资源简介

第 4 课 时 （1a~1e）
Unit 4 The Wonders of
Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature?
单词：climber、northern、survive、condition、degree、changeable、death、above、successfully、risk、curiosity、explorer、simple
短语：be able to、deal with、reach the top of、be determined to、bit by bit
句型：①People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it.
②It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
理解中国登山者故事中体现的民族自豪感、团队合作精神和坚韧不拔的意志，并能就这些品质谈谈自己的看法。
Learning Goals
1
2
Lead-in
Mount Qomolangma
What is the highest mountain in the world?
Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is 8,848.86 metres high. It’s located on the China-Nepal border. It’s part of the Himalayas. It is famous for its extreme conditions.
1a
What do you know about Mount Qomolangma?
Tell a partner.
The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on 29 May 1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
Reaching New Heights
What would be mentioned in the article according to the title and pictures?
Predict
1.__________: what climbers called the way
up the northern side of the mountain
2.____________: the distance between the
Second Step and sea level
3.___________: the year the first Chinese
team reached the top of Qomolangma
4.____________: the height of Qomolangma
in 2020
Scan the article to find the information below.
Scanning
You can read a text
quickly to find specific
information, such as
numbers, years, names,
and places. Numbers
and years are usually in
Arabic numerals, while
names and places usually start with capital letters.
Death Road
8,600 metres
1960
8,848.86 metres
1b
To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.
Reaching New Heights
Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.
Reaching New Heights
On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for the first time.
Reaching New Heights
In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this “Chinese Ladder” to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres.
Reaching New Heights
Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it’s there”!
Reaching New Heights
Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
1c
Paragraphs 1 and 2
Paragraphs 3 and 4
Paragraph 5
A. Achievements of Chinese teams
B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma
C. Difficulties and dangers
Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements.
1.A few climbers reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960.
2.In 1960, Liu Lianman’s teammates used a ladder to get past the Second Step.
3.The Chinese team brought a national flag to the top of Qomolangma in 1960.
4.The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,600 metres above sea level.
5.Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder” in 2007.
T F
T F
T F
T F
T F
1
No one
2
stepped on Liu Lianman’s shoulders
3
4
4
5
They first used it in 1975, and almost all climbers used it until 2007.
1d
1. How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma?
I think the Chinese climbers felt extremely proud and excited. They were the first to reach the top from the northern side after overcoming terrible conditions. Placing the national flag there meant they achieved a great goal for their country, so they must have also felt a strong sense of honour and satisfaction.
Discuss the questions.
1e
2. What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s there”?
I think he meant that the mountain itself is the reason to climb it. It’s not for fame or money. It’s about human curiosity and the natural desire to challenge something that’s right in front of them—something big, difficult, and real.
3. What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have?
a healthy and strong body
determined and never give up
good teamwork spirit
always stay calm
smart and brave
respect for nature
...
1. what climbers called the way up the northern side of the
mountain 登山者对珠峰北坡登山路线的称呼
northern adj. 北部的；向北的
表示方位的名词，在词尾加-ern 可构成形容词。如：
east+-ern→eastern （东部的；向东的）
west+-ern→western （西部的；向西的）
south+-ern→southern （南部的；向南的）
Linlin lives in the northern part of Beijing. 琳琳住在北京的北部。
Language points
方位
south n. 南，南方
north n. 北，北方
northwest n. 西北
west n. 西，西方
southwest n. 西南
northeast n. 东北
east n. 东，东方
southeast n. 东南
2. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. 但只有最优秀的登山者才能登顶，而前提是他们要在恶劣的环境中存活下来。
He was lucky to survive the car accident.
他很幸运在车祸中幸免于难。
survive既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“生存；存活；艰难度过”。常见搭配：
survive a disaster/war 在灾难/战争中幸存下来
survive an accident 在事故中幸免于难
相关词形：survival n. 生存；存活；幸存
condition是名词，意为“环境；条件”时，常用复数形式。
The workers suffered from bad working conditions.
工人们饱受恶劣工作条件之苦。
living/housing/working conditions
生活/住房/工作条件
condition也可作不可数名词，意为“状态；状况；健康状况”。
in bad/good/excellent condition 处于糟糕的/良好的/极佳的状态
out of condition 健康状况不佳
The machine is in excellent condition.
这台机器的状况好极了。
She is overweight and out of condition.
她体重超重，健康状况不佳。
3. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and
changeable weather. 登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、高
耸的悬崖和多变的天气。
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}deal with
常与how连用，侧重解决问题的方式、方法
do with
常与what连用，侧重要处理的对象
I want to know how to deal with pollution.
我想知道怎样应对污染。
What to do with your e-mails? 你怎样处理你的电子邮件？
辨析
deal with与do with
changeable adj. 可能变化的；易变的；常变的。
changeable由“change（v. 改变）+ -able（形容词后缀）”构成。
-able是一个英语后缀，意为“能……的；会……的；可以……的”，可以附加在动词或名词后面，构成表示能力的形容词。
如：value（价值）→valuable（有价值的）
move（移动）movable（可移动的）
admire（钦佩）admirable（可钦佩的)
enjoy（享受）→enjoyable（令人愉快的）
4. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 登山者甚至称那条路线为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心完成这次攀登。
death n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭
辨析
death、die、dead与dying
{93296810-A885-4BE3-A3E7-6D5BEEA58F35}单词
词性
词义
功能
death
名词
死亡；毁灭；破灭
在句中作主语或宾语
{93296810-A885-4BE3-A3E7-6D5BEEA58F35}die
dead
dying
动词
死亡；消失
非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，其过去式、过去分词均为died，动词-ing 形式为dying
形容词
不运行的；死的
强调状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
形容词
垂死的；临死的
在句中作定语
The vet tried to save the dying dog, but it finally died. Now the dead dog lies quietly, and its death makes the little boy very sad. 兽医努力拯救那只垂死的狗，但它最终还是死了。现在那只死去的狗静静地躺着，它的死亡让这个小男孩非常伤心。
5. It is 8,600 metres above sea level. 它海拔8,600米。
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}单词
词义
两物体之间的关系
反义词
above
在……上面
不接触，不一定垂直
below
over
在……正上方
不接触，垂直
under
on
在……上面
有接触面
beneath
She lifted her hands above her head. 她双手举过头顶。
There are two bridges over the river. 在河上有两座桥。
I put the books on the shelf. 我把书放在架子上。
辨析
above、over与on
above
在……上面
over
在……正上方
on
在……上面
6. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world?为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登
这座世界最高峰？
risk v. 使……冒风险（或面临危险）
其后可接名词（短语）、代词或动词-ing 形式作宾语。
risk one’s life 冒着生命危险； risk doing sth 冒险做某事
搭配
The lifeguard risked his life to save the child.
这个救生员冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。
We’d better not risk going out in bad weather.
我们最好不要在糟糕的天气下冒险出去。
risk n. 危险；风险
the risk of... ……的风险 take risks/a risk 冒险
搭配
Drinking can increase the risk of heart problems.
饮酒会增加患心脏疾病的风险。
Don’t take risks. And you should think twice.
不要冒险。你应该三思。
risky adj. 有危险（或风险）的
拓展
Doctors say it’s too risky to do the operation.
医生说动手术风险太大。
7. It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. 这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心壮志是无法被阻挡的。
curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲
out of curiosity 出于好奇
搭配
My little brother show curiosity about everything.
我的弟弟对一切事物都显露出好奇心。
I entered the room out of curiosity.
我出于好奇走进了那个房间。
curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的
curiously adv. 好奇地
be curious about... 对……好奇
拓展
ambition n. 追求的目标；野心；雄心
ambition to do sth/ambition of doing sth
做某事的志向/抱负
搭配
She worked hard with the ambition to win the game.
她带着获胜的志向努力训练。
He finally achieved his ambition of becoming a pilot.
他最终实现了当飞行员的夙愿。
ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的
拓展
They are very ambitious for their children.
他们望子成龙心切。
一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词
1. [江苏宿迁中考]Suqian, a city with rich cultures, is in the ________（北方的）part of Jiangsu Province.
2. To ________（存活） in the wild, you need to find food and water.
3. Although the old tower has been there for two thousand years, it is still in good ________（状况）.
4. The heavy rain led to the _______ （破灭） of our hope for a sunny picnic.
5. A photo of her family is ________（在……上方） her bed.
Practice
northern
survive
condition
death
above
二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 我一点一点攒钱，买了一辆新自行车。
I saved money ______ ______ ______ and bought a new bike.
2. 它们靠很少的食物就能维持生命。
They can _________ _________ very little food.
3. 昨天，我成功通过了考试。
I ________ the exam ____________ yesterday.
4. 不要冒险在河里游泳。
Don’t ________ ____________ in the river.

survive on
bit by bit
passed succeessfully
risk swimming

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