资源简介 / 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科知识过关第4讲 语法Unit 1 Animal friends重点语法一、特殊疑问句:用疑问词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句不能用Yes或No。具体结构:★特殊疑问词+be+主语?例如:What’s your favourite animal?你最喜欢的动物是什么?★特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形?例如:Why do you like dogs?你为什么喜欢狗特殊疑问词的用法:疑问词 含义和用法 例句what “什么”,询问事物或活动 What is your name?你叫什么名字?where “哪里”,询问地点 Where are you going?你要去哪里?why “为什么”,询问原因,回答通常由“because”引导 —Why are you late?你为什么迟到? —Because I overslept.因为我睡过头了。who “谁(主格)”,询问人,通常用作主语 Who is that man?那个男人是谁?whom “谁(宾格)”,询问人,通常用作宾语 Whom are you going to invite? 你打算邀请谁?whose “谁的”,询问物体的所属关系 Whose book is this?这本书是谁的?which “哪个/些”,询问一定范围内特指的人或物 Which book do you like best? 你最喜欢哪本书?when “什么时候”,询问时间 When will you arrive?你将什么时候到达?how “怎样”,询问方式、程度或健康状况等 How do you go to school?你怎样去上学?二、名词复数的用法名词复数主要用于表示两个或更多的事物,如:I have two pens.我有两支钢笔。There are many people in the park.公园里有许多人。★可数名词复数的规则变化★可数名词复数的不规则变化Unit 2 No Rules, No Order重点语法一、祈使句1.定义:用于表达叮嘱、希望、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句通常省略主语you, 以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化。用委婉的语气表达祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please。但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前通常要加一个逗号。【巧记】祈使句无主语,主语you常省去; 谓语动词原形当,句首加don't变否定;朗读应当用降调。2. 祈使句的类型:类 型 举 例肯定形式 Do型:动词原形+其他. Open your book,please.请翻开你的书本。Let型:Let's do sth.或Let sb.do sth. Let's have a rest.让我们休息一下。Let me have a look at your new bike.让我看看你的新自行车。Be型:Be+形容词. Be careful when you're driving.小心驾驶。否定形式 Do型和Be型的否定形式都是在句首加Don't Don't ask me about that.那件事不要问我。Don't be silly.别犯傻了。Let型的否定形式有两种:①Don't+let+sb.+动词原形+其他.②Let+sb.+not+动词原形+其他. Don't let the children know the reason.=Let the children not know the reason.不要让孩子们知道原因。No+n.或No+v.-ing形式。这两种形式多用于公共场所的警示语,表示禁止或规劝 No photos!禁止拍照!No smoking!禁止吸烟!【拓展】祈使句的强调形式:有时为了表示强调,可在肯定祈使句前面加上助动词do,此时的do没有实际意义。如:Do shut up! 快住口!Do be careful. 一定要小心。二、情态动词can, must与have to的用法情态动词 含义及用法 举 例can 意为“可以”,表示允许,否定形式为can't,意为“不可以”;后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;其疑问句式通常把can提前 You can take the car if you want.如果想用那辆车,你就尽管用吧。—Can I listen to music in class 我可以在课堂上听音乐吗?—No, you can't.不,你不可以。must 意为“必须”,表示主观看法,否定形式为mustn't,意为“禁止;不能”;后跟动词原形,没有人称、时态和数的变化;其疑问句式通常把must提前,作否定回答时常用needn't或don't have to The students must arrive at school on time.学生们必须按时到校。—Must I do homework now?我必须现在做作业吗?—No, you needn't / don't have to.不,你不需要。have to 意为“必须;不得不”,强调客观需要;后跟动词原形,有人称、时态和数的变化;其疑问句式或否定句式需要借助助动词do或情态动词will Kate's parents aren't at home. She has to look after her little brother.凯特的父母不在家。她不得不照看她的弟弟。Do you have to clean your bedroom every day 你必须每天打扫你的卧室吗?Unit 3 Keep Fit重点语法一、物主代词1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。在七年级上册我们已经学习了形容词性物主代词,此处主要讲解名词性物主代词。分 类 单 数 复 数第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs2. 用法:(1)名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,故其后不能接名词。如:Here are two pens. The black one is yours (=your pen) and the red one is mine (=my pen). 这里有两支钢笔。黑色的那支是你的,红色的那支是我的。(2)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由名词性物主代词所指代的名词的单复数决定。如:This is my book. Hers (=Her book) ___is___ on the desk. 这是我的书。她的书在书桌上。 (作主语)I love my motherland as much as you love yours (=your motherland). 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样热切。(作宾语)This schoolbag is mine(=my schoolbag). 这个书包是我的。(作表语)二、频度副词1. 定义:频度副词是副词的一种,表示事情发生的频率,即在一定时间内某一动作或状态重复出现的次数,常用来回答由how often引导的特殊疑问句。如:—How often do you play football 你多久踢一次足球?—Never. 从不。2. 用法:(1)常用的频度副词(按频率从高到低排列):always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom (hardly ever), never。(2)频度副词通常放在实义动词之前,be动词、情态动词和助动词之后,有时为了强调,也可置于句首。如:We never eat junk food. 我们从不吃垃圾食品。Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。Usually my father gets up early.我爸爸通常起得很早。(3)表示具体的频率时常用到次数,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+ times”。如:I play football twice a week. 我一周踢两次足球。She watches TV four times a week. 她一周看四次电视。Unit 4 Eat Well 重点语法一、选择疑问句定 义 选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或两种以上可能的情况供对方选择的句式结 构 (1)一般疑问句+A or B (2)特殊疑问句,A or B 答 语 根据实际情况进行选择回答,不能用yes或no回答举 例 —Is your brother eleven or twelve? 你弟弟是11岁还是12岁? —He is twelve. / Twelve. 他12岁。 —Which dress do you like,the red one or the yellow one?你喜欢哪条裙子,红色的还是黄色的? —I like the red one. / The red one.我喜欢红色的。二、食物与饮料类名词的可数与不可数1. 肉类、饮料和部分食物类名词一般为不可数名词,没有单复数。如:beef, mutton, pork, meat, milk, water, juice, rice, bread, sugar, tofu。2. 部分食物、蔬菜类和水果类名词为可数名词。如:bean, chip, cookie, dumpling, egg, noodle, strawberry, vegetable。3. 部分食物类名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,所表示的含义不同。单 词 可 数 不可数chicken 小鸡 鸡肉fish 鱼的种类/鱼的数量 鱼肉cake 蛋糕种类 蛋糕fruit 水果种类 水果food 食物种类 食物【注意】fish作可数名词,表示鱼的种类时,复数形式为fishes;表示鱼的数量时,单复数同形,均为fish。如:There are three fishes in the pool. I can see several gold fish in it.池子里有3种类型的鱼。我能在里面看到几条金鱼。一、单项选择1.— ________ like sharks —Because they’re really scary.A.Why doesn’t you B.Why do you C.Why not D.Why are you2.—Why do you like penguins so much —__________.A.Because they are very cute. B.They are from Antarctica.C.It’s the monkey. D.I don’t like them.3.—Green Zoo has a new elephant. ________ —It’s huge.A.Where is it from B.What does it look C.How does it look D.Who is that4.________ are good at climbing trees, but ________ aren’t.A.Wolves; monkeys B.Monkeys; wolvesC.Monkey; wolf D.Wolves; monkey5.—________ do elephants help people —They help us pick up and carry heavy things.A.What B.Why C.How D.Where6.There are two ________ and six ________ in the zoo.A.monkeys; wolfs B.monkeys; wolvesC.monkeies; wolves D.monkeies; wolfs7.—What did you see on that farm, Peter —Some ________. They were cute.A.sheep B.mouse C.snake D.chicken8.—________ is your favourite animal —It’s the elephant.A.What B.Where C.Why D.How9.—________ are koalas from —They are from Australia.A.What B.Where C.Why D.Who10.I like dogs ________ they are friendly.A.so B.but C.because D.and11.—Why don’t you like snakes —Because they are ________.A.cute B.smart C.scary D.interesting12.—________ he like pandas —No, he ________.A.Do; don’t B.Does; doesn’t C.Do; do D.Does; does13.Let him ________ in the river!A.don’t swim B.doesn’t swim C.not swim D.to swim14.Tom, ________ an umbrella with you. It’s going to rain.A.taking B.takes C.take D.is taking15.Mike, ______ TV all the time. It’s not good for your eyes.A.not watch B.doesn’t watch C.don’t watch D.isn’t watch16.Please _________ hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam.A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied17.________ afraid to make a change in your life. It might be a new start for you.A.Be B.Be not C.Not to be D.Don’t be18.Alice lives a healthy life. She _________ stays so late.A.hardly B.always C.often D.sometimes19.—The camera in your hand is nice. Is it ________ —Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lily as ________ birthday present.A.you; her B.your; hers C.yours; her D.you; hers20.—Whose coat is this —Jane’s coat is pink, I think it’s ______.A.mine B.hers C.his D.yours21.—________ does Sarah play football —She likes it best, so she ________ plays it after school.A.How often; always B.How far; sometimesC.How soon; seldom D.How often; never22.These books are ________ and those ones belong to ________.A.mine; him B.my; him C.mine; his D.my; his23.He ________ plays football. He doesn’t like it.A.always B.usually C.often D.never24.—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________ —No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself25.— does Lily visit her grandparents —Twice a week.A.How long B.How farC.How often D.How soon26.I’m from Harbin. For me, it’s interesting with snow, so winter is my favorite season.A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays27.My friend Lisa wants to join the art club _________ she is interested in painting.A.because B.but C.or D.so28.He is ______ heavy because he eats ______ junk food (垃圾食品).A.much too; too much B.too much; much too C.too much; too much D.much too; much too29.—I’d like to eat ________ and drink ________.—Let’s get some.A.sandwich; coffee B.sandwiches; coffeeC.sandwich; coffees D.sandwiches; coffees30.—Would you like to have some ________ for lunch —Yes, please.A.mutton B.egg C.apple D.tomato31.If you have a stomachache, you can take the ________ and have a good rest.A.medicine B.porridge C.water D.juice32.—I am so hungry. How about you —Not a bit. I ate lots of ________ and vegetables for lunch.A.fishes B.beef C.chickens D.dumpling33.—Is there any ________ in the fridge —No, there isn’t. There are some ________.A.beef; strawberries B.pork; bread C.pork; strawberry D.beef; bread34.She has eight ________. You can ask her for some.A.glass of water B.glasses of water C.glasses of waters D.glass of waters35.—________ do you have for lunch —Rice and vegetables.A.How B.What C.Where D.When36.—Does your brother like ________ —Yes, he does. He often eats them.A.tomato B.tomatos C.tomatoes D.tomato's37.My parents ________ salad, but I ________.A.like; don’t B.likes; doesn’t C.like; doesn’t D.likes; don’t38.—________ your sister ________ ice-cream —No, she doesn’t.A.Do; like B.Does; likes C.Does; like D.Do; likes39.We need ________ healthy food every day.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D.eats40.—________ I arrive at school before 7:30 every morning —Yes, you must.Can B.May C.Must D.Need二、按要求完成句子1.I like pandas because they are soft.(对划线部分提问)________ ________ you like pandas 2.Tom’s favorite animal is the tiger. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ Tom’s favorite animal 3.The schoolbag is under the tree. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ the schoolbag 4.I can play Chinese chess. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ you ________ 5.Our English teacher comes from Shanghai. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ your English teacher ________ ________ 6.I like basketball because it’s interesting. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ you like basketball 7.You can’t watch TV on school nights. (改为祈使句)________ ________ TV on school nights.8.Don’t fight (打架) in the classroom. (改为同义句)________ ________ in the classroom.9.Let him play computer games. (改为否定句)_______ _______ him play computer games.10.The new skateboard is mine. (改为同义句)The new skateboard ________ ________ me.11.This is their house. (改为同义句)This house ________ ________.12.I usually have breakfast at 7:00.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________________13.I like egg and tomato soup. (改为同义句)I like soup with ________ ________ ________.14.My sister usually has some bread and milk for breakfast. (对画线部分进行提问)_________ ________ your sister usually ________ for breakfast 15.Would you like rice or noodles for dinner tonight (用rice写出答语)_________ ________ ________, ________.16.There is a shelf and a chair. (改为复数)There ________ ________ ________ and ________.17.Would you like some tea (用coffee改为选择疑问句)__________ would you like, __________ __________ __________ 18.Study hard, or you’ll fail the exam. (改为同义句)________ you ________ study hard, you’ll fail the exam.19.Junk food is bad for our health. (改为同义句)Junk food ________ ________ ________ our health.20.Look at those cards. They are mine.Look at those cards. They ________ ________ me./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科知识过关第4讲 语法Unit 1 Animal friends重点语法一、特殊疑问句:用疑问词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句不能用Yes或No。具体结构:★特殊疑问词+be+主语?例如:What’s your favourite animal?你最喜欢的动物是什么?★特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形?例如:Why do you like dogs?你为什么喜欢狗特殊疑问词的用法:疑问词 含义和用法 例句what “什么”,询问事物或活动 What is your name?你叫什么名字?where “哪里”,询问地点 Where are you going?你要去哪里?why “为什么”,询问原因,回答通常由“because”引导 —Why are you late?你为什么迟到? —Because I overslept.因为我睡过头了。who “谁(主格)”,询问人,通常用作主语 Who is that man?那个男人是谁?whom “谁(宾格)”,询问人,通常用作宾语 Whom are you going to invite? 你打算邀请谁?whose “谁的”,询问物体的所属关系 Whose book is this?这本书是谁的?which “哪个/些”,询问一定范围内特指的人或物 Which book do you like best? 你最喜欢哪本书?when “什么时候”,询问时间 When will you arrive?你将什么时候到达?how “怎样”,询问方式、程度或健康状况等 How do you go to school?你怎样去上学?二、名词复数的用法名词复数主要用于表示两个或更多的事物,如:I have two pens.我有两支钢笔。There are many people in the park.公园里有许多人。★可数名词复数的规则变化★可数名词复数的不规则变化Unit 2 No Rules, No Order重点语法一、祈使句1.定义:用于表达叮嘱、希望、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句通常省略主语you, 以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化。用委婉的语气表达祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please。但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前通常要加一个逗号。【巧记】祈使句无主语,主语you常省去; 谓语动词原形当,句首加don't变否定;朗读应当用降调。2. 祈使句的类型:类 型 举 例肯定形式 Do型:动词原形+其他. Open your book,please.请翻开你的书本。Let型:Let's do sth.或Let sb.do sth. Let's have a rest.让我们休息一下。Let me have a look at your new bike.让我看看你的新自行车。Be型:Be+形容词. Be careful when you're driving.小心驾驶。否定形式 Do型和Be型的否定形式都是在句首加Don't Don't ask me about that.那件事不要问我。Don't be silly.别犯傻了。Let型的否定形式有两种:①Don't+let+sb.+动词原形+其他.②Let+sb.+not+动词原形+其他. Don't let the children know the reason.=Let the children not know the reason.不要让孩子们知道原因。No+n.或No+v.-ing形式。这两种形式多用于公共场所的警示语,表示禁止或规劝 No photos!禁止拍照!No smoking!禁止吸烟!【拓展】祈使句的强调形式:有时为了表示强调,可在肯定祈使句前面加上助动词do,此时的do没有实际意义。如:Do shut up! 快住口!Do be careful. 一定要小心。二、情态动词can, must与have to的用法情态动词 含义及用法 举 例can 意为“可以”,表示允许,否定形式为can't,意为“不可以”;后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;其疑问句式通常把can提前 You can take the car if you want.如果想用那辆车,你就尽管用吧。—Can I listen to music in class 我可以在课堂上听音乐吗?—No, you can't.不,你不可以。must 意为“必须”,表示主观看法,否定形式为mustn't,意为“禁止;不能”;后跟动词原形,没有人称、时态和数的变化;其疑问句式通常把must提前,作否定回答时常用needn't或don't have to The students must arrive at school on time.学生们必须按时到校。—Must I do homework now?我必须现在做作业吗?—No, you needn't / don't have to.不,你不需要。have to 意为“必须;不得不”,强调客观需要;后跟动词原形,有人称、时态和数的变化;其疑问句式或否定句式需要借助助动词do或情态动词will Kate's parents aren't at home. She has to look after her little brother.凯特的父母不在家。她不得不照看她的弟弟。Do you have to clean your bedroom every day 你必须每天打扫你的卧室吗?Unit 3 Keep Fit重点语法一、物主代词1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。在七年级上册我们已经学习了形容词性物主代词,此处主要讲解名词性物主代词。分 类 单 数 复 数第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs2. 用法:(1)名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,故其后不能接名词。如:Here are two pens. The black one is yours (=your pen) and the red one is mine (=my pen). 这里有两支钢笔。黑色的那支是你的,红色的那支是我的。(2)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由名词性物主代词所指代的名词的单复数决定。如:This is my book. Hers (=Her book) ___is___ on the desk. 这是我的书。她的书在书桌上。 (作主语)I love my motherland as much as you love yours (=your motherland). 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样热切。(作宾语)This schoolbag is mine(=my schoolbag). 这个书包是我的。(作表语)二、频度副词1. 定义:频度副词是副词的一种,表示事情发生的频率,即在一定时间内某一动作或状态重复出现的次数,常用来回答由how often引导的特殊疑问句。如:—How often do you play football 你多久踢一次足球?—Never. 从不。2. 用法:(1)常用的频度副词(按频率从高到低排列):always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom (hardly ever), never。(2)频度副词通常放在实义动词之前,be动词、情态动词和助动词之后,有时为了强调,也可置于句首。如:We never eat junk food. 我们从不吃垃圾食品。Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。Usually my father gets up early.我爸爸通常起得很早。(3)表示具体的频率时常用到次数,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+ times”。如:I play football twice a week. 我一周踢两次足球。She watches TV four times a week. 她一周看四次电视。Unit 4 Eat Well 重点语法一、选择疑问句定 义 选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或两种以上可能的情况供对方选择的句式结 构 (1)一般疑问句+A or B (2)特殊疑问句,A or B 答 语 根据实际情况进行选择回答,不能用yes或no回答举 例 —Is your brother eleven or twelve? 你弟弟是11岁还是12岁? —He is twelve. / Twelve. 他12岁。 —Which dress do you like,the red one or the yellow one?你喜欢哪条裙子,红色的还是黄色的? —I like the red one. / The red one.我喜欢红色的。二、食物与饮料类名词的可数与不可数1. 肉类、饮料和部分食物类名词一般为不可数名词,没有单复数。如:beef, mutton, pork, meat, milk, water, juice, rice, bread, sugar, tofu。2. 部分食物、蔬菜类和水果类名词为可数名词。如:bean, chip, cookie, dumpling, egg, noodle, strawberry, vegetable。3. 部分食物类名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,所表示的含义不同。单 词 可 数 不可数chicken 小鸡 鸡肉fish 鱼的种类/鱼的数量 鱼肉cake 蛋糕种类 蛋糕fruit 水果种类 水果food 食物种类 食物【注意】fish作可数名词,表示鱼的种类时,复数形式为fishes;表示鱼的数量时,单复数同形,均为fish。如:There are three fishes in the pool. I can see several gold fish in it.池子里有3种类型的鱼。我能在里面看到几条金鱼。一、单项选择1.— ________ like sharks —Because they’re really scary.A.Why doesn’t you B.Why do you C.Why not D.Why are you2.—Why do you like penguins so much —__________.A.Because they are very cute. B.They are from Antarctica.C.It’s the monkey. D.I don’t like them.3.—Green Zoo has a new elephant. ________ —It’s huge.A.Where is it from B.What does it look C.How does it look D.Who is that4.________ are good at climbing trees, but ________ aren’t.A.Wolves; monkeys B.Monkeys; wolvesC.Monkey; wolf D.Wolves; monkey5.—________ do elephants help people —They help us pick up and carry heavy things.A.What B.Why C.How D.Where6.There are two ________ and six ________ in the zoo.A.monkeys; wolfs B.monkeys; wolvesC.monkeies; wolves D.monkeies; wolfs7.—What did you see on that farm, Peter —Some ________. They were cute.A.sheep B.mouse C.snake D.chicken8.—________ is your favourite animal —It’s the elephant.A.What B.Where C.Why D.How9.—________ are koalas from —They are from Australia.A.What B.Where C.Why D.Who10.I like dogs ________ they are friendly.A.so B.but C.because D.and11.—Why don’t you like snakes —Because they are ________.A.cute B.smart C.scary D.interesting12.—________ he like pandas —No, he ________.A.Do; don’t B.Does; doesn’t C.Do; do D.Does; does13.Let him ________ in the river!A.don’t swim B.doesn’t swim C.not swim D.to swim14.Tom, ________ an umbrella with you. It’s going to rain.A.taking B.takes C.take D.is taking15.Mike, ______ TV all the time. It’s not good for your eyes.A.not watch B.doesn’t watch C.don’t watch D.isn’t watch16.Please _________ hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam.A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied17.________ afraid to make a change in your life. It might be a new start for you.A.Be B.Be not C.Not to be D.Don’t be18.Alice lives a healthy life. She _________ stays so late.A.hardly B.always C.often D.sometimes19.—The camera in your hand is nice. Is it ________ —Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lily as ________ birthday present.A.you; her B.your; hers C.yours; her D.you; hers20.—Whose coat is this —Jane’s coat is pink, I think it’s ______.A.mine B.hers C.his D.yours21.—________ does Sarah play football —She likes it best, so she ________ plays it after school.A.How often; always B.How far; sometimesC.How soon; seldom D.How often; never22.These books are ________ and those ones belong to ________.A.mine; him B.my; him C.mine; his D.my; his23.He ________ plays football. He doesn’t like it.A.always B.usually C.often D.never24.—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________ —No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself25.— does Lily visit her grandparents —Twice a week.A.How long B.How farC.How often D.How soon26.I’m from Harbin. For me, it’s interesting with snow, so winter is my favorite season.A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays27.My friend Lisa wants to join the art club _________ she is interested in painting.A.because B.but C.or D.so28.He is ______ heavy because he eats ______ junk food (垃圾食品).A.much too; too much B.too much; much too C.too much; too much D.much too; much too29.—I’d like to eat ________ and drink ________.—Let’s get some.A.sandwich; coffee B.sandwiches; coffeeC.sandwich; coffees D.sandwiches; coffees30.—Would you like to have some ________ for lunch —Yes, please.A.mutton B.egg C.apple D.tomato31.If you have a stomachache, you can take the ________ and have a good rest.A.medicine B.porridge C.water D.juice32.—I am so hungry. How about you —Not a bit. I ate lots of ________ and vegetables for lunch.A.fishes B.beef C.chickens D.dumpling33.—Is there any ________ in the fridge —No, there isn’t. There are some ________.A.beef; strawberries B.pork; bread C.pork; strawberry D.beef; bread34.She has eight ________. You can ask her for some.A.glass of water B.glasses of water C.glasses of waters D.glass of waters35.—________ do you have for lunch —Rice and vegetables.A.How B.What C.Where D.When36.—Does your brother like ________ —Yes, he does. He often eats them.A.tomato B.tomatos C.tomatoes D.tomato's37.My parents ________ salad, but I ________.A.like; don’t B.likes; doesn’t C.like; doesn’t D.likes; don’t38.—________ your sister ________ ice-cream —No, she doesn’t.A.Do; like B.Does; likes C.Does; like D.Do; likes39.We need ________ healthy food every day.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D.eats40.—________ I arrive at school before 7:30 every morning —Yes, you must.Can B.May C.Must D.Need二、按要求完成句子1.I like pandas because they are soft.(对划线部分提问)________ ________ you like pandas 2.Tom’s favorite animal is the tiger. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ Tom’s favorite animal 3.The schoolbag is under the tree. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ the schoolbag 4.I can play Chinese chess. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ you ________ 5.Our English teacher comes from Shanghai. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ your English teacher ________ ________ 6.I like basketball because it’s interesting. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ you like basketball 7.You can’t watch TV on school nights. (改为祈使句)________ ________ TV on school nights.8.Don’t fight (打架) in the classroom. (改为同义句)________ ________ in the classroom.9.Let him play computer games. (改为否定句)_______ _______ him play computer games.10.The new skateboard is mine. (改为同义句)The new skateboard ________ ________ me.11.This is their house. (改为同义句)This house ________ ________.12.I usually have breakfast at 7:00.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________________13.I like egg and tomato soup. (改为同义句)I like soup with ________ ________ ________.14.My sister usually has some bread and milk for breakfast. (对画线部分进行提问)_________ ________ your sister usually ________ for breakfast 15.Would you like rice or noodles for dinner tonight (用rice写出答语)_________ ________ ________, ________.16.There is a shelf and a chair. (改为复数)There ________ ________ ________ and ________.17.Would you like some tea (用coffee改为选择疑问句)__________ would you like, __________ __________ __________ 18.Study hard, or you’ll fail the exam. (改为同义句)________ you ________ study hard, you’ll fail the exam.19.Junk food is bad for our health. (改为同义句)Junk food ________ ________ ________ our health.20.Look at those cards. They are mine.Look at those cards. They ________ ________ me.参考答案一、1.C【详解】句意:——为什么不喜欢鲨鱼?——因为它们真的很吓人。考查特殊疑问句。Why doesn’t you表达错误;Why do you为什么你;Why not为什么不;Why are you为什么你。根据“Because they’re really scary.”可知,此处应是询问为什么不喜欢鲨鱼,故选C。2.A【详解】句意:——你为什么这么喜欢企鹅?——因为它们非常可爱。考查情景交际和特殊疑问句。Because they are very cute因为它们非常可爱;They are from Antarctica它们来自南极洲;It’s the monkey是猴子;I don’t like them我不喜欢它们。根据“Why”可知,回答原因应用because开头的句子。故选A。3.C【详解】句意:——绿色动物园有一头新大象,它看起来怎么样?——它很大。考查疑问词(短语)辨析。Where is it from它来自哪里;What does it look表述错误,正确的表述是What does it look like,意为它长什么样;How does it look它看起来怎么样;Who is that那是谁。根据答句“It’s huge.”可知,此处是在询问大象看起来怎么样,所以应该用How does it look。故选C。4.B【详解】句意:猴子擅长爬树,但是狼不擅长。考查常识和主谓一致。wolves狼,名词复数;monkeys猴子,名词复数;wolf狼,名词单数;monkey猴子,名词单数。根据“are”以及“aren’t”可知,主语应用名词复数;再结合常识可知,猴子擅长爬树,狼不擅长。故选B。5.C【详解】句意:——大象如何帮助人们?——它们帮助我们捡拾和搬运重物。考查疑问词词义辨析。What什么;Why为什么;How如何,怎样;Where在哪里。由答句“They help us pick up and carry heavy things.”可知,回答的是大象帮助人们的具体方式,应用疑问词“How”来提问具体方式,符合语境。故选C。6.B【详解】句意:动物园里有两只猴子和六只狼。考查名词复数。monkey猴子,名词,其复数形式为monkeys;wolf狼,名词,其复数形式为wolves。空前分别为“two”和“six”,因此这里应用其名词复数形式monkeys、wolves。故选B。7.A【详解】句意:——彼得,你在农场看到了什么?——一些羊。它们很可爱。考查名词的单复数形式。sheep羊,单复数同形;mouse老鼠,可数名词单数;snake蛇,可数名词单数;chicken小鸡,可数名词单数。some后跟可数名词复数形式,只有sheep符合。故选A。8.A【详解】句意:——你最喜欢的动物是什么?——大象。考查疑问词辨析。What什么;Where在哪里;Why为什么;How如何,怎样。根据“It’s the elephant.”可知,此处问的是“你最喜欢的动物是什么”。故选A。9.B【详解】句意:——考拉来自哪里? ——它们来自澳大利亚。考查疑问词辨析。What什么;Where在哪里;Why为什么;Who谁。根据“They are from Australia.”可知,这里是在问考拉来自哪里。故选B。10.C【详解】句意:我喜欢狗,因为它们很友好。考查连词辨析。so因此;but但是;because因为;and和。根据“I like dogs...they are friendly.”可知,前后句意是因果关系,后句表示原因,用because引导。故选C。11.C【详解】句意:——你为什么不喜欢蛇?——因为它们很可怕。考查形容词辨析。cute可爱的;smart聪明的;scary可怕的;interesting有趣的。根据前一句“Why don’t you like snakes ”可知,不喜欢蛇是因为它们太可怕了。故选C。12.B【详解】句意:——他喜欢熊猫吗?——不,他不喜欢。考查一般疑问句及答语。在一般疑问句中,主语为第三人称单数he,并且谓语动词为实义动词like,变一般疑问句要借助助动词does,把助动词提前。否定回答用助动词does+not。故选B。13.C【详解】句意:别让他在河里游泳!考查祈使句的否定形式。let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,其否定形式,在do前加not,即let sb. not do sth.。故选C。14.C【详解】句意:汤姆,带把伞吧。要下雨了。考查祈使句。根据“Tom, ...an umbrella with you.”可知,此处是一个祈使句,祈使句用动词原形开头。故选C。15.C【详解】句意:迈克,不要总是看电视。这对你的眼睛不好。考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此处是一个祈使句的否定形式,其形式是在句首加don’t,表示“不要做某事”。故选C。16.A【详解】句意:请努力学习,你在这次考试中会取得好成绩。考查动词形式。根据“Please...hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam.”可知,此处是祈使句,“Please”后接动词原形表示请求或建议。故选A。17.D【详解】句意:不要害怕在你的生活中做出改变。这对你来说可能是新的开始。考查祈使句否定形式。根据题干可知,这里表示“不要……”,这是一个祈使句,祈使句用动词原形开头,否定形式是以“Don’t”开头,后接动词原形be,故选D。18.A【详解】句意:爱丽丝过着健康的生活。她几乎从不熬夜到很晚。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不;always总是;often经常;sometimes有时。根据“Alice lives a healthy life.”可知,健康的生活习惯不会频繁熬夜,hardly符合。故选A。19.C【详解】句意:——你手里的相机真不错。是你的吗?——是的,但我会把它送给我的朋友莉莉作为她的生日礼物。考查物主代词。you你;your你的;yours你的(东西);her她的;hers她的(东西)。 根据“Is it...”可知,第一空后无名词,用名词性物主代词yours,指代“你的相机”;第二空后有名词“birthday present”,用形容词性物主代词her,修饰名词。故选C。20.B【详解】句意:——这是谁的外套?——简的外套是粉色的,我觉得这是她的。考查代词辨析。mine我的(东西);hers她的(东西);his他的(东西);yours你的(东西)/你们的(东西)。根据前句“Jane’s coat”可知,Jane是女性,此处需指代“Jane的外套”,用hers。故选B。21.A【详解】句意:——萨拉多久踢一次足球?——她最喜欢足球了,所以她总是放学后踢足球。考查疑问词和频率副词。How often多久一次;How far多远;How soon多久以后;always总是;sometimes有时;seldom很少;never从不。根据“so she…plays it after school.”并结合选项内容可知,问句是在询问萨拉踢足球的频率,即“多久一次”;根据“She likes it best”可推知,她踢足球的频率很高,“always”能体现高频率。故选A。22.A【详解】句意:这些书是我的,而那些书是他的。考查代词辨析。mine我的;my我的;him他;his他的。根据“These books are...and those ones belong to...”可知,第一空表示“我的书”,空后无名词,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my books;第二空前为介词to,第二空应用宾格him。故选A。23.D【详解】句意:他从不踢足球。他不喜欢足球。考查副词辨析。always总是;usually通常;often经常;never从不。根据“He doesn’t like it.”可知,他不喜欢足球,所以从不踢足球。故选D。24.B【详解】句意:——艾米,地上有本书。它是你的吗?——不,不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词辨析。you你,人称代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yourself你自己,反身代词。空格后没有名词,此处指这本书是你的吗,故用名词性物主代词yours,指代your book。故选B。25.C【详解】句意:——莉莉多久去看望她的祖父母一次?——一周两次。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长;How far多远;How often多久一次;How soon多久。“Twice a week.”是频率的回答,由此可知问句需询问频率。故选C。26.B【详解】句意:我来自哈尔滨。对我来说,玩雪很有趣,所以冬天是我最喜欢的季节。考查非谓语动词。play动词原形;to play动词不定式;playing现在分词;plays动词三单形式。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”,为固定句型,需用动词不定式作主语。故选B。27.A【详解】句意:我的朋友丽莎想加入艺术俱乐部,因为她对绘画感兴趣。考查连词辨析。because因为;but但是;or或者,否则;so所以。根据“My friend Lisa wants to join the art club...she is interested in painting.”可知此处两个句子为前果后因的关系。故选A。28.A【详解】句意:他太重了,因为他吃了太多垃圾食品。考查too much和much too的用法。much too太,很,接形容词/副词;too much太多,接不可数名词。根据“He is...heavy”可知,这里是指他太重了,所以第一空需要用much too,修饰heavy;根据“...junk food”可知,这里是指太多垃圾食品,所以第二空需要用too much,修饰junk food。故选A。29.B【详解】句意:——我想吃三明治,喝咖啡。——我们去买点吧。考查名词的数。 sandwich三明治,可数名词;coffee咖啡,不可数名词。第一空表达想吃这类食物,常用复数形式,故第一空填sandwiches;第二空表达想喝的饮品是coffee,是不可数名词。故选B。30.A【详解】句意:——你午餐想吃些羊肉吗?——是的。考查名词的数。mutton羊肉,不可数名词;egg鸡蛋,单数;apple苹果,单数;tomato西红柿,单数。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,mutton“羊肉”是不可数名词。故选A。31.A【详解】句意:如果你胃痛,你可以吃药,好好休息。考查名词辨析。medicine药;porridge粥;water水;juice果汁。根据“If you have a stomachache, you can take the...”可知,如果胃痛,应该吃“药”,并好好休息。故选A。32.B【详解】句意:——我好饿。你呢?——一点儿也不饿。我午餐吃了很多牛肉和蔬菜。考查名词辨析。fishes鱼;beef牛肉;chickens鸡;dumpling饺子。根据“lots of...”可知,此处应用可数名词复数或不可数名词,beef“牛肉”符合语境,表示“吃了很多牛肉”。故选B。33.A【详解】句意:——冰箱里有牛肉吗?——没有,但有一些草莓。考查不可数名词与可数名词的用法。根据“There are some...”可知,第二空应填可数名词复数,排除BD,C选项strawberry是单数形式,不符合,排除。故选A。34.B【详解】句意:她有八杯水。你可以向她要一些。考查不可数名词数量的表达。water“水”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,排除C项和D项;glass of water“一杯水”,当数量大于一时,我们需要将“glass”变为复数形式“glasses”,排除A项。故选B。35.B【详解】句意:——你午饭吃什么?——米饭和蔬菜。考查特殊疑问句。How如何,询问方式;What什么,询问事物;Where哪里,询问地点;When何时,询问时间。根据答语“Rice and vegetables.”可知,问句是询问“你午饭吃什么”,用What提问。故选B。36.C【详解】句意:——你弟弟喜欢西红柿吗?——是的,他喜欢。他经常吃它们。考查名词复数形式。tomato西红柿,原形;tomatos错误拼写;tomatoes复数形式;tomato’s单数名词所有格。答句中用了them“它们”,说明问句的空缺处需要填一个复数名词。tomato“西红柿”的复数形式是“tomatoes”,以o结尾的名词,有生命的(如tomato、potato等)变复数加 —es。故选C。37.A【详解】句意:我的父母喜欢沙拉,但我不喜欢。考查一般现在时。第一空“My parents”是复数,作主语时,动词用原形like;“I”是第一人称单数主语,否定形式需要用“don’t”。故选A。38.C【详解】句意:——你姐姐/妹妹喜欢冰淇淋吗?——不,她不喜欢。考查助动词用法。主语your sister是第三人称单数,一般现在时的一般疑问句借助助动词does,like要用原形。故选C。39.B【详解】句意: 我们每天需要吃健康的食物。考查非谓语动词。根据“need...”可知,此处考查“need to do sth.”结构,意为“需要做某事”,所以此处应用动词不定式“to eat”作宾语。故选B。40.C【详解】句意:——我必须每天早上7:30前到校吗?——是的,你必须这么做。考查情态动词辨析。Can可以;May可能;Must必须;Need需要。根据“Yes, you must.”可知,答句以must回答,故以must提问。故选C。二、1. Why do【详解】句意:我喜欢熊猫,因为它们很柔软。划线部分为“because they are soft”,这里是提问原因,用疑问词why来提问,原句主语是“I”,谓语动词是“like”,在疑问句中,需借助助动词do,将why和do依次放在句首,故填Why;do。2. What is【详解】句意:汤姆最喜欢的动物是老虎。划线部分为“the tiger”,这里是提问事物,用疑问词what来提问,原句主语是“Tom’s favorite animal”,谓语动词是“is”,在疑问句中,将what和is依次放在句首,故填What;is。3. Where is【详解】句意:书包在树下。原句划线部分“under the tree”是地点,对地点提问需用疑问词where。句型结构为:Where+be动词+主语。主语是“the schoolbag”,be动词用原句的is。故填Where;is。4. What can do【详解】句意:我会下中国象棋。此处对play Chinese chess“下中国象棋”提问,这是一个动作,用疑问词what提问,放句首首字母大写,且原句情态动词为can,第二空填情态动词can,后接动词原形,第三空用do。故填What;can;do。5. Where does come from【详解】句意:我们英语老师来自上海。划线部分表示地点,用where提问,后跟一般疑问句,原句谓语动词是三单comes,疑问句需借助助动词does,后跟动词原形。故填Where;does;come;from。6. Why do【详解】句意:我喜欢篮球,因为它很有趣。划线部分是because引导的原因状语从句,因此用why提问,后接一般疑问句,原句时态是一般现在时,主语是I,谓语动词是实义动词like,所以一般疑问句需要借助于助动词do,后面的实意动词like需用原形,故填Why;do。7. Don’t watch【详解】句意:你不能在上学日的晚上看电视。祈使句的否定形式通常以“Don’t + 动词原形”开头,表示“不要做某事”。原句中动词是“watch”,故填Don’t;watch。8. No fighting【详解】句意:不要在教室里打架。句子是祈使句,表示禁止,“Don’t fight”可以改写为“No fighting”。故填No;fighting。9. Don’t let【详解】句意:让他玩电脑游戏。本句为祈使句,改成否定句时,需在句首加Don’t,其后跟动词原形。故填Don’t;let。10. belongs to【详解】句意:这个新滑板是我的。同义句可表述为“这个新滑板属于我”,动词短语belong to意为“属于”,时态是一般现在时,主语The new skateboard表示单数,所以动词belong要变成第三人称单数形式belongs。故填belongs;to。11. is theirs【详解】句意:这是他们的房子。原句中their是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词house,改为同义句时,可用名词性物主代词theirs替换their house,主语This house是单数,句子时态为一般现在时,be动词用is。故填is;theirs。12.What time do you usually have breakfast /When do you usually have breakfast 【详解】句意:我通常7点吃早饭。根据题干可知,原句为一般现在时;对划线部分“at 7:00”提问需用特殊疑问句;时间状语提问用“what time”/“when”;原句主语为I,疑问句需用助动词do,主语改为you,后接动词原形。故填What time/When do you usually have breakfast 13. eggs and tomatoes【详解】句意:我喜欢西红柿鸡蛋汤。eggs and tomatoes表示“鸡蛋和西红柿”,名词表泛指应用复数形式。故填eggs;and;tomatoes。14. What does have【详解】句意:我姐姐早餐通常吃一些面包和牛奶。画线部分是表示吃的具体食物,对其提问用疑问词“what”,该句时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,因此引入助动词does,动词has变回原形have。句首单词首字母大写,故填What;does;have。15. I’d like rice please【详解】句意:今晚晚餐你想吃米饭还是面条?根据“Would you like rice or noodles for dinner tonight ”可知,回答应表达选择吃米饭,I“我”,回答用第一人称;would like sth.“想要某物”;rice“米饭”;please“请”,表示礼貌。故填I’d;like;rice;please。16. are some shelves chairs【详解】句意:有一个架子和一把椅子。本句是there be句型,要求改为复数,即“有一些架子和椅子”。be动词是are;some“一些”;shelves“架子”,名词复数;chairs“椅子”,名词复数。故填are;some;shelves;chairs。17. Which/What tea or coffee【详解】句意:你想喝点茶吗?改为选择疑问句,应改为“你想要什么,茶还是咖啡?”,用which或what引导,“茶或者咖啡”,用or连接表示选择。故填Which/What;tea;or;coffee。18. If don’t【详解】句意:努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。原句中,or表示“否则”,隐含否定条件:如果不努力学习,就会考试不及格。因此用If“如果”引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时表将来,主句用一般将来时,构成If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail the exam.,与原句语义完全一致。19. isn’t good for【详解】句意:垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。is bad for=isn’t good for…“对……有害”,是固定搭配。故填isn’t;good;for。20. belong to【详解】句意:看那些卡片。它们是我的。对比原句和改写后的句子可知,空格处需填“are mine”的同义表达,“belong to”表示“属于”,主语“They”是复数,谓语动词用原形belong。故填belong;to。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 知识过关第4讲 语法一【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语七年级下册期中复习学案(原卷版).docx 知识过关第4讲 语法一【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语七年级下册期中复习学案(解析版).docx