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仁爱科普版·八年级英语下册期中复习
——考点6：不定代词（some, any, no, every及其复合词）
本考点源自Unit 8 “Every Coin Counts!”。在谈论物品、数量、人物时，我们常用some, any, no, every及其复合词（something, anything, nothing, everything, someone, anyone, no one, everyone等）。掌握它们的用法区别，对完形填空和写作非常重要。
一、some 与 any 的用法
some 用于肯定句，表示“一些”；也可用于表示请求、建议的疑问句中，期待肯定回答。
I have some money. (我有一些钱。)
Would you like some tea (你想喝点茶吗？——请求)
any 用于否定句和一般疑问句，表示“一些”或“任何”。
I don't have any money. (我没有钱。)
Do you have any questions (你有问题吗？)
二、no 的用法
no 表示“没有”，相当于 not any，用于否定句，后面直接加名词。
There is no water in the bottle. (瓶子里没有水。)
I have no idea. (我不知道。)
三、every 的用法
every 表示“每一个”，强调全体，后面接单数名词。
Every student should save water. (每个学生都应该节约用水。)
Every coin counts. (每一分钱都很重要。)
四、复合不定代词
some- 复合词（something, someone, somebody）用于肯定句。
Someone is waiting for you. (有人在等你。)
I have something to tell you. (我有事要告诉你。)
any- 复合词（anything, anyone, anybody）用于否定句和疑问句。
Is there anything I can do for you (有什么我能帮忙的吗？)
I don't know anyone here. (我在这儿谁也不认识。)
no- 复合词（nothing, no one, nobody）表示否定。
Nobody is perfect. (没有人是完美的。)
There is nothing in the box. (盒子里什么都没有。)
every- 复合词（everything, everyone, everybody）表示“每件事/每个人”。
Everyone likes to save money. (每个人都喜欢省钱。)
Everything is ready. (一切都准备好了。)
五、易错点提醒
易错1： any 用于肯定句表示“任何”。
Any student can answer this question. (任何学生都能回答这个问题。)
易错2： 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Everyone is here. (每个人都在这里。)
易错3： 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要后置。
I have something important to say. (我有重要的事要说。)
易错4： no one 和 none 的区别：no one 只能指人，none 可指人或物。
速记口诀：
some用于肯定句，请求疑问也用some；
any用于否定疑，特殊用法表任何；
no等于not any，复合代词谓语单；
形容词后置记心间，every强调每一个。
六、经典例题
例1： There is ______ milk in the fridge. Let's go and buy some.
A. no B. some C. any D. many
答案：A
例2： — Would you like ______ coffee — Yes, please.
A. some B. any C. no D. many
答案：A
例3： I have ______ to tell you. Please listen carefully.
A. important something B. something important C. important anything D. anything important
答案：B
七、分层练习（共40题）
A组 用 some, any, no 填空（每题1分，共10分）
1. There is ______ water in the bottle. It's empty.
2. Do you have ______ questions to ask
3. Would you like ______ juice
4. I have ______ money. I can't buy the book.
5. She bought ______ apples at the supermarket.
6. Is there ______ milk in the fridge
7. He doesn't have ______ friends in this city.
8. There are ______ students in the classroom. It's empty.
9. Can I have ______ water, please
10. I need ______ help with my homework.
B组 用 something, anything, nothing, everything 填空（每题1分，共10分）
1. I have ______ to tell you. It's important.
2. There is ______ in the box. It's empty.
3. Is there ______ I can do for you
4. Don't worry. ______ will be OK.
5. He knows ______ about this topic. He is an expert.
6. Would you like ______ to eat
7. She didn't say ______ at the meeting.
8. ______ is ready for the party. Let's start.
9. There is ______ wrong with my phone. It doesn't work.
C组 用 someone, anyone, no one, everyone 填空（每题1分，共10分）
1. ______ is waiting for you outside.
2. Is ______ here Let's begin our class.
3. ______ likes to be criticized. (被批评)
4. ______ should save water and protect the Earth.
5. I don't know ______ in this city.
6. ______ is perfect. We all make mistakes.
7. ______ left a note on my desk. Who was it
8. Did ______ call me while I was out
9. ______ in our class passed the exam. We are so happy.
10. ______ can help you if you don't ask.
D组 改错题（每句一处错误）（每题2分，共10分）
1. I have something important to tell you.
2. Anyone are welcome to join our club.
3. There is not nothing in the fridge.
4. Would you like any coffee
5. He knows something about the accident. He knows everything.
E组 根据汉语提示完成句子（每题2分，共10分）
1. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
I have ______ ______ to tell you.
2. 冰箱里没有牛奶了。
There is ______ milk in the fridge.
3. 每个人都应该节约用水。
______ should save water.
4. 你想喝点什么吗？
Would you like ______ to ______
5. 盒子里什么也没有。
There is ______ in the box.
F组 语篇填空（每空1分，共8分）
My mother is a smart shopper. She never buys ______ (1) she doesn't need. She always says, “______ (2) coin counts.” When she goes shopping, she makes a list first. She doesn't buy ______ (3) that is not on the list. She also looks for discounts. She knows that ______ (4) is too expensive if you wait for a sale. She teaches me to save money. She says, “______ (5) should learn to manage money. If you have ______ (6) to spend, think twice. Don't waste money on ______ (7) useless. Remember, ______ (8) you save today will help you tomorrow.” I think she is right.
参考答案
A组：
1. no 2. any 3. some 4. no 5. some 6. any 7. any 8. no 9. some 10. some
B组：
1. something 2. nothing 3. anything 4. Everything 5. everything 6. something 7. anything 8. Everything 9. something
C组：
1. Someone 2. everyone 3. No one 4. Everyone 5. anyone 6. No one 7. Someone 8. anyone 9. Everyone 10. No one
D组：
1. 正确（无错误） 2. are → is 3. 去掉 not (There is nothing) 4. any → some 5. He knows everything. → but he doesn't know everything
E组：
1. something important 2. no 3. Everyone 4. something; drink 5. nothing
F组：
1. anything 2. Every 3. anything 4. nothing 5. Everyone 6. something 7. something 8. everything
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