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沪教牛津版八年级下册
Unit 4
Arts and heritage
主题范畴：人与社会
Grammar
Key question
What role do arts and crafts play in our lives
Long long ago, there lived an unlucky guy named Doudou. People there only do three things: eat, sleep, beat Doudou.
Doudou always （beat）by someone.
is beaten
你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。
Warming-up
昨天晚上 ，它又被打了。
Doudou last night.
was beaten
明天，豆豆还会面临暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。
Doudou tomorrow.
will be beaten
1.Doudou is always beaten by someone.
2.Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
3.Doudou will be beaten tomorrow.
注意：被动语态里，人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的
动作
承受者
am
is
are
+过去分词
主语+
+(by + 动作执行者）
动作
执行者
动作
1.一般现在时被动语态的构成
1.Doudou is always beaten by someone.
豆豆总是被人打。
动作
承受者
was
were
+过去分词
主语+
+(by +动作执行者）
动作
执行者
动作
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成
2.Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
豆豆昨晚被人打。
will be
+过去分词
主语+
+(by + 动作执行者）
动作
执行者
动作
3.一般将来时的被动语态构成
3.Doudou will be beaten tomorrow.
豆豆明天要被打。
动作
承受者
Read the sentences below. Pay attention to the words in bold.
The painting was damaged by fire, and it was split into two pieces.
The two parts of the painting were shown together at last in 2011.
The paintings will be displayed in the library.
The artist will be invited to give a talk.
观察句子，并发现语言现象
We use _________________ to form the passive in the simple past.
We use ______________ to form the passive in the simple future.
was or were + p.p.
will be + p.p.
Read Pages 52-53, and find out the similar sentences quickly.
1. Huang Gongwang painted it.
2. Hundreds of artists copied it.
3. People at last showed the two parts of the legendary
painting together in one exhibition.
It was painted by Huang Gongwang.
It was copied by hundreds of artists.
The two parts of the legendary painting were at last shown together in one exhibition.
1. Huang Gongwang painted it.
2. Hundreds of artists copied it.
3. People at last showed the two parts of the legendary
painting together in one exhibition.
It was painted by Huang Gongwang.
It was copied by hundreds of artists.
The two parts of the legendary painting were at last shown together in one exhibition.
观察句子，并发现语言现象
1. Huang Gongwang painted it.
2. Hundreds of artists copied it.
3. People at last showed the two parts of the legendary
painting together in one exhibition.
It was painted by Huang Gongwang.
It was copied by hundreds of artists.
The two parts of the legendary painting were at last shown together in one exhibition.
观察句子，并发现语言现象
总结语言规律：主动句变被动句
1. 主变宾，宾变主；
2. 谓语be加-P.P.；
判断下列句子是主动语态（A），还是被动语态（P）。
1. Sometimes a cormorant sits on Damin’s head.
2. Damin sets off on his boat with his birds.
3. A piece of grass is tied around the neck of each bird.
4. At night, a light is hung on the post at the front of the boat.
5. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket.
A
P
P
P
A
主变被解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
They made shoes in that factory.
Shoes
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数
were
3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态
4. 修改谓语 ----即原句动词改为过去分词
made
5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语
by them in that factory.
We will invite the artist to give a talk.
The artist
invited
by us to give a talk.
will be
My father bought me a new bike.
I
bought
a new bike by my father.
was
A new bike
bought
was
for me
by my father.
注意：双宾变被动：
人作主语直接变，物作主语要加 to/for
Things to remember
1. 被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者或动目标,有及物动词可用于被动语态。
take place, break out, belong, happen, die, last, appear 等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
正: Half of the messages didn’t belong to him.
误: Half of the massages weren’t belonged to him.
2.在make, see, hear, notice, watch, feel 等动
后面的不定式不带 “ to”变为被动语态时必须加上 “ to”。
I saw her go into the classroom.
She was seen to go into the classroom.
1 John broke the window.
2 Sally threw the stone.
3 She will hold an art show in 2028.
4 Mrs Li taught us history last year.
5 They will build a new library next year.
将主动句改为被动句。
The window was broken by John.
The stone was thrown by Sally.
An art show will be held by her in 2028.
We were taught history by Mrs Li last year.
A new library will be built by them next year.
History was taught to us by Mrs Li last year.
Now let’s finish the exercises in the textbook.
(1) In 1269, a boy named Lu Jian was born into a poor family. He lost his parents at a very young age, and he was later adopted by Huang Le. Following the custom of the day, his family name was changed from Lu to Huang. From then on, he was known as Huang Gongwang. He worked for the government and then became a painter. Most of his famous landscapes were painted after his 70th birthday. His last years were spent near the Fuchun River in Zhejiang. Huang loved the beautiful landscape in the area, and his best paintings were created there. He passed away at the age of 86.
Read the two passages and underline examples of the passive in the simple past and the simple future.
(1) In 1269, a boy named Lu Jian was born into a poor family. He lost his parents at a very young age, and he was later adopted by Huang Le. Following the custom of the day, his family name was changed from Lu to Huang. From then on, he was known as Huang Gongwang. He worked for the government and then became a painter. Most of his famous landscapes were painted after his 70th birthday. His last years were spent near the Fuchun River in Zhejiang. Huang loved the beautiful landscape in the area, and his best paintings were created there. He passed away at the age of 86.
Read the two passages and underline examples of the passive in the simple past and the simple future.
Read the two passages and underline examples of the passive in the simple past and the simple future.
(2) Four weeks ago, the local painting competition began. Some art teachers and local artists were invited to be the judges. The competition was a great success! The winners will be announced this afternoon. Awards for the top five paintings will be presented. This year, an artist under the age of 18 will be given a special prize. All the paintings will be put on display in the local library for two e and have a look!
Read the two passages and underline examples of the passive in the simple past and the simple future.
(2) Four weeks ago, the local painting competition began. Some art teachers and local artists were invited to be the judges. The competition was a great success! The winners will be announced this afternoon. Awards for the top five paintings will be presented. This year, an artist under the age of 18 will be given a special prize. All the paintings will be put on display in the local library for two e and have a look!
An 84-year-old grandmother’s first art show
Granny Chen started painting when she was very young, but she never showed anyone her paintings. When she was 84 years old, her first art show (1)______________ (hold) at the local library. Dozens of her paintings (2)__________ (put) on display. However, on the day of the opening, it started raining very heavily. Almost no one came to see her paintings, and Granny Chen was very unhappy about it.
The same day, her grandson posted a story about it online. To her surprise, the post (3)_____________ (share) by thousands of people. Granny Chen’s inbox (4)______________ (fill) with kind messages from across the country.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
was held
were put
was shared
was filled
Now, Granny Chen will hold another art show at her grandson’s school. The students’ parents (5)__________ (invite) to the opening next month. Some of her paintings (6)_____________ (sell) online and the money (7)_____________ (donate) to an arts programme for children.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
will be invited
will be sold
will be donated
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
is believed
was
used
made
is drawn
is cut
have
P137
is loved
are
damaged
will lose
will be appreciated
Timely practice!
1. The classroom ___________ (clean) every afternoon.
2. The windows ___________ (break) in the storm last night.
3. Many trees ______________ (plant) on the hill next spring.
4. The story ______________ (tell) to us by dad last night.
5. The letter ______________ (send) to you next Monday.
6. You _____________ (give) me a cake yesterday.
7. The room ______________ (paint) white last weekend.
8. These photos ______________ (take) two days ago.
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
is cleaned
was broken
will be planted
was told
will be sent
gave
was painted
were taken
中考链接
1 目前，许多老人使用智能手机有困难，需要被给予更多支持。(2025中考)
Now, many old people have trouble in using smart phones. They should ________ ________ more support.
2 下周，我校将在运动日举行各种趣味运动。麦克和汤姆将参加“二人三足”赛跑。(2024中考)
A lot of fun games ________ ________ ________ on the Sports Day in our school next week. Mike and Tom will take part in the three-legged race.
3 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。(2023中考)
I hope one day my art works ____ ___ ________ in the art gallery.
will be held
be given
will be shown
中考链接
4 在科学老师的帮助下,凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射.(2022中考)
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket
______ ________ successfully by Kate’s group.
5 这款机器人是由一位十岁的小学生发明的。(2021中考)
This robot _____ ________ by a ten-year-old pupil.
6 明年广州将会使用更多智能出租车。(2020中考)
More smart taxis ______ ______ ______ in Guangzhou next year.
7 我们离开课室的时候必须关灯。(2019中考)
Lights _____ ____ ______ ____ when we leave the classroom.
8 广州的公园每年都和很多树。(2018中考)
Every year, a lot of trees ____ ________ in the parks in Guangzhou.
was launched
was invented
will be used
must be turned off
are planted
03
More practice
made made
began begun
saw seen
took taken
came come
wrote written
broke broken
had had
showed shown
told told
are eaten
is not closed
Are checked
are hung
come
D
B
B
B
are shown
is influenced by
is performed
used to
are used to
It is no surprise
that is liked
They are
put on windows and doors
Paper cuttings are often used
as gifts
They are usually connected with ideas of happiness and long life
It is loved by people all over the world
Students are taught to create beautiful works
时态 结构 例句
一般现在时 Doudou is always beaten.
一般过去时 Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
一般将来时 Doudou will be beaten tomorrow.
不同时态下的动词的被动语态
am/is/are+p.p.
was/were +p.p.
will be + p.p.
Summary
In this class, we have learned
how to form the passive voice in the simple past tense.
how to form the passive voice in the simple future tense.
Self-assessment
How well do you know about this lesson Tick the boxes.
① I can form the passive voice correctly. 口 口 口
② I can form the passive voice in the simple past tense correctly. 口 口 口
③ I can form the passive voice in the simple future tense correctly. 口 口 口
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