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人教八下英语阶段测试 讲解课件
Unit 4 素养能力测评（全国卷）
2026人教版八下英语阶段测试卷
一、 单项选择。（每小题1分，共10分）
（　C　）1. The temperature is 　　　　zero today. We need to wear warm clothes.
A. above B. under C. below D. over
（　A　）2. I 　　　　if it will rain tomorrow. If it doesn’t rain， I’ll go fishing.
A. wonder B. believe C. know D. hope
（　D　）3. It’s very 　　　　to play football on the road. You might get hit by a car.
A. exciting B. relaxing C. interesting D. risky
（　B　）4. After the heavy storm， only a few trees 　　　　in the village.
A. saved B. survived C. developed D. grew
C
A
D
B
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（　A　）5. The little bird fell from the tree， but we found it still 　　　　when we picked it up.
A. alive B. dead C. mad D. awake
（　B　）6. Christopher Columbus is a famous 　　　　who discovered America in 1492.
A. inventor B. explorer C. painter D. musician
A
B
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（　C　）7. The students 　　　　finished the difficult science project with the teacher’s help.
A. unusually B. slowly
C. successfully D. normally
（　D　）8. The school trip will 　　　　visiting the science museum， hiking in the park， and having a picnic by the lake.
A. show B. express C. allow D. include
（　B　）9. We plan to take a trip to the 　　　　part of China this summer. The weather there is cool and suitable for hiking.
A. southern B. northern C. western D. eastern
C
D
B
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（　B　）10. — Could you please tell me some information about the Great Wall， Daming？
— 　　　　I’m busy cooking.
A. Yes， sure. B. Sorry， I can’t.
C. Yes， please. D. No， I couldn’t.
B
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二、 完形填空。（每小题1分，共15分）
Do you know about China’s smallest mountain？ 　1　 is in Shouguang， Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan， the 　2　 mountain in China， and probably in the whole world. This mountain 　3　 about 1.24 metres long and just about 0.7 metres wide. It is only 0.6 metres high 　4　 the ground. With a small 　5　， people can reach the top of the mountain. It 　6　 interesting， doesn’t it？ It may not be the most famous mountain in China， 　7　 it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a 　8　 of the city and one of the most popular places of interest.
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No one knows the 　9　 at which this mountain is embedded（使嵌入） in the ground. The government now 　10　 anyone from digging around it. In fact， in the 1950s， some people tried to dig around it to prove（证明） that it wasn’t a mountain， but 　11　 a rock. They dug for a long time， but they didn’t reach the 　12　. And then people saw it as the smallest mountain in China.
As soon as photos of Jingshan went 　13　 on the Internet， all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by 　14　. Some even joked that during the summer， the high crops（庄稼） would make it 　15　 to find the mountain.
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（　C　）1. A. One B. Itself C. It D. They
（　D　）2. A. highest B. largest C. longest D. smallest
（　A　）3. A. is B. was C. are D. were
（　D　）4. A. over B. under C. below D. above
（　A　）5. A. step B. journey C. break D. risk
（　B　）6. A. feels B. sounds C. looks D. smells
（　C　）7. A. so B. or C. but D. because
（　B　）8. A. guest B. symbol C. member D. hobby
（　A　）9. A. depth B. height C. length D. width
（　C　）10. A. learns B. protects C. stops D. knows
C
D
A
D
A
B
C
B
A
C
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（　D　）11. A. successfully B. differently C. hardly D. simply
（　C　）12. A. middle B. surface C. bottom D. top
（　B　）13. A. safe B. popular C. sweet D. modern
（　B　）14. A. ourselves B. themselves C. himself D. herself
（　A　）15. A. hard B. easy C. amazing D. boring
D
C
B
B
A
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三、 阅读理解。（每小题2分，共20分）
A
　　There are four seasons in a year. Each season lasts about three months. Every season is beautiful in its own way. Let’s have a look！
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Spring In spring， the daytime becomes longer. It gets warmer and sunnier. Lots of plants start to grow. People like having picnics and flying kites in the season. Summer
The hottest season of the year is summer. The sun shines brightly in the sky and the daytime is long. The weather is hot and sunny. So it’s the best time to go to the beach.
Autumn When it comes， the daytime becomes shorter. The leaves begin to fall from the trees， and there are plenty of leaves on the ground. Autumn is the harvest season because this is when most crops are ready to be harvested. Winter
It’s the coldest time of the year. The days are short and the nights are long. Many plants stop growing. It snows in some places. For people， winter is the perfect time to go skiing.
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（　A　）1. What happens when spring comes？
A. Lots of plants start to grow. B. The daytime gets shorter.
C. The ground is full of leaves. D. The weather is hot and sunny.
（　B　）2. Which is the best time to go to the beach？
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
（　C　）3. The passage about winter doesn’t talk about 　　　　in winter.
A. weather B. plants
C. special food D. people’s activity
A
B
C
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（　D　）4. Why is autumn the harvest season？
A. Because it gets a little bit colder.
B. Because people are busy in the other seasons.
C. Because tree leaves begin to fall.
D. Because most crops are ready to be harvested.
（　C　）5. What is the main idea of the material？
A. The length and plants of each season.
B. The different weather of four seasons.
C. The introduction to four seasons.
D. Why autumn is the harvest season.
D
C
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B
Shenzhen is a beautiful and modern city and it’s in the southeast of China. It lies on the coast of the South China Sea.
More than 40 years ago， Shenzhen was just a small town by the sea. There were no tall buildings or busy traffic at that time. In 1978， there were only about 300，000 people， and most of them made a living by farming and fishing.
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Thanks to China’s reform and opening-up policy（改革开放政策）， Shenzhen has changed greatly. Now it’s one of China’s biggest and most important cities. Over 40 years of development， the high-tech industries（高科技产业） have developed fast. Many companies set up their head offices in Shenzhen and many people from all over the country came to Shenzhen to find jobs. They even made their home here. And the population of Shenzhen increased to more than 13，000，000 in 2019.
With the fast development， many problems also appear in the city， especially air pollution. Sea pollution is a main problem too. The good news is that the government and people are trying their best together to improve the situation. When a city develops quickly， we should not forget to protect the environment.
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（　C　）6. （创新考法·写作手法）How does the writer start the passage？
A. By making comparisons. B. By asking a question.
C. By showing some facts. D. By listing some numbers.
（　D　）7. What was the population of Shenzhen in 1978？
A. About three thousand. B. About three million.
C. About three billion. D. About three hundred thousand.
C
D
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（　C　）8. The third paragraph is mainly about 　　　　.
A. China’s reform and opening-up policy
B. the population of Shenzhen now
C. the development of Shenzhen
D. the history of Shenzhen
（　D　）9. （创新考法·组合选择）What are the main pollution problems in Shenzhen now？
① Air pollution. ② Water pollution. ③ Sea pollution. ④ Noise pollution.
A. ①② B. ①④ C. ③④ D. ①③
C
D
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（　A　）10. What might the writer talk about next？
A. How to protect the environment in Shenzhen.
B. How Shenzhen became a big city.
C. Why companies set up head offices in Shenzhen.
D. What to do to make Shenzhen develop faster.
A
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四、 词汇运用。（每小题1分，共5分）
根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词。
1. The teacher carried some school dresses on his 　shoulders　（肩膀） and walked into the classroom.
2. The boy’s pet dog’s 　death　（死亡） made him very sad.
3. Look 　below　（在……下面） the tree—there’s a little cat sleeping on the grass.
4. Harbin is a famous city in n 　orthern　 China， known for its ice festivals.
5. It’s u 　nusual　 to see snow in spring， but this year it happened！
shoulders　
death　
below　
orthern　
nusual　
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五、 补全对话。（每小题2分，共10分）
根据对话内容，从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话（有两个多余选项）。
A. Who are you going with？
B. Have a good time.
C. How high is it？
D. Do you know where it is？
E. Are you going to visit it？
F. What’s the highest tower in the world？
G. And it has a total of more than 160 floors.
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A： Hello， Jane！ Can I ask you some questions？
B： Yes， of course.
A： 1. 　F　
B： The Burj Khalifa Tower is the highest tower in the world.
A： 2. 　C　
B： It’s 828 metres high. 3. 　G　
A： Where does it lie？
B： It lies in Dubai. 4. 　E　
A： Yes， I am going to visit it next month.　B： Great！5. 　B　
A： Thanks a lot.　B： You are welcome.
F　
C　
G　
E　
B　
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六、 语法填空。（每空1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally green leaves turn red， orange， yellow， and finally brown. This is a 1. 　natural　（nature） phenomenon. It is called “leaf phenology（叶片物候）”. However， because of 2. 　changeable　（change） climate， autumn is changing.
According to a study， the season length is 3. 　growing　（grow）， meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
natural　
changeable　
growing　
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“Trees are holding on to their leaves longer，” explained an expert. “In my own neighbourhood， I feel 4. 　curious　（curiosity） when I find that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago 5. 　than　 they do now.”
Climate change isn’t only causing 6. 　the　 leaves to change later. We can also expect later frost（霜） according to Dr Michael. Michael said， “That means pests（害虫） will be active for a longer time in autumn， causing a greater health 7. 　risk　（risky） to human beings.”
curious　
than　
the　
risk　
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However， we may be able to avoid this 8. 　development　（develop）. Michael said that 9. 　if　 humans control their carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）， they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study has 10. 　recently　（recent） shown that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero，” Michael said.
development　
if　
recently　
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七、 （核心素养·文化意识）任务型阅读。（每小题2分，共10分）
李冰和都江堰
About 2，300 years ago， the area around Chengdu had bad floods in spring every year. Flood-water from the mountains flowed（流动） down the Minjiang River and covered the land. Luckily， the Qin governor（太守）， Li Bing， was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to solve the problem.
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The usual way to avoid flooding is to build a wall across the river， called a dam. Special openings in the dam allow the flow of water to be controlled. However， the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river. This was necessary because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing studied the situation and came up with a plan that still works today！
Helped by his son， and tens of thousands of workers from the area， Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was shaped like a fish and it divided the water into an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river. It took about four years to build the island.
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Li Bing also cut a new channel through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate（灌溉） the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was very hard and difficult to cut. Li Bing used fire to heat the rock and then watered it to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took about eight years！
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After Li Bing’s work was finished， there were no more floods， and the Dujiangyan irrigation system（灌溉系统） allowed the farmers to grow more and more food. The river flowed naturally， and because there was no dam， ships and fish could pass freely. Sichuan became a productive area in China， as it still is today. Today， scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
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1. What was Li Bing’s job？ （不超过8个单词）
He， the Qin governor， was a water engineer./He was a governor and water engineer./A water engineer./A governor.
2. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river？ （不超过10个单词）
Because the king needed to send food to his army./To send food to his army.
3. Where did Li Bing build a man-made island？ （不超过6个单词）
In the middle of the river.
4. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel？ （不超过6个单词）
It took him about eight/8 years./About eight/8 years.
He， the Qin governor， was a water engineer./He was a governor and water engineer./A water engineer./A governor.
Because the king needed to send food to his army./To send food to his army.
In the middle of the river.
It took him about eight/8 years./About eight/8 years.
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5. What do you think of the Dujiangyan irrigation system？ （不超过8个单词）
It is a wonderful example of （water） engineering./A wonderful example of engineering./It’s wonderful/great./Wonderful.（言之有理即可）
It is a wonderful example of （water） engineering./A wonderful example of engineering./It’s wonderful/great./Wonderful.（言之有理即可）
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八、 （2024·凉山改编）书面表达。（共15分）
“读万卷书，行万里路。”暑假将至，成都某中学计划组织学生来大美凉山开展研学之旅。假如你是李华，请根据以下内容提示，以“Welcome to Liangshan”为主题，写一篇英语短文，向即将到来的成都同学介绍一下你的家乡凉山。
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　　要求：1.语言表达准确，文章连贯、通顺；2. 文章应包括所给思维导图中的所有提示内容，可适当发挥；3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；4. 词数80左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
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Welcome to Liangshan， a place that you will never want to leave once you come. 　Let me tell you something about it.　
It is in the southwest of China. The weather here is warm. You can wear T-shirts or skirts. People are friendly and kind. There are many places of interest， such as Lushan Mountain， Lugu Lake and so on. You can taste a lot of delicious local food， like tuotuo meat and a barbecue.
One of the most popular festivals is the Torch Festival. You can roast a whole lamb. Also， you can sing and dance happily around the torch.
I hope it will be an unforgettable experience and that all of you can enjoy yourselves in Liangshan.
Let me tell you something about it.
It is in the southwest of China. The weather here is warm. You can wear T-shirts or skirts. People are friendly and kind. There are many places of interest， such as Lushan Mountain， Lugu Lake and so on. You can taste a lot of delicious local food， like tuotuo meat and a barbecue.
One of the most popular festivals is the Torch Festival. You can roast a whole lamb. Also， you can sing and dance happily around the torch.
I hope it will be an unforgettable experience and that all of you can enjoy yourselves in Liangshan.
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Thanks!
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2026人教版八下英语阶段测试卷
Unit 4 素养能力测评（全国卷）
一、 单项选择。（每小题1分，共10分）
（ C ）1. The temperature is zero today. We need to wear warm clothes.
A. above B. under C. below D. over
（ A ）2. I if it will rain tomorrow. If it doesn’t rain ， I’ll go fishing.
A. wonder B. believe C. know D. hope
（ D ）3. It’s very to play football on the road. You might get hit by a car.
A. exciting B. relaxing C. interesting D. risky
（ B ）4. After the heavy storm ， only a few trees in the village.
A. saved B. survived C. developed D. grew
（ A ）5. The little bird fell from the tree ， but we found it still when we picked it up.
A. alive B. dead C. mad D. awake
（ B ）6. Christopher Columbus is a famous who discovered America in 1492.
A. inventor B. explorer C. painter D. musician
（ C ）7. The students finished the difficult science project with the teacher’s help.
A. unusually B. slowly
C. successfully D. normally
（ D ）8. The school trip will visiting the science museum ， hiking in the park ， and having a picnic by the lake.
A. show B. express C. allow D. include （ B ）9. We plan to take a trip to the part of China this summer. The weather there is cool and suitable for hiking.
A. southern B. northern C. western D. eastern
（ B ）10. — Could you please tell me some information about the Great Wall， Daming？
— I’m busy cooking.
A. Yes ， sure. B. Sorry ， I can’t.
C. Yes ， please. D. No ， I couldn’t.
二、 完形填空。（每小题1分，共15分）
Do you know about China’s smallest mountain ？ 1 is in Shouguang ， Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan ， the 2 mountain in China ， and probably in the whole world. This mountain 3 about 1.24 metres long and just about 0.7 metres wide. It is only 0.6 metres high 4 the ground. With a small
5 ， people can reach the top of the mountain. It 6 interesting ， doesn’t it？ It may not be the most famous mountain in China ， 7 it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a 8 of the city and one of the most popular places of interest.
No one knows the 9 at which this mountain is embedded（使嵌入） in the ground. The government now 10 anyone from digging around it. In fact ， in the 1950s ， some people tried to dig around it to prove （证明） that it wasn’t a mountain ， but 11 a rock. They dug for a long time ， but they didn’t reach the
12 . And then people saw it as the smallest mountain in China.
As soon as photos of Jingshan went 13 on the Internet ， all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by 14 . Some even joked that during the summer ， the high crops（庄稼） would make it 15 to find the mountain.
（ C ）1. A. One B. Itself C. It D. They
（ D ）2. A. highest B. largest C. longest D. smallest
（ A ）3. A. is B. was C. are D. were
（ D ）4. A. over B. under C. below D. above
（ A ）5. A. step B. journey C. break D. risk
（ B ）6. A. feels B. sounds C. looks D. smells
（ C ）7. A. so B. or C. but D. because
（ B ）8. A. guest B. symbol C. member D. hobby
（ A ）9. A. depth B. height C. length D. width
（ C ）10. A. learns B. protects C. stops D. knows
( D ) 11. A. successfully B. differently C. hardly D. simply
( C ) 12. A. middle B. surface C. bottom D. top
( B ) 13. A. safe B. popular C. sweet D. modern
( B ) 14. A. ourselves B. themselves C. himself D. herself
( A ) 15. A. hard B. easy C. amazing D. boring
三、 阅读理解。（每小题2分，共20分）
A
There are four seasons in a year. Each season lasts about three months. Every season is beautiful in its own way. Let’s have a look！
Spring In spring ， the daytime becomes longer. It gets warmer and sunnier. Lots of plants start to grow. People like having picnics and flying kites in the season. Summer The hottest season of the year is summer. The sun shines brightly in the sky and the daytime is long. The weather is hot and sunny. So it’s the best time to go to the beach.
Autumn When it comes ， the daytime becomes shorter. The leaves begin to fall from the trees ， and there are plenty of leaves on the ground. Autumn is the harvest season because this is when most crops are ready to be harvested. Winter It’s the coldest time of the year. The days are short and the nights are long. Many plants stop growing . It snow s in some places . For people ， winter is the perfect time to go skiing.
（ A ）1. What happens when spring comes？
A. Lots of plants start to grow. B. The daytime gets shorter.
C. The ground is full of leaves. D. The weather is hot and sunny.
（ B ）2. Which is the best time to go to the beach？
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
（ C ）3. The passage about winter doesn’t talk about in winter.
A. weather B. plants
C. special food D. people’s activity
（ D ）4. Why is autumn the harvest season？
A. Because it gets a little bit colder.
B. Because people are busy in the other seasons.
C. Because tree leaves begin to fall.
D. Because most crops are ready to be harvested.
（ C ）5. What is the main idea of the material？
A. The length and plants of each season.
B. The different weather of four seasons.
C. The introduction to four seasons.
D. Why autumn is the harvest season.
B
Shenzhen is a beautiful and modern city and it’s in the southeast of China. It lies on the coast of the South China Sea.
More than 40 years ago ， Shenzhen was just a small town by the sea. There were no tall buildings or busy traffic at that time. In 1978 ， there were only about 300， 000 people ， and most of them made a living by farming and fishing.
Thanks to China’s reform and opening-up policy（改革开放政策）， Shenzhen has changed greatly. Now it’s one of China’s biggest and most important cities. Over 40 years of development ， the high-tech industries（高科技产业） have developed fast. Many companies set up their head offices in Shenzhen and many people from all over the country came to Shenzhen to find jobs. They even made their home here. And the population of Shenzhen increased to more than 13 ，000 ，000 in 2019.
With the fast development ， many problems also appear in the city ， especially air pollution . Sea pollution is a main problem too . The good news is that the government and people are trying their best together to improve the situation. When a city develops quickly ， we should not forget to protect the environment.
（ C ）6. （创新考法·写作手法）How does the writer start the passage？
A. By making comparisons. B. By asking a question.
C. By showing some facts. D. By listing some numbers.
（ D ）7. What was the population of Shenzhen in 1978？
A. About three thousand. B. About three million.
C. About three billion. D. About three hundred thousand.
（ C ）8. The third paragraph is mainly about .
A. China’s reform and opening-up policy
B. the population of Shenzhen now
C. the development of Shenzhen
D. the history of Shenzhen
（ D ）9. （创新考法·组合选择）What are the main pollution problems in Shenzhen now？
① Air pollution. ② Water pollution. ③ Sea pollution. ④ Noise pollution.
A. ①② B. ①④ C. ③④ D. ①③
（ A ）10. What might the writer talk about next？
A. How to protect the environment in Shenzhen.
B. How Shenzhen became a big city.
C. Why companies set up head offices in Shenzhen.
D. What to do to make Shenzhen develop faster.
四、 词汇运用。（每小题1分，共5分）根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词。
1. The teacher carried some school dresses on his shoulders （肩膀） and walked into the classroom.
2. The boy’s pet dog’s death （死亡） made him very sad.
3. Look below （在 下面） the tree—there’s a little cat sleeping on the grass.
4. Harbin is a famous city in n orthern China ， known for its ice festivals.
5. It’s u nusual to see snow in spring ， but this year it happened！
五、 补全对话。（每小题2分，共10分）
根据对话内容，从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话（有两个多余选项）。
A. Who are you going with？
B. Have a good time.
C. How high is it？
D. Do you know where it is？
E. Are you going to visit it？
F. What’s the highest tower in the world？
G. And it has a total of more than 160 floors.
A： Hello ， Jane！ Can I ask you some questions？
B： Yes ， of course.
A： 1. F
B： The Burj Khalifa Tower is the highest tower in the world.
A： 2. C
B： It’s 828 metres high. 3. G
A： Where does it lie？
B： It lies in Dubai. 4. E
A： Yes ， I am going to visit it next month. B： Great！5. B
A： Thanks a lot. B： You are welcome.
六、 语法填空。（每空1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally green leaves turn red ， orange ， yellow ， and finally brown. This is a 1. natural （nature） phenomenon. It is called “leaf phenology（叶片物候）”. However ， because of2.
changeable（change） climate ， autumn is changing.
According to a study ， the season length is 3 . growing （grow） ， meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
“Trees are holding on to their leaves longer ，” explained an expert. “In my own neighbourhood ， I feel 4. curious （curiosity） when I find that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago 5. than they do now.”
Climate change isn’t only causing 6. the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frost（霜） according to Dr Michael. Michael said ， “That means pests （害虫） will be active for a longer time in autumn ， causing a greater health 7. risk（risky） to human beings.”
However ， we may be able to avoid this 8. development （develop）. Michael said that 9. if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）， they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study has 10.recently（recent） shown that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero ，” Michael said.
七、 （核心素养·文化意识）任务型阅读。（每小题2分，共10分）
李冰和都江堰
About 2 ，300 years ago ， the area around Chengdu had bad floods in spring every year. Flood-water from the mountains flowed（流动） down the Minjiang River and covered the land. Luckily ， the Qin governor（太守）， Li Bing ， was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to solve the problem.
The usual way to avoid flooding is to build a wall across the river ， called a dam. Special openings in the dam allow the flow of water to be controlled. However ， the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river. This was necessary because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing studied the situation and came up with a plan that still works today！
Helped by his son ， and tens of thousands of workers from the area ， Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was shaped like a fish and it divided the water into an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river. It took about four years to build the island.
Li Bing also cut a new channel through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate（灌溉） the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was very hard and difficult to cut. Li Bing used fire to heat the rock and then watered it to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took about eight years！
After Li Bing’s work was finished ， there were no more floods ， and the Dujiangyan irrigation system（灌溉系统） allowed the farmers to grow more and more food. The river flowed naturally ， and because there was no dam ， ships and fish could pass freely. Sichuan became a productive area in China ， as it still is today. Today ， scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. What was Li Bing’s job？ （不超过8个单词）
He ， the Qin governor ， was a water engineer./He was a governor and water engineer./A water engineer./A governor.
2. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river？ （不超过10个单词）
Because the king needed to send food to his army./To send food to his army.
3. Where did Li Bing build a man-made island？ （不超过6个单词）
In the middle of the river.
4. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel？ （不超过6个单词）
It took him about eight/8 years./About eight/8 years.
5. What do you think of the Dujiangyan irrigation system？ （不超过8个单词）
It is a wonderful example of （water） engineering./A wonderful example of engineering./It’s wonderful/great./Wonderful.（言之有理即可）
八、 （2024·凉山改编）书面表达。（共15分）
“ 读万卷书，行万里路。”暑假将至，成都某中学计划组织学生来大美凉山开展研 学之旅 。假如你是李华 ，请根据 以下 内容提 示 ， 以 “ Welcom e to Liangshan” 为主题，写一篇英语短文，向即将到来的成都同学介绍一下你的家乡凉山。
要求：1.语言表达准确，文章连贯、通顺；2. 文章应包括所给思维导图中的所有提示内容，可适当发挥；3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息 ；4. 词数80左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Welcome to Liangshan ， a place that you will never want to leave once you come. Let me tell you something about it.
It is in the southwest of China. The weather here is warm. You can wear T- shirts or skirts. People are friendly and kind. There are many places of interest， such as Lushan Mountain ， Lugu Lake and so on. You can taste a lot of delicious local food ， like tuotuo meat and a barbecue.
One of the most popular festivals is the Torch Festival. You can roast a whole lamb. Also ， you can sing and dance happily around the torch.
I hope it will be an unforgettable experience and that all of you can enjoy yourselves in Liangshan.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
2026人教版八下英语阶段测试卷
Unit 4 素养能力测评（全国卷）
一、 单项选择。（每小题1分，共10分）
（ C ）1. The temperature is zero today. We need to wear warm clothes.
A. above B. under C. below D. over
（ A ）2. I if it will rain tomorrow. If it doesn’t rain ， I’ll go fishing.
A. wonder B. believe C. know D. hope
（ D ）3. It’s very to play football on the road. You might get hit by a car.
A. exciting B. relaxing C. interesting D. risky
（ B ）4. After the heavy storm ， only a few trees in the village.
A. saved B. survived C. developed D. grew
（ A ）5. The little bird fell from the tree ， but we found it still when we picked it up.
A. alive B. dead C. mad D. awake
（ B ）6. Christopher Columbus is a famous who discovered America in 1492.
A. inventor B. explorer C. painter D. musician
（ C ）7. The students finished the difficult science project with the teacher’s help.
A. unusually B. slowly
C. successfully D. normally
（ D ）8. The school trip will visiting the science museum ， hiking in the park ， and having a picnic by the lake.
A. show B. express C. allow D. include （ B ）9. We plan to take a trip to the part of China this summer. The weather there is cool and suitable for hiking.
A. southern B. northern C. western D. eastern
（ B ）10. — Could you please tell me some information about the Great Wall， Daming？
— I’m busy cooking.
A. Yes ， sure. B. Sorry ， I can’t.
C. Yes ， please. D. No ， I couldn’t.
二、 完形填空。（每小题1分，共15分）
Do you know about China’s smallest mountain ？ 1 is in Shouguang ， Shandong Province. There you will find Jingshan ， the 2 mountain in China ， and probably in the whole world. This mountain 3 about 1.24 metres long and just about 0.7 metres wide. It is only 0.6 metres high 4 the ground. With a small
5 ， people can reach the top of the mountain. It 6 interesting ， doesn’t it？ It may not be the most famous mountain in China ， 7 it’s the only mountain in Shouguang. It’s a 8 of the city and one of the most popular places of interest.
No one knows the 9 at which this mountain is embedded（使嵌入） in the ground. The government now 10 anyone from digging around it. In fact ， in the 1950s ， some people tried to dig around it to prove （证明） that it wasn’t a mountain ， but 11 a rock. They dug for a long time ， but they didn’t reach the
12 . And then people saw it as the smallest mountain in China.
As soon as photos of Jingshan went 13 on the Internet ， all kinds of opinions appeared online. Some said that they would like to visit the cute mountain by 14 . Some even joked that during the summer ， the high crops（庄稼） would make it 15 to find the mountain.
（ C ）1. A. One B. Itself C. It D. They
（ D ）2. A. highest B. largest C. longest D. smallest
（ A ）3. A. is B. was C. are D. were
（ D ）4. A. over B. under C. below D. above
（ A ）5. A. step B. journey C. break D. risk
（ B ）6. A. feels B. sounds C. looks D. smells
（ C ）7. A. so B. or C. but D. because
（ B ）8. A. guest B. symbol C. member D. hobby
（ A ）9. A. depth B. height C. length D. width
（ C ）10. A. learns B. protects C. stops D. knows
( D ) 11. A. successfully B. differently C. hardly D. simply
( C ) 12. A. middle B. surface C. bottom D. top
( B ) 13. A. safe B. popular C. sweet D. modern
( B ) 14. A. ourselves B. themselves C. himself D. herself
( A ) 15. A. hard B. easy C. amazing D. boring
三、 阅读理解。（每小题2分，共20分）
A
There are four seasons in a year. Each season lasts about three months. Every season is beautiful in its own way. Let’s have a look！
Spring In spring ， the daytime becomes longer. It gets warmer and sunnier. Lots of plants start to grow. People like having picnics and flying kites in the season. Summer The hottest season of the year is summer. The sun shines brightly in the sky and the daytime is long. The weather is hot and sunny. So it’s the best time to go to the beach.
Autumn When it comes ， the daytime becomes shorter. The leaves begin to fall from the trees ， and there are plenty of leaves on the ground. Autumn is the harvest season because this is when most crops are ready to be harvested. Winter It’s the coldest time of the year. The days are short and the nights are long. Many plants stop growing . It snow s in some places . For people ， winter is the perfect time to go skiing.
（ A ）1. What happens when spring comes？
A. Lots of plants start to grow. B. The daytime gets shorter.
C. The ground is full of leaves. D. The weather is hot and sunny.
（ B ）2. Which is the best time to go to the beach？
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter.
（ C ）3. The passage about winter doesn’t talk about in winter.
A. weather B. plants
C. special food D. people’s activity
（ D ）4. Why is autumn the harvest season？
A. Because it gets a little bit colder.
B. Because people are busy in the other seasons.
C. Because tree leaves begin to fall.
D. Because most crops are ready to be harvested.
（ C ）5. What is the main idea of the material？
A. The length and plants of each season.
B. The different weather of four seasons.
C. The introduction to four seasons.
D. Why autumn is the harvest season.
B
Shenzhen is a beautiful and modern city and it’s in the southeast of China. It lies on the coast of the South China Sea.
More than 40 years ago ， Shenzhen was just a small town by the sea. There were no tall buildings or busy traffic at that time. In 1978 ， there were only about 300， 000 people ， and most of them made a living by farming and fishing.
Thanks to China’s reform and opening-up policy（改革开放政策）， Shenzhen has changed greatly. Now it’s one of China’s biggest and most important cities. Over 40 years of development ， the high-tech industries（高科技产业） have developed fast. Many companies set up their head offices in Shenzhen and many people from all over the country came to Shenzhen to find jobs. They even made their home here. And the population of Shenzhen increased to more than 13 ，000 ，000 in 2019.
With the fast development ， many problems also appear in the city ， especially air pollution . Sea pollution is a main problem too . The good news is that the government and people are trying their best together to improve the situation. When a city develops quickly ， we should not forget to protect the environment.
（ C ）6. （创新考法·写作手法）How does the writer start the passage？
A. By making comparisons. B. By asking a question.
C. By showing some facts. D. By listing some numbers.
（ D ）7. What was the population of Shenzhen in 1978？
A. About three thousand. B. About three million.
C. About three billion. D. About three hundred thousand.
（ C ）8. The third paragraph is mainly about .
A. China’s reform and opening-up policy
B. the population of Shenzhen now
C. the development of Shenzhen
D. the history of Shenzhen
（ D ）9. （创新考法·组合选择）What are the main pollution problems in Shenzhen now？
① Air pollution. ② Water pollution. ③ Sea pollution. ④ Noise pollution.
A. ①② B. ①④ C. ③④ D. ①③
（ A ）10. What might the writer talk about next？
A. How to protect the environment in Shenzhen.
B. How Shenzhen became a big city.
C. Why companies set up head offices in Shenzhen.
D. What to do to make Shenzhen develop faster.
四、 词汇运用。（每小题1分，共5分）根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词。
1. The teacher carried some school dresses on his shoulders （肩膀） and walked into the classroom.
2. The boy’s pet dog’s death （死亡） made him very sad.
3. Look below （在 下面） the tree—there’s a little cat sleeping on the grass.
4. Harbin is a famous city in n orthern China ， known for its ice festivals.
5. It’s u nusual to see snow in spring ， but this year it happened！
五、 补全对话。（每小题2分，共10分）
根据对话内容，从下面方框中选出适当的选项补全对话（有两个多余选项）。
A. Who are you going with？
B. Have a good time.
C. How high is it？
D. Do you know where it is？
E. Are you going to visit it？
F. What’s the highest tower in the world？
G. And it has a total of more than 160 floors.
A： Hello ， Jane！ Can I ask you some questions？
B： Yes ， of course.
A： 1. F
B： The Burj Khalifa Tower is the highest tower in the world.
A： 2. C
B： It’s 828 metres high. 3. G
A： Where does it lie？
B： It lies in Dubai. 4. E
A： Yes ， I am going to visit it next month. B： Great！5. B
A： Thanks a lot. B： You are welcome.
六、 语法填空。（每空1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally green leaves turn red ， orange ， yellow ， and finally brown. This is a 1. natural （nature） phenomenon. It is called “leaf phenology（叶片物候）”. However ， because of2.
changeable（change） climate ， autumn is changing.
According to a study ， the season length is 3 . growing （grow） ， meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
“Trees are holding on to their leaves longer ，” explained an expert. “In my own neighbourhood ， I feel 4. curious （curiosity） when I find that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago 5. than they do now.”
Climate change isn’t only causing 6. the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frost（霜） according to Dr Michael. Michael said ， “That means pests （害虫） will be active for a longer time in autumn ， causing a greater health 7. risk（risky） to human beings.”
However ， we may be able to avoid this 8. development （develop）. Michael said that 9. if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）， they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study has 10.recently（recent） shown that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero ，” Michael said.
七、 （核心素养·文化意识）任务型阅读。（每小题2分，共10分）
李冰和都江堰
About 2 ，300 years ago ， the area around Chengdu had bad floods in spring every year. Flood-water from the mountains flowed（流动） down the Minjiang River and covered the land. Luckily ， the Qin governor（太守）， Li Bing ， was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to solve the problem.
The usual way to avoid flooding is to build a wall across the river ， called a dam. Special openings in the dam allow the flow of water to be controlled. However ， the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river. This was necessary because the king needed to send food to his army. So Li Bing studied the situation and came up with a plan that still works today！
Helped by his son ， and tens of thousands of workers from the area ， Li Bing built a man-made island in the middle of the river. This island was shaped like a fish and it divided the water into an inner river and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river. It took about four years to build the island.
Li Bing also cut a new channel through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate（灌溉） the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was very hard and difficult to cut. Li Bing used fire to heat the rock and then watered it to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took about eight years！
After Li Bing’s work was finished ， there were no more floods ， and the Dujiangyan irrigation system（灌溉系统） allowed the farmers to grow more and more food. The river flowed naturally ， and because there was no dam ， ships and fish could pass freely. Sichuan became a productive area in China ， as it still is today. Today ， scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. What was Li Bing’s job？ （不超过8个单词）
He ， the Qin governor ， was a water engineer./He was a governor and water engineer./A water engineer./A governor.
2. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still use the river？ （不超过10个单词）
Because the king needed to send food to his army./To send food to his army.
3. Where did Li Bing build a man-made island？ （不超过6个单词）
In the middle of the river.
4. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel？ （不超过6个单词）
It took him about eight/8 years./About eight/8 years.
5. What do you think of the Dujiangyan irrigation system？ （不超过8个单词）
It is a wonderful example of （water） engineering./A wonderful example of engineering./It’s wonderful/great./Wonderful.（言之有理即可）
八、 （2024·凉山改编）书面表达。（共15分）
“ 读万卷书，行万里路。”暑假将至，成都某中学计划组织学生来大美凉山开展研 学之旅 。假如你是李华 ，请根据 以下 内容提 示 ， 以 “ Welcom e to Liangshan” 为主题，写一篇英语短文，向即将到来的成都同学介绍一下你的家乡凉山。
要求：1.语言表达准确，文章连贯、通顺；2. 文章应包括所给思维导图中的所有提示内容，可适当发挥；3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息 ；4. 词数80左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Welcome to Liangshan ， a place that you will never want to leave once you come. Let me tell you something about it.
It is in the southwest of China. The weather here is warm. You can wear T- shirts or skirts. People are friendly and kind. There are many places of interest， such as Lushan Mountain ， Lugu Lake and so on. You can taste a lot of delicious local food ， like tuotuo meat and a barbecue.
One of the most popular festivals is the Torch Festival. You can roast a whole lamb. Also ， you can sing and dance happily around the torch.
I hope it will be an unforgettable experience and that all of you can enjoy yourselves in Liangshan.
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