ (make) handcrafts, so he has no time to watch TV.
大量的鸟儿飞到了这片森林里。
3.Birds came to the forest ______ .
filled up
led
to
making
in great numbers
We learn:
1. To understand cause and effect how to sequence events in a story.
2. How to understand a text better by asking questions.
We can:
1. Talk about the good and bad effects of a flood.
2. Do something to protect ourselves if a typhoon is coming.
1. Review the words and phrases from this class.
2. Finish the exercises.
Thank you!

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