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专题 04 阅读理解（议论文、新闻报道）
主题：人与自我
Passage 1
（24-25 高二下·天津·期中）
I laugh a lot, and my laugh is so loud that it can be heard even in a big room full of people. For me, laughing is a way to show how happy I am, and it’s not just my voice; my whole body is involved.
But what is happiness, really
Life can be tough, but if you pay attention, you can find happiness in lots of places: like when you see a pet playing happily, when someone does something nice, or even in quiet
moments.
How can you find happiness Let me give you an example. A friend of mine moved to a
new place and I helped him. He was really happy and relaxed after we finished. I felt happy too. just by helping him. You can find happiness by noticing how it feels when you smile. Where does your body light up when you smile When I smile, it makes me want to take a deep breath, and I notice my shoulders and belly relaxing. When I embody caring and loving, it feels great!
Sadly, many of us are unaware of happiness, or suspicious (怀疑的) of it. Maybe you are
afraid to open up to happiness, or maybe you are so unfamiliar with what happiness feels like that you ignore or resist it when it comes knocking. No one, other than you, owns your happiness. But remember, only you can decide how happy you are, and sometimes we stop ourselves from being happy without realizing it. The fact is that when you can’t embody happiness, you miss out on one of life’s essential vitamins
Want to be happier Don’t be afraid to look a bit silly. Silliness helps us take things less
personally and see the world in a more fun way, like a child does. When we find happiness in the smalls of everyday life, we can embody happiness, rather than just pursuing it.
1 ．What does the author consider laughter to be
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A ．A way to attract people. B ．A way to move the body.
C ．A way to show happiness. D ．A way to show off himself.
2 ．What might be the author’s advice on finding happiness
A ．Smiling to your friends. B ．Doing small acts of kindness.
C ．Reflecting on nothingness. D ．Taking a deep breath.
3 ．Many of us miss out on happiness because we .
A ．are insensitive to it B ．are afraid to lose it
C ．refuse to accept it on purpose D ．lack life’s essential vitamins
4 ．According to the author, we can increase our happiness by .
A ．avoiding being silly carefully B ．taking things less seriously
C ．focusing only on big achievements D ．exploring the world in person
5 ．What message does the author convey in this text
A ．He who laughs last laughs best. B ．Happy people are happy in childhood.
C ．Worry does not seek, but man seeks it. D ．Happiness is everywhere, and find it.
Passage 2
（23-24 高二下·天津·期中）
Tens of thousands of theatre tickets will be given away to young people next year as part of a government campaign to inspire a lifelong love for theatre.
The plan to offer free seats to people aged between 18 to 26—funded with 2.5 million of
taxpayers’ money—was announced yesterday by Andy Burnham, the Culture Secretary. It
received a cautious welcome from some in the arts world, who expressed concern that the tickets may not reach the most underprivileged.
The plan comes as West End theatres are enjoying record audiences, thanks largely to musicals
teaming up with television talent shows. Attendances reached. 13.6 million in 2007, up 10 percent on 2006, itself a record year. Total sales were up 18 percent on 2006 to almost 470 million.
One theatre source criticised the Government’s priorities(优先考虑的事) in funding free tickets when pensioners were struggling to buy food and fuel, saying: “I don’t know why the
Government’s wasting money on this. The Yong Vic, as The Times reported today, offers excellent performances at cheap prices.”
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There was praise for the Government’s plan from Dominic Cooke of the Royal Court Theatre,
who said: “I support any move to get young people into theatre, and especially one that aims to do it all over England, not just in London.”
Ninety-five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the two-year plan. In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 26-year-olds, first-come,
first-served. It is likely to be on Mondays, traditionally a quiet night for the theatre.
Mr. Burnham said: “A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience, and
be inspired to explore a new world. But sometimes people miss out on it because they fear it’s ‘not for them’. It’s time to change this perception.”
Jeremy Hunt, the Shadow Culture Secretary, said: “The real issue is not getting enthusiastic
children into the theatre, but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place. For too many children theatres are a no-go area.”
6 ．Critics of the plan argued that .
A ．the theatres would be overcrowded
B ．it would be a waste of money
C ．pensioners wouldn’t get free tickets
D ．the government wouldn’t be able to afford it
7 ．According to the supporters, the plan should .
A ．benefit the television industry
B ．focus on producing better plays
C ．help increase the sales of tickets
D ．involve all the young people in England
8 ．Which of the following is TRUE about the plan
A ．Ninety-five theatres have received funding.
B ．Everyone will get at least one free ticket.
C ．It may not benefit all the young people.
D ．Free tickets are offered once every day.
9 ．We can infer from the passage that in England .
A ．many plays are not for young people
B ．many young people don’t like theatre
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C ．people know little about the plan
D ．children used to receive good arts education
10 ．According to the passage, the issue to offer free tickets to young people seems .
A ．controversial B ．inspiring C ．exciting D ．unreasonable
Passage 3
（24-25 高二下·天津南开·期中）
Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4, becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture.
Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully
designed museums and monuments to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities.
Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on
“low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. “He has developed a strategy that never relies on a fixed method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and
requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award.
One of Liu’s most well-known projects was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor” for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai.
Liu’s design also focuses on ordinary people. This is reflected in his largest project, West
Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a
soccer field, a market, and pathways (通道) for cyclists and pedestrians (行人). With grass
growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the vitality of ‘everydayness’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. It has become a popular destination for city residents to spend their
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leisure time.
“The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we pursue,” Liu told China
Daily.
11 ．Why did Liu Jiakun win the Pritzker Architecture Prize according to the jury
A ．He consistently applied high-tech methods to create elegant designs.
B ．He developed a unique strategy that adapts to each project’s specific needs.
C ．He focused primarily on large commercial buildings to boost the urban economy.
D ．He was the first Chinese architect to receive international recognition.
12 ．How does Liu Jiakun incorporate local elements into his architecture to achieve beauty A ．By using advanced technology to modernize traditional materials.
B ．By emphasizing simplicity and low-tech solutions with cultural features.
C ．By designing only monuments and museums to preserve heritage.
D ．By combining Western styles with Chinese motifs for global appeal.
13 ．Which of the following statements about the“rebirth bricks” is NOT true
A ．They were created by using rubble from buildings destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake.
B ．They symbolized both material recycling and spiritual renewal for the community.
C ．They were only used in Chengdu-based projects like the Shuijingfang Museum.
D ．They represented a response to the disaster and a metaphor for rebirth.
14 ．What does Liu’s West Village project highlight
A ．The beauty of natural landscapes.
B ．The energy of residents’ daily lives.
C ．The influence of Western architecture.
D ．The importance of eco-friendly materials.
15 ．What is Liu’s ultimate goal in architecture
A ．To contribute to a city’s economic growth.
B ．To design buildings with global appeal.
C ．To improve people’s quality of life.
D ．To create artistic and symbolic landmarks.
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Passage 4
（24-25 高二下·天津南开·期中）
For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his
lifelong goal of reaching Mars. Over the last year, he has also built up work on what will happen if he gets there.
Mr. Musk, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times. One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could
be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to deal with Mars’s terrible environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there.
These initiatives, which are at their early stage, are a shift toward more concrete planning for life on Mars as Mr. Musk’s timeline has hastened (加速). While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self-sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX
employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years.
Mr. Musk has long tried to defy (违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough
odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme — and some might say absurdist — point. No one has ever set foot on the planet. NASA doesn’t expect to land humans on Mars until the 2040s. And if people get there, they will be greeted by
icy temperatures, dust storms, and air that is impossible to breathe.
Yet Mr. Musk sticks to the idea of creating a civilization on Mars—he once said he plans to die there — that it has pushed nearly every business effort he has made on Earth. His vision for Mars underlies most of the six companies that he leads or owns, each of which could potentially
contribute to a space colony, according to the documents and the people with knowledge of the efforts.
The Boring Company, a private tunneling venture founded by Mr. Musk, was started in part to ready equipment to dig under Mars’s surface, two of the people said. Mr. Musk has told people
that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus (共识) might work on Mars. He has also said that he imagines residents on the planet driving a version of the steel-paneled Cybertrucks made by Tesla, his electric vehicle
company.
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16 ．What measures are being taken by SpaceX to realize their dream of Mars
A ．Designing large spaceships and building hospitals.
B ．Planning for habitats and designing spacesuits.
C ．Developing technologies and training medical teams.
D ．Building space stations and inspiring employees to strive.
17 ．What is Elon Musk’s current timeline for establishing a self-sustaining civilization on Mars
A ．40 to 100 years from 2016. B ．Within the next 20 years.
C ．By the 2050s. D ．He has not specified a timeline.
18 ．How do some people find Mr. Musk’s vision for Mars
A ．Practical and achievable. B ．Unreasonable and time-consuming.
C ．Theoretical and promising. D ．Over-ambitious and ridiculous.
19 ．Why did Mr. Musk purchase X social media platform
A ．Because he intended to create a company on Mars.
B ．Because he was interested in promoting social network on Mars.
C ．Because he wanted to make profits by running it on Mars.
D ．Because he dreamt of a resident-managed government for Mars.
20 ．What is the passage mainly about
A ．Elon Musk’s determination and initiatives to put people on Mars.
B ．Elon Musk’s efforts to overcome the challenges of exploring Mars.
C ．Elon Musk’s overall vision for the future development of Mars.
D ．Elon Musk’s companies on Mars and their contributions.
主题： 人与自我
Passage 1
（24-25 高二下·天津和平·期中）
Every day 25 million U.S. children ride school buses. The safety record for these buses is
much better than that for passenger cars. Yet about 10 children are killed each year riding on large
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school buses, and nearly four times that number are killed outside buses in the loading zones (搭车区) . On the whole, however, the nation’s school children are transported to and from school safely.
Even though the number of school bus deaths is not large, the safety of children is under the watchful eye of the public. While everyone wants to see children transported safely, there are two opinions about what needs to be done — especially whether seat belts should be a must.
Supporters of the plan for installing (安装) seat belts on school buses — many of them are parents and medical organizations — argue that seat belts are necessary not only for reducing
death and injury (伤害), but also for teaching children lessons about the importance of using them as a rule in any moving transport. Another important point, they point out, is that seat belts help
keep children in their seats, away from the school bus driver.
People who don’t agree to the plan for installing seat belts on school buses suggest that
children are already well protected by the school buses that follow the Nation Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) safety requirements set in 1977. They also believe that many children won’t wear seat belts anyway, and that they may take off the belts or use them to hurt other children.
A new Research Center report on school bus safety suggests that there are other safety
methods that may be more effective and less expensive. For example, the searcher suggested that raising seat backs by 10cm may have the same safety effectiveness as seat belts.
The report brought forward by the Department of Transportation at the request of Congress reviews seat belts far and wide while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses.
21 ．What do we know about the “school bus” in the United States
A ．The school bus is cheaper than the public bus.
B ．The school bus is safer than the passenger bus.
C ．All the students should take the school bus to school.
D ．The school bus always arrives at school earlier than private cars.
22 ．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A ．The worries from parents and schools.
B ．The dangers the school bus drivers face.
C ．Helpful suggestions from the medical organizations.
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D ．Advantages of installing seat belts on school buses.
23 ．Why don’t some people agree to the plan for installing seat belts on school buses
A ．They think the seat belts cost a lot.
B ．They think the seat belts are not convenient.
C ．They think the school bus is already safe enough.
D ．They think it is difficult for children to learn how to use seat belts.
24 ．What can we infer from this passage
A ．The plan for seat belts on school buses would be seriously considered.
B ．NHTSA doesn’t agree to the plan for installing seat belts on school buses.
C ．Installing seat belts and other methods will be used together in the future.
D ．A new way of raising seat backs by 10cm will soon be used on the school buses.
25 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．Safety in and around School Buses
B ．Seat Belts Needed on School Buses
C ．Making School Buses Even Safer for Children
D ．A New Way to Improve the Safety of School Buses
Passage 2
（24-25 高二下·天津南开·期中）
In today’s digital age, where a vast ocean of information is just a click away, the question arises: can one learn too much Given that no individual can grasp the entirety of human
knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information.
Consider a scenario where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by
conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach.
This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot,
issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. If learning continuously
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prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes.
An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you
feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot.
The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and
then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts,
walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals.
In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a
barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our
aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions.
26 ．What stops people from achieving the goal
A ．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks.
B ．The inability to find relevant information.
C ．The confusion caused by the information.
D ．The desire to learn basic concept or strategy.
27 ．What does the author try to advocate in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A ．Sticking to continuous learning.
B ．Taking practical action without delay.
C ．Gaining as much knowledge as possible.
D ．Prioritizing theoretical knowledge in study.
28 ．Why is practical experience important in the learning process
A ．It replaces continuous learning.
B ．It removes obstacles in learning.
C ．It holds back theoretical understanding.
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D ．It offers a comprehensive understanding.
29 ．The example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5 is used to .
A ．compare different learning styles
B ．show the importance of making mistakes
C ．emphasize the need for parental guidance
D ．explain learning through action and experience
30 ．What makes the best title for the passage
A ．The Paradox of Information Overload
B ．The Harmony of Learning and Doing
C ．The Pursuit of Balanced Knowledge
D ．The Process of Learning to Walk
Passage 3
（24-25 高二下·天津·期中）
Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity.
While the term AI brings to mind anxieties about killer robots or disastrous levels of
unemployment, there are other, deeper consequences. As AI increasingly shapes the human
experience, how does this change what it means to be human Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral consequences.
Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly
making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise
judgment themselves.
In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which
loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) principle is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will.
Recommendation engines, which are increasingly popular media in people’s consumption
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of culture, may serve to restrict choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with
algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste.
As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on greater data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become completely predictable. The predictions are going to get
better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant.
But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures living in the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us.
31 ．What do we learn about the deeper consequences of AI
A ．It is causing disastrous levels of unemployment.
B ．It is doing physical harm to human operators.
C ．It is altering moral judgments.
D ．It is reshaping humanity.
32 ．What is the result of algorithmic principle replacing human judgment
A ．People lose the chance to develop the ability to make practical judgments.
B ．People are prevented from participating in making major decisions in the workplace.
C ．Managers no longer have the chance to decide which loan to approve.
D ．Managers do not need to take the trouble to determine who to hire or fire.
33 ．What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines in our consumption of culture
A ．Consumers will have much limited choice.
B ．Consumers will actually enjoy better luck.
C ．It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy.
D ．Humans will develop tastes similar to machines’.
34 ．What is likely to happen to larger parts of our daily life as machine learning algorithms improve
A ．They will turn out to be more pleasant. B ．They will repeat our past experiences.
C ．They can be completely foreseen. D ．They may become better and better.
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35 ．Why does the author say the creatures living in the more and more AI-mediated world will become increasingly unlike us
A ．They will have lost the most significant element of being intelligent.
B ．They will no longer possess the human characteristic of being unpredictable.
C ．They will not be able to understand themselves as we can do today.
D ．They will be taken away what their ancestors were proud of about themselves.
Passage 4
（23-24 高二下·天津河西·期中）
“I can’t live without my mobile phone!” is what I often hear people say as they talk about how mobiles have become an essential part of their lives.
The all so common sight of heads bent, eyes staring at mobile screens and fingers busy
tapping away repeats itself across major cities around the world. Whenever there is a moment to spare while on the train, taxi or waiting in a queue, people busy themselves with their mobile
phones.
Some people believe our unhealthy obsession (着迷) with mobile phones is destroying how we appreciate the little things in life or miss the moments that matter. The truth is that technology overall should be seen as just a tool to improve our lives.
Mobile phones have certainly had a great influence on our lives, but I truly believe it is for the better.
It has changed the way we communicate, whether for work or play. We are now less
constrained (限制) by time and geographical location. With my mobile phone, I can dial into
conference calls while stuck in a traffic jam,or reply to urgent e-mails while on the go. I can send a text message or share photos and videos with friends who aren’t living in the same country. My phone calendar keeps my life organized, and even Facebook, Twitter, and instant messaging are now accessible from mobile phones!
The mobile revolution isn’t just changing the lives of urbanities (都市人) like myself. I know of a young Bangladeshi woman named Shompa Akhter who is crazy about fashion and
design. She dreamt about starting her own business and she did just that, opening a shop in
Kushtia featuring her own creations. Dealing with supplies in different towns was a problem for
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Shompa-purchase orders had to either be hand delivered or mailed out to supplies. Shompa also found it tough publicizing her business to potential customers outside her town. But once she
learnt to operate the mobile phone, she was addicted. The 25-year-old businesswoman now stays in touch easily with her suppliers. Mobile e-mail is a blessing in her life.
Who would have thought that mobility could bring about such enormous change It shouldn’t really be a surprise though.
36 ．In the first two paragraphs, the author wants to show .
A ．mobile phones make people communicate less
B ．mobile phones make people’s life more enjoyable
C ．people’s health is greatly affected by mobile phones
D ．people become addicted to mobile phones in daily life
37 ．What’s the author’s attitude towards mobile phones
A ．Doubtful. B ．Supportive. C ．Critical. D ．Uninterested.
38 ．Paragraph 5 is mainly about .
A ．New functions of mobile phones B ．New changes in Information Age
C ．The advantages of mobile phones D ．The author’s personal experiences
39 ．How is the text mainly developed
A ．By inferring.
B ．By analyzing causes.
C ．By giving examples.
D ．By comparing different ideas.
40 ．What do we know about Shompa from the passage
A ．She operates a food store.
B ．She is addicted to Internet surfing.
C ．Mobile e-mail is still unavailable to her.
D ．Her mobile phone helped her business a lot.
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1 ．C 2 ．B 3 ．A 4 ．B 5 ．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了作者对幸福的理解，认为幸福可以通过笑声和小事中体现，鼓励人们通过简单的快乐和善意行为来感受和体现幸福。
1 ．细节理解题。根据第一段的“For me, laughing is a way to show how happy I am, and it’s not just my voice; my whole body is involved.(对我来说，笑是一种表达我有多高兴的方式，而不仅仅是我的声音；我的全身都参与其中)”可知，作者认为笑是一种展示快乐的方式。故选 C。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第四段的“How can you find happiness Let me give you an example. A friend of mine moved to a new place and I helped him. He was really happy and relaxed after we finished. I felt happy too. just by helping him.(你怎样才能找到幸福？让我举个例子。我的一个朋友搬到了一个新地方，我帮了他。我们结束后，他真的很开心，也很放松。我也感到很高兴。只是帮助他)”可知，作者通过帮助朋友的例子，说明了做小善举可以带来幸福。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段的“Sadly, many of us are unaware of happiness, or suspicious (怀疑的) of it. Maybe you are afraid to open up to happiness, or maybe you are so unfamiliar with what happiness feels like that you ignore or resist it when it comes knocking.(可悲的是，我们中的许多人都没有意识到幸福，或者对幸福持怀疑态度。也许你害怕向幸福敞开心扉，或者你对幸福的感觉太陌生了，以至于当幸福来临时，你会忽略或抵制它)”可知，许多人对快乐不敏感，因此错过了快乐。故选 A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Silliness helps us take things less personally and see the world in a more fun way, like a child does. When we find happiness in the smalls of everyday life, we
can embody happiness, rather than just pursuing it.(愚蠢有助于我们减少对个人的看法，以一种更有趣的方式看待世界，就像孩子一样。当我们在日常生活的小事中找到幸福时，我们可以体现幸福，而不仅仅是追求幸福)”可知，作者建议不要害怕表现得有点傻气，这样可以帮助我们不那么认真对待事情，找到日常生活中的小幸福。故选 B。
5 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But what is happiness, really (但幸福到底是什
么？)”可知，文章整体传达了一个核心信息，即幸福无处不在，关键是要学会发现和感受它。文章多次提到在日常生活中寻找幸福，如帮助他人、微笑、放松身体等。故选 D。
6 ．B 7 ．D 8 ．C 9 ．B 10 ．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出英国政府计划向 18-26 岁的年轻人免费发放剧场票，
答案第 1 页，共 10 页
以此激励他们对戏剧的喜爱，各方对此举持不同的看法。
6．细节理解题。由第四段的“One theatre source criticised the Government’s priorities(优先考虑的事) in funding free tickets when pensioners were struggling to buy food and fuel, saying: “I
don’t know why the Government’s wasting money on this.（一位剧场老板批评称，当那些领养老金的人还在为衣食发愁时，政府优先考虑的竟然是给免费戏票拨款，他说：我不知道政府为什么把钱浪费在这上面）”可知，持批评态度的人认为这一计划是在浪费钱，政府应当关注更要紧的事情。故选 B 项。
7 ．细节理解题。由第五段中引述支持一方的观点“I support any move to get young people into theatre, and especially one that aims to do it all over England, not just in London.（我支持任何鼓励年轻人进入剧院的举措，更支持其中致力于在全英格兰范围内、而不仅仅是在伦敦这样做的举措）”可知，持赞成态度的一方认为该计划应当惠及整个英格兰的年轻人，而不仅限于伦敦地区。故选 D 项。
8 ．细节理解题。由第六段第一句“Ninety-five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the two-year plan.（在为期两年的计划中，九十五家公立的剧院都可以申请资金）”可排除A；由第六段第二句“In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 26-year-olds, first-come, first-served.（作为回报，它们将每周至少有一天向 18-26 岁的年轻人提供免费票，先到先得）”可排除 B 、D 。故选 C 项。
9 ．推理判断题。由第七段中“But sometimes people miss out on it because they fear it’s ‘not for them ’. It’s time to change this perception.（但有时候人们会因为担心戏剧不适合他们而错过。是时候改变这种看法了）”和第八段中“The real issue is not getting enthusiastic children into the theatre, but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place. For
too many children theatres are a no-go area.（真正的问题不在于把热爱戏剧的孩子们送进剧院，而在于提高艺术教育，这样更多的年轻人才愿意尝试进入剧院。对于很多孩子们来说，剧院都是禁区）”可知，政府向年轻人免费赠送票，就是因为年轻人对观看戏剧不感兴趣。故选 B项。
10．推理判断题。浏览文章，文中说明英国政府的剧院计划后，第四段和第五段分别阐述了反对者的意见和赞同者的观点，显然向年轻人提供免费票这一决议是存在争议的。故选 A项。
11 ．B 12 ．B 13 ．C 14 ．B 15 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国建筑师刘家琨获 2025 年普利兹克奖，介绍
答案第 2 页，共 10 页
其设计理念是因地制宜，融入本土元素与低技术美学，并通过“再生砖”和“西村大院”项目体现对社会关怀与日常生活活力的关注。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中““He has developed a strategy that never relies on a fixed method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award. (评委会在颁奖词中表示：“他发展了一种策略，从不依赖固定方法，而是根据不同项目的具体特点和需求进行评估。”)”可知，
评委会颁给刘家琨该奖项的原因是他开创了一种独特的策略，适应每个项目的具体需求。故选 B 项。
12 ．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. (The
Spaces 报道称，“刘的作品不拘泥于特定风格，而是融入本土元素，依靠‘低技术’的简洁性实现美感。”)”可知，刘家琨通过强调具有文化特色的简约设计和低技术解决方案做到这一点。故选 B 项。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor” for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai. (为了帮助灾后重建，刘家琨就地取材，用小麦纤维、水泥和倒塌建筑的瓦砾制成特殊砖块。英国《卫报》评价称，这些“再生砖”不仅是环保材料，更是“充满诗意的隐喻”——既象征物质的重生，也承载着国殇时刻社区精神的重塑。这些砖块后来被广泛应用于他的多个项目中，包括成都水井坊博物馆和上海诺华制药公司总部)”可知，砖块还被用于上海的项目，非仅限于成都。故选 C 项。
14 ．细节理解题。根据第五段中“With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the vitality of ‘everydayness’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. (砖缝间青草蔓生，这个项目颂扬着“ 日常生活的蓬勃生命力” ，评论家 Austin Williams 在 2017 年如此写道)”可知，西村大院项目彰显了居民日常生活的蓬勃活力。故选 B 项。
15 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we pursue,” Liu told China Daily. (刘对《中国日报》表示：“建筑的目的是创造美好、公正且有
答案第 3 页，共 10 页
尊严的生活环境。我们追求的是人们的真实生活、幸福和尊严。”)”可知，刘家琨在建筑上的最终目标是提高人们的生活质量。故选 C 项。
16 ．B 17 ．A 18 ．D 19 ．D 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要介绍了 Elon Musk 致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措。
16．细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中的“One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to deal with Mars’s terrible environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have
children there.(一个团队正在为小型圆顶栖息地制定计划，包括可以用来建造它们的材料。
另一个正在研究宇航服，以应对火星的恶劣环境，而一个医疗小组正在研究人类能否在火星上生孩子。)”可知，SpaceX 公司正在采取的措施是规划栖息地和设计宇航服。故选 B。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self-sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now
expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years.(尽管他在 2016 年表示，在火星上建立一个自给自足的文明需要 40 到 100 年的时间，但 Mr. Musk 在今年 4 月告诉 SpaceX 的员工，他现在预计，大约 20 年后，火星上将有 100 万人居住。)”可知，Elon Musk 目前关于在火星上建立自给自足文明的时间表是从 2016 年起算，40 到 100 年内。故选 A。
18 ．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Mr. Musk has long tried to defy (违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly
limitless ambitions to their most extreme—and some might say absurdist—point. No one has ever set foot on the planet.(Mr. Musk 长期以来一直试图挑战不可能的事情，并经常成功地克服困 难。但他对火星生活的愿景将他看似无限的野心推向了极端——有些人可能会说这是荒谬的。从来没有人踏足过这个星球。)”可知，一些人认为 Musk 的火星愿景是好高骛远和荒谬的。故选 D。
19．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus (共识)
might work on Mars.(Mr. Musk 告诉人们，他收购了社交媒体平台 X，部分原因是为了帮助测试一个由公民领导、以共识治国的政府如何在火星上运作。)”可知，Musk 购买 X 社交媒体平台是因为他梦想在火星上建立一个居民管理的政府。故选 D。
20 ．主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其是第一段的“For more than two decades, Elon Musk has
答案第 4 页，共 10 页
focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars.(20 多年来，Elon
Musk 一直把他的火箭公司 SpaceX 专注于他的终身目标——登陆火星。)”和第二段的“Mr. Musk, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city,
according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York
Times.(据了解《纽约时报》看到的相关工作和文件的五名知情人士透露，Mr. Musk 指示
SpaceX 员工深入研究火星城市的设计和细节。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk 致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措，因此文章的主旨是 A 选项“Elon Musk’s determination and
initiatives to put people on Mars.(Elon Musk 将人类送上火星的决心和计划。)”。故选 A。
21 ．B 22 ．D 23 ．C 24 ．A 25 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕美国校车是否应该安装安全带展开讨论，介绍了支持者和反对者的观点，还提及了其他可能更有效且低成本的安全方法。
21 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The safety record for these buses is much better than that for
passenger cars. (这些校车的安全记录比乘用车要好得多)”可知，美国的校车比乘用车更安全。故选 B 项。
22 ．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Supporters of the plan for installing (安装) seat belts on school buses — many of them are parents and medical organizations — argue that seat belts are
necessary not only for reducing death and injury (伤害), but also for teaching children lessons
about the importance of using them as a rule in any moving transport. Another important point,
they point out, is that seat belts help keep children in their seats, away from the school bus driver. (支持在校车上安装安全带计划的人——其中很多是家长和医疗组织——认为安全带不仅对于减少死亡和伤害是必要的，而且对于教导孩子们在任何移动交通工具中遵守使用安全带的规则的重要性也是必要的。他们指出的另一个重要点是，安全带有助于让孩子们坐在座位上，远离校车司机)”可知，该段主要讲述了在校车上安装安全带的好处。故选 D 项。
23 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“People who don’t agree to the plan for installing seat belts on school buses suggest that children are already well protected by the school buses that follow the
Nation Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) safety requirements set in 1977. (不同意在校车上安装安全带计划的人认为，遵循国家公路交通安全管理局 1977 年制定的安全要求的校车已经很好地保护了孩子们)”可知，一些人不同意安装安全带是因为他们认为校车已经足够安全了。故选 C 项。
24 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The report brought forward by the Department of
答案第 5 页，共 10 页
Transportation at the request of Congress reviews seat belts far and wide while taking a broader
look at safety in and around school buses.(这份报告是由交通部应国会要求提出的，该报告广泛审查了安全带，同时更广泛地审视了校车内外的安全问题)”可知，国会要求交通部就在校车上安装安全带的问题进行了调研，说明相关部门将认真考虑在校车上安装安全带的计划。故选 A 项。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Even though the number of school bus deaths is not large, the safety of children is under the watchful eye of the public. While everyone wants to see
children transported safely, there are two opinions about what needs to be done — especially
whether seat belts should be a must.(虽然校车死亡人数不多，但儿童的安全受到公众的关注。虽然每个人都希望看到孩子们安全出行，但关于需要做些什么，尤其是是否必须系安全带，有两种观点)”和最后一段中“The report brought forward by the Department of Transportation at the request of Congress reviews seat belts far and wide while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses.(这份报告是由交通部应国会要求提出的，该报告广泛审查了安全带，同时更广泛地审视了校车内外的安全问题)”可知，文章围绕如何保障校车安全展开，讨论了校车上是否应安装安全带和其它保障孩子们安全的方法。故 C 项“让校车对孩子们来说更安全”能概括文章主旨，最适合做文章标题。故选 C 项。
26 ．C 27 ．B 28 ．D 29 ．D 30 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。
26 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your
understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal
seem more complex and out of reach. (你一开始会进行大量研究，深入钻研这个主题。但随着吸收的信息越多，反而会感觉自己的理解在减弱。每一个新概念或策略都会揭示出更深层的复杂性，让目标显得愈发遥不可及)”可知，信息过载引发的困惑会使人无法实现目标。故选C 项。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍)
practical application. (虽然获取全面的知识很有价值——也就是说，大量学习本身并没有错——但当这种追求阻碍实际应用时，问题就会出现)”和第四段中“Gather essential information,
答案第 6 页，共 10 页
(
,
)then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. (收集必要信息后，就立即付诸行动——即便你觉得自己还没完全准备好)”可知，大量学习有可能会阻碍实际应用因此在收集必要信息后就应该付诸行动。由此可知，作者主张毫不拖延地采取实际行动。故选 B 项。
28 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience
provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. (这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验能提供单纯理论知识无法给予的洞见)”可知，实践经验能提供更完整的理解。故选 D 项。
29 ．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by
attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t.
Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. (婴儿学步就是个很好的例子。孩子不是靠坐着分析走路过程来学习的，而是通过不断尝试行走、跌倒，然后从每次跌倒中领悟哪些方法可行、哪些不可行。经过反复练习，最终掌握了行走的能力)”可知，此处用婴儿通过行走、跌倒、调整来学习走路的类比，说明从行动中学习的重要性。由此可知，作者用该例证生动地解释通过行动和经验来学习。故选 D 项。
30 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. (实现目标的另一种更有效方法，是在学习与实践之间取得平衡)”和最后一段中“It’s through the interplay of gathering
knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced
approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards
realizing your ambitions. (正是通过获取知识与实践运用的相互作用，我们才能真正向理想迈进。这种平衡之道，是克服“过度学习瘫痪症” 、积极实现抱负的关键所在)”可知，文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。因此，B 项“学与做的和谐”概括了作者提出的解决方案，适合作为文章标题。故选 B 项。
31 ．D 32 ．A 33 ．A 34 ．C 35 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人工智能如何改变人类的生活，尤其是对人类决策能力和不可预测性的潜在影响。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. (例如，人工智能正在改变人类)”以及第二段中“While the term AI brings to mind anxieties about killer
答案第 7 页，共 10 页
robots or disastrous levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper consequences. As AI
increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human (虽然人工智能这个词会让人联想到对杀人机器人或灾难性失业水平的担忧，但还有其他更深层次的后果。随着人工智能越来越多地塑造人类体验，这如何改变人类的意义？)”可知，人工智能除了会带来一些人们普遍担忧的后果（如失业等）外，更重要的是它正在重塑人类。故选 D。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) principle is
replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical
judgment in these areas no longer will. (在这些领域，算法原则正在取代人类的判断，因此那些原本可能有机会在这些领域发展实际判断能力的人将不再有机会)”可知，算法原则取代人类判断导致人们失去了发展实际判断能力的机会。故选 A。
33．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Recommendation engines, which are increasingly popular media in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to restrict choice and minimize luck. (推荐引擎在人们文化消费中越来越受欢迎，但它可能会限制选择，减少运气成分)”可知，随着推荐引擎在文化消费中的广泛应用，消费者的选择可能会受到限制。故选 A。
34 ．细节理解题。根据第六段“As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on
greater data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become completely predictable. The
predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. (随着机器学习算法的改进，以及它们在更大数据集上的训练，日常生活的更大一部分可能会变得完全可预测。预测会越来越准确，最终会让人们的共同体验更加高效和愉快)”可知，随着机器学习算法的改进，日常生活的大部分可能会变得完全可预测。故选 C。
35 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people
understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process
of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures living in the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但是，在不可预测性是人 们理解自己和喜欢自己的方式的一部分的程度上，人类正在失去一些重要的东西。随着它们变得越来越可预测，生活在日益由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像我们)”可推知，作者认为不可预测性是人类自我理解和自我喜爱的一部分，而随着人工智能的发展，人们的生活变得越来越可预测，因此生活在由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不
答案第 8 页，共 10 页
像人类。即人工智能的发展导致人类生活变得越来越可预测， 从而失去了不可预测性这一人类特性。故选 B。
36 ．D 37 ．B 38 ．C 39 ．D 40 ．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了手机对人们生活的影响，作者认为手机虽然让人们变得上瘾，但总体上对生活有积极影响，并通过个人经历和他人故事进行说明。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段“‘I can’t live without my mobile phone! ’ is what I often hear people say as they talk about how mobiles have become an essential part of their lives.(‘没有手机我活不下去 ！’我经常听到人们这样说，他们谈论手机如何成为他们生活中必不可少的一部分)”以及第二段“The all so common sight of heads bent, eyes staring at mobile screens and fingers busy tapping away repeats itself across major cities around the world.(在世界各大城市，随处可见人们低着头，眼睛盯着手机屏幕，手指不停地敲打着键盘)”可知，在前两段中，作者想要展示的是人们在日常生活中对手机上瘾。故选 D。
37 ．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mobile phones have certainly had a great influence on our lives, but I truly believe it is for the better.(手机无疑对我们的生活产生了巨大影响，但我真正相信这是为了变得更好)”以及第五段“It has changed the way we communicate, whether for work or
play. We are now less constrained(限制)by time and geographical location.(它改变了我们交流的方式，无论是工作还是娱乐。我们现在不受时间和地理位置的限制。)”可知，作者对手机的态度是支持的。故选 B。
38．主旨大意题。根据第五段“It has changed the way we communicate, whether for work or play. We are now less constrained(限制)by time and geographical location. With my mobile phone, I
can dial into conference calls while stuck in a traffic jam,or reply to urgent e-mails while on the
go. I can send a text message or share photos and videos with friends who aren’t living in the same country. My phone calendar keeps my life organized, and even Facebook, Twitter, and instant
messaging are now accessible from mobile phones!(它改变了我们交流的方式，无论是工作还是娱乐。我们现在受到时间和地理位置的限制更少了。有了我的手机，我可以在堵车时拨打电话参加电话会议，也可以在赶路时回复紧急电子邮件。我可以给不在同一个国家的朋友发短信或分享照片和视频。我的手机日历让我的生活井井有条，甚至 Facebook 、Twitter 和即时通讯现在都可以从手机上访问！)”可知，第五段主要讲的是手机的优势。故选 C。
39 ．推理判断题。根据第三段“Some people believe our unhealthy obsession(着迷)with mobile phones is destroying how we appreciate the little things in life or miss the moments that matter.
答案第 9 页，共 10 页
The truth is that technology overall should be seen as just a tool to improve our lives.(有些人认为，我们对手机的不健康痴迷正在破坏我们欣赏生活中小事的能力，或者让我们错过重要的时刻。事实上，从整体上看，技术应该被视为一种改善我们生活的工具)”以及第四段“Mobile phones have certainly had a great influence on our lives, but I truly believe it is for the better.(手机无疑
对我们的生活产生了巨大影响，但我真正相信这是为了变得更好)”可知，作者先提出一些人的观点，然后给出自己的观点，这是通过比较不同的观点来展开文章的。故选 D。
40 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Shompa also found it tough publicizing her business to
potential customers outside her town. But once she learnt to operate the mobile phone, she was
addicted. The 25-year-old businesswoman now stays in touch easily with her suppliers. Mobile
e-mail is a blessing in her life.(Shompa 还发现很难向镇外的潜在客户宣传她的业务。但一旦她学会了操作手机，她就上瘾了。这位 25 岁的女商人现在可以很容易地与供应商保持联系。手机电子邮件是她生活中的一大福音)”可知，Shompa 的手机对她的生意帮助很大。故选 D。
答案第 10 页，共 10 页

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