资源简介

Unit 1 Past and present
一、阅读理解，本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。
The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. The Hutuo River is famous for its rich history and cultural meaning. It has been important for transportation （交通） for centuries and has played an important part in the development of the area. The river has also been the subject of many poems and works of art in history.
However, about 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner.
Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up.
To remediate （治理） the river, the government has done a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees （防洪堤）. They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They build up fences （防护栏） and put up "No Swimming" signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition.
Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again.
The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen.
1.How does the writer introduce the subject in Paragraph 1
A. By giving examples. B. By giving facts.
C. By asking questions. D. By quoting （引用） a famous poem.
2.What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child
A. Boating. B. Swimming. C. Planting trees. D. Catching fish.
3.What do we know about today’s Hutuo River
A. Many birds live around it. B. Factories get water from it.
C. It’s still in bad condition. D. Villagers can have fun swimming in it.
4.What does "keep an eye on" mean in Paragraph 4
A. see off B. watch over C. find out D. look for
5.Which question does Paragraph 4 mainly answer
A. How does the river look now
B. When do people green the riverside
C. Why is the river important
D. What actions has the government taken
二、完形填空，本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A boy guarded the barrels （木桶） in his father's winery （葡萄酒厂）.Every morning, his father gave him a 6 of brushing the barrels and putting them in order, but the wind blew the barrels here and there overnight.
The boy was so 7 that he wrote a letter to the wind, “Please don't blow down my barrels.” After seeing that, his father asked the boy with a smile, “Can the wind read your 8 ” The little boy said, “I don't know. I have no 9 but to make this request （请求）.”
The next morning, when the little boy ran to 10 the barrels, he found that the barrels were blown here and there again. The little boy felt very unhappy and cried. His father came and said 11 , “Son, don't be sad. We may have no way to deal with the 12 , but we may have ways for you, so we can have our own ways to 13 the wind.” Then the little boy 14 his tears and thought over and over. Finally, he thought of an idea. He filled the 15 barrels with water. After that, he went home worriedly.
The third morning, the little boy 16 his clothes in a hurry and ran out. He was 17 to find the barrels were placed in good order. The little boy smiled happily and told his father, “It's a very 18 way, that is, to make the barrels heavier.” The little boy's father smiled and 19 his head.
We can't change many things in the world, but we can change ourselves. To add the 20 to you is a good way not to be knocked over.
6. A. promise B. task C. warning D. method
7. A. cheerful B. shy C. satisfied D. angry
8. A. letter B. notice C. story D. poster
9. A. time B. purpose C. choice D. doubt
10. A. paint B. blow C. check D. repair
11. A. strictly B. kindly C. wildly D. nervously
12. A. wind B. brush C. factory D. cloud
13. A. invite B. accept C. encourage D. beat
14. A. believed B. dried C. collected D. tasted
15. A. empty B. full C. useless D. special
16. A. took off B. put on C. paid for D. sold out
17. A. worried B. interested C. excited D. bored
18. A. simple B. foolish C. strange D. dangerous
19. A. controlled B. nodded C. hid D. covered
20. A. water B. clothes C. height D. weight
三、七选五：根据上下文补全对话，20分。
21.Courtney Carver lives in Utah, the United States. In 2010, she felt really tired. ① _______________
"I worked too hard. I spent too much. And I slept too little," she wrote on her website.
"I always wanted more because I thought I would be happy with more. I spent much of my life feeling worried and unhealthy." ② _______________ She began to live simply. She sold many of her things and she gave away other things. She became a minimalist （简约主义者）. She said she had never felt better. ③ _____________ It teaches people how to live a better life with fewer things.
Minimalism is the idea that people are happier living with fewer things. It helps people get away from the things they do not need, so that they can think carefully about what is important. ④ _______________ The problem is that we give too much meaning to our things. We often forget our health or relationship. We forget about keeping on learning.
What do you think of minimalism ⑤ _______________ You can visit Carver's website to learn more.
A. She was trying to do too much. B. Do you want to be a minimalist C. Then Carver decided to change her life. D. There is nothing wrong with having things. E. Helping others can make us live a happier life. F. She started a website called Be More with Less. G. Try to speak loud enough so people can hear you clearly.
四、书面表达，30分。
22.随着中国免签政策的实施，许多外国友人来到你的家乡旅游，他们震惊于中国科技飞速发展给生活带来的巨大变化。请根据下图用英语向他们介绍科技如何改变我们的生活和学习。
How technology has changed our lives Lifestyle ·Transport: bicycle/bus → electric car/self-driving car
Study ·Reading paper book→e-book; AI
Feelings ·In the past, ·Now,
注意：1.词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.内容须包括上图中的要点，省略号部分自拟，并适当发挥。
How technology has changed our lives
Over the past few years, technology has greatly changed our lives, especially in lifestyle and study.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.答案：B
解析：通读第一段可知，此段介绍了滹沱河的历史、文化意义、交通作用等，由此可知作者通过列举事实引入主题。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：根据文章第三段“I liked catching fish best”可知，Wu Wenzhong小时候最喜欢的活动是抓鱼。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：根据文章第五段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river.”可知，如今的滹沱河周围有许多鸟类栖息。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：根据文章第四段“They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby.”可知，他们监视着这条河流，以确保它能保持清澈，从而为鱼儿、鸟类以及附近居民提供良好的生存环境，“keep an eye on”意为“监视、照看”，与“watch over”同义。故选B。
5.答案：D
解析：根据文章第四段“To remediate the river, the government has done a lot of things...”可知，本段主要回答“政府采取了哪些行动治理河流”。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析：根据下文brushing the barrels and putting them in order并结合选项可知选B项。
7.答案：D
解析：根据上文but the wind blew the barrels here and there overnight可知，男孩摆放整齐的木桶被风吹得到处都是，男孩应是生气的。故选D项。
8.答案：A
解析：根据上文he wrote a letter to the wind可知，父亲是在问男孩风能否读懂他写的信。故选A项。
9.答案：C
解析：短语have no choice but to do sth意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C项。
10.答案：C
解析：根据下文he found that the barrels were blown here and there again可知，男孩是跑着去检查木桶。故选C项。
11.答案：B
解析：根据下文“Son, don't be sad.”可知，父亲是在安慰男孩，所以应是和蔼地。故选B项。
12.答案：A
解析：根据上文木桶被风吹得到处都是可推出，此处是指没办法对付风。故选A项。
13.答案：D
解析：根据下文 to find the barrels were placed in good order 可知，此处是指战胜风。故选D项。
14.答案：B
解析：根据下文 thought over and over 以及语境可知，此处是指擦干眼泪。故选B项。
15.答案：A
解析：根据上文 filled 和下文 with water 可知，此处是指把空桶装满水。故选A项。
16.答案：B
解析：根据下文 his clothes in a hurry and ran out 可知，此处是指穿上衣服就跑去看木桶。故选B项。
17.答案：C
解析：根据下文 to find the barrels were placed in good order 可知，木桶没有被风吹得到处都是，因此男孩很兴奋。故选C项。
18.答案：A
解析：根据下文 to make the barrels heavier 及上文可知，让木桶变重是个简单的方法。故选A项。
19.答案：B
解析：根据上文可知，男孩想的办法成功战胜了风，父亲感到欣慰，应是微笑着点头。故选B项。
20.答案：D
解析：根据下文 not to be knocked over 并结合上文可知，可以通过增加自己的重量来不被击倒。故选D项。
21.答案：A ；C ；F； D； B
解析：①根据上文“Courtney Carver lives in Utah, the United States. In 2010, she felt really tired.”可知，此处是在介绍考特妮·卡弗的情况，结合选项可知选A项。
②根据下文“She began to live simply.”并结合选项可知，此处应表示“然后卡弗决定改变她的生活”。故选C项。
③根据下文“It teaches people how to live a better life with fewer things.”可知，设空处应提出某个能教人们过更好的生活的东西，F项承接下文，其中的website与下文的It相呼应。故选F项。
④根据下文“The problem is that we give too much meaning to our things.”可知，此处应与“我们”拥有的东西有关，D项符合语境。
⑤根据上文“What do you think of minimalism？”并结合选项可知，此处应表示“你想成为一个简约主义者吗？”，故选B项。
22.答案：How technology has changed our lives
Over the past few years, technology has greatly changed our lives, especially in lifestyle and study.
In terms of lifestyle, transports have transformed a lot. We used to ride bicycles or take buses, but now electric cars and self-driving cars are more common.
When it comes to study, reading habits are different. Instead of only reading paper books, we can easily read e-books. We can get answers and learn new knowledge more quickly with the help of AI tools.
In the past, we felt that getting information and communicating were not as easy. Now, technology makes us feel more connected. We can share our lives and ideas instantly. Technology really brings us a better life.
解析：[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时；
③提示：围绕“科技对生活的改变”展开，从生活方式和学习两方面切入，对比过去与现在的差异，点明科技让信息获取和沟通更便捷，带来了更好的生活，不要遗漏表格中的任何信息。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明核心观点—过去几年间，科技极大地改变了我们的生活，尤其体现在生活方式和学习两个方面；
第二步，从生活方式角度展开：交通出行发生了巨大转变，过去人们常骑自行车或坐公交车，如今电动汽车和自动驾驶汽车愈发普及；
第三步，从学习角度展开：阅读习惯随之改变，人们不再局限于纸质书，还能便捷阅读电子书，并且借助AI工具能更快获取答案、学习新知识；
第四步，总结全文，对比过去获取信息和沟通的不便，指出科技让人们的联系更加紧密，能够即时分享生活与想法，强调科技切实带来了更美好的生活。
[亮点词汇]
①transform使改观，使转变
②instantly立即，马上
③be connected保持联系
[高分句型]
①Over the past few years, technology has greatly changed our lives, especially in lifestyle and study.（现在完成时体现科技变化的持续性）
②We used to ride bicycles or take buses, but now electric cars and self-driving cars are more common.（used to do结构与now形成对比）

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