资源简介

专题 03 阅读理解 说明文
主题 01 人与社会
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·安徽淮北十二中·期中)
Living near bars and fast-food restaurants could be harmful to heart health, according to a new research. These kinds of ready-to-eat food environments typically provide unhealthy foods and drinks, and have been related to cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, said Lu Qi, a head researcher at Tulane University in New Orleans.
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart can’t get enough blood to meet the body’s needs. This study is likely the first to evaluate (评估) the connection between food environment and heart failure with long-term observation. “Most previous researches on the relation between nutrition (营养) and human health have been focused on food quality, neglecting the impact of food environment,” Qi said. “Our present study highlights the importance of accounting for food environment in nutrition researches.”
Researchers evaluated the connection using data from more than 500,000 adults in the
United Kingdom. They measured participants’ exposure (接触 ) to three types of food
environments — bars, restaurants and fast-food restaurants. Exposure was determined ‘ by
proximity (living within 1 kilometer) and density (the number of ready-to-eat food stores within 1 kilometer).
The study documented nearly 13,000 heart failure cases during a 12-year follow-up period and the results showed that participants with 10 or more ready-to-eat stores near their homes had a 16% greater risk of heart failure than those with no ready-to-eat food environments. Those closest to the bars(less than 500 meters) had a 14% higher risk than those who lived the farthest away
(more than 3,000 meters).
The researchers noted the findings suggested that creating healthier food environments and improving physical fitness facilities, along with helping more people receive higher levels of
试卷第 1 页，共 34 页
education, could reduce the increased risk of heart failure linked to quick-meal options.
Overall, the study stresses the importance of improving food environments to prevent heart failure, and the researchers note that more studies are needed, particularly evaluating nutrition
unsafety, to make sure of the applicability of this study’s results.
1 ．What does the underlined word “neglecting” in paragraph 2 mean
A ．Questioning. B ．Identifying. C ．Considering. D ．Ignoring.
2 ．How did the researchers get their research findings according to paragraph 4
A ．By making a comparison. B ．By explaining a theory.
C ．By showing an argument. D ．By describing a process.
3 ．What is presented in paragraph 5
A ．Possible causes. B ．Solving strategies.
C ．Research results. D ．People’s reactions.
4 ．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A ．Ways Food Is Cooked Really Count
B ．Single Food Choices Lead to Nutritional Imbalance
C ．Ready-to-eat Food Surroundings Could Harm Heart Health
D ．Fast Food Is Increasingly Entering the Consumption Market
Passage 2
(24-25 学年高二下·福建南安成功中学·期中)
The livestreaming and fast delivery industry have attracted so many young people that the industrial sector is short of manpower. “My advice is to encourage more young people to work in the factories and less in the express delivery sector,” Zhang Xinghai, a deputy to the National
People’s Congress, China’s top legislature, said during the ongoing NPC annual session.
Zhang wants more young people to work in the factories so that China’s manufacturing (制造业) sector continues to flourish.
Whatever job young people do is a matter of choice, but the manufacturing sector is facing a labor crunch (短缺) for too many people prefer jobs in other sectors.
A survey conducted by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in the third quarter of 2021 found that of 100 jobs that were facing a manpower crunch, 58 were in the
试卷第 2 页，共 34 页
manufacturing sector. By 2025, the shortage in 10 key manufacturing industries could be as high as 30 million.
It is time some strong measures were taken to attract people back to the factories. This can be done by raising the salaries of factory workers.
According to a survey in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong province, the annual income of express delivery workers in the city is more than 100,000 yuan ($15,831). In contrast, the average monthly salary of those doing blue-collar jobs in Guangdong in 2020 was just 7,108 yuan, or
about 84,000 yuan a year. That gap surely needs to be reduced.
Besides, the legal rights and interests of those doing blue-collar jobs need to be better
protected. Express delivery workers can decide when they want to work, but factory workers have to work whenever the factory demands.
Therefore, the authorities should protect factory workers’ rights to weekends, 8-hour working schedules and paid leave.
Also, the promotion and salary growth structure of factory workers must be clearly defined. In a nutshell, to lure young people back to the factories, it is necessary to make blue-collar jobs
more attractive.
5 ．What can we infer from Zhang Xinghai’s words
A ．The future of the express delivery sector is hopeless.
B ．Working in factories in China are attractive to young people.
C ．Most young people are unwilling to work in the manufacturing sector.
D ．Working as a delivery man is quite easy for young people.
6 ．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A ．A lot of jobs in China are facing a labor crunch.
B ．Employment rate in China will be dramatically increased by 2025.
C ．There are 10 manufacturing industries facing manpower shortage in total.
D ．The industrial sector is facing a severe labor shortage.
7 ．Which is NOT the reason for manpower shortage in factories
A ．Flexible working hours. B ．Lower incomes.
C ．Undefined promotion structure. D ．Unprotected legal rights.
8 ．What is the author’s attitude towards the current situation of manufacturing industry
试卷第 3 页，共 34 页
A ．Indifferent. B ．Concerned. C ．Unclear. D ．Neutral.
Passage 3
(24-25 学年高二下·福建南平一中·期中)
The technology for speech-recognition systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many voice systems can understand the language when spoken at a normal
conversational rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used today are unable to trick the listeners into thinking a computer is a human. Why is this Simply put, it’s
because human beings rely on more than words to convey ideas or interpret messages, such as tones, facial expressions, body movements, and objects in the world around them.
One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal
assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words.
While the potential for “real” communication between a human and a machine may seem
exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be
undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right
emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave
behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data.
For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth
expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human.
9 ．According to the text, what can a VPA do
试卷第 4 页，共 34 页
A ．Entertain users with its original jokes. B ．Enable people to regard it as a human.
C ．Hold preprogrammed conversations. D ．Display the right tones in conversations.
10 ．Which situation reflects the concerns mentioned in the text
A ．One VPA service was priced higher for protecting users’ privacy.
B ．An airline bore high costs for applying VPAs to its online service.
C ．An app failed to offer the right direction when given spoken instructions.
D ．Some teenagers became more socially awkward due to the addiction to VPAs.
11 ．What is the purpose of the text
A ．To inform readers of the double-edged quality of a new technology.
B ．To inspire readers to explore the future of a new technology.
C ．To promote the application of a new technology.
D ．To stress the convenience of a new technology.
12 ．What might be the best title of the text
A ．The worries over VPAs. B ．Listening to“a real person”.
C ．The world of technology. D ．Talking to technology.
Passage 4
(24-25 学年高二下·福建泉州中远学校·期中)
When students got their textbooks at the beginning of the year at San Mateo High School, they also received the Yondr pouch Youdr (口袋), a locking device for their phones. The phone
slides into it and gets locked through a magnetic (磁力的) device. It’s not unlocked again until the final bell rings. The procedure will repeat every day for the rest ofthe school year.
Adam Gelb, the vice-president, ran a pilot project last year with 20 students and decided to do a school-wide, bell to bell program for this school year. The Yondr pouch is a start-up in San Francisco with a mission to create phone-free spaces, something that is the very thought with
Gelb.
“I really think it’s about being present and engaging in the adult that’s trying to teach you, and your peers that might be in your small group. That’s part ofthe main philosophy that we're trying to spread,” he said.
Brad Friedman, another teacher at the school, said he was becoming concerned with
试卷第 5 页，共 34 页
overuse of phones at school. He said he often saw students completely lost on their phones, some not socializing at all with other students.
This week, he’s already seeing the difference. “Everyone else was socializing and eating lunch together. That’s what I wasn’t seeing enough of when phone usage is at its worst,” he said.
A senior at San Mateo High School Djelani Phillips-Diop said he definitely panicked at first when he heard he had to lock his phone. “I panicked, I guess. Last year when we had phones, I
was using it every day,” he said.
In case of emergency, every classroom has the unlocking device. Teachers still have access to their own cellphones and desk phones. “We’ve gotten all 1,700 students unlocked with a matter of minutes,” said Gelb.
We spoke to four students who, despite their initial panic, agreed that a phone-free school experience has its benefits.
13 ．What can we learn about the Yondr pouch from paragraph 1
A ．It is a device to lock phones. B ．It is a bell to unlock phones.
C ．It is a device to be used for a year. D ．It is a phone intended for students.
14 ．The Youdr pouch is used more in Gelb’s school to .
A ．create space to use phones freely
B ．help the students to be more outgoing
C ．encourage more mutual communication among students
D ．help the students to realize the harm of overuse of phones
15 ．What is Friedman’s attitude to the use of the Yondr pouch
A ．Concerned. B ．Favorable.
C ．Disapproving. D ．Doubtful.
16 ．What can be learned from the passage
A ．The students were willing to have their phones locked at first.
B ．The phone will get unlocked automatically when there is an emergency
C ．Students prefer eating lunch together with their phones in hand.
D ．Some students came to realize the benefits of the phone-free program.
试卷第 6 页，共 34 页
主题 02 人与自我
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·广东化州·期中)
Do you ever find yourself randomly thinking back to the times we wandered, collecting wildflowers and smiling beneath the sky That feeling is often referred to as nostalgia (怀旧).
Psychologists have defined nostalgia as a self-conscious, social emotion, bittersweet but
dominantly positive. It comes from our happy memories and our desire to go back to the past and reconnect with the people we cared about. Often, nostalgia involves sensory stimuli. On some
occasions, the smell of autumn leaves might generate a fierce longing for your childhood home. Almost everyone can experience nostalgia, although its object tends to vary throughout life. One survey conducted by the psychologist Krystine Irene Batcho found that younger people felt more nostalgia for pets, toys, and holidays than did older people, who felt it more strongly for music.
In contrast to its links to negative emotions, nostalgia doesn’t make us sadder. Rather,
nostalgia is a defensive response to unhappiness, one that brings relief from a negative mood.
Research from 2006 shows that nostalgia can actually strengthen social ties, improve self-esteem, and uplift our mood. Other studies suggest that it can also enhance our view of life’s meaning,
reduce fear of death, boost spirituality, and increase optimism.
Scholars remain uncertain about the precise mechanism behind the effectiveness of
nostalgia; however, some suggest that reflecting on joyful memories strengthens our sense of
self-worth and belonging, particularly during times of loneliness or self-doubt. Its power lets the
happiness of the past overcome the current unpleasantness, offering a bit of escape from tough
times. To form stronger connections, we can establish traditions around shared past experiences in families, friend groups, and workplaces. Observing special occasions like childhood sports or
post-college meetups can give us something to look forward to.
Perhaps because it is so powerful and complex, nostalgia has received magical treatment
from poets and writers. “The past is hidden somewhere outside the realm (领域), beyond the reach of intellect,” Marcel Proust wrote.
17 ．Why does the author mention “autumn leaves” in the second paragraph
A ．To illustrate the complexity of nostalgia.
B ．To emphasize the joyful nature of nostalgia.
试卷第 7 页，共 34 页
C ．To clarify nostalgia’s connection to our senses.
D ．To stress individual variety of experiencing nostalgia.
18 ．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A ．The mismatch between two findings.
B ．The potential benefits of nostalgia.
C ．The impact of nostalgia on personal mood.
D ．The mechanisms behind nostalgia’s effects.
19 ．What does the author suggest us do in paragraph 4
A ．Create shared traditions for bonding and joy. B ．Record the social gatherings regularly.
C ．Recognize the unnecessary social gatherings.D ．Say no to the concept of escapism.
20 ．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A ．Nostalgia: Why We Should Avoid Reflecting on the Past
B ．Nostalgia: A Shelter Against the Unhappiness of Our Life
C ．A Nostalgia Warning: Our Mental Health Being Attacked
D ．Power of Nostalgia: Struggling for an Irreplaceable Present
Passage 2
(24-25 学年高二下·陕西永寿县中学·期中)
Beauty sleep is a real thing, researches have shown that people who have enough sleep look more attractive (有魅力的) to others.
A few bad nights is enough to make a person look“ especially” more ugly, their sleep experiments show.
The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleep experiment. They were asked to get a good night’s sleep for two nights.
A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in a
row. The researchers took make-up free (素颜) photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep. Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge them on
attractiveness, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them: “How much would you like to make friends with this person in the picture ”
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and, if they
试卷第 8 页，共 34 页
were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.
The strangers also said they wouldn’t want to socialize with the tired students. The
researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away. In other words, people don’t want to hang around with people who might be ill.
Dr. Brewer, an expert at the University of Liverpool said “Judgement of attractiveness is
often unconscious, but we all do it, and we are able to judge on even something small like whether someone looks tired or unhealthy. This study is a good reminder of how important sleep is to us.”
21 ．When did the researchers take make-up free photos
A ．After two nights’ good sleep.
B ．After two nights’ bad sleep.
C ．Before the experiment.
D ．After both two nights’ good sleep and two nights’ bad sleep.
22 ．The researchers asked the strangers to do the following except .
A ．telling who looked healthier B ．telling who didn’t have many friends
C ．telling who missed a lot of sleep D ．telling who was attractive
23 ．What kind of friends did the strangers like to make
A ．The people who were tired.
B ．The people who were sleepy.
C ．The people who were unhealthy.
D ．The people who were attractive and energetic.
24 ．According to the passage, which of the following is the best title
A ．Beauty sleep, More attractive. B ．More sleep, More Friends.
C ．Less sleep, Fewer friends. D ．No attractiveness, No friends.
Passage 3
(24-25 学年高二下·广东东莞七市·期中)
Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.
But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be
试卷第 9 页，共 34 页
more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German
universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their
endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even
prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed
can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t
fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.
25 ．What did scientists from German universities recently discover
A ．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.
B ．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.
C ．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.
D ．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.
26 ．Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment
A ．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.
B ．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.
试卷第 10 页，共 34 页
C ．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.
D ．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.
27 ．What does the underlined word “notion” mean
A ．Effect. B ．Goal. C ．Opinion. D ．Question
28 ．What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service A ．They can help ease depression symptoms.
B ．They are the best way to treat depression.
C ．They only work for those with serious depression.
D ．They can help people completely recover from depression.
Passage 4
(24-25 学年高二下·福建泉州科技中学·期中)
Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs
For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common,
especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is
that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong.
A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you
beyond that
To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more
likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to
improve their performance and master the material for the next test.
试卷第 11 页，共 34 页
Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through
their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought.
Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about
replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.”
29 ．Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger
A ．To express his sorrow for the loss.
B ．To stress the high risk of space flights.
C ．To show the result of wrong operation.
D ．To give an example of overconfidence.
30 ．What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research
A ．It urged students to gain recognition.
B ．It encouraged students to take exams.
C ．It helped students to adjust learning methods.
D ．It motivated students to memorize knowledge.
31 ．What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5
A ．Fully mastered a subject. B ．Put great effort into a subject
C ．Really enjoyed a subject. D ．Benefited a lot from a subject.
32 ．What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs
A ．Why questioning our belief is hard.
B ．Why intellectual humility is helpful.
C ．How to become a confident person.
D ．How to practice intellectual humility.
主题 03 人与自然
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·广东佛山南海区·期中)
For the first time in U.S history, scientists launched an emergency effort this week to rescue
试卷第 12 页，共 34 页
critically endangered smalltooth sawfish, which are succumbing (屈服) rapidly to the mysterious fish ailment (疾病) ravaging the Florida Keys.
As of early April, 30 sawfish (锯鳐) have died, all of them older teenagers or adults,
ranging from 7 to 14 feet in length. There are likely only about 650 breeding females living in Florida, one of only two remaining wild populations left due to overfishing and loss of habitat throughout the Atlantic.
“This level of mortality on an endangered species is unprecedented. And therefore, to some degree, this is an unprecedented response,” says Adam Brame, sawfish recovery coordinator for
NOAA (国家海洋和大气局) Fisheries, one of the government agencies working with a network of private aquariums and nonprofits to capture the fish and bring them into captivity.
A type of ray, the smalltooth sawfish has a flattened body with a large tooth-studded saw, or rostrum. They slash their saw side to side to stir up critters in the seafloor and stun fish, and use it to defend themselves against predators such as sharks.
“It looks like a hedge trimmer (树篱修剪器) on the front, a stingray in the middle and a shark on the back end,” says Brame. “If you put those three things together and have a little
cauldron, then poof, out pops a sawfish.”
The smalltooth sawfish, which can live 30 years, is also notable for being the first marine
fish to receive federal protection under the Endangered Species Act, in 2003. Conservation efforts had been slowly building the sawfish population back up — until now.
“The entire U.S. population depends on Florida, which is a lifeboat population,” says
Yannis Papastamatiou, a marine biologist and shark expert at Florida International University who is not involved in the rescue initiative.
That’s why, he says, such an urgent response is so crucial. “To suddenly start losing all of these animals could be potentially catastrophic and could potentially turn back decades of
conservation.”
Since November 2023, a total of 57 fish species in Florida have displayed the spinning behavior, caused by an unknown culprit that is under investigation.
33 ．What feature can allow sawfish to stun fish
A ．Their flattened body shape.
B ．Their tooth-studded saw or rostrum.
试卷第 13 页，共 34 页
C ．Their ability to slash their saw side to side.
D ．Their defense mechanisms against predators.
34 ．What does the underline sentence suggest
A ．The sawfish has a special survival technique.
B ．The sawfish’s saw is primarily used for hunting.
C ．The high mortality rate requires an extraordinary conservation effort.
D ．The government is working with other organizations to save the sawfish.
35 ．The phrase “unknown culprit” is used to refer to .
A ．A new fish species
B ．A person causing harm
C ．The reason for the spinning behavior
D ．A fishing method
36 ．Choose the best title for passage: .
A ．The Unique Habitats of the Elusive Smalltooth Sawfish
B ．The Plunge & deliver of the Vulnerable Smalltooth Sawfish
C ．Florida: The Key to Saving the Smalltooth Sawfish
D ．The Secret Reasons for the Smalltooth Sawfish’s Decline
Passage 2
(24-25 学年高二下·广东广州天河外国语·期中)
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even
more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to
试卷第 14 页，共 34 页
grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and
chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
37 ．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A ．It guarantees the variety of food. B ．It requires day-to-day care.
C ．It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D ．It relies on farmer’s markets.
38 ．What information does the convenient app offer
A ．Real-time weather changes. B ．Current condition of the plants.
C ．Chemical pollutants in the soil. D ．Availability of pre-seeded pods.
39 ．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A ．They have a great passion for sports.
B ．They are devoted to community service.
C ．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D ．They have a strong environmental awareness.
40 ．What does the text mainly talk about
A ．BMF’s major strengths. B ．BMF’s general management.
C ．BMF’s global influence. D ．BMF’s technical standards.
Passage 3
(24-25 学年高二下·浙江杭州西湖区·期中)
Astronomers have uncovered the feeding schedule of a supermassive black hole, revealing that it consumes material about every three and a half years. The discovery provides key
information about mysterious cosmic (宇宙的) forces, deepening scientists’ understanding of how
试卷第 15 页，共 34 页
the universe is formed.
Astronomers first noticed the black hole’s activity when the galaxy it resides in experienced a significant increase in brightness in 2018. They identified this as a tidal (潮汐的) disruption (扰乱) event, which occurs when a star is torn apart by the intense gravitational (引力的) forces of a black hole. As the star was pulled apart, its material heated up, producing X-ray and ultraviolet
light that was observed by the telescopes. This emission eventually faded, suggesting that the black hole had consumed the matter.
However, about two years later, the X-ray and UV light from the galaxy broke up again. This unexpected resurgence (复苏) suggested that the star had only been partially consumed
during its first encounter, with more material being taken away as it approached the black hole again.
The astronomers learned that the star had moved into a highly extended orbit around the black hole after the first encounter. When it eventually approached again, the galaxy lit up with X-ray and UV light as more of the star’s material was consumed. This discovery allowed the
scientists to calculate the star’s orbital period, helping them learn that the black hole consumes material approximately every three and a half years.
On these grounds, the team predicts that the black hole’s next encounter with the star will begin between May and August 2025, although it is expected to be smaller, as most of the star has already been destroyed.
41 ．What is the significance of the discovery of the feeding schedule of a black hole
A ．It led to scientists’ discovery of a supermassive black hole.
B ．It made the formation of the black hole known to scientists.
C ．It changed scientists’ views about the threat from black holes.
D ．It broadened scientists’ knowledge of the power of the universe.
42 ．What made the black hole’s activity discovered
A ．The powerful gravitational pull of a black hole. B ．The X-ray and UV light released by the star.
C．A sudden decrease in the galaxy’s brightness. D．A sharp rise in radio signals from the galaxy.
43 ．What does the author imply in paragraph 3
A ．The star had the ability to recover. B ．The black hole had unstable forces.
试卷第 16 页，共 34 页
C ．The star partly survived the black hole. D ．The star shone before being pulled apart.
44 ．Which of the following statements is true according to the team’s prediction
A ．The black hole’s feeding schedule will be changed.
B ．The next encounter will take place outside the orbit.
C ．The next encounter will be tinier than the previous one.
D ．The star will be completely consumed by the black hole.
Passage 4
(24-25 学年高二下·四川绵竹中学·期中)
Beneath the quiet surface of a forest lies a busy network scientists call the “Wood Wide
Web.” Far from being isolated (孤立的) individuals, trees communicate, share resources, and even send warnings through an underground system offungi (真菌).
The key players in this hidden conversation are mycorrhizal fungi (菌根真菌). These
thread-like organisms connect tree roots, forming vast networks. Research from the University of British Columbia reveals that up to 90% of land plants depend on these fungi. Through this
interdependent relationship, trees exchange nutrients like carbon and nitrogen. Older “mother
trees” often act as hubs, sending extra sugars to younger saplings struggling in shaded areas — a phenomenon called “forest family connections.”
When under attack, trees release chemical signals. A 2023 study in Nature Ecology &
Evolution demonstrate that acacia trees bitten by giraffes produce ethylene (乙烯) gas. Nearby
trees pick up these chemical signals from the air within minutes and increase tannin (鞣酸)
production, making their leaves bitter and less tasty. Similarly, pine trees attacked by beetles send out warning signals through fungal networks, pushing neighbors to boost defensive resins (树脂).
Not all interactions are cooperative. Some plants, like the ghost orchid (兰花), hack the
network to steal nutrients om nearby trees without offering anything in return. Other species, such as black walnut trees, release toxins(毒素) to restrain competitors — a strategy called “biological warfare” by ecologists.
Understanding this “social network” challenges traditional views of forests. Logging
dominant mother trees can collapse entire ecosystems, much like removing servers from the internet. Scientists now advocate for selective cutting practices that preserve fungal networks,
试卷第 17 页，共 34 页
ensuring forests’ resilience (适应力) against climate change.
As author Peter Wohlleben notes in The Hidden Life of Trees, “Forests are super-organisms with intelligence we’re just beginning to decode.” This silent dialogue beneath our feet reminds us that nature’s deepest conversations often happen without a single word.
45 ．What method do acacia trees use to warn nearby trees of giraffe feeding
A ．Transmitting electrical signals through roots.
B ．Releasing a warning gas into the air.
C ．Increasing sugar distribution via fungal networks.
D ．Producing defensive resins in bark.
46 ．What does “biological warfare” refer to in paragraph 4
A ．Using chemicals to kill insects. B ．Fighting for sunlight through height.
C ．Releasing poisons to contain competitors. D ．Stealing nutrients via underground roots.
47 ．Why should mother trees be preserved according to scientists
A ．They maintain ecosystem stability.
B ．They support younger trees with nutrients.
C ．They connect the forest’s fungal network.
D ．They help forests resist climate change.
48 ．Which title best summarizes the article’s main idea
A ．Amazing Tree Growth Speed Records B ．New Discoveries About Forest Animals
C ．Dangerous Chemicals in Forest Plants D ．Underground Communication Among Trees
主题 01 人与社会
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·江苏南京十二中·期中)
In the risky world of nuclear arms control, Princeton student Lepowsky is exploring how
robots can make inspections more accurate and acceptable to host nations worried about invasive (侵入的) traditional methods. His latest research has led to a robot performing inspections without
试卷第 18 页，共 34 页
saving sensitive information.
“The host nation likely won’t want a human inspector poking their nose around,” said
Lepowsky. “But even a robot has memory and sensors acquiring data.” The goal is to have
high-confidence inspections without the robot saving information. For example, the robot would not save radiation measurements or create floor plans of sensitive areas.
The new prototype (样机) is built on an iRobot Create 3 platform, an educational robot.
Robots offer advantages over human inspectors:they can tolerate higher radiation levels, are more consistent, and can be cheaper. They also can be programmed to generate trust, such as not using cameras to avoid seeing unwanted details. The idea for the robot started with Lepowsky’s adviser, Glaser, who was curious about creating a “forgetful robot” that could perform highly accurate
nuclear arms inspections but forget everything afterward. This led to an even more interesting
idea: “Rather than forgetting, we’re not even remembering in the first place,” Lepowsky said. He believes this feature can reassure hosts concerned about privacy.
Lepowsky likes the interdisciplinary nature of his work — drawing on both his robotics and policy expertise — and he likes that it requires a breadth of knowledge, not just depth. He values that his research is grounded in real-life applications for global security and nuclear
nonproliferation (防扩散).
Predicting when the robot might be used in the field is difficult. “It’s easy to say, today, it’s not very realistic, but you have to be ready for if and when it becomes possible,” said Lepowsky. Research into this problem is very active. Because arms control is changing, the specific
objectives of future agreements are hard to predict. “But we can hope they will be positive, and we need to be ready, technically. “
49 ．In which aspect is Lepowsky’s robot different from human inspectors
A ．Data security. B ．Memory capacity. C ．Social acceptance. D ．User friendliness.
50 ．What is said about the robot in paragraph 3
A ．Its accurate system. B ．Its privacy risks.
C ．Its design mechanism. D ．Its operational problems.
51 ．What does Lepowsky like about his work
A ．Scientific research data. B ．Real-time technical cooperation.
C ．In-depth theoretical studies. D ．Integrated knowledge across fields.
试卷第 19 页，共 34 页
52 ．Which would be the best title for this passage
A ．Princeton’s “Forgetful” Robots in Global Security
B ．No-Memory Robots:The Future of Nuclear Checks
C ．Nuclear Arms Control:Robots or Human Inspectors
D ．Lepowsky’s “Curious” Robots for Radiation Detection
Passage 2
(24-25 学年高二下·四川绵阳中学·期中)
Today, the widespread ability to use Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services in online retail is transforming how consumers pay for purchases. Rather than relying on traditional payment
methods, consumers are increasingly using BNPL services to spread payments across interest-free installments (免息分期付款).
In new research, we found that BNPL adoption led to immediate and substantial increases in spending. Consumers who adopted BNPL were more likely to purchase, with purchase
probability increasing from 17% to 26%. Furthermore, when adopting consumers made purchases, their basket sizes were 10% larger on average than before the introduction of BNPL.
Furthermore, the data also reveals a significant aspect of BNPL’s influence on consumer
spending patterns. In subsequent tracking studies, it was observed that these increases in spending were not transitory: They lasted for close to six months, showing that BNPL drives lasting gains rather than short-term rises in consumer spending.
To understand how BNPL increases spending, we conducted experiments and found that
participants who paid in installments felt less financially constrained (财务受限) than those who paid in full. BNPL’s ability to divide payments into smaller amounts gives consumers a sense of better control over their budget. Smaller payments seemed more manageable, even when larger
payments were delayed. Additionally, the smaller amounts made consumers feel the cost was less important, encouraging them to add more items to their purchases.
At first glance, BNPL may seem like a win-win for both sellers and consumers. However, our findings suggest that sellers are most likely to see increased spending from financially
constrained consumers who rely on credit cards. Given that BNPL can encourage overborrowing and lead to financial pressure, it’s important to be careful about who is offered BNPL and how
试卷第 20 页，共 34 页
much they can use. Like a tempting dessert, BNPL can seem appealing short-term but carries risks if overused, leading to a financial “sugar crash”.
53 ．What do we know about BNPL
A ．It boosts consumer spending. B ．It involves high-interest fees.
C ．It raises the price of products. D ．It sets up a minimum purchase.
54 ．What does the underlined word “transitory” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A ．Rapid. B ．Fixed. C ．Temporary. D ．Permanent.
55 ．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A ．Ways of using BNPL services.
B ．BNPL’s influence on consumers.
C ．Disadvantages of paying in installments.
D ．A comparison of different payment methods.
56 ．Why does the author mention “tempting dessert” in the last paragraph
A ．To urge people to stop using BNPL.
B ．To show the wide application of BNPL.
C ．To state the benefits of BNPL for sellers.
D ．To warn people to be cautious about BNPL.
Passage 3
(24-25 学年高二下·江苏南京十二中·期中)
Most people see innovation as a flash of brilliance and Eureka, a new world is born. When Alexander Fleming returned to his lab in 1928, he found a bacteria culture he had grown was
infected by fungus (霉菌), killing any colonies it touched. Rather than simply starting over,
Fleming switched his focus to the fungus. He identified the bacteria-killing substance, which he
called “penicillin”, and seemingly in a single stroke, created the new field of antibiotics. The truth, however, is messier. It wasn’t until 1943 that penicillin came into widespread use.
To put Fleming’s discovery in context, consider Ignaz Semmelweis, who pioneered hand washing in maternity wards (产房), significantly reducing childbed fever but receiving scorn
instead of fame. That was because in the 1850s, his ideas conflicted with the popular miasma
theory, which attributed disease to “bad airs” . After his death in 1865, germ theory was accepted,
试卷第 21 页，共 34 页
paving the way for Fleming’s later work.
Fleming was a gifted biologist but a poor communicator. When he published his results in 1929, few took notice. In 1935, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain discovered Fleming’s paper,
understood its importance, and developed methods to produce penicillin in quantity. By 1943,
with World War II raging, the War Production Board enlisted 21 companies to mass-produce
penicillin, saving countless lives and ushering in the new age of antibiotics. Fleming, Florey and Chain received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1945.
Penicillin owes much ofits success to government support. For many other groundbreaking innovations like the Internet and GPS, their innovators, while carving their own path, are often
uncertain of where the opportunity lies until they team up with other visionaries and corporations, who might have the resources to fast-track their ideas. So, look at any significant innovation and the myth of the lone genius and the “eureka moment” breaks down.
57 ．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A ．An account of a lab story. B ．Redefinition of a traditional view.
C ．Correction of a popular misconception. D ．An analysis of a scientific phenomenon.
58 ．What is the message conveyed about Fleming’s story
A ．Great minds think alike.
B ．The early bird catches the worm.
C ．Luck’s got your back when it comes to success.
D ．Early work is a steppingstone to later breakthroughs.
59 ．What does the underlined part “ushering in” mean in paragraph 3
A ．Delaying. B ．Introducing. C ．Predicting. D ．Transforming.
60 ．Which of the following can be the best title
A ．Great Innovations: Individuals Are True Heroes.
B ．From Failure to Success: The Story of Penicillin.
C ．The Lone Genius: Fleming’s Discovery of Penicillin.
D ．The Long Road to Penicillin: How Innovation Happens.
Passage 4
试卷第 22 页，共 34 页
(24-25 学年高二下·浙江杭州学军中学·期中)
In February, the CEO of Wendy’s, a popular American fast-food chain, said that they
would start experimenting with dynamic pricing. For example, the bacon might cost $7.99 at 7 a.m. when everyone eats breakfast, and $6.99 three hours later when it’s not breakfast time, but also not lunch time either.
“Load balancing” is a similar concept in energy and transportation. Utilities (公用事业)
charge less for power overnight, and transit (运输) agencies charge higher fares during rush hour to encourage users to shift toward off-peak times, when energy and trains are in less demand. And there is “peak-period pricing” on ride-hailing (打车) platforms, which is meant to quickly
stimulate more drivers to start picking up passengers.
In an era before the Internet, changing prices was costly, requiring updating signs or
applying markdown stickers by hand. As restaurants, retailers, parking garages, gyms, hair salons became more automated, price changes became effortless even at physical stores. It’s easy to
understand why companies want to change prices more frequently: to make more money. But does that mean that as dynamic pricing spreads, prices will be higher on average. Senator Sherrod
Brown ，Democrat of Ohio, posed the question to the Federal Reserve chair, Jerome H. Powell, calling the technique “just another way for corporations to make it harder for consumers to seek out lower prices”.
Mr. Powell responded that dynamic pricing lowers prices as well as raises them, and the
overall impact on price levels isn’t yet known. When one company dominates the market,
dynamic pricing is more likely to raise prices overall. But in a competitive environment, dynamic pricing can also lead to price wars that benefit consumers.
61 ．Which of the following situations belongs to “dynamic pricing”
A ．Lower ticket prices on weekdays. B ．Lower room prices for advance booking.
C ．Higher food prices for non-members. D ．Higher products prices for large amounts.
62 ．Why is “load balancing” employed according to paragraph 2
A ．To manage resources. B ．To maximize profits.
C ．To stimulate economy. D ．To benefit customers.
63 ．What is the attitude of Senator Sherrod Brown to dynamic pricing
A ．Supportive. B ．Critical. C ．Objective. D ．Indifferent.
试卷第 23 页，共 34 页
64 ．Which is the best title for the text
A ．History of Food price Policies. B ．Innovations on Fast Food Menus.
C ．Great Influence of Dynamic Pricing. D ．Dynamic Pricing in Modern Economy.
主题 02 人与自我
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·陕西西安二十六中·期中)
A new study, led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), found the
benefits of letter-spacing and coloured overlays (涂层) among a group of dyslexic (诵读困难的) and non-dyslexic children. It discovered that text with increased space between letters
provided a benefit for both groups of children. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while the comparison group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase in reading speed.
The study involved 59 children aged between 11 and 15,32 of whom had dyslexia, with 27 non-dyslexic children forming a control group. The participants were from six UK schools in
Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire and London.
Participants read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter-spacing, both with and without a coloured overlay. The children were instructed to read these texts out loud while being recorded. The recordings were used to measure the number of errors they made—specifically
missed words, added words, wrong words, and pronunciation—as well as the participants’ reading time.
In addition to improving reading speed of children with and without dyslexia, the larger
letter-spacing also resulted in a significant reduction in the number of words being missed by the children with dyslexia. Dr Stagg said, “We believe that extra-large letter-spacing reduces what is known as the ‘crowding effect’, which can prevent the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.”
When viewed in the context of previous research, the findings strongly suggest that teaching professionals should be confident that all children will be helped by increased
letter-spacing in reading materials. It’s a relatively simple change for teachers to make when they produce handout s and exercises, and children with dyslexia won’t feel singled out by the
试卷第 24 页，共 34 页
introduction of specially adapted reading materials, as this change is something that everyone can benefit from.
The study showed colored overlays didn’t affect reading speed or error reduction in
children. Despite this, Dr. Stagg recommends using them, as they might improve reading stamina (耐力).
65 ．What does the new study focus on according to Paragraph 1
A ．The features of dyslexia.
B ．The gap in children’s reading ability.
C ．Ways of examining children’s comprehension.
D ．Certain factors helping improve children’s reading ability.
66 ．What did the researchers do during the study
A ．They asked children to document the reading material.
B ．They taught children some reading skills.
C ．They studied the recordings of children’s reading.
D ．They observed children’s performances in class.
67 ．How are children with dyslexic affected by the “crowding effect”
A ．They may read materials faster than usual.
B ．They may make more mistakes when reading.
C ．They are forced to reflect on themselves more.
D ．They are willing to spend more time reading.
68 ．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 5
A ．The significance of previous dyslexia children research.
B ．The necessity of paying attention to children with dyslexia.
C ．The suggestions and expectations from teaching professionals.
D ．The practicability and benefits of specially adapted reading materials.
Passage 2
(24-25 学年高二下·江苏南师大附中·期中)
The last time my husband and I went out for an elegant restaurant dinner, the server came to our table and began to recite a long list of specials, with detailed descriptions of how the dishes
试卷第 25 页，共 34 页
were made and where the ingredients had been sourced. Her recitation went on and on, and as she spoke, I became almost more interested in how she could remember all those descriptions than I
was in thinking about the food. Meanwhile, I couldn’t remember where I’d put my keys before we left for the restaurant.
The good news is that not remembering where you put your keys is generally not a sign of dementia (老年痴呆). And on the contrary, being able to remember a long list of restaurant
specials isn’t necessarily a sign of extraordinary mental ability, either. Memory is far more
complicated than the dining out experience could ever show. While most of us are terrified about developing dementia, fewer than 10% of adults aged 65 and older will wind up with dementia
such as Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默症).
“Some memory loss is normal as people age.” says Joel Salinas, a behavioral neurologist. “It’s not the kind of decline that interferes with the ability to live your life.” And, he adds, “There are areas that actually improve with age. Vocabulary is one.”
Jessica Zwerling, a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease, compares the effect of aging on memory to kind of like getting traffic on the brain. “It may take longer to
find a word; it may come to you later. The speed of processing can go down, but your
hippocampus, the part of the brain most associated with memory, should be functioning.” And the memories themselves are stored in various sections of the cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the
brain. “Memory is all these different brain networks working in concert with each other,” says Dr. Salinas.
69 ．Why does the author mention the dining out experience in the first paragraph
A ．To clarify the distinct differences. B ．To introduce her awkward situation.
C ．To teach readers how to recite menus. D ．To highlight the complexity of memory.
70 ．What does the underlined phrase “interferes with” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A ．Promote. B ．Limit. C ．Mix. D ．Acquire.
71 ．What can we know about aged people with memory loss according to the text
A ．They act like an Alzheimer’s patient.
B ．They can’t live a normal life independently.
C ．They are sure to suffer dementia some day.
D ．They may recall some forgotten words after a while.
试卷第 26 页，共 34 页
72 ．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A ．The mechanism of memory loss in brain. B ．The brain parts in charge of memorizing.
C ．The procedures of memory experiments. D ．The result of losing memory in brain.
Passage 3
(24-25 学年高二下·山东蒙阴一中·期中)
When was the last time you ate and only focused on eating Many of us eat while working, fiddling with our smartphones or on the go. Distracted eating, as it is termed in scientific
literature, coincides with greater flexibility in where we can eat our food and the accessibility of distractions. As a result, “you get this weird blend of different activities. They’re no longer fixed to certain places and times,” said Lotte van Dillen, a professor of social psychology at Leiden
University. “You can do everything anywhere at any moment. That’s not good.”
When van Dillen and her colleagues conducted studies of large, representative samples of people in the Netherlands, they found a “surprisingly consistent” result: Roughly 70 to 75 percent of the time, people are distracted and doing something else when they eat.
Distracted eating could have adverse (不利的) health consequences. Studies show that
when we are distracted, we tend to eat more. And when we are done eating, we are more likely to eat again sooner. In turn, regular distracted eating is associated with weight gain.
At the same time, distractions prevent us from fully tasting or enjoying what we are eating by disrupting signals in our brain. Despite eating more, “it’s kind of tragic that you’re not enjoying it so much,” van Dillen said.
When we eat, our guts (肠道) getting full, a process which takes about 20 minutes. But
being distracted makes it harder to release satiety hormones that signal to our brains that we are experience these satiety signals. Distractions add cognitive load to our brains that competes with and reduces our ability to sense not only the amount of food and how full we are getting, but also its taste.
In an early experiment from a 2013 study, van Dillen and her colleagues had 42 participants sweeten their own lemonade with sugary syrup to taste. Some were distracted by an easy cognitive task (memorizing a one-digit number), while others had a harder one (memorizing a seven-digit
number). Those challenged with the harder mental task added a whopping 50 percent more of the
试卷第 27 页，共 34 页
sugary syrup but did not report their drink as sweeter than participants doing the easier mental task.
In a follow-up 2023 study published in the journal Appetite, van Dillen and her colleagues put 46 participants in an FMRI brain scanner and fed them sugar water of different sweetness
levels through a bundle of tubes. When participants had a more challenging cognitive task, they rated the strong sugar solution as less sweet than when the task was easy. In short, distractions have a “sledgehammer effect” on our senses, van Dillen said.
In a 2024 study, van Dillen and her colleagues found evidence that distractions cause
otherwise enjoyable activities such as eating a snack, reading a novel or watching TV, to feel less enjoyable that we expected. Feeling underwhelmed, we are more likely to overconsume to make up for this shortfall in enjoyment, engaging in what researchers call “hedonic (快乐的)
compensation.”
73 ．Which of the following behaviors can be considered as “distracted eating”
A ．You eat dinner at a fixed place and time.
B ．You eat snacks while working on your essay.
C ．You have breakfast in a relaxing environment.
D ．You have lunch at school without doing anything else.
74 ．What can we know about “satiety hormones” from paragraph 5
A ．They make distractions.
B ．They stimulate appetite.
C ．They add cognitive load.
D ．They send satiety signals.
75 ．How did van Dillen and her colleagues carry out their experiments
A ．By conducting interviews. B ．By testing effectiveness.
C ．By making comparisons. D ．By distributing surveys.
76 ．What can we learn from the studies
A ．Distracted eating prompts us to taste more flavors.
B ．Fully experiencing the food can help us better enjoy it.
C ．Distractions fail to change how the brain processes taste.
D ．The food will be tasteless if we choose to do harder work.
试卷第 28 页，共 34 页
Passage 4
(24-25 学年高二下·江西玉山一中·期中)
Can you imagine getting a tooth pulled out or other major dental procedures without
pain-killer A scientist colleague of mine used a “focus in” technique instead of requesting
pain-killer at the dentist. Each time the dentist touched the tooth, my colleague felt bubbles of joy, and this lasted until the dentist interrupted by asking, “Why are you smiling ”
A fair question at this point is why anyone would want to be fully aware of intense or
painful procedures. But what may sound like a punishing choice—to directly face hurt or
suffering—may in some instances be beneficial. A stream of scientific articles suggests that there are benefits in turning toward discomfort or negative emotions with acceptance. In addition, all of us can gain from finding ways to cope with stress and suffering—particularly when larger
circumstances are beyond our control. As a researcher who has studied meditation (冥想) for more than 20 years, I believe that the development of calmness, a central element of certain mindfulness meditation practices, can help. I’m not advocating for people to put themselves in dangerous or
painful positions. But when we push ourselves into challenging or confusing situations, much like trainers who push athletes just past their comfort zone to make gains, learning often happens.
Indeed, a 2022 study with more than 2,000 people demonstrated that those participants who were publicly encouraged to push themselves into awkward, uncomfortable situations—including
taking classes to boost self-confidence and reading about opposing viewpoints—later reported the greatest degree of personal growth.
My own research indicates that meditation provides an ideal way to practice turning toward discomfort-particularly when it trains up one’s calm mind. People who reported higher levels of calmness reported less psychological distress (困扰).
Right now people are hurting for many reasons and looking for ways to cope. Without
question, there are many important steps we need to take collectively to respond to these
challenges. But we can each build our ability to recover on a personal level as well by cultivating greater acceptance of our experience—good or bad, painful or pleasant—in the present moment.
77 ．The author uses the first question in Paragraph 1 to .
A ．introduce the topic.
试卷第 29 页，共 34 页
B ．illustrate an argument.
C ．highlight an opinion.
D ．promote a pain-killer.
78 ．What is the benefit of turning towards discomfort and negative emotions
A ．It helps in avoiding suffering fully.
B ．It increases psychological distress.
C ．It leads to personal growth.
D ．It promotes a sense of calmness.
79 ．What is the author’s view on putting oneself in dangerous or painful positions
A ．The author encourages it as a way to improve fitness.
B ．The author discourages it due to its potential harm.
C ．The author believes it is necessary for personal growth.
D ．The author recommends it to those confused trainers.
80 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．Turning Towards Discomfort: My Experience of Staying Stressful and Successful
B ．Expanding Comfort Zones: The Difference Between Discomfort and Calmness
C ．Mindfulness and Meditation: The Tools for Dealing with Stress and Suffering
D ．Cultivating Calmness: The Benefits of Mindfulness in Enjoying Dental Operation
主题 03 人与自然
Passage 1
(24-25 学年高二下·广东广州天河外国语·期中)
In 2015, Doc Brown, a “mad scientist”, takes teenager Marty McFly to the future in a flying car. In that future, cars fly through the sky. But now, 10 years after the future shown in the movie, flying cars are still not real.
However, flying cars, a popular idea in sci-fi since the early 1900s, might soon become
real. According to Xiaosong Du, an assistant professor at Missouri University of Science and
Technology, the technology to make flying cars already exists. In fact, some companies have even tested prototypes (样机).
A flying car would probably look like a mix of an airplane and a helicopter. Since airplanes
试卷第 30 页，共 34 页
need runways, a flying car would take off like a helicopter using rotating blades (叶片). After take-off, wings would extend from the car's body, allowing it to fly like an airplane with less air resistance.
Another design option is to add propellers (螺旋桨) to the wings. At first, the wings would face upwards to help the propellers lift the vehicle. Once in the air, the wings would tilt to lie flat, making the car fly like an airplane.
These designs don't look like the flying cars from sci-fi. Instead, they look like military helicopters, like those in some movies.
One big challenge for people traveling in flying cars is expense. A US company plans to sell flying cars that can also drive on roads, but they will cost about $300, 000 each.
Most flying cars will be electric due to sustainability concerns, but batteries are heavy and have limited range. Flying cars require a lot of power, especially during take-off. Current batteries can only power a flying car for 20 to 30 minutes. Unlike a regular car, a flying car cannot just pull over when out of power — it would fall. So Du and many other researchers are trying to improve battery efficiency before flying taxis take off.
81 ．Why does the author mention the movie in the first paragraph
A ．To introduce the topic about flying cars.
B ．To remember a scientist inventing flying cars.
C ．To show people's longing for flying cars.
D ．To praise a boy for his adventurous spirit in flying cars.
82 ．Which of the following is a big barrier to people using flying cars
A ．The wings' flexibility. B ．The road safety.
C ．The flight rules.

展开更多......

收起↑