资源简介

专题 03 阅读理解（说明文）
主题 01 人与社会——人工智能与科技对人的影响
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省徐州·期中）
The market reaction was cruel. On January 27, 2025, when people realized how good
DeepSeek’s “V3” and “R1” AI models were, Nvidia (英伟达), a chip company, lost $600 billion in value. Even though DeepSeek’s success worried some investors, it shows that competition and creation can make AI cheaper and more useful.
DeepSeek’s models are as good as those from Google and OpenAI but cost much less. Stopped by American from using advanced chips, Chinese companies’ hard work has paid off. The cost of DeepSeek competing with the best has dropped quickly. Within days, DeepSeek
became the most downloaded app on iPhones.
Sam Altman, the boss of OpenAI, has spent years telling investors they should keep ahead of AI field. However, DeepSeek put their profits at risk. Nvidia was once the world’s most
valuable company because people thought the best AI needed very expensive chips. This is why DeepSeek’s success led to a stock(股票) market dropping on January 27th.
DeepSeek created more winners than losers. Apple is glad that it did not spend billions on AI projects. It can choose the best models like DeepSeek. However, the real winners will be
consumers. For AI to change society, it needs to be cheap, popular and out of the control of any one country or company. DeepSeek’s success makes this possible.
Some have begun to doubt that DeepSeek improved by copying American technology. In fact, it is an important new creation, causing more competition in AI field.
For years, top U. S. AI labs have been devoted to using advanced chips to improve
performance, rather than making models cheaper and faster. But DeepSeek shows there is a better way to improve algorithm (算法) based on common chips.
1 ．What directly caused Nvidia’s sharp value drop on January 27th?
A ．Apple’s cooperation with DeepSeek. B ．The U. S. government’s restrictions.
C ．DeepSeek’s powerful and cheaper models. D ．Investors’ lack of confidence in AI’s future.
2 ．What are DeepSeek’s advantages compared to OpenAI’s models?
A ．More useful and cheaper. B ．More advanced and powerful.
C ．More expensive and smarter. D ．More reliable and profitable.
3 ．What does Apple’s reaction to DeepSeek’s success imply?
A ．Its plan to copy DeepSeek’s methods. B ．Its concern about losing market share.
C ．Its regret for missing AI investment opportunities. D ．Its satisfaction with avoiding expensive AI projects.
4 ．What can we infer about DeepSeek from the last paragraph?
A ．Copying American models’ technology.
B ．Cooperating with global companies to gain the chance.
C ．Focusing on common chips and creative ways to improve.
D ．Depending on advanced chips to reach computing power.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省南京市励志高级中学·期中）
Zhang Ming, a college student from Shandong, created a 9page “WeChat guide”. With
drawings and simple words, the step-by-step guide explains how to send messages, take pictures and make video calls. Zhang made the guide for his parents. “My parents are getting old. They need an easy way to learn how to use new technology,” he said.
Zhang’s experience is common nowadays. Worldwide, 40 percent of parents learn about
new technologies, including computers, mobile Internet and social media, from their children,
according to a study from the International Communication Association in 2014. Parents used to teach their kids about almost everything. Now for the first time, the teachers become the students, and the students turn into the teachers. The change of roles comes from the rapid development of society and technology, says Zhou Xiaohong, a sociology professor from Nanjing University.
Zhou said the Internet and other forms of media give children ways to get information besides from asking older generations. Therefore, in the age of information, it’s possible that children know more than their parents do.
According to the China Internet Network Information Center（CINIC）, 56.7 percent of
Internet users and 67.2 percent of social media users in China are under the age of 30. The
younger generation usually acts as a link between their family and the new environment. But when they teach their parents new technologies, parents can connect to the new world by themselves,
noted Zhou.
In Zhang Ming’s eyes, teaching his parents about WeChat brings him closer to his parents. “People can communicate more by using new technology. Why should we keep our parents
out?”said Zhang.
5 ．According to the passage, Zhang’s parents can’t with the “WeChat guide”.
A ．make video calls B ．send messages
C ．grab the red envelopes D ．take pictures
6 ．Why does children know more than their parents do nowadays? .
A ．Because parents teach the children about almost everything.
B ．Because children can ask more older generations for help.
C ．Because parents are getting old.
D ．Because children can get more information by using new technologies.
7 ．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? .
A ．Zhang Ming’s “WeChat guide” is made up of drawings and simple words.
B ．40% of parents learn about new technologies from their children all over the world in 2014.
C ．56.7% of social media users in China are under 30 according to the CINIC.
D ．Zhang Ming thinks that we should encourage our parents to use more new technologies.
8 ．What’s the best title of the passage? .
A ．Ways of using new technology B ．Kids can also teach parents
C ．How parents connect to the world D ．Ways to get information
Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省南京市励志高级中学·期中）
On August 20th, 2024, the Chinese gaming industry reached a milestone with the global release of Black Myth: Wukong, a new AAA action role-playing game developed by Game
Science. Within hours of launch, it topped Steam’s most-played single-player list, gaining
significant attention on social media.
Black Myth: Wukong draws on Chinese mythologies (神话) and the classic novel Journey to the West. It allows players to take up the role of Sun Wukong and start grand adventures. Inspired by Stephen Chow’sA Chinese Odyssey, the game creates a vivid dream world with Chinese
scenery, like distant mountains, wild roads and ancient temples. The various demons, gods, and other figures with Chinese-style designs in the game are based on The Classic of Mountains and Seas, breathing new life into the ancient tales of Chinese mythology.
Feng Ji, Game Science founder and CEO, stressed that the game was created entirely by a Chinese team to bring Chinese stories to the global gaming stage. He said, “The storyline and
creative ideas always take the lead, perfectly integrating (融合) Chinese stories and classical
cultural features into the game.” He believed that a game’s true value is not decided by its cost or visuals, but by the real enjoyment it offers players.
According to the Xinhua News Agency, to create a truly immersive (沉浸式的) and
world-class game, the game’s production team spent years traveling across China, scanning
historical and cultural sites, and combining them with every game scenes. The game features 36 locations thoroughly modeled after real-world sites, with 27 of them located in Shanxi Province, China, offering players a unique and immersive visual experience.
The game has increased interest in Shanxi’s cultural heritage. On its launch day the search for Shanxi tourism went up by over 10%. Bookings for trips to Shanxi have doubled since July, and the number of tourists to Shanxi has grown by 50%. Shanxi has rich tourism resources but
lacks recognition both at home and abroad. The game has presented Shanxi’s cultural relics in a pleasing and effective way, arousing people’s interest in the province’s culture and travel.
9 ．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the game?
A ．Its design basis. B ．Its wide popularity.
C ．Its target players. D ．Its cultural significance.
10 ．What is the key to making a truly valuable game according to Feng Ji?
A ．Creating high profits for the game company.
B ．Uniting Chinese stories with artistic concepts.
C ．Designing impressive characters and visual effects.
D ．Providing a satisfying experience for players.
11 ．Which of the following words can best describe the game’s production team?
A ．Ambitious and thoughtful. B ．Confident and productive.
C ．Devoted and high-standard. D ．Experienced and imaginative.
12 ．How does the game benefit Shanxi Province?
A ．By promoting its cultural tourism.
B ．By improving its international role.
C ．By calling for the protection of its heritage.
D ．By bringing in money to its game industry.
主题 02 人与自我——食物与饮料，情绪与疾病
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省连云港高级中学·期中）
It’s time to put down the phone and look away from Instagram (一款照片分享的应用程序): Researchers found that people who look at pictures of food are less likely to enjoy the next meal they eat.
Ryan Elder and Jeff Larson of Brigham Young University asked 232 people to look at
photos of food and rate them. They divided the participants into two groups — one group looked at 60 photos of sweet foods, while the other examined 60photos of salty foods. Participants
arranged each photo in order of how attractive the food looked. Afterward both groups enjoyed
some salted peanuts (花生). The group that looked at pictures of salty foods liked the peanuts less than the group who looked at sweet foods, even though no one saw photos of peanuts.
“If you want to enjoy your meal, avoid looking at too many pictures of food,” Larson said. “Even I felt a little sick after looking at all the sweet pictures we had.”
The researchers believe that food doesn’t taste as good after viewing all those photos
because looking at many photos makes people feel as if they have already experienced the
sensation (感觉) of eating. Whatever someone eats after looking at photos doesn’t seem as good as what she saw. “In a way, you’re becoming tired of that taste without even eating the food,” said Elder. “It’s sensory boredom — you’ve kind of moved on. You don’t want that taste experience
anymore.”
But there is some good news: People need to look at a lot of food photos to experience
sensory boredom. So if you want to enjoy your next brunch, play it safe and stay away from your foodie friend’s photo albums.
13 ．What did the researchers do in the experiment?
A ．They showed peanut pictures to participants.
B ．They chose 232 participants who enjoy eating.
C ．They asked participants to have salted peanuts.
D ．They reminded participants to avoid sweet food.
14 ．What happened to the participants in the salty group?
A ．They enjoyed the peanuts less. B ．They enjoyed their meals more.
C ．They dared not rate the pictures. D ．They compared food with others.
15 ．Which of the following shows “sensory boredom”?
A ．Lose sense of taste when tired.
B ．Get bored with a meal after shooting it.
C ．Enjoy meals less after seeing many food pictures.
D ．Eat more than before when the food tastes delicious.
16 ．What is the best title for the passage?
A ．What makes food taste less delicious
B ．Why Instagram reduces desire for food
C ．How we can stay away from Instagram
D ．What causes people to enjoy salty foods
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省镇江中学·期中）
ADHD is a complex disorder that goes far beyond the stereotypical image(刻板印象) of an overactive child unable to sit still in class. It’s a lifelong condition that affects both children and
adults, impacting various aspects of daily life. While its core involves impaired(受损的) mental processes like planning, focusing, and multitasking, an equally critical yet less recognized
challenge is emotional dysregulation(失调)—the difficulty in managing and relieving one’s emotional responses, which profoundly impacts work, relationships, and self-esteem.
The emotional experience of ADHD is often described as a rollercoaster, characterized by
extreme highs and lows that can change rapidly and unpredictably. During the “highs,” individuals may feel an intense surge of energy, creativity, and enthusiasm. They might embark on new
projects with uncontrolled optimism, feeling unbeatable and capable of conquering the world. This state of hyper-focus and excitement can be incredibly productive, leading to bursts of creativity
and accomplishment.
However, these peaks are often followed by equally intense “lows”. The drop into this emotional low can be sudden and confusing. Feelings of disappointment, frustration, and
self-doubt may overwhelm the individual, leading to a sense of paralysis or hopelessness. These lows can be caused by various factors, including perceived failures, criticism, or simply the
natural decline of the initial excitement.
The impact of these emotional fluctuations on daily life and relationships can be profound. At work, the highs might lead to bursts of productivity, while the lows can result in missed
deadlines and underperformance. In personal relationships, the intensity of emotions can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. Partners, friends, and family members may struggle to keep up with the rapid mood changes, leading to strain in these relationships.
Understanding what ADHD feels like is an ongoing process, not just for those who have it, but for society as a whole. By fostering greater awareness and empathy(共鸣), we can create a
more inclusive and supportive environment for individuals with ADHD to thrive in all aspects of their lives.
17 ．What is the “rollercoaster” used to illustrate?
A ．The thrill-seeking nature of ADHD patients.
B ．The fast shifts between emotional extremes.
C ．The physical restlessness in classroom settings.
D ．The medical treatment process for ADHD.
18 ．What does the underlined word “fluctuations” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A ．Extension. B ．Duration.
C ．Changes. D ．Decreases.
19 ．What does the author advise people to do to help those with ADHD?
A ．To develop stricter behavioral guidelines.
B ．To promote medication as the primary solution.
C ．To focus more research on childhood symptoms.
D ．To show them more understanding and support.
20 ．Where is the text probably taken from?
A ．A personal blog.
B ．A book review.
C ．A Philosophy book.
D ．A Mental Health website.
主题 02 人与自然——自然灾害，动物， 自然生态
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏常州·期中）
A storm surge (风暴潮) is a raised sea brought by tropical cyclones (热带气旋), also known as typhoons or hurricanes. These powerful storms produce strong winds that push the water into shore (岸), often causing flooding.
A storm surge is mainly caused by the relationship between the winds and the ocean’s
surface. The water rises where the winds are strongest. In addition, water is pushed in the direction the winds are blowing. The rotation (自转) of the Earth causes winds to move toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) and toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere. If a cyclone
develops in the Northern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the right-forward part of the storm. In the Southern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the left-forward part.
Atmospheric pressure (气压) also plays a key role. In a cyclone the central pressure is
lower than at its edges (边缘). This pushes down the water in the outer parts of the storm, causing the water to rise in the center.
More factors contribute to the strength of a storm surge as it comes to the coast. The water can reach as high as 10 meters if the storm surge happens at the same time as high tide. The
coast’s slope (坡度) matters too: shallow coasts flood more easily.
The storm surges are a serious danger for coastal areas. They typically form in late summer when ocean temperatures are highest, providing the energy needed for cyclone development.
Historically, storm surges have caused terrible losses. For example, the 1900 Hurricane Katrina in the U.S. claimed over 6,000 lives, while the 1970 Bhola Cyclone in Bangladesh resulted in about
500,000 deaths.
Today, improvements in forecasting (预报) and warning help reduce damage done by a storm surge. Information about surges like speeds, heights and paths are provided, allowing
communities to prepare and leave.
Coastal communities can protect themselves against storm surges by protecting local
wetlands, which can take in the water and the energy of storm surges. But unfortunately they have made way for the city development.
21 ．What is a main cause of storm surges?
A ．Heavy rainfall during cyclones. B ．Earth’s rotation redirecting the winds.
C ．Sudden rises of central pressure. D ．Strong winds pushing seawater ashore.
22 ．Where is a storm surge the largest in the Northern Hemisphere?
A ．Center of the cyclone.
B ．Coastal areas with wetlands.
C ．Right-forward part of the storm.
D ．Left-forward part of the cyclone.
23 ．Why does the text mention Hurricane Katrina and Bhola Cyclone?
A ．To show the increased cyclone frequency.
B ．To stress the damaging effects of storm surges.
C ．To explain the economic benefits of wetlands.
D ．To compare storm surges in two hemispheres.
24 ．What will the passage probably talk about next?
A ．Strategies to fix coastal wetlands.
B ．Methods to forecast cyclone paths.
C ．Case studies of recent storm surges.
D ．Climate change’s impact on cyclones.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏盐城东台市·期中）
We take our speech abilities for granted. Most people do not stop to think of how other
animals and insects communicate with each other. Ants are amazing creatures that have a tireless
work pattern and different social classes. To achieve this, they must have some ways of communicating with each other. Obviously, ants do not speak as we do, so how do they communicate?
Ants communicate by giving off pheromones (信息素) marks that function outside of the body to send chemical messages to the ant that receives it and by touching their antennae (触角) to feel and smell each other. The best example that we can see very clearly is that ants find food sources and drop pheromones on their ways. By using their antennae to find pheromones marks and following a thorough pattern with one antenna on either side of the path, they can keep
themselves on track. This allows other ants to follow the pheromones. The result of these pheromone marks is long lines of ants, marching one behind each other to collect food.
The queen uses pheromones to signal. As the queen ages, she gives off pheromones that tell ant residents that she is dying. They begin feeding and preparing a pupa (蛹) to be the new queen. When ants greet each other with their antennae, they can tell whether the ants they meet are foes
and prepare for what comes later, which might bring them an advantage or even a victory.
Scientists are still trying to recognize which pheromones share this information. Ants also give off pheromones that identify the nest they belong to, and their social status. The more
researchers study ants, the more they discover about their ability to translate information to one another, learn, form shared memories and sound alarms. Ants are truly amazing communicators.
25 ．How could ants communicate according to the text?
A ．By attracting ants peers through sounds.
B ．By sending alarm signals to the queen.
C ．By tracking pheromones with antennae.
D ．By keeping themselves on the track.
26 ．What is the function of the pheromone marks?
A ．To spot the queen in the ant community.
B ．To help other ants find food sources.
C ．To keep the orders ofthe ant community.
D ．To enable ants to communicate with humans.
27 ．Which can probably replace the underlined word “foes” in paragraph 3?
A ．Enemies. B ．Advantages.
C ．Residents. D ．Friends.
28 ．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A ．Ants have no shared memories.
B ．Ants’ alarm-sounding ability is unique.
C ．Researchers have recognized the types of pheromones.
D ．More secrets on ants’ communication remain unknown.
Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏连云港市灌南县·期中）
In a number of studies, researchers found highly trained dogs may be more successful than untrained pets in independently solving newly-presented problems.
Researchers have discovered that one of the factors (因素) behind this process may be
persistence (坚持). It includes reinforcement, the rule that behaviors that are rewarded become
stronger and more often. The other side of this is extinction, which refers to the fact that behaviors that are not rewarded grow weaker and become less likely to appear. When extinction sets in, the animal will simply quit before the problem is solved. It is possible that highly trained dogs have
learned to persist and thus are less likely to be affected by extinction, which would make them better problem solvers.
In this recent study, the researchers looked at 26 adult dogs divided into two groups,
“trained dogs” and “pet dogs”. There were two tasks that the dogs were tested on. One was a
social learning task where the dog had to learn to look directly into the experimenter’s eyes. Every time the dog stared at the experimenter’s face, they received a treat (reinforcement). Once the
dogs were performing this task, the extinction stage began, and the staring behavior was no longer rewarded in order to see how persistent the newly learned behavior was.
The second task focused on problem-solving. It involved a flat disk that had bone-shaped plastic bones. The dogs had to learn to remove the plastic bones to get the treat hiding under each one. After the series (一系列) of rewarded experiments, the extinction stage began, and no more reinforcements were provided for removing the bones.
In the social learning task, the trained dogs stared at the experimenters more than the pet dogs during extinction. While in the problem-solving task, the trained dogs picked up a larger
number of bones during extinction. In other words, for dogs who had been trained, their newly learned behaviors persisted longer and were stronger than the behaviors ofthe pet dogs who
received no training in any area.
29 ．How does the author introduce the topic?
A ．By listing a fact. B ．By raising a doubt.
C ．By making a comparison. D ．By showing a conclusion.
30 ．Which of the following can be seen as “reinforcement”?
A ．Chaining a dog up while walking it every day.
B ．Giving a goat some grass every time it stands up.
C ．Putting a fish back into the pool every time it jumps out.
D ．Shouting at a cat every time it fails to catch a mouse.
31 ．How can dogs benefit from training in the experiment?
A ．They are better at helping their friends.
B ．They can grow stronger than untrained dogs.
C ．They are more likely to live longer.
D ．Their newly learned behaviors last longer.
32 ．Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A ．How to Pick out a Suitable Pet Dog
B ．Why Persistent Dogs Make Better Pets
C ．Why Trained Dogs Solve Problems Better
D ．How Researchers Carry out Animal Experiments
Passage 4
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省宿迁市青华中学·期中）
Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals.
They will mess up your house, destroy your belongings, bark extremely, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that turn out at the
wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to what is acceptable.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train (驯服) it.
Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the base for solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to set up the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of“come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to
create yourself top dog or leader of the dog pack (群) by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的) role by teaching it to show obedience to you. Most pet dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more
safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
33 ．Behavior problems of dogs are believed to .
A ．happen when they go wild B ．get worse in modern society
C ．be just part of their nature D ．present a danger to human beings
34 ．Effective communication between a dog and its owner is .
A ．sure to solve all the dog’s behavior problemsB ．a good way to teach the dog new tricks
C ．the base for dogs to perform tasks D ．an extreme measure in obedience training
35 ．Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?
A ．To avoid being punished. B ．To show their feeling for their masters.
C ．To win leadership of the dog pack. D ．To show their willingness to obey.
36 ．When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner .
A ．can give the dog more rewards B ．will enjoy a better family life
C ．will have more confidence in himself D ．can give the dog more freedom
Passage 5
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省无锡市一中·期中）
Each fall, the California coast welcomes large numbers of North America’s monarch
butterflies(黑脉金斑蝶). In the past, millions ofthe brightly colored insects gathered in groups of California trees to spend the winter. But over the last few decades, the number of these monarchs has fallen sharply. Poisoning may partly explain this loss, a new study finds.
People use pesticides(杀虫剂) to kill off different types of pests and weeds(害虫和杂草).Pesticides can also poison non-pests. Scientists had worried that such pollutants might be harming monarchs. But no one knew how much risk these insects faced.
To find out, a team of scientists focused on California’s Central Valley. It’s home to
cities,towns and natural areas; it is also an important place for the monarchs to give birth. The
researchers sampled (取样) more than 200 milkweed plants across the valley, which monarch
caterpillars(幼虫) only feed on. They recognized 64 different pesticides on their samples. The
average plant contained nine. Some had as many as 25. Nearly one in every three of the plants had pesticide levels known to be deadly to monarchs.
“We were surprised that we found pesticides in all of the samples,” says Sarah Hoyle, a pesticide expert. “Everywhere we looked — home gardens, parks, agricultural lands, wildlife reserves — pesticides were present.”
The highest levels of pesticides were found on milkweeds for sale at garden stores. Garden stores want their plants to look attractive, Hoyle notes, and “one way to help with this is to use
chemicals.” But people who buy milkweed plants often don’t know they have been treated with pesticides.
Of course, pesticides are unlikely to be the only cause for the monarchs’ decrease, Hoyle
notes. Both habitat(栖息地) loss and climate change also could present risks. However, the new findings point to the need for stronger action to limit pesticide pollution, Hoyle argues. Many
people are planting milkweed plants to feed monarch caterpillars. It now appears necessary to ask garden stores if their plants were grown without the use of long-lasting pesticides, she says. That way your gardens can host milkweeds without accidentally harming monarch caterpillars.
37 ．What should be responsible for the monarchs’ decrease according to the study?
A ．The use of chemicals. B ．Extreme weather.
C ．Wildfires in California. D ．Reduction of food resources.
38 ．What do we know about milkweed plants?
A ．They mainly grow in the valleys of California.
B ．They play a key role in the life circle of monarchs.
C ．They are very popular with people who love gardening.
D ．They are used by researchers to feed monarch caterpillars.
39 ．Which milkweeds may have the most harmful effects on monarchs?
A ．Those in parks. B ．Those at garden stores.
C ．Those in wildlife reserves D ．Those on agricultural lands.
40 ．What is Sarah Hoyle’s advice for people?
A ．Not using pesticides in their fields.
B ．Planting more flowers in their gardens.
C ．Not buying milk weeds from garden stores.
D ．Managing to grow pesticide-free milkweeds.
Passage 6
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏省海门中学·期中）
Singapore’s Gardens by the Bay stands as a shining example of the nation’s promise to bring nature into city living. This groundbreaking project, built in 2012, shows how creative design and green living can appear at the same time in a busy central city.
The project covers 101 hectares of recovered land and features three waterfront gardens:
Bay South, Bay East, and Bay Central. The centerpiece, Bay South, is home to the famous
Supertree Grove, a collection of gardens that reach heights of up to 50 metres. These Supertrees
not only serve as sightseeing wonders but also play an important role in the park’s sustainable
ecosystem (可持续生态系统) by collecting rainwater, producing solar energy, and providing
living areas for local high land wildlife. Besides, the Cloud Forest is a wonderful glass dome (圆顶) that houses a 35-metre-tall mountain covered with plants and an eye-catching indoor waterfall. Visitors can start a journey through the forest, learning about the local biodiversity (生物多样性).
As Gardens by the Bay continues to grow, there are exciting plans for development in the works. Future projects may include new garden exhibits, interactive equipment, and better
sustainability ways. The gardens aim to remain at the leading position of creative green spaces, inspiring visitors with new experiences and educational chances.
One wisdom from the project is the importance of teamwork between various groups of
people. The Singapore government worked closely with builders, engineers, and environmentalists to ensure that the design was not only attractive but also ecologically sound. The method drove the application of modern technologies, which allow for the plantation of various plants from different
climates.
The gardens utilize rainwater gathering, solar energy, and natural airing to reduce energy
and water usage. Moreover, the project stresses the value of public partnership. It also encourages visitors to connect with nature and understand the importance of biodiversity. This has led to
increased community cooperation and a greater love for the environment.
41 ．What does the Gardens by the Bay project show?
A．How city planners can use modern technology. B．How Singapore includes green living into a city.
C．How citizens grow more plants in limited space. D．How Singapore spreads its city planning experience.
42 ．What is a function of the Supertree Grove?
A ．It is home to the waterfront gardens. B ．It supports the park sustainability.
C ．It houses a mountain covered with plants. D ．It shows the high land’s biodiversity.
43 ．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A ．The project’s general features. B ．The project’s basic facilities.
C ．The project’s important experience. D ．The project’s future development.
44 ．What does the underlined word “utilize” in the last paragraph mean?
A ．Give way to. B ．Keep track of. C ．Pay attention to. D ．Take advantage of.
主题 01 人与社会——人工智能与互联网
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏苏州·期中）
There’s a cat-and-mouse game between those using generative (生成的) AI chatbots to
produce text undiscovered and those trying to catch them. Many believe the telltale signs do exist, but they don’t know exactly what the differences are. Researchers at four U. S. universities,
however, have taken a better approach, identifying linguistic (语言学的) fingerprints that reveal which large language model (LLM) produced a given text.
“All these chatbots are coming out every day, and we interact with them, but we don’t
really understand the differences between them,” says Mingjie Sun, a researcher at Carnegie
Mellon University and lead author of the study. “By training a machine learning classifier (分类器) to do this task, and by looking at the performance of that classifier, we can then tell the
difference between different LLMs.”
Sun and his colleagues developed a machine learning model that analyzed the outputs of five popular LLMs, and was able to tell them apart with 97. 1% accuracy(精确性). Their machine learning model uncovered distinct speech patterns unique to each LLM.
ChatGPT’s GPT — 4 model, for instance, tends to use “utilize” more than other models.
DeepSeek is partial to saying “certainly”. Google’s Gemini often begins its conclusions with the
word “essentially”, while Anthropic’s Claude overuses phrases like “according to” and “according to the text” when referring to its sources. xAI’s Grok stands out as more talkative, often reminding users to “remember” key points while guiding them through arguments with “not only” and “but
also”. “The writing and the word choices are different,” says Yida Yin, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and a coauthor of the paper.
These findings can assist users in selecting the best model for specific writing tasks — or
aid those trying to catch AI-generated text pretending to be human work. So, remember: according to this study, if a model uses certain words, it’s certainly possible to identify it.
45 ．What is the purpose of the study?
A ．To improve different LLMs. B ．To produce undiscovered AI texts.
C ．To tell different LLMs apart. D ．To identify which LLM is better.
46 ．What tool did the researchers use to conduct the study?
A ．A machine learning classifier. B ．Linguistic fingerprints.
C ．Five popular LLMs. D ．AI chatbots.
47 ．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A ．Potential application of the research findings. B ．Further explanation of the research methods.
C ．Detailed description of the research process. D ．Supportive examples of the research results.
48 ．In what aspect might users benefit from these findings?
A ．Model selection. B ．Text production. C ．Model building. D ．Text writing.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中）
Imagine a world where technology helps doctors see diseases earlier, develop treatments
faster, and care for patients more personally. That’s the promise of Artificial Intelligence, or AI, in healthcare.
AI’s first big role is in diagnosis. Think of it like a super-smart assistant for doctors. In skin cancer checks, AI algorithms (算法) can analyze skin images and spot melanoma — a dangerous skin cancer — with surprising accuracy. It can even notice tiny details that human eyes might
miss. Similarly, when looking at X-rays or MRI scans, AI can quickly highlight areas that need a doctor’s attention, helping catch illnesses like cancer or heart disease sooner.
Beyond diagnosis, AI speeds up drug development. By simulating molecular interactions, AI recognizes potential drug candidates faster and cheaper than traditional methods. This
breakthrough could lead to lifesaving treatments for conditions like Alzheimer’s and cancer.
Wearable devices, like smartwatches, are getting smarter thanks to AI. They can track your heart rate, sleep, and even stress levels. If something unusual is detected, like an irregular
heartbeat, the device can send a warning, which lets you and your doctor act fast. AI can also help create treatment plans tailored just for you by considering your health history, lifestyle, and even genetics.
While AI is powerful, it’s not perfect. It needs lots of data to learn, and if that data is biased
— for example, mostly from one group of people — it might not work well for everyone.
Furthermore, ethical dilemmas also arise. While AI improves decision-making, it cannot take the place of human empathy (同理心). Doctors can listen, empathize, and make complex decisions. Their intuition and patient communication remain irreplaceable. Striking a balance between AI efficiency and human touch is significant.
So AI isn’t here to replace doctors or nurses. Instead, it’s a tool to help them provide better, faster, and more personalized care. As AI technology grows, so will our ability to rise to health
challenges and improve lives. The future of healthcare isn’t just about machines — it’s about how we use them to work better together.
49 ．What is a key advantage of AI in diagnosis?
A ．It reduces the cost of MRI scans. B ．It can replace radiologists completely.
C ．It speeds up hospital check-in processes. D ．It detects illnesses missed by human doctors. 50 ．What can be inferred about about AI’s impact on healthcare?
A ．AI-powered wearable device can treat heart diseases.
B ．AI algorithms can only be used in skin cancer checks.
C ．AI will cause people’s need for hospitals to disappear.
D ．AI’s speeding up drug discovery might lead to breakthroughs.
51 ．Why might AI fail to work equally well for all patients?
A ．Because it lacks human empathy. B ．Because it may learn from biased data.
C ．Because it can’t replace the human touch. D ．Because it can’t improve human decisions.
52 ．What is the best title of this article?
A ．The Promise of AI: Serving as a Powerful Tool
B ．AI in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges
C ．The Future of Healthcare: Replacing Doctors with AI
D ．AI in Healthcare: Revolutionizing Diagnosis and Treatment
Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏淮安市淮安区·期中）
It is a popular viewpoint that time spent online is bad for our health because surfing the
Internet or checking our phones sometimes takes us away from activities which are considered
healthier, such as playing sports or socializing. As the digital economy develops, such behavior is often linked to reduced well-being.
However, a new global study has found a surprising answer: The Internet might be good for you. The University of Oxford researchers studied data on the psychological (心理的) well-being of over 2 million people across 168 countries between 2006 and 2021. They looked at 8 indicators (标志) of well-being among the individuals, who were aged 15 to 99, including life satisfaction,
daily negative and positive experiences and physical health. The researchers applied well-being indicators to test the relationship between Internet use and well-being outcomes. They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people.
Despite the study’s overall positive findings, however, the link between Internet access and positive well-being was fainter for young women. While some links between Internet connectivity
and well-being were positive, some links were negative — with the most observed among women aged 15 to 24 years old. The researchers state that many studies have shown social media use to be connected with greater depression, especially among young women.
A systematic review of research into the topic found higher levels of social media use were connected with worse mental health outcomes, and higher levels of social media use were
connected with an increased risk of internalizing and externalizing difficulties among youths,
especially females. The same report also noted that the impacts of social media on mental health are complex (复杂的), as different goals are served by different behaviors, and different outcomes are produced by different patterns of use. All in all, social media use offers both benefits and risks to the health of young people, so particularly, teenage students should treat it properly.
53 ．What did the University of Oxford researchers study?
A ．The influence of social media on physical health.
B ．The mental health of people in different countries.
C ．The effects of outdoor activities on physical health.
D ．The relationship between Internet use and mental health.
54 ．What does the underlined word “fainter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A ．Weaker. B ．Closer. C ．More obvious. D ．More complex.
55 ．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A ．The benefits of social media for women.
B ．The effects of social media on youths.
C ．The increased risks of human socialization.
D ．The difficulties of research on human connection.
56 ．Which part of a magazine is the text probably taken from?
A ．Sport and health. B ．Economy and life.
C ．Technology and society. D ．Philosophy and psychology.
Passage 4
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏连云港市赣榆区·期中）
The mobile game Tower of Fantasy, developed by the Beijing-based movie and gaming
company Perfect World, became an overseas hit last year. It was the No.1 free Internet download
app in more than 40 countries and regions and ranked (排名) among the top 10 bestsellers in more than 30 countries and regions.
Its content, characters and scenery are all related to Chinese stories. Such commercial
success will bring more opportunities for game players worldwide to experience Chinese culture, says Xiao Hong, CEO of Perfect World. “It is important to learn how to use the Internet as a
carrier to encourage experience exchanges at home and abroad and spread Chinese culture all over the world.” Xiao says.
William Brown, an American professor at Xiamen University, says the Internet has
changed people’s lives, and its greatest potential lies in helping people bridge the gaps between people and countries. “However, the spread of misinformation has become a serious issue. Fake news can quickly go viral, influencing public opinion and causing confusion.” Brown says.
Many foreign students use convenient Internet communication tools to contact their family during their stay in China, and carry out academic (学术的) exchanges with scholars across the world. “The Internet not only provides an excellent platform (平台) for us to understand China, but also offers us more chances to tell the stories of international students in China to the rest of the world and the stories of Central Asia to China,” Bayram, a Turkmenian student, says. He also added that as the Internet continues to develop, China will undoubtedly become a key player and contribute to the shaping of an increasingly digital world.
57 ．What can we learn about the game Tower of Fantasy?
A ．It is a paid app overseas. B ．It is related to Chinese culture.
C ．It tops the rank list worldwide. D ．It is developed by a foreign company.
58 ．What does Xiao Hong stress?
A ．The plan to make Chinese games popular overseas.
B ．The need to develop more mobile games with Chinese elements.
C ．The challenge of competing with other gaming companies globally.
D ．The importance of promoting cultural exchanges through the Internet.
59 ．What does the underlined phrase “go viral” in paragraph 3 mean?
A ．Prove wrong. B ．Spread quickly.
C ．Remain unnoticed. D ．Disappear gradually
60 ．What benefits does the Internet brings to foreign students in China?
A ．It offers a platform to learn cultures and share stories.
B ．It allows family members to communicate face to face.
C ．It ensures China’s role in developing digital technology.
D ．It serves as a tool for academic research and data collection.
主题 01 人与社会——科学研究新发现
Passage 1
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏苏州·期中）
A few years back, you started a vacation with friends, creating treasured memories of beach walks, ocean swims, and amazing sunsets. However, the trip had its share of challenges: long
drives, food concerns, and unpredictable weather. Over time, you find yourself recalling the
pleasant moments while the inconveniences disappear gradually. This is known as rosy
retrospection (回忆), a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where we remember past events more positively than they actually were.
This phenomenon results from how our brains work to form memories. When recalling
events, our brains tend to focus more on the positive aspects and put less emphasis on the negative ones. This selective memory helps maintain emotional well-being by allowing us to remove
discomfort from past experiences. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role by awakening
feelings of warmth and belonging, leading to a more positive view of the past. Furthermore, our current emotional state and self-advancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable. For instance, if we are feeling down, we might recall happier times to better our mood.
While rosy retrospection can uplift our moods, increase life satisfaction, and aid in coping with difficult situations by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity, it can also
create an unrealistic view of the past, leading to decisions based on idealized memories rather than reality. This is one reason why we might repeatedly return to unhealthy relationships. The longer time passes since an event, the more likely we are to let the good memories outweigh the bad, and perhaps even forgive unforgivable behavior.
Realizing and understanding this cognitive bias is important for making right and beneficial decisions. This awareness can help us avoid falling into the trap of idealizing the past so that we
can learn from our experiences without being misled by the overly positive lens (透镜) of rosy retrospection.
61 ．How do people with rosy retrospection typically behave?
A ．They share challenges of trips happily.
B ．They view previous experiences positively.
C ．They recall the pleasant moments with bias.
D ．They create treasured vacation memories with ease.
62 ．How many factors contribute to the phenomenon of rosy retrospection?
A ．One. B ．Two. C ．Three. D ．Four.
63 ．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A ．The potential risks of rosy retrospection.
B ．The positive effects of rosy retrospection.
C ．The necessity of focusing on positive experiences.
D ．The benefits of returning to unhealthy relationships.
64 ．What is the author’s attitude toward rosy retrospection?
A ．Unclear. B ．Positive. C ．Unconcerned. D ．Balanced.
Passage 2
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏南通·期中）
Debra Dolan has mailed postcards to herself for over 40 years, viewing them as snapshots (快照) not only of the time and place but also of who she was at that moment. She also enjoys
sending postcards to friends and exchanging notes with her newspaper carrier. “I have learned
more about myself from those cards.” Dolan said. “It is such a personal experience. Reading them back — all the joys and challenges of my life — brings me such pleasure.”
While some people like Dolan still enjoy writing on postcards, letter-writing seems to be
becoming a lost art. Letter mail per address (letters, postcards, cards, etc.), has fallen from an
average of 246 pieces of letter mail per Canadian household in 2014 to 124 pieces of letter mail
per household in 2023. This mirrors global postal services struggling against Internet-based tools. Meanwhile, handwriting teaching in Canadian schools has been given less attention, leaving some youths unable to sign their names.
That’s something Elena Woo. 41, in Toronto, is hoping to change. Woo is the producer and editor of Young W, an online shop that encourages what she calls an analogue (模拟的) lifestyle. including letter-writing, art and other beautiful things in life. She is determined to promote
letter-writing besides digital communication. “Letters offer a choice beyond screens,” she argues, stressing that compared to quick messages, handwritten words hold more emotional weight and bring people closer. “The medium is the message.” Woo adds. pointing out how letter writing
benefits both the sender and recipient (收件人) through thoughtful self-expression.
As technology advances, writing by hand holds special value — a bridge between past and present, and an effective balance to digital exchanges. Whether through postcards or holiday
notes, these items carry more personal meaning no digital technology can match. There’s nothing better than opening a mailbox to find a letter waiting. Like Debra Dolan’s 40-year postcard
collection, this practice creates good memories that stand the test of time.
65 ．What does Debra Dolan mainly consider her postcards as?
A ．A recollection of her personal life.
B ．A regular activity for relaxation.
C ．A method for contacting friends.
D ．A form of her creative expression.
66 ．What change is happening in Canadian society?
A ．Growing loneliness in the digital age.
B ．A sharp fall in handwritten communication.
C ．Tough competition between postal services.
D ．A rising need for traditional writing materials.
67 ．Why does Elena Woo support letter-writing?
A ．It inspires a slow lifestyle. B ．It encourages an artistic interest.
C ．It creates beautiful memories. D ．It improves emotional connections.
68 ．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A ．Appreciating the joy of gift-giving.
B ．Advancing digital communicating.
C ．Treasuring handwritten messages.
D ．Building more personal mailboxes.
Passage 3
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏扬州市邗江区·期中）
Imagine you’re purchasing a lottery ticket, and your heart races as you check the numbers. To your amazement, you’ve matched five out of six! What will you do next? Will you buy another ticket? For most people, the answer is a big “Yes”.
When we come close to achieving a goal, we often gain a powerful energy that can drive us toward future success. Monica Wadhwa, a marketing professor at Temple University, suggests
that not winning can actually motivate us more than winning itself.
In her studies, Wadhwa conducted various experiments to test this concept. In one
experiment, participants played a cellphone game with the task of revealing eight diamonds. After the game, those who nearly won — by getting seven diamonds — walked faster to claim their
reward than both winners and losers. “Their motivation is getting intensified (加强), but then they miss it ... So what happens to this motivation? It hooks on, giving you the energy for the next goal that you have.” Wadhwa explains, “As for the winners, they inch toward their goal, they achieve it, and their motivation is satisfied, which leaves them with no need to fight for anything else.”
However, this fire in your belly should be used wisely. Such motivation can push you toward significant goals, or be wasted on distractions. In another experiment at a
fashion-accessory store where shoppers were given scratch-off lottery tickets, the near-winners shopped more and spent more than both winners and losers.
To harness (利用) this energy, Wadhwa advises setting goals that are slightly beyond our reach. She encourages managers to establish challenging yet achievable targets for their teams. Additionally, she recommends that parents highlight how close their children came to winning when they experience losses, fostering resilience and motivation. By understanding the unique power of nearly winning, we can turn setbacks into stepping stones for future success. As
Wadhwa puts it. “Winners really do not take it all.”
69 ．What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?
A ．To stress the importance of winning. B ．To display harmful effects of the lottery.
C．To explain the rules of playing the lottery. D．To illustrate the excitement of nearly winning.
70 ．According to Wadhwa, what motivated the near-winners to act faster?
A ．The eagerness to win another game. B ．The unmet ambitions for winning games.
C．The dissatisfaction of not achieving goals. D．The need for immediate recognition or rewards. 71 ．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
A ．Feeling energized does not always ensure success.
B ．You should not let your emotions guide your actions.
C ．Motivation can lead to unwise choices if not controlled.
D ．Having strong ambitions always leads to acting carelessly.
72 ．Which statement might Wadhwa agree most?
A ．Parents should take their children’s losses seriously.
B ．Managers should assign more tasks to star performers.
C ．Encouraging children to fight for perfection is essential.
D ．Setting slightly challenging goals can enhance motivation.
Passage 4
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏扬州高邮市·期中）
We don’t expect everyone to sing like Adele. But we all know people who struggle to match and figure out musical pitch (音高). They’re usually named “tone-deaf”. So is tone
deafness a real condition? And if so, why are some people tone-deaf?
In short, yes, tone deafness is a disorder related to the nervous system, which is called
amusia. However, not everyone who lacks musical skills has this condition, which affects about 4% of the population. For the majority of sufferers, it’s passed from their parents. Some people can develop amusia later in life, usually as a consequence of having serious brain damage.
One of the main consequences of having amusia is that you are likely to struggle with
recognizing music you have heard before, without the help of song words. But amusia differs from person to person, and so do the experiences of amusic people. The most common form of amusia is pitch-based. Many amusics lack pitch understanding, so the difference in pitch—the pitch
interval (音程) — needs to be much bigger before they can feel it.
Despite that, musically challenged people are able to process and recognize common
environmental sounds, human voices and the musical quality of speech, possibly because speech uses larger pitch intervals to express related information. In contrast, melodies use mostly smaller
ones.
While some individuals with amusia are fully aware they have it, others can live for their whole lives without knowing about their condition. This is because tone deafness can show itself in different ways, and its seriousness is different from one person to another. Some people may have accidentally developed techniques to make up for their condition by relying on other signs, which can hide their inability to notice pitch accurately.
Brain imaging shows that amusic brains receive and respond to pitch information, but it
does not reach conscious awareness. The nerve cells in them fire in response to pitch differences that the person can’t recognize. Maybe if scientists could develop training methods that could
control that unconscious response, we could find a way to solve it.
73 ．What do we know about amusic people?
A ．Most of them are born with the condition. B ．Most of them hide the condition in real life.
C ．They may suffer brain damage in old age. D ．They are people with rich musical skills.
74 ．What does the underlined word “ones” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A ．Pitch intervals. B ．Musical instruments. C ．Human voices.
D ．Environmental sounds.
75 ．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?
A ．The influences tone deafness has on people’s daily life.
B ．Different signs that indicate the condition of tone deafness.
C ．Reasons why people are unaware of their tone deafness.
D ．The skills people use to make up for their tone deafness.
76 ．What does brain imaging show about amusic brains?
A ．They aren’t able to notice any pitch differences.
B ．They have some abnormal activities in nerve cells.
C ．They can’t receive or react to pitch information.
D ．They fail to consciously process pitch information.
Passage 5
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏宿迁市泗阳县·期中）
A free online platform that allows speakers to practise in front of thousands of virtual
audience has been released to help with the anxiety many feel when presenting to an audience. Dr Chris Macdonald, the founder ofthe Immersive Technology Lab at Cambridge University and
who created the online platform, said the approach was an attempt to reduce the lengthy (冗长的) waits or high costs people often face when seeking help. “Most people have some form of speech anxiety but very, very few people are accessing the treatment.So what I was trying to do with this project is fix those barriers,” he said.
The Virtual Reality Public Speaking platform employs exposure therapy (曝光疗法) — the idea that facing fears can help reduce them —combined with breathing exercises and eye
movements that help slow the heart rate and stop the fear response. People using the technology can practise speaking in various virtual reality (VR）settings, from an empty classroom or small audiences of photorealistic (照片写实主义的) figures that yawn and scratch, to a stadium of
10,000 spectators,with the option to add distractions (分心的事物) such as flashing cameras and loud noises. Macdonald said the latter was an example of“overexposure therapy”.
“The idea behind it is that this will give them extra resilience (耐力) and adaptability —
you can think of it like the psychological equivalent of training with weights or running with
weights or at high altitudes,” he said, adding that the hope was that afterwards presenting to a
smaller real life audience would feel like a “step down” by comparison. Macdonald said the
platform — which combines learning materials, feedback mechanisms and scenarios (情景) such as job interviews — works on both Android and iOS operating systems and can be accessed
through a laptop or VR headset or via a smartphone that can be inserted (嵌入) into a cheap mount.
A recent study published by Macdonald in the journal Frontiers in Virtual Reality suggests the platform could be beneficial. Dr Matte o Cella, a psychologist and leader of the virtual reality lab at King’s College London, who was not involved in the work, said the platform built on the
concepts of traditional exposure therapy, making it more accessible and easy to carry out.
But Cella said there was a potential risk overexposure could strengthen people’s avoidance of public speaking, and that randomised (随机的) control trials were needed to evaluate the
system, noting the published work did not offer many insights on its effect.
77 ．What’s the purpose of the online platform?
A ．To cut short people’s long waits.
B ．To handle problems in people’s daily life.
C ．To help people catch up with VR technology.
D ．To help people solve public speaking anxiety.
78 ．What aspect is mentioned about the platform in the second paragraph?
A ．Working principle. B ．Practical applications.
C ．Background information. D ．Operating instructions.
79 ．What’s Cella’s attitude towards the platform?
A ．Appreciative. B ．Indifferent. C ．Objective. D ．Negative.
80 ．What can be the best title of the passage?
A ．The VR online platform:a secret to enjoying your life.
B ．The benefits of a VR online platform are in store for you.
C ．The founder of a VR online platform rids you of your stress.
D ．The VR online platform:a relief from public speaking anxiety.
Passage 6
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏徐州市铜山区·期中）
In recent years, a new and exciting technology has emerged — quantum dots. These are tiny semiconductor particles, only a few nanometers in size. To put it into perspective, a human hair is about 80,000 nanometers thick, while quantum dots are typically between 2 to 10
nanometers. Their small size gives them unique optical and electronic properties, making them a hot topic in scientific research.
Scientists have made remarkable findings about quantum dots. Research shows that
quantum dots can emit light of different colors depending on their size. Smaller quantum dots emit blue light, while larger ones emit red light. This property is due to the quantum confinement
effect. When electrons are confined in such a small space as a quantum dot, their energy levels
become discrete, and the energy difference between these levels determines the wavelength of the emitted light. This discovery has opened up new possibilities in many fields.
The methods used to study quantum dots are rather sophisticated, which need proper
environment, strict conditions and various techniques. One common technique is chemical
synthesis (合成). Scientists create quantum dots in a controlled chemical environment. For
example, they use organic solvents (溶剂) and precursor materials. By precisely controlling the
reaction conditions such as temperature, reaction time, and the concentration of reactants, they can produce quantum dots with consistent sizes and properties. After synthesis, various
characterization techniques are employed. Electron microscopy is used to observe the size and shape of the quantum dots, while spectroscopy helps to analyze their optical properties.
The applications of quantum dots are extensive. In the field of display technology, quantum dots are used to enhance the color accuracy and brightness of TVs and monitors. Quantum dot
displays can produce a wider range of colors compared to traditional displays, providing viewers with a more vivid visual experience. In the medical field, they are used as fluorescent labels in
biological imaging. Quantum dots can be attached to specific molecules in the body, and when
illuminated with light, they emit fluorescence, allowing doctors to observe biological processes at a cellular level more clearly.
Looking ahead, scientists are focused on several research directions. One key area is
improving the stability and biocompatibility of quantum dots for medical applications. Although they show great promise in biological imaging, there are concerns about their potential toxicity (毒性). Scientists are also exploring new ways to integrate quantum dots into more complex
devices, such as quantum dot-based solar cells. The goal is to develop more efficient and sustainable energy sources using the unique properties of quantum dots.
81 ．According to the passage, what determines the color of the light emitted by quantum dots? A ．The type of organic solvents used in synthesis.
B ．The size of the quantum dots.
C ．The temperature during the synthesis process.
D ．The concentration of reactants.
82 ．The underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .
A ．complex B ．simple C ．traditional D ．new
83 ．What can we infer from the passage about the future of quantum dots?
A ．They will replace all traditional display technologies soon.
B ．Their use in medical applications will be limited due to toxicity.
C ．Scientists will continue to explore their potential in different fields.
D ．Quantum dot-based solar cells have been already widely used.
84 ．What is the main idea of the passage?
A ．The history of quantum dot development.
B ．The properties, research, applications, and future directions of quantum dots.
C ．The comparison between quantum dots and traditional materials.
D ．The toxicity and safety concerns of quantum dots.
Passage 7
（24-25 学年高一下·江苏盐城东台市·期中）
What if there is no blood left in the bank when patients need an immediate transfusion (输血)? Scientists in Britain plan to become the first in the world to produce unlimited amounts of human blood from embryonic stem cells (胚胎干细胞) for emergency transfusions.
A major research project is to be announced this week, which will end in three years with the first transfusions into human volunteers of man-made blood made from the stem cells of
embryos. It could help to save the lives of anyone from the injured in traffic accidents to soldiers on a battlefield by completely changing the present blood transfusion services, which have to rely on humans to donate fresh blood.
The project will be led by Professor Mare Turner of Edinburgh University, who has been
involved in studies on how to ensure donated blood is safe. Researchers will est human embryos to find those that can develop into the “O-negative” blood — a universal blood group that can be transfused into almost anyone, making it quite unique compared to other blood types. It is
expected that the “O-negative” blood can be produced in unlimited quantities in the future, so it is of great significance to ensure the blood free from viruses such as HIV and the human form of
“mad cow” disease.
The project was held up because of the difficulty of finding funding for research that
attempts to take scientific studies in the lab into the earliest stages of commercial development.
The Wellcome Trust, the world’s biggest medical research charity, has promised to cover the cost of the project, whose spokesman said that an announcement is likely to be made in the coming
week.
85 ．What is the primary purpose of the project?
A ．To save the lives of the injured in accidents.
B ．To inspire more voluntary blood donation.
C ．To produce sufficient blood for emergencies.
D ．To improve the prese

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