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仁爱科普版·八年级英语下册期中复习
——考点4：动名词作主语
本考点源自Unit 7 “Be a Better Learner!”。在描述学习习惯或表达“做某事是怎样的”时，常用动名词（V-ing）作主语。掌握这个结构，能让你的写作更地道、更高级。
一、什么是动名词作主语？
动名词就是动词的 -ing 形式，它可以在句子中充当名词的角色，作主语。此时谓语动词用单数。
Reading is important. (阅读很重要。)
Taking notes helps you remember. (记笔记能帮助你记忆。)
Previewing the lesson before class is a good habit. (课前预习是个好习惯。)
二、常用句型结构
1. V-ing + be + 名词/形容词
Learning English is interesting. (学英语很有趣。)
Wasting water is bad. (浪费水是不好的。)
2. V-ing + helps/makes/improves ...
Listening carefully helps you understand better. (认真听讲能帮你更好理解。)
Practicing speaking makes you more confident. (练习口语让你更自信。)
3. It is + 形容词 + to do sth. (与动名词互换)
It is important to review after class. = Reviewing after class is important.
三、与不定式作主语的区别
两者都可以作主语，但语体略有不同：
动名词（V-ing）作主语更**口语化、日常化**，强调一般性、习惯性。
不定式（to do）作主语更**正式、抽象**，常与具体动作或将来动作连用。
Reading every day is good for you. (日常阅读对你有好处——习惯)
To read this book tonight is my plan. (今晚读这本书是我的计划——具体)
在八年级阶段，重点掌握动名词作主语即可。
四、易错点提醒
易错1： 谓语动词忘记用单数。
Reading books are interesting. → Reading books is interesting.
易错2： 动名词与动词原形混淆。
Study hard is important. → Studying hard is important.
易错3： 动名词前误加 to。
To previewing the lesson is good. → Previewing the lesson is good.
速记口诀：
动名词，当主语，谓语动词用单数。
-ing形式放句首，习惯描述最顺手。
分清它和不定式，日常写作不犯愁。
五、经典例题
例1： ______ English every morning is a good habit.
A. Read B. Reading C. To read D. Reads
答案：B
例2： ______ notes in class helps you learn better.
A. Take B. Taking C. To take D. Took
答案：B
例3： ______ too much time on computer games is bad for your eyes.
A. Spend B. Spending C. Spent D. To spend
答案：B
六、分层练习（共40题）
A组 用所给动词的适当形式填空（V-ing作主语）（每题1分，共10分）
1. ______ (read) aloud is very helpful for learning English.
2. ______ (take) notes in class helps you review later.
3. ______ (waste) water is not good for the environment.
4. ______ (preview) the lesson before class is a good habit.
5. ______ (review) what you learned after class is necessary.
6. ______ (stay) up late is bad for your health.
7. ______ (listen) carefully in class makes learning easier.
8. ______ (ask) questions when you don't understand is smart.
9. ______ (practice) speaking every day improves your pronunciation.
10. ______ (work) in groups helps you learn from others.
B组 单项选择（每题2分，共12分）
1. ______ English is very interesting.
A. Learn B. Learning C. To learning D. Learned
2. ______ notes in class ______ a good learning habit.
A. Take; are B. Taking; are C. Taking; is D. Take; is
3. ______ too much time on computer games is bad for your eyes.
A. Spend B. Spends C. Spent D. Spending
4. ______ the lesson before class helps you understand better.
A. Preview B. Previewing C. Previews D. To previewing
5. ______ a foreign language well takes time and effort.
A. Learn B. Learns C. Learning D. Learned
6. ______ in the library is a good rule.
A. No talk B. No talking C. Not talk D. Not talking
C组 句型转换（改为同义句）（每题2分，共8分）
1. It is important to review after class.
______ after class is important.
2. It is a good habit to take notes in class.
______ notes in class is a good habit.
3. It is bad to waste water.
______ water is bad.
4. It is helpful to practice speaking every day.
______ speaking every day is helpful.
D组 改错题（每句一处错误）（每题2分，共8分）
1. Study hard is important for students.
2. Reading books are interesting.
3. To previewing the lesson is a good habit.
4. Listen carefully helps you understand better.
E组 根据汉语提示完成句子（每题2分，共10分）
1. 课前预习是个好习惯。
______ the lesson before class is a good habit.
2. 在课堂上记笔记很有帮助。
______ notes in class is very helpful.
3. 浪费水对环境不好。
______ water is bad for the environment.
4. 每天练习说英语能提高你的口语。
______ speaking English every day improves your spoken English.
5. 熬夜对你的健康有害。
______ up late is bad for your health.
F组 语篇填空（每空1分，共8分）
______ (1) (be) a good learner is not difficult. First, ______ (2) (preview) the lesson before class is very important. Second, ______ (3) (listen) carefully and ______ (4) (take) notes in class helps you remember. Third, ______ (5) (review) what you learned after class is necessary. Fourth, ______ (6) (ask) questions when you don't understand is smart. Finally, ______ (7) (practice) speaking every day improves your pronunciation. ______ (8) (do) all these will help you become a better learner.
参考答案
A组：
1. Reading 2. Taking 3. Wasting 4. Previewing 5. Reviewing 6. Staying 7. Listening 8. Asking 9. Practicing 10. Working
B组：
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B
C组：
1. Reviewing 2. Taking 3. Wasting 4. Practicing
D组：
1. Study → Studying 2. are → is 3. 去掉 To (Previewing) 4. Listen → Listening
E组：
1. Previewing 2. Taking 3. Wasting 4. Practicing 5. Staying
F组：
1. Being 2. previewing 3. listening 4. taking 5. reviewing 6. asking 7. practicing 8. Doing
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