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专题 02 阅读理解（记叙文&议论文）
主题 01 人与社会——跨文化交流，文化差异
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省苏州市吴江中学·期中）
Passage 1
Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures. Recently, a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way. Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online.
The incident occurred in Saskatoon,one of Canada's largest cities, with a growing Chinese community. Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him. Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock.
With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and
began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu. He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese, “Is this sour pickle (泡菜) soup hot ” The waitress replied, “Yes, a little bit spicy.” Cali, who works as an English teacher, was fine with mild spice, replying,“Oh, I
just want to order one.” When she asked about his other food preferences, he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles.
The waitress then listed the restaurant's six types of noodles, including three round and
three flat varieties. Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in
Chinese, requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish's preparation to help him order. After some thought, he chose the thinnest of the round noodles.
Curious about his language skills,Cali then asked,“Can you understand me ” and waited eagerly for her response. The waitress confirmed she could, leaving Cali visibly moved.
The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous (自发的) moment without any forced
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emotion.
1 ．How did the waitress feel at Cali's greeting in Chinese
A ．Surprised. B ．Confused. C ．Annoyed. D ．Uninterested.
2 ．What may have impressed the audience most in Cali's video
A ．The Chinese food. B ．The Chinese language.
C ．His genuine use of Chinese. D ．His knowledge of Chinese noodles.
3 ．What can we learn from Cali's conversation with the waitress
A ．He was eager to practice Chinese. B ．He struggled with mild spicy food.
C ．He turned down her offer of help. D ．He found it effortless to discuss the menu.
4 ．What does the article mainly talk about
A ．Language barriers of dining out. B ．The challenges of learning Chinese.
C ．A heartwarming cultural exchange. D ．The importance of being communicative.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省江阴市二中·期中）
Back in the summer of 2017, I was busy studying in Beijing when I suddenly got homesick for some Western food.
So, I wandered the streets nearby until I came across a restaurant and finally found it —
whole chicken! In my head, I imagined a juicy, tender (嫩的) whole bird with perfectly crispy (酥脆的) browned skin with a side of mashed potatoes (土豆泥): just the way it is always prepared in America, right
For some reason, I never stopped to think that the Chinese definition of a “whole chicken” might be different from my assumptions. I waved a waiter over and hurriedly pointed to the line on the menu to show my food request. Finally, I would be able to satisfy my eagerness!
Yet, when the bird finally landed on my plate, my wide grin (咧嘴笑) turned to one of
shock. Rather than a golden crispy brown, the skin was instead bright yellow. But the most
obvious was something that I would rather not have seen at all: the head! In all my years of eating chicken, I had never seen the head still attached to the rest ofthe body. Yet here it was, staring
back at me.
In America, although people understand where meat comes from, the way food is presented
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means they aren’t reminded of the living animal it once was. When staring face-to-face with the dead bird on my plate, that fact was made much more apparent.
Still, I carried on, trying to ignore the head while I dug into the chicken breast (胸脯肉). But, even here, I found organs (器官) like the heart and lungs that had not been totally removed. Finally, I gave up and just focused on the rice instead.
Afterward, I came to understand chicken is almost always served with the head in Chinese dishes. Although my tolerance for food has expanded since then, I will never forget the first time I ordered a whole chicken and got more than what I had expected.
5 ．Why did the author go to eat a whole chicken
A ．He missed the food of his home country.
B ．He wanted to try Chinese-style chicken.
C ．He came across a unique restaurant.
D ．He liked its picture on the menu.
6 ．What shocked the author most
A ．The chicken’s size.
B ．The chicken’s dark color.
C ．The chicken not being crispy.
D ．The chicken served with its head.
7 ．Why did the author give up eating the chicken finally
A ．He disliked its taste. B ．He preferred the rice.
C ．He found organs inside. D ．He missed American food.
8 ．What does the author think of Chinese food in the end
A ．Acceptable. B ．Scary.
C ．Tasty. D ．Comfortable.
9 ．What does the passage mainly talk about
A ．Eating habits in China.
B ．Cooking style of Chinese chicken.
C ．My homesickness in China.
D ．My first taste of a chicken in China.
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Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省苏州市星海实验中学·期中）
There are decisions we take on instinct, without even realising we are taking them.
Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing
experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure.
There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the
organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for
abandoned animals I helped care for.
During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely
villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners.
Sometimes, my volunteering experience was complicated. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time.
If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the
uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path.
10 ．Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work
A ．To make a change. B ．To gain living skills.
C ．To broaden his horizon. D ．To add working experience.
11 ．What did the author mainly do during his trip
A ．Running an organization. B ．Attending to animals.
C ．Taking care of the disabled. D ．Preparing food for volunteers.
12 ．Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip
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A ．Simple. B ．Romantic. C ．Adventurous. D ．Rewarding.
13 ．Which of the following can be the best title
A ．Instinct, a key step for new career B ．Backpacking, a jump to a new adventure
C ．Gap year, an escape from the reality D ．Volunteering, a journey of self-discovery
主题 01 人与社会——艺术创新与文化遗产保护
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏盐城东台市·期中）
On the morning of November 13, a graceful violin melody flowed along the Qingdao
seashore, blending (融合) perfectly with the rhythm of the ocean waves. The man playing the
violin is Petar Kutin, a Bulgarian teaching music at Yew Chung International School of Qingdao.
For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a
special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with
Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition.
“I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.” Kutin said. At Yew Chung International School of Qingdao, this philosophy comes to life. To help his
students with diverse backgrounds overcome cultural shock and quickly adapt to the Chinese
environment, Kutin arranges music pieces tailored to their abilities. “When students perform
together, it promotes teamwork and allows them to express both their cultural identity and
individuality. Playing together builds confidence, happiness, and a sense of belonging. Music truly bonds the performers.” Kutin said.
Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality means — reusing
items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week.
In addition to his work at school, Kutin composes music for social causes. He has created several pieces to help people with mental disabilities relax and find comfort.
“Music is constantly developing, and musicians must keep learning to grow.” he said. With a passion for creating and sharing, Kutin aims to promote deeper connections between people and
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cultures, contributing to a more harmonious and lively future through music.
14 ．What do we know about Kutin
A ．He blends east and west in music. B ．He received music education in China.
C ．He thinks nature is vital in Chinese music. D ．He prefers Chinese music to Western music.
15 ．What is Kutin’s belief about music
A ．Music enhances personal abilities. B ．Music removes cultural differences.
C ．Music bears the magic to unite people. D ．Music expresses the philosophy of life.
16 ．What can we learn from the example in paragraph 4
A ．Kutin’s music is popular. B ．Kutin’s music is emotional.
C ．Kutin’s music is instructive. D ．Kutin’s music is traditional.
17 ．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A ．A Song Of Nature B ．A Rhyme Of Kindness
C ．A Tune Of Happiness D ．A Symphony Of Harmony
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏连云港市赣榆区·期中）
Deep in the Gobi Desert in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, remains of the Han Dynasty Great Wall stand firm. Two thousand years of sandstorms have not been enough to destroy it, nor is the heavy wind strong enough to prevent people from recalling the glory (光荣) of the ancient
Silk Road. To keep this part of history alive, every possible way has been tried.
A dozen miles away from the remains of Yumen Pass, Chen Wanying’s voice breaks
through the sound of the visitors’ footsteps. She reminds the visitors of the notice from a small house and watches over their behaviour, in case they accidentally or unknowingly damage some remains.
Chen and her husband Zhang Jianjun have been living on this land for more than ten years. They are under the control of the weather. Surface temperatures can reach nearly 60℃ during the hottest period of the year. They rely on solar power and a wireless network, and there’s no running water. The water from the well nearby is bearable for cooking, but they need to go elsewhere to
get drinking water.
Yet, Zhang Jianjun says, one of the most difficult aspects of their job is to keep wild
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animals away from the wall in the dead of night. Oxen, particularly, like to use the wall to lighten itches (痒) brought by insects. The couple often have to drive these animals away several times a night, but they never feel discouraged.
It’s nearly time for Zhang Jianjun to retire from the job he’s been enthusiastic about. He says he wants to leave the site to his successors (继任者) undamaged and pass on the lessons he has learned to do the work well.
18 ．What can be inferred about the Han Dynasty Great Wall
A ．Natural forces have destroyed it. B ．It is located in a mild climate area.
C ．Action has been taken to keep it safe. D ．Human activities are the biggest danger.
19 ．What is the biggest challenge the couple faces in their work
A ．Finding clean drinking water. B ．Driving away wild animals at night.
C ．Facing extreme heat during the day. D ．Surviving without stable electricity.
20 ．What can be used to describe the couple
A ．Clever and friendly. B ．Ambitious and helpful.
C ．Determined and devoted. D ．Responsible and thankful.
21 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Living Conditions of the Gobi Desert.
B ．Kind Couple Protecting Wild Animals.
C ．Glorious Memory regarding Ancient Silk Road.
D ．Protectors ofthe Han Dynasty Great Wall Ruins.
主题 01 人与社会——善行义举
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省海安高级中学·期中）
Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned
children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone.
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Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined
the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome.
In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and
graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp.
Early on there weren’t too many programs for children with disabilities and they didn’t start school until they were 3 years old. Ms. Russo felt they were being cheated out of an education
during the years that are the most developmental.
Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Over the years she helped place a number of Down Syndrome children,
including 11 from Willowbrook, in adoptive or foster families.
She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical
professionals used in describing children’s abilities. “Professionals always tell you what they (DS children) cannot do,” she once said. “Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the
normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.”
22 ．What left children with Down Syndrome overlooked according to Ms. Russo
A ．Their abilities. B ．Their physical appearances.
C ．Their movements. D ．Their disappointed parents.
23 ．What made Ms. Russo start Down Syndrome Learning Center
A ．The internal calling to help. B ．The availability of enough money.
C ．The repeated requests of parents. D ．The growing number of DS children.
24 ．What does Ms. Russo want to convey in the last paragraph
A ．Society needs to change the attitude towards DS children.
B ．Professionals often underestimate the DS children’s abilities.
C ．Parents should have faith in their children’s potential to encourage growth.
D ．Parents should accept their children’s limitations and provide special treatment.
25 ．What is the main idea of the text
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A ．Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for DS children.
B ．A devoted nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome.
C ．Programs Teri Russo successfully started helped DS children.
D ．DS children face more challenges than normal people expect.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省常州市北郊高级中学·期中）
Steve Bagmanyan found his calling in a workshop filled with broken instruments. But every year, the shop brings both joy and heartbreak. Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has
dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools.
“The work we do is important and needs to be preserved, but it’s becoming a dying craft,” said Bagmanyan,60, who runs the shop and handles piano repairs. “Children are our future, yet music programs are being cut across the country.”
However, there is hope for the shop. The Last Repair Shop, a short documentary featuring Bagmanyan and three other technicians, recently won an Oscar for best documentary short film. The film combines their personal stories with reflections from students who have found comfort and joy in music.
Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last ofits kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford.
Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles. “People are inspired by what we do and want to support a dying art form,” said Ben Proudfoot, who co-directed the
documentary.
Bagmanyan knows that a poorly maintained instrument can discourage a child from
learning. “If an instrument doesn’t work properly, a child might give up on music,” he said. “But when you know the instrument is going to a student who loves it, it’s impossible not to smile.”
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After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime. “I was planning to retire,” he admitted. “But now I’ll
rebuild the shop to what it once was and keep going a little longer.”
26 ．What is the challenge faced by Bagmanyan
A ．Old instruments. B ．Declining number of students.
C ．Low profitability. D ．Shortage of skilled technicians.
27 ．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A ．The career achievements of Bagmanyan.
B ．The popularity of the documentary.
C ．The unique history of the school district.
D ．The importance of the repair shop.
28 ．How does the documentary impact the shop
A ．It enhances the shop’s public image.
B ．It attracts new business opportunities.
C ．It helps sustain the shop’s operation.
D ．It provides education to the community.
29 ．What do the underlined words “his cup is full” in the last paragraph mean
A ．He is ready to retire. B ．He feels deeply satisfied.
C ．He is tired of the spotlight. D ．He has become very wealthy.
主题 02 人与自我——励志故事
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省马坝高级中学·期中）
Many people, some even at a very young age, set the goal of graduating from college. One American woman in Texas waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.
Janet Fein, born in 1934, received her bachelor’s degree (学士学位) from the University of Texas in 2018. Fein has had a full life. She raised five children and then had a career as a secretary (秘书) until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology.
Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. In high school, she just wanted to finish and get a job. After graduating early, at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary.
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After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs throughout her life, including being a secretary at a Dallas hospital. That is the job she retired from in 2011. She received an associate degree in 1995. But she also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree. Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texas.
She kept going to class even as her health condition worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements.
Renee Brown is one ofFein’s caregivers. She says Fein has also inspired her. At 53, she
plans to begin nursing school to further her career. Brown says Fein told her, “Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you also can do it, and you will feel so good about it.”
30 ．When did Janet Fein start to work
A ．In 1952. B ．In 1950. C ．In 1995. D ．In 2012.
31 ．What does she study for her bachelor’s degree
A ．Sociology. B ．Secretary. C ．History. D ．Health.
32 ．What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean in the last paragraph
A ．Shock. B ．Disappoint. C ．Employ. D ．Encourage.
33 ．What can we learn from Janet Fein’s story
A ．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B ．It is never too late to learn.
C ．Practice makes perfect. D ．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
议论文
主题 01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体&社会评价
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省扬州中学·期中）
This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t.
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To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades.
Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide
standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final
word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled.
That’s true not just oflow-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t.
Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades,
march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college
graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books.
Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade
accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders.
Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading
standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth — or a performative exercise in grade fishing
34 ．What are parents fooled into thinking
A ．SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities.
B ．The purpose of education is to make better citizens.
C ．Grade-point averages are vital for college application.
D ．Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities.
35 ．What is a consequence of grade inflation
A ．Employers favor students with higher degrees.
B ．Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations.
C ．Remedial classes become required courses in college.
D ．Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college.
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36 ．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A ．Tough graders desire job security.
B ．Strict grading promotes real learning.
C ．Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth.
D ．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation.
37 ．What is the best title of the text
A ．The game of scores B ．Today, Grade A is for average
C ．The force behind grade inflation D ．Now, learning takes the front seat
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省宿迁青华中学·期中）
In 1999, a Japanese artist Shigetaka Kurita created his first set of emojis to be used on an emoji keyboard to deliver information in a simple way or provide context to text messages. This was a huge hit because these images helped bridge the gap between written and spoken
communication. Little could he have known that the symbols he designed would become so popular that they’ve gone far beyond phones into apps, toys and more.
So, could emojis become a global language To some degree, they already are, but could they truly become a language for all human beings Could they replace writing itself and we all just go with emojis
As emojis are images, their meanings can get across more easily to people from different
cultures. They’ve been used in every country. They are becoming more nuanced (微妙的) and
taking on varied meanings. They can be connected to create sentences as well, much like words.
However, emojis are unlikely to become a global language. Emojis don’t have the depth and width of a written language. There is no grammar either, which allows for complex sentences in
languages. It is also much harder to express abstract (抽象的) ideas through images alone, such as philosophy and cultural differences.
Could emojis replace writing That, too, is unlikely, Human thought is complex, often
abstract and highly nuanced. Many fields such as law, science and technology require professional expressions that emojis can’t provide. Nor can emojis replace poetry and literature, important
factors of human cultures and societies.
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While emojis may not become a global language or take the place of writing, it doesn’t
make them any less important to humans. They can cross cultures and provide a way to show the beauty of common human values and feelings, as they already have. We all understand a smiley face and a heart or a broken heart.
38 ．Why were emojis first created
A ．To make emoji keyboard a hit.
B ．To design popular images.
C ．To aid communication in texts.
D ．To apply them to apps and toys.
39 ．What is an advantage of emojis
A ．They can express abstract ideas.
B ．They can take the place of writing.
C ．They can form complex sentences.
D ．They can be understood across cultures.
40 ．Why does the writer refer to law and science
A ．To explain the weakness of emojis.
B ．To contrast with poetry and literature.
C ．To show professional usage of emojis.
D ．To stress human cultures and societies.
41 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．The Rise of Emojis
B ．The Limits of Emojis
C ．Emojis: Popular Symbols
D ．Emojis: A Global Language
Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省苏州市苏苑高级中学·期中）
Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”
People tend to gain self-worth through others’ approval (认可), which is a fruitless way to
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go through life. Why do we allow what others think ofus to have so much power over how we
feel about ourselves If it’s true that you can’t satisfy all the people all the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying
Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked and caring about the effect we have on others are healthy and allow us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not.
This need to be liked comes from when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us. Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are based on
communications with others. Thus, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we
anxiously want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.
As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you find, your need for validation (确认) by others will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our real selves in an effort to be liked.
So embrace the cliché (老话) and love your true self as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it.
42 ．Why is Lao Zi’s quotation used in paragraph 1
A ．To lead into the topic of this passage.
B ．To stress the importance of caring about others.
C ．To show us how to avoid being a prisoner.
D ．To introduce a famous historical figure.
43 ．What does the author say about why people expect others’ approval
A ．They want to feel better than others. B ．They are trying not to be abandoned.
C ．They believe it will bring them sense of pride. D ．They consider that approval equals
success.
44 ．What does the word “restrain” most likely mean in the passage
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A ．Express. B ．Hide. C ．Confirm. D ．Reflect.
45 ．Which one is the most suitable title of this passage
A ．The Power of Self-Worth. B ．Childhood Shapes Behavior.
C ．The Importance of Approval-Seeking. D ．Staying True to Yourself.
主题 01 人与自我——励志故事，人生感悟
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏南通·期中）
Aaron Warren of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, is a shining example of resilience (坚韧) and positivity. Born with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), Aaron was never expected to live past his third birthday — but he just turned 27, ignoring the odds with his optimism (乐观).
Marking his “golden birthday”, Aaron shared a joyful photoshoot with a bold balloon
display reading “Disabled AF”. “I’ve officially lived to see 24 more birthdays than I was expected to see!” Aaron shared, adding. “If I had to sum up today in one word, it would be thankful.” He
expressed gratitude (感恩) for his family, friends, business team, and even his trusty wheelchair —joking that it “kind of carries this whole operation.”
He continued “Now, I’m off to celebrate with one of my favorite foods, lobster bisque soup. And if you happen to find a margarita (a strong drink) on my wheelchair tray... no you didn’t.”
Beyond his enthusiasm (热情), Aaron is also a businessman making a difference. He founded Zipped Brands, a company that changes stylish name-brand shoes by adding zippers, making them easier to wear for people of all abilities.
“Because of my disability and bent toes, wearing shoes — especially ones I loved — was nearly impossible,” Aaron shared. “I accepted that stylish shoes weren’t meant for me.” Then
came a breakthrough: What if I could add zippers to my favorite shoe brands That simple yet
powerful idea sparked a business, ensuring that everyone, normal or disabled, has access to (可使用) fashionable footwear.
Aaron’s story is a powerful reminder that resilience, humor, and gratitude can turn any
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challenge into an opportunity. He refuses to be defined by limitations, instead using his journey to uplift others — whether through his optimism or his business making life easier for people of all abilities.
46 ．What did Aaron Warren celebrate according to paragraph 3
A ．His third birthday. B ．The founding of Zipped Brands.
C ．His 27th birthday. D ．The first time he had great foods.
47 ．What was the purpose of Aaron Warren founding Zipped Brands
A ．To create jobs for disabled individuals.
B ．To earn more money to treat his disability.
C ．To raise public awareness of preventing SMA.
D ．To make stylish shoes accessible to more people.
48 ．Which of the following can best describe Aaron Warren
A ．Energetic and responsible. B ．Humorous and optimistic.
C ．Fashionable and easy-going. D ．Sensitive and enthusiastic.
49 ．What can we learn from Aaron Warren’s story
A ．Gratitude enriches life’s experiences.
B ．Disability limits personal achievements.
C ．Resilience overcomes life’s challenges.
D ．Creativity comes from personal fortune.
Passage 2（24-25 学年高一下·江苏南通如皋市·期中）
Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an
love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home.
Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural (建筑学的) drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In
1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing.
Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the
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following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with
Emma.
Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his
architectural practice and concentrate only on writing.
The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works.
In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century.
Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life.
50 ．What do we know about Hardy
A ．His writing started with poems. B ．His wife Emma shared his interest.
C ．He was into drawing as a young man. D ．He got fame at the first attempt of writing
51 ．What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3
A ．Removed. B ．Included. C ．Changed. D ．Ignored.
52 ．After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing
A．Jude the Obscure. B．A Pair of Blue Eyes.
C ．Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D．Far from the Madding Crowd.
53 ．What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels
A ．Campus life. B ．Marriage life.
C ．Life in London. D ．Life in the countryside.
Passage 3
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（24-25 学年高一下·江苏南通海安市·期中）
Jordan Chiles, a two-time Olympian and three-time World Championship medalist, has
made history as part of the first all-Black group of gymnasts to medal at the 2022 U.S. Gymnastics Championships. Two years later, she repeated the accomplishment at the Paris Olympics, where
she helped Team USA win gold and Chiles claimed bronze for her floor routine.
However, not all of Chiles’s history-making moments have been celebratory. Shortly after earning her individual Olympic medal, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) removed her from the bronze, arguing that an inquiry from her coach Cecile Landi challenging her routine’s
difficulty rating that increased her score hadn’t been made within the one-minute deadline.
This controversial decision made Chiles heartbroken, and she shares the emotional journey in her memoir (回忆录), I’m That Girl: Living the Power of My Dreams. In her new memoir, she opens up about struggles few knew. As a gymnast with a more muscular body, she encountered
self-image issues, worsened by harmful comments and unequal judging. She also reveals the
emotional abuse she suffered from a former coach, referred to as “Coach X,” who criticized her body and caused her to develop an eating disorder.
Despite these challenges, Chiles found support in her family and friends, including fellow gymnast Simone Biles. Biles encouraged her to train at the World Champions Centre after Chiles left Coach X. Their bond strengthened further through shared experiences, especially after the
abuse case involving Larry Nassar, though Chiles and Biles never openly discussed it.
Chiles’s journey also involved struggling with dark moments, including suicidal thoughts after a setback in her career. But through it all, she has found strength and healing. “Everything
that happened shaped who I am today — a fighter still standing.” Now, she hopes her story helps others feel empowered to speak out about their struggles. Having moved on from the Olympic
ruling, Chiles is focused on her future, balancing her college life at UCLA while keeping the door open for a potential return to the Olympics in 2028. “I’m just like you,” she writes. “Trying to
strive for greatness.”
54 ．Why was Chiles’ bronze medal taken away after the Paris Olympics
A ．Her coach’s inquiry about her score was submitted too late.
B ．She failed to meet the difficulty requirements of her routine.
C ．She disobeyed competition rules regarding her performance.
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D ．She lifted difficulty levels without the permission of the CAS.
55 ．What was the little-known struggle Chiles shared in her memoir
A ．Withdrawal of the bronze. B ．Physical and mental suffering.
C ．Severe injuries during the training. D ．The coach’s criticism for her irregular diet.
56 ．What does Chiles’s story mainly want to convey
A ．What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.
B ．Life journey is full of unavoidable hardship.
C ．True strength grows where loved ones support.
D ．Opportunities always favor the prepared minds.
57 ．What is the best title for this passage
A ．Jordan Chiles’s Memoir: A Guide to Olympic Success
B ．The Dark Side of Competitive Sports: Abuse and Unfair Judging
C ．The Rise of a Gymnastics Champion: Jordan Chiles’ Olympic Journey
D ．Overcoming Adversity: Jordan Chiles’s Fight for Strength and Healing
Passage 4
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏扬州市邗江区·期中）
The eyes of an artist are special. They can see things others can’t notice and create beautiful art forms from their imagination. In the case of 27-year-old Emily Shifflet, she creates her art
literally using only her eyes, as she lives with Rett syndrome, a rare genetic and developmental disorder that limits speech and movement.
“Although Emily lives with a condition that has silenced her, she is still able to
communicate and express herself through art, and she is an example that people living with Rett syndrome can have lives filled with purpose and creativity,” said Emily’s mother, Jenny Shifflet. Emily creates her art using a special digital software operated by her eyes called Tobii Dynavox. She was able to learn and practice her painting by using the digital painter software on her
communication device.
Meghan Winslow, owner of a family art studio, said, “I love the diversity of the different
designs based upon the different painting tools that she can select. It’s an amazing mix of science, technology and art.”
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Emily has always been exposed to music and art. Tobii Dynavox has really helped her
communicate how she was feeling. The painting tool was truly a game-changer. “Emily could
finally use the only muscle she has to be creative,” Jenny said. Jenny noticed the art Emily was creating a few years ago and thought they could make nice gifts. She now sells her one-of-a-kind artwork through her website, Eye Gaze Designs by Emily. “Her artwork is a gift,” Jenny said. “It is showing people that individuals with different abilities can be creative and successful in
different ways. That’s what we want to show.”
Emily’s artwork has also appeared in Hershey Medical Center and The Art of Pennsylvania. She also serves as a guest artist at SPLAT-A Family Art Studio in Annville and Hershey,
Pennsylvania. She simply continues to shine.
58 ．What’s special about Emily Shifflet
A ．She is able to paint with her eyes. B ．She has trained many artistic talents.
C ．She is good at developing digital software. D ．She can see herself reflected in artists eyes.
59 ．What do we know about Tobii Dynavox
A ．It can assist in artistic creation. B ．It’s a digital product of a painter.
C ．It can perform an eye operation. D ．It’s a treatment for Rett syndrome.
60 ．Why does Jenny sell her daughter’s artwork online
A ．To make it gifts for people in need. B ．To raise money for people with disabilities.
C．To inspire people to seek their own success. D．To invite people to take up art creation in life.
61 ．What does the text indicate
A ．Art originates from life but is higher than life.
B ．Technology has made our life worth living.
C ．The early bird catches the worm.
D ．Technology breaks down barriers.
Passage 5
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏徐州市铜山区·期中）
Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 workers, but Allamby had become uneasy, longing for something more. Therefore, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business
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management.
After taking classes part-time over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take
biology to get his degree, which later turned out to be the best thing that ever happened. Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself.
Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-home mother and a father who sold home goods door-to-door. His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that
might have led him on a premed (医学预科的) path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd (讨厌的人),” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead.
But a different Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39. He was ready to live his dream. With the support of his family he soon decided to skip business school to take science classes. Becoming a doctor was late and he would become a nurse instead, he reasoned. But
Allamby’s chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well.
In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.
“How many people can do something so brand-new at such a late stage in their life ” he said. “My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.”
62 ．Why was taking biology “the best thing that ever happened” to Allamby
A ．It ensured him a bachelor’s degree.
B ．It helped him realize his childhood dream about being a doctor.
C ．It brought about more profits in his business.
D ．It developed his potential to become a doctor.
63 ．What is the author’s purpose in writing Para.3
A ．To describe Allamby’s difficulty in school.
B ．To introduce Allamby’s family background.
C ．To show how Allamby struggled in his childhood.
D ．To explain why Allamby once gave up his dream.
64 ．What do we know from the chemistry professor’s words
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A ．He acknowledged Allamby’s capability.
B ．He admired Allamby’s courage.
C ．He advised Allamby should aim lower.
D ．He assumed Allamby was too old to be a doctor.
65 ．What does Allamby’s story mainly tell us
A ．Success often comes to those who dare to act.
B ．Education holds the key to success.
C ．It’s never too late to pursue your dream.
D ．A tough man can bear great suffering.
Passage 6
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏无锡宜兴市·期中）
When I was 14, my parents made me volunteer at Greenfield Animal Shelter as punishment for skipping math class. “You need to learn responsibility, ” Mom said, handing me a brightly
colored uniform that was too big. The shelter smelled like wet fur and disinfectant (消毒剂) ; and my job was cleaning cages — washing food from bowls and sticky floors.
On my third Saturday, I noticed a golden retriever named Max. His cage card said his
owner had passed away, and he’d been at the shelter for three months. Unlike other dogs, Max
covered in the corner, shaking at every noise. When I entered his kennel, he flattened himself into a trembling pancake.
“He’s sweet but scared of everything,” Ms. Torres, a shelter worker, told me. She showed me old injuries on his legs from when he’d tried to bite through the bars.
I decided to spend my breaks with Max. At first, I just sat near his food bowl, reading aloud from a book. His breathing slowed to whispers. Soon, he let me touch his ears. When I dropped
my keys, he stepped back but stayed.
“You’re making progress,” Ms. Torres said one day. “But don’t get too attached. Dogs like him rarely get adopted.”
I didn’t listen. I brought him a tennis ball, and we played fetch in the outdoor pen. His tail wagged a little more each time. One rainy day, he licked (舔) my hand, and I, with tears in my eyes, felt a lump in my throat.
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Then, one morning, a family stopped at Max’s kennel. The youngest girl called him a “golden cloud.” Max didn’t hide. He walked forward, tail wagging, and licked her fingers.
As they filled out the adoption papers, I hid in the storage closet, hugging my knees. I heard their laughter, the jingle of Max’s new collar, and the sound of the door shutting. When I came
out, Ms. Torres smiled. “You did good, kid,” she said.
Max taught me that courage isn’t about being fearless – it’s about taking small steps toward something bigger. Now, whenever I’m scared to try something new, I remember his wagging tail and the day he trusted the world again.
66 ．Why did the author’s parents make her volunteer at the animal shelter
A ．To correct her misbehavior. B ．To encourage her to adopt a pet.
C ．To expose her to more job opportunities. D ．To meet a requirement for her school course.
67 ．What does the word “covered” mean in paragraph 2
A．jumped excitedly B ．hid up in fear
C ．barked loudly D ．stared angrily
68 ．What was Max’s reaction when the little girl approached him
A ．He became anxious and barked loudly.
B ．He grew braver and showed love.
C ．He tried to escape by biting through the bars.
D ．He remained in the corner, avoiding any interaction.
69 ．How did the author feel towards Max
A ．Fearful and shy B ．Impatient but sincere
C ．Caring and concerned D ．Distant but thoughtful
70 ．What is the best title for the story
A ．A Once Fearful Dog B ．Small Steps to Courage
C ．A Day at the Animal Shelter D ．The Importance of Responsibility
主题 01 人与社会——新技术
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏扬州高邮市·期中）
Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a
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casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there.
While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in
Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from
Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France.
Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people
wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many
second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better.
Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the
clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said.
The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea.
71 ．What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1
A ．He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B ．He worked at a nice place in Paris.
C ．He studied marketing for nine years. D ．He became a casting director in London.
72 ．What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand
A ．The use of different clothes. B ．The jobs of fashion designers.
C ．The importance of recycling. D ．The value of good quality.
73 ．What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa
A ．They are a good way to help poorer countries.
B ．They have made the African industry grow fast.
C ．They have made clothes environmentally friendly.
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D ．They have done no good to the African economy.
74 ．What is the main aim of this text
A ．To tell the story of an excellent designer. B ．To encourage more designers to be creative.
C ．To analyze the result of second-hand clothes.D ．To help a designer’s fashion business grow.
主题 03 人与自然——环境保护
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏苏州·期中）
On the blue ocean surrounding Weizhou Island in Guangxi, a group of volunteers are
preparing to dive into the water. Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the island, diving into the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs.
As a professor at the School of Marine (海洋的) Sciences at Guangxi University, Huang
developed a strong interest in coral reefs during his diving trips in Malaysia, where he discovered a lively underwater world that looked like a magical aquarium (水族馆) filled with colorful coral. Those trips left a lasting impression on him. “I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou
Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change.
Huang said that not only do coral reefs play an important part in keeping the balance of
underwater ecosystem, but they also act as a protective barrier for natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. “Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to
90%of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang. Since the 1950s, global coral reef degradation has become increasingly severe,
endangering their survival and leading to the marine life’s dying out.
Under Huang’s guidance, the team has successfully grown more than 10 coral species and over 50,000 individual corals, marking great progress in their restoration efforts. Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life.
“I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs. Once our
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experience on Weizhou Island matures, we plan to expand it to the South China Sea and even overseas.”
75 ．What drove Huang Wen to volunteer to protect coral reefs
A ．His disappointment with the low coral coverage. B ．His concerns for the island protection.
C ．His curiosity about the Marine life. D ．His interest in coral reefs.
76 ．Why are coral reefs important according to the text
A ．They can prevent natural disasters. B ．They can restore the seabed.
C ．They can beautify the coastal rocks. D ．They can block most wave impacts.
77 ．What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A ．Grow slowly. B ．Live peacefully. C ．Develop well. D ．Survive narrowly.
78 ．What is the best title of this passage
A ．Guardian of the Reef B ．Underwater “Great Wall”
C ．Volunteer of Weizhou Island D ．Endangered Underwater World
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中）
A strong 7.9 earthquake hit central Myanmar on March 28,2025, causing major damage in the area. The earthquake was centered near Mandalay, the country’s second-largest city. The
number of death has reached 2,719, with 4,521 people injured and many more still missing. The
disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and bridges, while aftershocks continued to cause problems.
The earthquake happened along the Sagaing Fault, where the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates meet. Over many years, pressure built up between the plates and finally caused this
earthquake. However, Myanmar’s old buildings, especially traditional ones made of wood and mud, were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake, which made the situation even worse.
Countries around the world quickly sent help. China was one of the first to respond,
sending rescue teams with medical supplies, shelter materials, and special equipment to find
survivors. India, Russia, and Singapore also sent aid. The United Nations helped organize the aid efforts, showing that the world is united in helping Myanmar.
However, rescuers faced many challenges. Roads and bridges were destroyed, making it
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hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also power cuts and communication problems. Bad weather made things worse, as rain could cause floods and spread diseases. Additionally, ongoing conflicts in northern Myanmar made it hard to get supplies to the affected areas, and hospitals in Mandalay were crowded with patients.
Despite the difficulties, there were also stories of hope. Local volunteers worked hard to rescue people trapped in the rubble. In Mandalay, a pregnant woman was rescued after being
trapped for 50 hours. Farmers and students also adapted quickly, planting crops in temporary
fields and attending classes in tents. The earthquake showed Myanmar’ s weaknesses, but it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’ s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for a better future.
79 ．What do we know about the earthquake on March 28,2025
A ．It is the strongest earthquake in history.
B ．It caused minor damage to the old buildings.
C ．The main quake destroyed many constructions.
D ．Pressure built up between the plates in aftershocks.
80 ．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the difficulties in rescue efforts
A ．Affected areas. B ．Power failures.
C ．Inaccessible roads. D ．Communication problems.
81 ．Why does the author mention the story of a pregnant woman in the last paragraph
A ．To compare victims from different jobs. B ．To show the theme of hope and recovery.
C．To explain the difficulty of rescue efforts. D．To give an example of the earthquake’s impact.
82 ．What’s the author’s tone in writing the article
A ．Concerned. B ．Doubtful. C ．Critical. D ．Objective.
议论文
主题 01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体与日常交流
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省无锡江阴市六校联考·期中）
To early childhood educator Erika Christakis, schooling and learning are two different things. According to one study she cites in her well-researched book, The Importance of Being
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Little 25% of Los Angeles kindergarteners were allowed no time at all for free play. Three and four-year-olds can make discoveries for themselves if given the mental space to do so and freed from typical overplanned activities. But too often teachers themselves are managed by higher-ups (with too much attention to details), expected to hew to fixed lesson plans, and given little
flexibility. Some say they have little time to bond with their students.
“Kids are being too much talked at rather than listened to.” This “crushes (毁坏)” their
curiosity. In America, reading, writing, and the cognitive (认知的) demands that have been
traditionally introduced in second or third grades have been pushed forward to preschools — to
3-year-olds “who lack the motor skills and attention span (持续时间) to be successful.” Christakis argues that forcing academic rigor (严格) at such an early age has led preschoolers to do worse,
not better.
She admires the philosophies of Waldorf and Steiner schools, which teach young children handiwork such as weaving or woodwork “as part of an imaginative and story-driven curriculum (课程).” They have nature outings for children aged three to six. They sleep in tents with only
their teachers and other children (no texting nor parents allowed everywhere near for days). They learn from nature and everyday experience, invent their own games, choose their own playmates, and settle their own conflicts. They learn to dress themselves, make meals, and help one another. At night they sing around a campfire.
Here at home, early education in Christakis’s telling seems to have been overtaken by
well-intentioned politicians who don’t understand the first thing about how children actually learn. Alphabets, slogans, and rhymes on the walls are too much for “young children when they can’t
even yet read.” Students need less “desk work” and vocabulary drills, she says, and more talking with and listening to adults who “invite the child to be reflective.”
83 ．Which of the following best explains “hew to” underlined in paragraph 1
A ．Give up. B ．Break up. C ．Contribute to. D ．Stick to.
84 ．What is Erika Christakis’s opinion on American preschool education
A ．It focuses too much on traditional subjects.
B ．It negatively affects children’s development.
C ．It fails to teach children reading and writing skills.
D ．It is disconnected from the reality of primary schools.
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85 ．What does paragraph 3 tell us about Waldorf and Steiner schools
A ．They disallow texting in the classrooms.
B ．Their communication with parents is effective.
C ．They advocate an outdoor learning environment.
D ．Their courses rely heavily on teacher involvement.
86 ．What do children actually need according to Erika Christakis
A ．Inspiring conversations.
B ．Appropriate learning resources.
C ．Repetitive reading exercises.
D ．Quality family time.
87 ．What is the main idea of this passage
A ．Early education should stress structured academic lessons.
B ．Preschool policies are overly influenced by politicians.
C ．Nature-based activities are key to child development.
D ．Early education should stress play and exploration.
Passage 2
As American high school and college students graduate and begin the next phases of their lives, one piece of advice they will undoubtedly receive is to follow their passions or something similar. It seems like fine guidance: Do something that feels true to yourself rather than meet
people’s expectations. But is this really the case
To find out, we asked hundreds of undergraduate students which majors and careers they
would choose if they followed their passions and which majors and careers they would choose if they prioritized salary and job security. We found that when it came to male-dominated fields like computer science and engineering, gender (性别) gaps were greater when students chose to follow their passions, with men disproportionately (不成比例地) choosing those fields. We also found
that gender gaps in selecting future careers were smaller when we asked people of both genders to prioritize nurturing (养育) and emotionally supporting other people.
Are we suggesting that women shouldn’t pursue their passions and should enter fields that they don’t really care about just to close gender gaps Of course not. For one thing, traditionally
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feminine (女性的) work is important, and society needs people who are passionate about it and want to do it — including men.
But what strikes us, based on this and other research, is that for many young people,
passions seem to be based in large part on internalized societal expectations about what is
appropriate for their gender rather than complete and accurate information about what, for
example, studying computer science is really like. Our point is that the passions that young people are supposed to be following seem to be easily influenced.
The “follow your passions” advice may appear to ask people what they want to do

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