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知识过关第4讲 语法
Unit 1 Time to Relax 重点语法
动词不定式
1. 定义
动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”，不定式符号to有时也可省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中通常作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
2. 动词不定式作宾语
(1)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词如下：
want to do sth想要做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事 refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
expect to do sth期望做某事 decide to do sth决定做某事 offer to do sth主动提出做某事
learn to do sth学习做某事 hope to do sth希望做某事 afford to do sth承担得起做某事
agree to do sth同意做某事 prepare to do sth准备做某事 promise to do sth承诺做某事
choose to do sth选择做某事 help(to)do sth帮忙做某事 would like to do sth想要做某事
(2)find，think，make等词后面跟动词不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(即动词不定式)后置。如：
I find it difficult to learn a language well. 我发现学好一门语言很难。
(3)动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等疑问词连用，构成“疑问词+动词不定式”，在句中可充当宾语。如：
Can you teach me how to play the piano？你能教我怎样弹钢琴吗？
【注意】有些动词既可接动词不定式，也可以接动名词，但意义却不同。如：
try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 forget to do sth 忘记要做某事(还没做) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
remember to do sth 记得要做某事(还没做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词如下：
allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事
ask sb to do sth让某人做某事 teach sb to do sth教某人做某事
wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 expect sb to do sth盼望某人做某事
tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事
warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事 help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事
【拓展】常见的使役动词make，let，have及感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，to 需省略。如：
The teacher made him stand in the corner. 老师让他站在角落里。
My parents let me watch TV for an hour every day.我父母让我每天看一小时电视。
I often see them play football on the playground. 我经常看到他们在操场踢足球。
4. 动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时，可放在句首或句尾，位于句首时常用逗号隔开。如：
To learn more about history, he reads many books. 为了了解更多历史，他读了很多书。
My mum gets up early to make breakfast for us. 妈妈早起是为了给我们做早餐。
Unit 2 Stay Healthy重点语法
反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单 数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself
复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves
【 总 结 】第一、二人称的反身代词是在形容词性物主代词的基础上加-self/-selves,第三人称的反身代词是在人称代词的宾格的基础上加-self/-selves
【拓展】1. 反身代词可以在句中作同位语、宾语和表语
(1)作同位语，加强语气，用于被修饰的名词或代词后。如：
The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
(2)作宾语，用于动词或介词之后，主语和宾语指同一个或一些人。如：
You should take good care of yourself. 你应该照顾好你自己。
(3)作表语，用于系动词之后。如：
The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的男孩就是我自己。
2. 与反身代词相关的常见短语
by oneself 独自；单独
teach oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快
help oneself to … 随便吃……
lose oneself 迷失；迷路
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
hurt oneself 伤害自己
kill oneself 自杀
Unit 3 Growing Up 重点语法
从属连词although, until, so that与 if 的用法
从属连词 含义及用法 举 例
although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管；即使”，不能与but连用，但是可以和still, yet等词连用 Although he was tired, he still went on working. 虽然他很疲惫，但是他仍然继续工作。
until 引导时间状语从句，用于肯定句时，意为“到……时；直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词；用于否定句时，构成“not … until …”结构，意为“直到……才……”，主句的谓语动词一般用非延续性动词 I will stay here until you come back. 我会一直在这等到你回来。（stay为延续性动词） He didn't leave the office until he finished his work. 直到完成工作，他才离开了办公室。（leave为非延续性动词）
so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了；因此”，从句中常使用can, could, may, might, will等情态动词 They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 他们早早起床，为了能够赶上早班车。
if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果；假如”。当if引导真实条件句时，有以下几种句子结构：（1）当主句是一般将来时，if从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（2）当主句是祈使句时，if从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（3）当主句含有情态动词时，if从句的谓语动词通常用一般现在时 【注意】当主句含有情态动词用于提建议时，if从句的谓语动词也可使用一般过去时，用来使语气更委婉、客气、不具强制性 If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。 Please call me if you need any help. 如果你需要任何帮助，请打电话给我。 If you finish your work early, you can leave. 如果你提前完成工作，你就可以离开。 If you had time, I think you should read this book. 如果你有时间，我觉得你应该读读这本书。（委婉建议，不假定对方一定有时间）
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 重点语法
1.形容词和副词的原级的用法
用 法 举 例
表示“A与B在某方面程度一样”： A …+as+原级+as+B My mother hopes I can be as hard-working as Mary. 我妈妈希望我能像玛丽一样勤奋。
表示“A在某方面程度不及B”： A …+not+as/so+原级+as+B My father doesn't drive as/so carefully as my mother. 我爸爸开车没有我妈妈那么小心。
表示“A是B的几倍”： A …+倍数+as+原级+as+B This room is three times as big as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。
形容词和副词的比较级的用法
用 法 举 例
用于两者之间的比较。标志词：than，A or B等，或者语境中暗示两者比较 He is stronger than me. 他比我强壮。
“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数=比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数”表示“比同一范围的任何人或物更……”，有最高级的含义 Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.＝Lucy is taller than the other students in her class.露西比她班上的其他任何一个学生都高。(露西和自己班上的同学比较)
“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示 “越……，越……” The more he reads, the better he likes reading. 书读得越多，他越热爱阅读。
“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节形容词 / 副词”表示 “越来越……” He is taller and taller. 他越来越高了。As time went on, he grew more and more impatient. 时间长了，他越来越没有耐心。
形容词、副词的比较级前可以用这些词修饰: much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far, any等 He is much/a lot taller than before. 他比以前高多了。
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
用 法 举 例
用于三者或三者以上的比较。标志词：A, B or C; in / of / among …；或者语境中暗示多者比较(形容词最高级前没有限定词修饰时要用the, 副词最高级前可以省略the) 【注意】最高级所带的比较范围：如果范围与主语同类则用of或among,如果不同类则用in Which do you think is the most difficult, English, Chinese or maths 英语、语文与数学，你认为哪一科最难？ Mike studies hardest of / among the students.迈克是这些学生中学习最勤奋的。(迈克也是学生) Mike studies hardest in the class. 迈克是这个班上学习最勤奋的。(迈克不是班级)
“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示 “最……之一” He is one of the most popular singers in the world. 他是世界上最受欢迎的歌手之一。
“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几……” China is the third largest country in the world in size.中国是世界上面积第三大的国家。
“Which / Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C ”或“特殊疑问句+最高级，A, B or C ”表示对三者或三者以上的选择询问 Who is the tallest boy, Tom, Mike or John 谁是最高的男孩，汤姆、迈克还是约翰？ Which do you like best, coffee, tea or juice 你最喜欢哪一种，咖啡、茶还是果汁？
一、单项选择
1．She doesn’t know how ________ her time well. She is always busy with her studies and feels tired.
A．manage B．to manage C．managing D．managed
2．I find it difficult ________ the job in five minutes.
A．to finishing B．finishing C．finish D．to finish
3．My parents told me ________ push myself too hard. I should balance study and rest.
A．not B．not to C．don’t D．doesn’t
4．I felt sorry that I was late for the meeting. I was so busy ________ a novel that I forgot ________ the meeting.
A．to read; looking at B．reading; to see
C．to read; seeing D．reading; to look at
5．The teacher advised us ________ a plan for the reading competition first.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
6．I found ________ not very easy ________ to ride a horse.
A．that; learn B．it; learn C．that; to learn D．it; to learn
7．— What will you do after you finish your homework
— I have no idea. But my mum expects me ________ with the housework.
A．helping B．to help C．help D．helps
8．Tom promised ________ his homework before watching TV tonight.
A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished
9．I want ________ a volunteer to protect the cultural relics in our city.
A．be B．to be C．being D．am
10．They went to the countryside ________ fresh air and relax themselves.
A．breathing B．breathed C．to breathe D．breathe
11．—Did your sister make this toy bear
—Yes, she made it by ________.
A．herself B．himself C．her D．him
12．Don’t push ________ too hard. If you’re tired, stop to have a rest.
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
13．—I have a toothache.
—You _______ eat too many sweets.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t
14．The firemen put out the fire and saved ________ from danger.
A．them B．their C．themselves D．they
15．We should be strict with ________ in our study.
A．us B．ourselves C．our D．we
16．She taught ________ to play the piano when she was a child.
A．her B．she C．hers D．herself
17．The patients should look after ________ well after they leave the hospital.
A．themselves B．them C．their D．they
18．We should believe in ________ and never give up when we meet difficulties.
A．we B．us C．ourselves D．our
19．The little boy hurt ________ when he fell off the bike.
A．him B．his C．he D．himself
20．—Did you enjoy ________ at the party last night
—Yes, we had a great time.
A．yourselves B．you C．your D．yourself
21．We should protect ________ from the virus when we go out.
A．us B．ourselves C．our D．we
22．It’s raining too hard outside, so we won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A．if B．after C．when D．until
23．It is worth doing, ________ we had a lot of difficulty improving it. Go ahead!
A．However B．but C．although D．while
24．________ it is a small house, it is full of love and warmth.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So
25．The students were ________ excited ________ they cheered for the school team.
A．enough; to B．too; to C．so; that D．such; that
26．You should learn to control your temper ________ you don’t want to hurt others.
A．if B．although C．so that D．until
27．We’d better clean our classroom ________ it is tidy for the new class.
A．so that B．although C．until D．if
28．________ he felt very tired, he continued to clean the classroom.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So
29．The music is ________ beautiful ________ I lost myself in it.
A．very; that B．so; that C．too; to D．such; that
30．I won’t go to the park ________ you promise to go with me.
A．if B．although C．unless D．because
31．She studies hard ________ she can go to a good university in the future.
A．so that B．although C．until D．unless
32．________ the night was dark, the firefighters managed to save the little girl.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So that
33．Don’t be hard ________ your little brother; he is still a child.
A．on B．to C．with D．of
34．It’s important to communicate ________ your parents when you have problems.
A．to B．with C．about D．for
35．We must follow the school rules ________ we want to have a good learning environment.
A．although B．if C．so that D．until
36．The movie was ________ funny ________ we laughed loudly in the cinema.
A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; to
37．—Could you please help me with my math
—Sure, ________ you finish your homework.
A．until B．though C．after D．so that
38．My father is hard ________ himself, and he never gives up easily.
A．on B．to C．with D．for
39．________ you don’t clean your room regularly, it will become messy.
A．Although B．If C．Unless D．So
40．Please speak louder ________ everyone in the classroom can hear you.
A．so that B．because C．until D．though
41．—Why is Lucy so sad
—She didn’t win the singing competition ________ she practiced for a month.
A．because B．although C．so that D．if
42．As students, we ________ finish our homework on time every day.
A．could B．should C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t
43．—Oh, the toothache is killing me.
— You ________ go to see the dentist as soon as possible.
A．should B．might C．will D．would
44．—Mum is too busy to make dinner for us.
—Let’s do it by ________. We can’t depend on our parents too much.
A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves
45．When you find someone injured, you ________ give them first aid immediately.
A．could B．should C．must D．need to
46．Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest.
A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t
47．—To stay healthy, you ______ drink at least 8 glasses of water every day.
—Okay, I’ll try to remember that. Thanks for telling me.
A．should B．will C．might D．would
48．— I feel lonely these days.
— You ________ join some clubs to make new friends.
A．could B．have to C．must D．need
49．We ________ stop children from playing with fire, it’s a safety rule.
A．could B．should C．might D．would
50．—I want to improve my English.
—You ________ read more English stories every day.
A．should B．could C．must D．will
51．You ________ turn on the gas before checking for leaks, it’s very dangerous.
A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．should D．could
52．—Who is the ________ girl in your class
—The one in red.
A．more beautiful B．beautiful C．most beautiful D．beautifuler
53．This is one of the ________ books I have ever read.
A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting
54．—Who runs ________ in your class
—Mike does.
A．fast B．faster C．the fastest D．the faster
55．Of all the students, Jim studies ________.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the harder
56．This building is twice as ________ as that one.
A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest
57．She is not as ________ as her sister.
A．outgoing B．more outgoing C．the most outgoing D．outgoinger
58．The more you learn, the ________ you’ll understand.
A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．more easily
59．—Which city do you think is ________, Shanghai or Guangzhou
—I think Shanghai is bigger.
A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．biggest
60．The instructions on the medicine bottle say: if you feel ________ after taking it, stop and see a doctor.
A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst
61．Shanghai Disneyland is ________ theme park in China, attracting millions of visitors every year.
A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular
62．The new high-speed railway makes travelling between the two cities ________ than before.
A．convenient B．more convenient C．the most convenient D．most convenient
63．—What do you think of the two novels
—This one is good, but I think that one is ________. The plot is more moving.
A．meaningful B．more meaningful C．the most meaningful D．most meaningful
64．—How about the new VR glasses
—They make the game world look ________ than I ever imagined.
A．very real B．much more real C．the most real D．more much real
65．Among all the traditional Chinese festivals, the Mid-Autumn Festival is one of ________ for family reunions.
A．important B．more important C．the most important D．most important
66．After a good sleep, I felt much ________ and ready for the new day.
A．well B．good C．better D．best
67．—Which dress do you like ________, the red one or the blue one
—The blue one. It looks ________ on me.
A．better; good B．better; better C．best; well D．best; better
68．This new phone is ________ that old one. I want to buy it.
A．as expensive as B．not so expensive as C．more expensive than D．the most expensive of
69．The ________ you work, the ________ progress you will make.
A．hard; great B．harder; greater C．hardest; greatest D．hard; greater
70．He runs ________ in his class. Nobody can catch up with him.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the faster
二、根据要求完成句子
1．He isn’t sure when he should make the phone call.（改为同义句）
He isn’t sure when ________ ________ the phone call.
2．It’s important for us to form good habits. (同义句转换)
Forming good habits is ________ ________ us.
3．You should watch less TV.(改为同义句)
You should ________ ________ ________ watching TV.
4．It’s a good idea to take up a hobby. (改为同义句)
________ up a hobby ________ a good idea.
5．He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. (改为同义句)
He gets up early ________ ________ ________ catch the early bus.
6．Lisa should put some medicine on the cut. （改为否定句）
Lisa ________ ________ ________ medicine on the cut.
7．She should put some medicine on the cut.（改为一般疑问句）
________ she ________ any medicine on the cut
8．Why not talk to your parents (改为同义句)
You ________ ________ to your parents.
9．Don’t run the red light! (改为同义句)
You ______________ _______ the red light!
10．It’s necessary to take enough exercise every week. (同义句转换)
We ________ ________ take enough exercise every week.
11．Although it was cold, they went swimming. (用 though 替换 although)
________ it was cold, they went swimming.
12．Dave went to bed after he finished his homework last night. (改为同义句)
Dave ________ go to bed ________ he finished his homework last night.
13．I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework. (同义句)
I ________ to bed ________ I finished my homework.
14．DeepSeek is clever and helpful, but we should use it wisely. (改为同义句)
________ DeepSeek is clever and helpful, we should use it wisely.
15．We can’t finish the work on time without Mr Green’s help. (改为同义句)
________ Mr Green ________ help us, we can’t finish the work on time.
16．He went to bed after his mother came home. (改为同义句)
He ________ go to bed ________ his mother came home.
17．No river in China is longer than the Yangtze River. (改为同义句)
The Yangtze River is ________ ________ river in China.
The Yangtze River is longer than ________ ________ ________ in China.
18．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句)
That book is ________ interesting ________ this one.
19．This robot is more helpful than that one. (改为同义句)
That robot is ________ ________ ________ this one.
20．He is younger than any other student in his class. (改为最高级)
He is ________ ________ student in his class.
21．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句)
That book is ________ ________ ________ this one.
22．Li Hua is the tallest in our class. (改为同义句)
No one in our class is ________ ________ ________ Li Hua.
= No one in our class is ________ ________ Li Hua.
23．This dress is worse than the other two. (改为同义句)
This dress is ________ ________ of the three.
24．My grandma can make delicious dumplings. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your grandma ________
25．I eat bread and milk for breakfast. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ you eat for breakfast
26．I like bananas because they are full of vitamins. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ you like bananas
27．I have a headache. (对划线部分提问)
________ is ________ ________ with you
28．You could see the doctor if you have the flu. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you ________ if you have the flu
29．We should brush our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ we brush our teeth twice a day
30．You should wear warm clothes to avoid catching a cold. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ I do to avoid catching a cold / 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第4讲 语法
Unit 1 Time to Relax 重点语法
动词不定式
1. 定义
动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”，不定式符号to有时也可省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中通常作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
2. 动词不定式作宾语
(1)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词如下：
want to do sth想要做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事 refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
expect to do sth期望做某事 decide to do sth决定做某事 offer to do sth主动提出做某事
learn to do sth学习做某事 hope to do sth希望做某事 afford to do sth承担得起做某事
agree to do sth同意做某事 prepare to do sth准备做某事 promise to do sth承诺做某事
choose to do sth选择做某事 help(to)do sth帮忙做某事 would like to do sth想要做某事
(2)find，think，make等词后面跟动词不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(即动词不定式)后置。如：
I find it difficult to learn a language well. 我发现学好一门语言很难。
(3)动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等疑问词连用，构成“疑问词+动词不定式”，在句中可充当宾语。如：
Can you teach me how to play the piano？你能教我怎样弹钢琴吗？
【注意】有些动词既可接动词不定式，也可以接动名词，但意义却不同。如：
try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 forget to do sth 忘记要做某事(还没做) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
remember to do sth 记得要做某事(还没做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词如下：
allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事
ask sb to do sth让某人做某事 teach sb to do sth教某人做某事
wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 expect sb to do sth盼望某人做某事
tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事
warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事 help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事
【拓展】常见的使役动词make，let，have及感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，to 需省略。如：
The teacher made him stand in the corner. 老师让他站在角落里。
My parents let me watch TV for an hour every day.我父母让我每天看一小时电视。
I often see them play football on the playground. 我经常看到他们在操场踢足球。
4. 动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时，可放在句首或句尾，位于句首时常用逗号隔开。如：
To learn more about history, he reads many books. 为了了解更多历史，他读了很多书。
My mum gets up early to make breakfast for us. 妈妈早起是为了给我们做早餐。
Unit 2 Stay Healthy重点语法
反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单 数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself
复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves
【 总 结 】第一、二人称的反身代词是在形容词性物主代词的基础上加-self/-selves,第三人称的反身代词是在人称代词的宾格的基础上加-self/-selves
【拓展】1. 反身代词可以在句中作同位语、宾语和表语
(1)作同位语，加强语气，用于被修饰的名词或代词后。如：
The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
(2)作宾语，用于动词或介词之后，主语和宾语指同一个或一些人。如：
You should take good care of yourself. 你应该照顾好你自己。
(3)作表语，用于系动词之后。如：
The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的男孩就是我自己。
2. 与反身代词相关的常见短语
by oneself 独自；单独
teach oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快
help oneself to … 随便吃……
lose oneself 迷失；迷路
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
hurt oneself 伤害自己
kill oneself 自杀
Unit 3 Growing Up 重点语法
从属连词although, until, so that与 if 的用法
从属连词 含义及用法 举 例
although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管；即使”，不能与but连用，但是可以和still, yet等词连用 Although he was tired, he still went on working. 虽然他很疲惫，但是他仍然继续工作。
until 引导时间状语从句，用于肯定句时，意为“到……时；直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词；用于否定句时，构成“not … until …”结构，意为“直到……才……”，主句的谓语动词一般用非延续性动词 I will stay here until you come back. 我会一直在这等到你回来。（stay为延续性动词） He didn't leave the office until he finished his work. 直到完成工作，他才离开了办公室。（leave为非延续性动词）
so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“为了；因此”，从句中常使用can, could, may, might, will等情态动词 They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 他们早早起床，为了能够赶上早班车。
if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果；假如”。当if引导真实条件句时，有以下几种句子结构：（1）当主句是一般将来时，if从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（2）当主句是祈使句时，if从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（3）当主句含有情态动词时，if从句的谓语动词通常用一般现在时 【注意】当主句含有情态动词用于提建议时，if从句的谓语动词也可使用一般过去时，用来使语气更委婉、客气、不具强制性 If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。 Please call me if you need any help. 如果你需要任何帮助，请打电话给我。 If you finish your work early, you can leave. 如果你提前完成工作，你就可以离开。 If you had time, I think you should read this book. 如果你有时间，我觉得你应该读读这本书。（委婉建议，不假定对方一定有时间）
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 重点语法
1.形容词和副词的原级的用法
用 法 举 例
表示“A与B在某方面程度一样”： A …+as+原级+as+B My mother hopes I can be as hard-working as Mary. 我妈妈希望我能像玛丽一样勤奋。
表示“A在某方面程度不及B”： A …+not+as/so+原级+as+B My father doesn't drive as/so carefully as my mother. 我爸爸开车没有我妈妈那么小心。
表示“A是B的几倍”： A …+倍数+as+原级+as+B This room is three times as big as that one. 这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。
形容词和副词的比较级的用法
用 法 举 例
用于两者之间的比较。标志词：than，A or B等，或者语境中暗示两者比较 He is stronger than me. 他比我强壮。
“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数=比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数”表示“比同一范围的任何人或物更……”，有最高级的含义 Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.＝Lucy is taller than the other students in her class.露西比她班上的其他任何一个学生都高。(露西和自己班上的同学比较)
“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示 “越……，越……” The more he reads, the better he likes reading. 书读得越多，他越热爱阅读。
“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节形容词 / 副词”表示 “越来越……” He is taller and taller. 他越来越高了。As time went on, he grew more and more impatient. 时间长了，他越来越没有耐心。
形容词、副词的比较级前可以用这些词修饰: much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far, any等 He is much/a lot taller than before. 他比以前高多了。
3. 形容词和副词的最高级的用法
用 法 举 例
用于三者或三者以上的比较。标志词：A, B or C; in / of / among …；或者语境中暗示多者比较(形容词最高级前没有限定词修饰时要用the, 副词最高级前可以省略the) 【注意】最高级所带的比较范围：如果范围与主语同类则用of或among,如果不同类则用in Which do you think is the most difficult, English, Chinese or maths 英语、语文与数学，你认为哪一科最难？ Mike studies hardest of / among the students.迈克是这些学生中学习最勤奋的。(迈克也是学生) Mike studies hardest in the class. 迈克是这个班上学习最勤奋的。(迈克不是班级)
“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示 “最……之一” He is one of the most popular singers in the world. 他是世界上最受欢迎的歌手之一。
“the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几……” China is the third largest country in the world in size.中国是世界上面积第三大的国家。
“Which / Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C ”或“特殊疑问句+最高级，A, B or C ”表示对三者或三者以上的选择询问 Who is the tallest boy, Tom, Mike or John 谁是最高的男孩，汤姆、迈克还是约翰？ Which do you like best, coffee, tea or juice 你最喜欢哪一种，咖啡、茶还是果汁？
一、单项选择
1．She doesn’t know how ________ her time well. She is always busy with her studies and feels tired.
A．manage B．to manage C．managing D．managed
2．I find it difficult ________ the job in five minutes.
A．to finishing B．finishing C．finish D．to finish
3．My parents told me ________ push myself too hard. I should balance study and rest.
A．not B．not to C．don’t D．doesn’t
4．I felt sorry that I was late for the meeting. I was so busy ________ a novel that I forgot ________ the meeting.
A．to read; looking at B．reading; to see
C．to read; seeing D．reading; to look at
5．The teacher advised us ________ a plan for the reading competition first.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
6．I found ________ not very easy ________ to ride a horse.
A．that; learn B．it; learn C．that; to learn D．it; to learn
7．— What will you do after you finish your homework
— I have no idea. But my mum expects me ________ with the housework.
A．helping B．to help C．help D．helps
8．Tom promised ________ his homework before watching TV tonight.
A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished
9．I want ________ a volunteer to protect the cultural relics in our city.
A．be B．to be C．being D．am
10．They went to the countryside ________ fresh air and relax themselves.
A．breathing B．breathed C．to breathe D．breathe
11．—Did your sister make this toy bear
—Yes, she made it by ________.
A．herself B．himself C．her D．him
12．Don’t push ________ too hard. If you’re tired, stop to have a rest.
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
13．—I have a toothache.
—You _______ eat too many sweets.
A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t
14．The firemen put out the fire and saved ________ from danger.
A．them B．their C．themselves D．they
15．We should be strict with ________ in our study.
A．us B．ourselves C．our D．we
16．She taught ________ to play the piano when she was a child.
A．her B．she C．hers D．herself
17．The patients should look after ________ well after they leave the hospital.
A．themselves B．them C．their D．they
18．We should believe in ________ and never give up when we meet difficulties.
A．we B．us C．ourselves D．our
19．The little boy hurt ________ when he fell off the bike.
A．him B．his C．he D．himself
20．—Did you enjoy ________ at the party last night
—Yes, we had a great time.
A．yourselves B．you C．your D．yourself
21．We should protect ________ from the virus when we go out.
A．us B．ourselves C．our D．we
22．It’s raining too hard outside, so we won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A．if B．after C．when D．until
23．It is worth doing, ________ we had a lot of difficulty improving it. Go ahead!
A．However B．but C．although D．while
24．________ it is a small house, it is full of love and warmth.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So
25．The students were ________ excited ________ they cheered for the school team.
A．enough; to B．too; to C．so; that D．such; that
26．You should learn to control your temper ________ you don’t want to hurt others.
A．if B．although C．so that D．until
27．We’d better clean our classroom ________ it is tidy for the new class.
A．so that B．although C．until D．if
28．________ he felt very tired, he continued to clean the classroom.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So
29．The music is ________ beautiful ________ I lost myself in it.
A．very; that B．so; that C．too; to D．such; that
30．I won’t go to the park ________ you promise to go with me.
A．if B．although C．unless D．because
31．She studies hard ________ she can go to a good university in the future.
A．so that B．although C．until D．unless
32．________ the night was dark, the firefighters managed to save the little girl.
A．Because B．Although C．If D．So that
33．Don’t be hard ________ your little brother; he is still a child.
A．on B．to C．with D．of
34．It’s important to communicate ________ your parents when you have problems.
A．to B．with C．about D．for
35．We must follow the school rules ________ we want to have a good learning environment.
A．although B．if C．so that D．until
36．The movie was ________ funny ________ we laughed loudly in the cinema.
A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; to
37．—Could you please help me with my math
—Sure, ________ you finish your homework.
A．until B．though C．after D．so that
38．My father is hard ________ himself, and he never gives up easily.
A．on B．to C．with D．for
39．________ you don’t clean your room regularly, it will become messy.
A．Although B．If C．Unless D．So
40．Please speak louder ________ everyone in the classroom can hear you.
A．so that B．because C．until D．though
41．—Why is Lucy so sad
—She didn’t win the singing competition ________ she practiced for a month.
A．because B．although C．so that D．if
42．As students, we ________ finish our homework on time every day.
A．could B．should C．shouldn’t D．couldn’t
43．—Oh, the toothache is killing me.
— You ________ go to see the dentist as soon as possible.
A．should B．might C．will D．would
44．—Mum is too busy to make dinner for us.
—Let’s do it by ________. We can’t depend on our parents too much.
A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves
45．When you find someone injured, you ________ give them first aid immediately.
A．could B．should C．must D．need to
46．Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest.
A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t
47．—To stay healthy, you ______ drink at least 8 glasses of water every day.
—Okay, I’ll try to remember that. Thanks for telling me.
A．should B．will C．might D．would
48．— I feel lonely these days.
— You ________ join some clubs to make new friends.
A．could B．have to C．must D．need
49．We ________ stop children from playing with fire, it’s a safety rule.
A．could B．should C．might D．would
50．—I want to improve my English.
—You ________ read more English stories every day.
A．should B．could C．must D．will
51．You ________ turn on the gas before checking for leaks, it’s very dangerous.
A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．should D．could
52．—Who is the ________ girl in your class
—The one in red.
A．more beautiful B．beautiful C．most beautiful D．beautifuler
53．This is one of the ________ books I have ever read.
A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting
54．—Who runs ________ in your class
—Mike does.
A．fast B．faster C．the fastest D．the faster
55．Of all the students, Jim studies ________.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the harder
56．This building is twice as ________ as that one.
A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest
57．She is not as ________ as her sister.
A．outgoing B．more outgoing C．the most outgoing D．outgoinger
58．The more you learn, the ________ you’ll understand.
A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．more easily
59．—Which city do you think is ________, Shanghai or Guangzhou
—I think Shanghai is bigger.
A．big B．bigger C．the biggest D．biggest
60．The instructions on the medicine bottle say: if you feel ________ after taking it, stop and see a doctor.
A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst
61．Shanghai Disneyland is ________ theme park in China, attracting millions of visitors every year.
A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular
62．The new high-speed railway makes travelling between the two cities ________ than before.
A．convenient B．more convenient C．the most convenient D．most convenient
63．—What do you think of the two novels
—This one is good, but I think that one is ________. The plot is more moving.
A．meaningful B．more meaningful C．the most meaningful D．most meaningful
64．—How about the new VR glasses
—They make the game world look ________ than I ever imagined.
A．very real B．much more real C．the most real D．more much real
65．Among all the traditional Chinese festivals, the Mid-Autumn Festival is one of ________ for family reunions.
A．important B．more important C．the most important D．most important
66．After a good sleep, I felt much ________ and ready for the new day.
A．well B．good C．better D．best
67．—Which dress do you like ________, the red one or the blue one
—The blue one. It looks ________ on me.
A．better; good B．better; better C．best; well D．best; better
68．This new phone is ________ that old one. I want to buy it.
A．as expensive as B．not so expensive as C．more expensive than D．the most expensive of
69．The ________ you work, the ________ progress you will make.
A．hard; great B．harder; greater C．hardest; greatest D．hard; greater
70．He runs ________ in his class. Nobody can catch up with him.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the faster
二、根据要求完成句子
1．He isn’t sure when he should make the phone call.（改为同义句）
He isn’t sure when ________ ________ the phone call.
2．It’s important for us to form good habits. (同义句转换)
Forming good habits is ________ ________ us.
3．You should watch less TV.(改为同义句)
You should ________ ________ ________ watching TV.
4．It’s a good idea to take up a hobby. (改为同义句)
________ up a hobby ________ a good idea.
5．He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. (改为同义句)
He gets up early ________ ________ ________ catch the early bus.
6．Lisa should put some medicine on the cut. （改为否定句）
Lisa ________ ________ ________ medicine on the cut.
7．She should put some medicine on the cut.（改为一般疑问句）
________ she ________ any medicine on the cut
8．Why not talk to your parents (改为同义句)
You ________ ________ to your parents.
9．Don’t run the red light! (改为同义句)
You ______________ _______ the red light!
10．It’s necessary to take enough exercise every week. (同义句转换)
We ________ ________ take enough exercise every week.
11．Although it was cold, they went swimming. (用 though 替换 although)
________ it was cold, they went swimming.
12．Dave went to bed after he finished his homework last night. (改为同义句)
Dave ________ go to bed ________ he finished his homework last night.
13．I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework. (同义句)
I ________ to bed ________ I finished my homework.
14．DeepSeek is clever and helpful, but we should use it wisely. (改为同义句)
________ DeepSeek is clever and helpful, we should use it wisely.
15．We can’t finish the work on time without Mr Green’s help. (改为同义句)
________ Mr Green ________ help us, we can’t finish the work on time.
16．He went to bed after his mother came home. (改为同义句)
He ________ go to bed ________ his mother came home.
17．No river in China is longer than the Yangtze River. (改为同义句)
The Yangtze River is ________ ________ river in China.
The Yangtze River is longer than ________ ________ ________ in China.
18．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句)
That book is ________ interesting ________ this one.
19．This robot is more helpful than that one. (改为同义句)
That robot is ________ ________ ________ this one.
20．He is younger than any other student in his class. (改为最高级)
He is ________ ________ student in his class.
21．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句)
That book is ________ ________ ________ this one.
22．Li Hua is the tallest in our class. (改为同义句)
No one in our class is ________ ________ ________ Li Hua.
= No one in our class is ________ ________ Li Hua.
23．This dress is worse than the other two. (改为同义句)
This dress is ________ ________ of the three.
24．My grandma can make delicious dumplings. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your grandma ________
25．I eat bread and milk for breakfast. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ you eat for breakfast
26．I like bananas because they are full of vitamins. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ you like bananas
27．I have a headache. (对划线部分提问)
________ is ________ ________ with you
28．You could see the doctor if you have the flu. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you ________ if you have the flu
29．We should brush our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ we brush our teeth twice a day
30．You should wear warm clothes to avoid catching a cold. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ I do to avoid catching a cold
参考答案
一、
1．B
【详解】句意：她不知道如何合理安排自己的时间，她总是忙于学习并且感到疲惫。
“how to do sth”为固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，此处需要用不定式形式，应填to manage。
2．D
【详解】句意：我发现在五分钟内完成这项工作很困难。
“find it+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语，应填to finish。
3．B
【详解】句意：我的父母告诉我不要把自己逼得太紧。我应该平衡学习和休息。
此处使用搭配tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。
4．B
【详解】句意：我很抱歉开会迟到了。我忙着读小说，以至于忘了去开会。
固定搭配be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，因此用动名词reading，排除A、C选项。see强调“看见、出席”的结果；look at强调看的动作。根据“迟到”可知，是忘记去开会这一结果，因此用不定式to see。
5．B
【详解】句意：老师建议我们首先为阅读比赛制定一个计划。
make制作；to make制作（动词不定式）；making制作（动名词/现在分词）；made制作（动词过去式/过去分词）。根据动词advise的固定用法advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事），此处需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
6．D
【详解】句意：我发现学习骑马不是很简单。
“find it + 形容词 + to do sth.”，意为“发现做某事很……”。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。因此第一空填it作形式宾语，第二空填to learn 构成不定式。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你做完作业后要做什么？——我不知道。但我妈妈期望我去帮忙做家务。
此处使用搭配expect sb. to do sth.意为“期望某人做某事”，故使用动词不定式to help。
8．B
【详解】句意：Tom承诺今晚看电视前完成作业。
promise后接不定式作宾语，即promise to do sth.，是固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，所以用to finish。
9．B
【详解】句意：我想成为一名志愿者来保护我们城市的文物。
be是，动词原形；to be成为，动词不定式；being是，动名词；am是，第一人称单数形式。根据固定搭配want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，可知want后接动词不定式，此处表示“想要成为”，应填to be。
10．C
【详解】句意：他们去乡下为了呼吸新鲜空气和放松自己。
breathing现在分词/动名词；breathed过去式/过去分词；to breathe动词不定式；breathe动词原形。根据“fresh air and relax themselves”可知，此处表示去乡下的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，应填to breathe。
11．A
【详解】句意：——这个玩具熊是你姐姐做的吗？——是的，她自己做的。
herself她自己；himself他自己；her她（宾格/形容词性物主代词）；him他（宾格）。“by+反身代词”表示“独自/亲自”，主语she的反身代词为herself。
12．D
【详解】句意：别把你自己逼得太紧。如果你累了，就停下来休息一下。
you你；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己。根据句意可知，此处祈使句的隐含主语是“you”，宾语也指“you”，主语和宾语指代同一人，应用反身代词yourself。
13．B
【详解】句意：——我牙疼。——你不应该吃太多糖果。
should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；couldn’t不可以。“have a toothache.”牙疼，所以“不应该”吃太多糖果，应填shouldn’t。
14．C
【详解】句意：消防员扑灭了大火，把自己从危险中救了出来。
them他/她/它们（宾格）；their他/她/它们的（形容词性物主代词）；themselves他们/ 她们/它们自己（反身代词）；they他/她/它们（主格）。save oneself 是固定用法，意为“自救、拯救自己”，主语The firemen是复数，对应的反身代词为themselves。
15．B
【详解】句意：我们在学习中应该严格要求自己。
us我们（宾格）；ourselves我们自己（反身代词）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；we我们（主格）。根据主语“We”可知，宾语指代主语本身，意为“我们自己”，当主语和宾语指代同一对象时，宾语应用反身代词，应选ourselves。
16．D
【详解】句意：她小时候自学弹钢琴。
her她（宾格，形容词性物主代词）；she她（主格）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）；herself她自己（反身代词）。 teach oneself意为“自学”，主语是She，对应的反身代词为herself，符合结构与语境。
17．A
【详解】句意：病人离开医院后应该好好照顾他们自己。
themselves他们自己；them他们；their他们的；they他们。根据主语“The patients”可知，动作的发出者和承受者都是同一对象，当主语和宾语指代同一群人时，宾语需用反身代词，patients为复数，反身代词用themselves。
18．C
【详解】句意：当我们遇到困难时，我们应该相信我们自己，永远不要放弃。
we我们（主格）；us我们（宾格）；ourselves我们自己（反身代词）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据“We should believe in...”可知，主语是We，宾语指代主语本身，表示“相信我们自己”，应用反身代词ourselves。
19．D
【详解】句意：这个小男孩从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。
him他；his他的；he他；himself他自己。根据主语“The little boy”可知，动作的承受者也是男孩自己，当主语和宾语为同一人时，宾语应用反身代词，hurt oneself 表示“伤到某人自己”。应填himself。
20．A
【详解】句意：——昨晚你们在聚会上玩得开心吗？——是的，我们玩得很开心。
结合答语中的we可知，问句询问的是“你们自己”玩得是否开心。enjoy oneself是固定搭配，表示“玩得开心；过得愉快”，主语是you，且根据答语可知这里指复数“你们”，所以反身代词应用yourselves。
21．B
【详解】句意：当我们外出时，我们应该保护我们自己免受病毒感染。
us我们，we的宾格；ourselves我们自己，we的反身代词；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格。根据主语“We”可知，主语和宾语指代同一对象，应用反身代词ourselves。
22．D
【详解】句意：外面雨下得太大了，因此我们直到雨停了才离开。
if如果；after在……之后；when当……时；until直到。根据“we don’t leave...the rain stops”可知，此处表示“直到……才……”，应用not...until引导时间状语从句。
23．C
【详解】句意：这件事值得去做，尽管我们在改进它的过程中遇到了很多困难。加油！
However然而；but但是；although虽然、尽管；while当……时候、然而。根据句子结构，逗号前后为完整句子，需要引导让步状语从句的连词，although符合语法和语义。
24．B
【详解】句意：虽然它是一所小房子，但它充满了爱和温暖。
Because因为；Although虽然；If如果；So所以。前半句“房子小”与后半句“充满爱”之间构成让步转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。
25．C
【详解】句意：学生们如此兴奋，以至于他们为校队欢呼。
so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词；such...that...中such后接名词；enough to和too...to...后接动词原形。句中excited为形容词，后面they cheered for the school team是从句，符合so+adj./adv.+that+从句结构。
26．A
【详解】句意：你应该学会控制你的脾气，如果你不想伤害别人。
考查连词辨析。if如果；although虽然；so that以便；until直到。根据句意可知，前句“控制脾气”是建议，后句“不想伤害别人”是条件，表示“如果”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
27．A
【详解】句意：我们最好打扫我们的教室，以便它保持整洁迎接新班级。
so that以便；although虽然；until直到；if如果。根据“We’d better clean our classroom”及“it is tidy”可知，前句是动作，后句是目的，表示“为了，以便”，应用so that引导目的状语从句。
28．B
【详解】句意：尽管他感到很累，但他继续打扫教室。
Because因为；Although尽管；If如果；So所以。根据“he felt very tired, he continued to clean the classroom.”可知，前半句“感到累”与后半句“继续打扫”之间存在让步关系，尽管累仍然继续，此处应用Although引导让步状语从句。
29．B
【详解】句意：音乐是如此美妙以至于我沉浸其中了。
so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词；such...that...如此……以至于……，后接名词短语；too...to...太……而不能……，to后接动词原形。根据句中beautiful为形容词，且后面接的是句子“I lost myself in it”，可知应用so...that...结构。
30．C
【详解】句意：除非你答应和我一起去，否则我不会去公园。
if如果；although尽管；unless除非；如果不；because因为。根据“I won’t go to the park … you promise to go with me.”可知，此处表示条件，意为“除非”，unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if not，符合语境。
31．A
【详解】句意：她努力学习，以便她将来能上一所好大学。
so that以便；although虽然；until直到；unless除非。根据“She studies hard... she can go to a good university...”可知，前句是努力学习的行为，后句是上好大学的目的，表示目的应用so that引导目的状语从句。
32．B
【详解】句意：尽管夜色漆黑，消防员们还是设法救了那个小女孩。
Because因为；Although虽然，尽管；If如果；So that以便。前句“夜色漆黑”是不利条件，后句“救了小女孩”是成功结果，前后存在让步转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。
33．A
【详解】句意：不要对你的小弟弟太苛刻；他还是个孩子。
on在……上；to到；with和……；of……的。固定短语be hard on sb.意为“对某人苛刻/严厉”，符合语境。
34．B
【详解】句意：当你有问题时，和父母交流是很重要的。
to向；with和；about关于；for为了。根据“communicate… your parents”可知，此处表示“与某人交流”，固定搭配为“communicate with somebody”。
35．B
【详解】句意：如果我们想要有一个好的学习环境，我们必须遵守校规。
although虽然；if如果；so that以便；until直到。根据“We must follow the school rules... we want to have a good learning environment.”可知，前后句是条件关系，“想要好的环境”是“遵守校规”的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。
36．B
【详解】句意：这部电影如此有趣，以至于我们在电影院里大声笑了起来。
too…to…太……而不能，to后接动词原形；so…that…如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词，that后接从句；such…that…如此……以至于……，such后接名词短语；enough…to…足够……，enough置于形容词后。根据“The movie was…funny…we laughed loudly in the cinema.”可知，funny是形容词且后接从句可知，应用so…that…结构。应填so；that。
37．C
【详解】句意：——你能帮我学数学吗？——当然可以，在你完成作业之后。
until直到……为止；though虽然；after在……之后；so that以便，为了。根据答句“Sure”以及“you finish your homework”可知，此处表示在完成作业之后可以帮忙学数学，应填after。
38．A
【详解】句意：我父亲对自己很严厉，而且他从不轻易放弃。
on在……上；to向；with和；for为了。固定搭配be hard on sb. 意为“对某人严厉”。根据后半句“he never gives up easily”可知，父亲对自己要求严格。应填on。
39．B
【详解】句意：如果你不定期打扫房间，它就会变得凌乱。
Although虽然；If如果；Unless除非；So所以。根据“you don’t clean your room regularly, it will become messy.”可知前后句是条件关系，如果不打扫房间就会变乱，应用If引导条件状语从句。
40．A
【详解】句意：请大声点说，以便教室里的每个人都能听到你。
so that以便；because因为；until直到……才……；though尽管。根据句意可知，前句“请大声点说”是行动，后句“教室里的每个人都能听到你”是目的。so that 意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句，符合语境。
41．B
【详解】句意：——露西为什么这么伤心？——尽管她练习了一个月，她还是没有赢得歌唱比赛。
because因为；although虽然；so that以便；if如果。根据“didn’t win”和“practiced for a month”可知，前后句意存在让步关系，虽然努力练习了但没赢，符合although的用法。
42．B
【详解】句意：作为学生，我们每天应该按时完成作业。
could能，可以；should应该；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能，不可以。根据“As students”以及“finish our homework on time every day”可知，作为学生按时完成作业是应该做的事情，应填should。
43．A
【详解】句意：——哦，牙疼得要命。——你应该尽快去看牙医。
should应该；might可能；will将会；would将会。根据前句“the toothache is killing me”可知，对方牙疼严重，此处是给出建议，强调应该尽快看牙医。
44．D
【详解】句意：——妈妈太忙了，不能为我们做饭。——让我们自己动手做吧。我们不能太依赖父母。
we我们（主格）；us我们（宾格）；our我们的（物主代词）；ourselves我们自己（反身代词）。根据“We can’t depend on our parents too much”可知，此处强调不依赖他人而由自己完成。固定短语by oneself，意为“亲自；靠自己”。
45．B
【详解】句意：当你发现有人受伤时，你应该立即给他们急救。
could能，可以；should应该；must必须；need需要。根据When you find someone injured及give them first aid immediately可知，发现有人受伤时，立即急救是应尽的责任，表示“应该”，应填should。
46．C
【详解】句意：杰克感冒了。他应该躺下休息。
can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Jack has a cold.”可知，杰克生病了，此处是给出建议，认为他应该休息。应填should。
47．A
【详解】句意：——为了保持健康，你应该每天至少喝8杯水。——好的，我会努力记住的。谢谢你告诉我。
should应该；will将要；might可能；would将会。根据“To stay healthy”可知，为了保持健康，每天至少喝8杯水是一种建议，所以此处表示“应该”，应填should。
48．A
【详解】句意：——我这些天感到很孤独。——你可以加入一些俱乐部来结交新朋友。
could可以（表示委婉的建议）；have to不得不；must必须（语气强硬的命令）；need需要（后接动词需加to）。句中是给对方提出委婉的建议，用could最符合语境。
49．B
【详解】句意：我们应该阻止孩子们玩火，这是一条安全规则。
could能；should应该；might可能；would将会。根据“it’s a safety rule”可知，阻止孩子玩火是责任和义务，此处表示“应该”。
50．A
【详解】句意：——我想提高我的英语。——你应该每天多读英语故事。
should应该；could能够；must必须；will将要。根据上文“I want to improve my English”可知，答语是在给对方提出建议，should常用于提出建议，意为“应该”。
51．A
【详解】句意：在检查泄露之前，你不应该打开煤气，这非常危险。
考查情态动词辨析：shouldn’t“不应该”、couldn’t“不能”、should“应该”、could“能够”。根据“it’s very dangerous”可知这样做很危险，推测出是不应该打开煤气，shouldn’t符合语境，应选shouldn’t。
52．C
【详解】句意：——班里谁是最漂亮的女孩？——穿红衣服的那个。
more beautiful更漂亮，比较级；beautiful漂亮，原级；most beautiful最漂亮，最高级；beautifuler形式错误。根据空前定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词最高级，表示“最……”。beautiful是多音节形容词，其最高级形式需在前面加most。
53．C
【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。
根据“I have ever read”和固定结构“one of the+最高级+名词复数”可知，此处应用最高级，且最高级前需加定冠词“the”，题干已给出。应填most interesting。
54．C
【详解】句意：——你们班谁跑得最快？——Mike 跑得最快。
fast快，原级；faster更快，比较级；the fastest最快，最高级；the faster两者中较快的。根据“in your class”可知是在全班范围内进行比较，三者及以上比较用最高级。故选C。
55．C
【详解】句意：在所有学生中，吉姆学习最努力。
hard努力地；harder更努力地；hardest最努力地；the harder越努力。根据“Of all the students”可知，比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级，副词最高级前定冠词“the”可省略。应填hardest。
56．A
【详解】句意：这座建筑物是那座的两倍高。
high高的；higher更高的；the highest最高的；highest最高的。根据“twice as ... as”结构可知，中间应接形容词原级，表示“是……的几倍”。
57．A
【详解】句意：她不如她姐姐外向。
outgoing外向的，形容词原级；more outgoing更外向的，形容词比较级；the most outgoing最外向的，形容词最高级；outgoinger错误形式。根据“not as ... as”结构可知，中间需用形容词原级，表示“不如……”。
58．D
【详解】句意：你学得越多，你就会理解得越容易。
easy容易的；easier更容易的；easiest最容易的；more easily更容易。根据“The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…”句型可知，此处表示“越……，就越……”,需用副词比较级。easily的比较级是more easily，所以选D。
59．B
【详解】句意：——你认为哪个城市更大，上海还是广州？——我认为上海更大。
big大的；bigger更大的；the biggest最大的；biggest最大的。根据“Shanghai or Guangzhou”可知，是在两者之间进行比较，应用形容词比较级。
60．B
【详解】句意：药瓶上的说明书写着：如果你服药后感觉更糟了，停止服药并去看医生。
bad坏的（原级）；worse更糟的（比较级）；worst最糟的（最高级）。根据语境中的“after taking it”可知，此处隐含着服药后与服药前身体状况的对比，即如果感觉比之前“更糟”。表示两者（服药前后）状态的比较需使用形容词比较级。worse符合“感觉更不舒服”的逻辑。
61．C
【详解】句意：上海迪士尼乐园是中国最受欢迎的主题公园，每年吸引数百万游客。
popular受欢迎的，原级；more popular更受欢迎的，比较级；the most popular最受欢迎的，最高级；most popular最受欢迎的，最高级。根据已明确的比较范围状语“in China”可知，此处表示在中国所有主题公园中进行比较，应用最高级。“popular”是多音节形容词，最高级为“the most popular”，且最高级前通常需加定冠词。
62．B
【详解】句意：新的高速铁路使两座城市之间的旅行比以前更方便了。
由“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。“convenient”是多音节形容词，其比较级为“more convenient”。应填more convenient。
63．B
【详解】句意：——你觉得这两本小说怎么样？——这本不错，但我认为那本更有意义。情节更动人。
meaningful有意义的；more meaningful更有意义的；the most meaningful最有意义的；most meaningful最有意义的。根据“the two novels”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级。且后句“The plot is more moving”也使用了比较级，符合语境。
64．B
【详解】句意：——新的VR眼镜怎么样？——它们让游戏世界看起来比我想象的更加真实。
very real非常真实；much more real更加真实；the most real最真实；more much real语法错误，无实际意义。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级；“much”可以修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，需放在比较级之前；“real”的比较级形式为“more real”。
65．C
【详解】句意：在所有的中国传统节日中，中秋节是家庭团圆最重要的节日之一。
important重要的（原级）；more important更重要的（比较级）；the most important最重要的（最高级）；most important最高级（缺少定冠词）。根据句首的范围状语“Among all the traditional Chinese festivals”可知，此处是在三个或三个以上的范围内进行比较，需使用最高级形式。表示“最……的之一”需使用固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，且最高级前必须加定冠词the。应选用the most important。
66．C
【详解】句意：睡了一个好觉后，我感觉好多了，准备好迎接新的一天。
well好，副词；good 好的，原级；better 更好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级。空格前的修饰词“much”常用来修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，且语境隐含睡醒后状态比之前好，存在比较含义，应用比较级。故选 C。
67．B
【详解】句意：——这两件连衣裙你更喜欢哪一件，红色的还是蓝色的？——蓝色的。它穿在我身上看起来更好看。
根据第一句句末的“the red one or the blue one”可知，此处是在红、蓝两件连衣裙之间进行对比，属于两者之间的比较。表示两者的偏好需用比较级，故第一空填副词well的比较级better。第二句中，“looks”为系动词，后接形容词作表语；结合语境，此处指蓝色的连衣裙穿起来比红色的“更好看”，需用形容词good的比较级better。
68．B
【详解】句意：这部新手机不如那部旧手机贵。我想买它。
as expensive as和……一样贵；not so expensive as不如……贵；more expensive than比……贵；the most expensive of在……中最贵。根据后半句“I want to buy it”可知，说话者想购买新手机，说明新手机在价格上更有优势。A项表示同级比较，C项表示程度更高，D项为最高级且搭配不当。只有B项表示前者不如后者，即价格更低，符合语境逻辑。
69．B
【详解】句意：你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
hard努力地；great大的；harder更努力；greater更大；hardest最努力；greatest最大。“The+比较级..., the+比较级...”是固定句型，表示“越……，就越……”。“hard”的比较级为“harder”此处作副词修饰动词“work”，“great”的比较级为 “greater”。故选B。
70．C
【详解】句意：他在班里跑得最快。没人能赶上他。
fast快，原级；faster更快，比较级；fastest最快，最高级；the faster表述错误。根据“in his class”可知比较范围是全班，属于三者及以上的比较，应用最高级。应填fastest。
二、
1． to make
【详解】句意：他不确定什么时候应该打电话。原句为when引导的宾语从句，改为同义句可转换为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，空处填make的不定式形式to make。
2． important for
【详解】句意：养成好习惯对我们来说很重要。原句“It’s important for us to form good habits.”使用“It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”结构，转换为动名词短语作主语的句子时，“important”作表语保持不变，用介词“for”引出对象“us”。故填important；for。
3． cut down on
【详解】句意：你应该少看电视。改为同义句，watch less TV=cut down on watching TV“少看电视”，should为情态动词，后接动词原形。
4． Taking is
【详解】句意：培养一种爱好是个好主意。原句s “it is+名词+to do sth.”结构，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。改写后的句子将动词短语take up a hobby变为动名词形式Taking up a hobby作主语，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式is，故填Taking；is。
5． in order to
【详解】句意：他早起是为了赶上早班车。原句中so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了”。改为同义句时，可使用固定搭配 in order to，后接动词原形catch，表达相同的目的含义。故填in；order；to。
6． shouldn’t put any
【详解】句意：丽莎应该在伤口上敷些药。句子为含情态动词should的肯定句，改为否定句需要在情态动词后加not，缩写为shouldn’t，动词使用原形put；同时肯定句中的some在否定句中要变为any。故填shouldn’t；put；any。
7． Should put
【详解】句意：她应该在伤口上敷些药。原句中含有情态动词should，改为一般疑问句时，需要将should提到句首，首字母大写，句中的动词put保持原形不变。故填Should；put。
8． should talk
【详解】句意：为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？改为同义句，应用“should+动词原形”表示建议，意为“应该做某事”。“should”表示“应该”，“talk to your parents”表示“和你的父母谈谈”。故填should；talk。
9． shouldn’t run
【详解】句意：不要闯红灯！原句是祈使句的否定形式，表达“禁止做某事”。同义句可转换为含情态动词shouldn’t的否定句，shouldn’t意为“不应该”，后接动词原形，核心动词run保持不变，与原句禁止闯红灯的含义一致。故填shouldn’t；run。
10． have/need to
【详解】句意：每周进行足够的锻炼是必要的。根据分析句子可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语“we”是第一人称复数，变为同义句，需要用have to或者need to，后跟动词原形作谓语即可，意为“不得不，必须，需要”符合句意。故填have/need；to。
11．Though
【详解】句意：虽然天气很冷，他们还是去游泳了。although和though都可以引导让步状语从句，意思均为“虽然，尽管”，二者大致同义，在很多情况下可以互换使用。原句“Although it was cold, they went swimming.”表达“虽然天气很冷，他们还是去游泳了”，将although换成though后，句子逻辑和语义不变，且符合语法规则。
12． didn’t until
【详解】句意：戴夫昨晚完成作业后才上床睡觉。原句中“after”表示“在……之后”，改为同义句时，可以用“not...until...”结构来表达“直到……才……”，原句是一般过去时，含有实义动词“went”，其否定形式要借助助动词“didn’t”，后接动词原形“go”。
13． went after
【详解】句意：直到我做完作业，我才去睡觉。原句句意是“我直到做完作业才去睡觉”，转换后等于“我做完作业之后再去睡觉”。原句是一般过去时，所以动词go要变成过去式went，第二个空用连词after表示“在……之后”，故填went；after。
14．Although/Though
【详解】句意：DeepSeek既聪明又乐于助人，但我们应该明智地使用它。but“但是” 表达转折逻辑，在英语中，although/though“尽管、虽然”可引导让步状语从句，与原句中but表达的转折含义一致，且although/though不能与but同时出现在一个句子中，符合同义句改写要求，句首首字母需大写。
15． If doesn’t
【详解】句意：没有格林先生的帮助，我们不能按时完成这项工作。“without Mr Green’s help”表达否定条件，即“如果格林先生不帮助我们，我们就不能按时完成这项工作”，if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写；时态为一般现在时，主语为“Mr Green”，需借助助动词doesn’t，后接动词原形help。
16． didn’t until
【详解】句意：他妈妈回家后他就上床睡觉了。改为同义句可表达为“直到他妈妈回来他才去睡觉”，使用not ... until ...结构，表示“直到……才……”，原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词went变为了原形go，否定需借助助动词didn’t，until后接时间状语从句his mother came home。
17． the longest any other river
【详解】句意：中国没有哪条河比长江更长。原句为比较级表示最高级含义，第一句可转换为最高级形式，long的最高级是longest，前面用定冠词the；第二句可用“比较级+than+any other + 单数名词”结构，表示“比其他任何一条河流都长”。
18． less than
【详解】句意：这本书比那本书更有趣。more interesting表示“更有趣”，其反义表达为less interesting，表示“没那么有趣、不如……有趣”，比较级中用than引出比较对象。故填less；than。
19． less helpful than
【详解】句意：这个机器人比那个机器人更有用。原句可表达为那个机器人不如这个有用，less helpful“不太有用”，than“比”。
20． the youngest
【详解】句意：他比班上任何其他学生都年轻。句子中“younger than any other”是关键词，此处为用形容词比较级表示最高级的用法，改为最高级时，可将“younger”转化为最高级“youngest”，且在前加定冠词the。故填the；youngest。
21． less interesting than
【详解】句意：这本书比那本书更有趣。原句中“more interesting”是关键词，且这本书比那本书更有趣，说明那本书不如这本书有趣。根据句子中给出的三个空格，可知要用比较级的否定形式。故填less interesting than。
22． as tall as taller than
【详解】句意：李华是我们班最高的。原句为“the + 形容词最高级 + in + 范围”结构，表示“在某范围内最……”。其同义表达可使用：“no one + as + 形容词原级 + as”结构，意为“没有人和……一样……”；“no one + 形容词比较级 + than”结构，意为“没有人比……更……”。故填as；tall；as；taller；than。
23． the worst
【详解】句意：这条裙子比另外两条都差。原句使用比较级“worse than the other two”表示这条裙子不如另外两条，即这条裙子是三条中最差的。改为同义句，应用最高级结构the worst。故填the；worst。
24． What can do
【详解】句意：我的奶奶能做出非常美味的饺子。划线部分“can make delicious dumplings”是句子的谓语，表示奶奶的能力或动作，需使用疑问词“what”来询问“做什么”，结构为“What can+主语+do”，故填What；can；do。
25． What do
【详解】句意：我早餐吃面包和牛奶。对bread and milk提问，是询问吃什么，用疑问词what，主语you是第二人称，谓语eat是实意动词，因此疑问词后用助动词do，故填What；do。
26． Why do
【详解】句意：我喜欢香蕉，因为它们富含维生素。画线部分“because they are full of vitamins”表示原因，对原因提问应用特殊疑问词Why；原句为一般现在时，主语为“you”，构成疑问句时需借助助动词do。 故填Why；do。
27． What the matter
【详解】句意：我头疼。划线部分为疾病，此处询问对方“怎么了”，英文表达为What is the matter。故填What；the；matter。
28． What could do
【详解】句意：如果你得了流感，你可以去看医生。对划线部分“see the doctor”这一事件进行提问用“What...do ”，位于句首，首字母要大写；原句中的情态动词“could”需放在主语“you”之前，构成疑问句，情态动词“could”后用动词原形do。故填What；could；do。
29． Why should
【详解】句意：我们应该每天刷两次牙来保持牙齿健康。对目的状语提问用疑问词Why，句首单词首字母大写，原句有情态动词should，变疑问句将should提至主语前，可知需填的内容为Why should，故填Why；should。
30． What should
【详解】句意：你应该穿暖和的衣服，以免感冒。画线部分是“should wear warm clothes”，这是一个动作，表达“应该做什么”，所以用特殊疑问词what提问，句首首字母大写，第一空使用What；原句有情态动词should，变疑问句时要把should提到主语之前，第二空填should。故填What；should。

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