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八年级下单元同步教学内容T(U4 The Wonders of Nature)C(adj./adv.比较级&最高级)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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同步
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八年级下
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
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同步知识梳理
)（大脑放电影~） 八下Unit 4基础知识梳理 类别课标考点要求词 汇 攻 关1.____________ n.奇观，惊叹 v.琢磨，想知道，感到诧异→_____________ adj.精彩的，绝妙的 2. _____________ n.沙漠，荒原 3. _____________ n.数量，测量→_____________ v.测量 n.措施→measurable adj.可测量的 4. ____________ prep.&adv.在.....下面(不接触)，低于→(反)_____________ prep.&adv.在...上面(不接触)，高于 5. ___________ n.高度，水平，程度→________ _____________ 海平面 6. ____________ n.表面，表层→_______ the surface of... 在...的表面 7. _____________ n.深度，纵深→__________ adj.深的→_____________ adv.深深地 8. _____________ v.&n.潜水，跳水，俯冲→diver n.潜水员，跳水者→go _____________ 去潜水 9. _____________ n.潜水艇 10. ____________ adj.特别的，不寻常的→usual adj.通常的→_____________ adv.通常→______ unusual thing 一件不同寻常的事→______ usual 像往常一样 11. ___________ n.底部，最下部→______ the bottom of... 在...的底部 12. _____________ n.瀑布 13. _____________ n.文明→civilize v.教化，使开化 14. _______________ n.发展，壮大→_____________ v.发展→_____________ adj.发展中的→_____________ adj.发达的 15. _____________ adj.立方的→cube n.立方体→_____________ meter 立方米 16. ___________ n.英里 17. ___________ n.池塘，水坑 18. _____________ n.攀登者，登山者→___________ v.爬，攀登 19. _____________ adj.北部的，向北的→__________ n.北方 20. _____________ n.距离→_____________ adj.遥远的 21. _____________ v.生存，存活，艰难度过→_____________ n.幸存者→_____________ n.生存，幸存 22. ______________ n.环境，条件，状态 23. ______________ n.度，度数，程度，学位 24. _____________ n.悬崖，峭壁→pl.________ 25. _______________ adj.可能变化的，易变的，常变的→___________ v./n.改变，变化 26. _____________ n.死亡，毁灭，破灭→______ v.死→_____________ adj.死的→_____________ adj.快死的 27. _____________ adj.有决心的，坚决的→determine v.决定→_____________ n.决心，决定→determine ___________ sth.=be determined ___________ sth. 决定做某事 28. ____________ prep.&adv.在(......)上方(不接触)；高于→(反)_____________ prep.&adv.在(.....)下面；低于 29. _____________ n.同队队友，队友 30. _____________ n.肩膀，肩部(可数)→shoulder to shoulder _____________ 31. _____________ n.梯子，阶梯，途径32. _____________ v.测量，量度为 n.措施，度量单位→_____________ n.测量，数量→take measures _____________ sth. 采取措施做某事 33. _______________ adv.成功地，顺利地→_______________ adj.成功的→_____________ n.成功，成功的人或事→____________ v.成功→succeed ________ ___________ sth. 成功地做某事 34. _________ v.使...冒风险(或面临危险) n.危险，风险→_____________ adj.有风险的→take a risk __________ sth.=take _______ to do sth. 冒险做某事→risk _________ sth. 冒险做某事 35. ______________ n.好奇心，求知欲→_____________ adj.好奇的→_____________ adv.好奇地 36. _____________ n.追求的目标，野心，雄心→_____________ adj.有抱负的，野心勃勃的 37. ____________ n.探险者，勘探者→_____________ v.探索 38. _____________ adv.仅仅，只，简单地→______________ adj.简单的 39. ____________ adj.有风险的→_____________ v.冒险 n.风险 40. _______________ adj.南部的，向南的→___________ n.南方 41. _____________ adj.位于，坐落在→locate v.确定...的位置→_____________ n.位置→be___________ in... 位于.... 42. _____________ adj.淡水的，淡水中生长的 43. _____________ n.类型，种类 v.打字 44. _____________ v.吸引，招引→attraction n.吸引，有吸引力的事物→attracted adj.被吸引的→attractive adj.有吸引力的 45. _____________ adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→_____________ adv.好奇地→_____________ n.好奇 46. _____________ n.旅行者，游客→____________ v./n.旅行→travel _________ the world=travel all _________ the world 环游世界 47. ____________ adj.自然的，天然的，天生的→_____________ n.自然 48. _____________ n.礁，礁脉 49. _____________ adj.水下的，用于水下的 adv.在水下 50. _____________ adj.东北的，东北方向的→northeast n.东北方 51. _____________ n.海岸，海滨 52. _____________ n.珊瑚，珊瑚虫 53. _____________ v.包含，包括→_____________ prep.包含，包括 54.____________ n.沙子 55. ____________ adj.活着的，在世的，有活力→live v.居住 56. _____________ n.结构(体)；构造；体系 57. _____________ n.海龟，鬼 58. _____________ n.一生，终身→________ one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中短 语 归 纳_____________ kilometer/kilometre 平方千米 ________ all costs 不惜任何代价 _____________ meter 立方米 bit _______ bit 一点一点地，逐渐地 connect _____________ nature 和自然联系 be amazing ________ nature 对自然感到惊叹 ________ the world 在世界上 ________ earth 在地球上，究竟 ________ the ocean 在海洋里 __________ sea __________ 在海平面以下 9000,000 square kilometers ______ size 尺寸为9000,000平方千米 the _____________ sea 深海 the _____________ of nature 自然界的奇迹 dive _________ 潜入；跳入；全身心投入 the _____________ of the sea 海底 be important _____________ 对......重要 the ___________ river 最长的河 _____________ the way 顺便说一下 learn _____________ 了解；学习 both..________..… 既......又...；两者都 the _____________ of .....的发展 ancient _____________ 古代文明 would like _____________ 想知道 as well _______ 和；也；除……之外 one of ____________ ____________ 其中一个最伟大的奇迹 pour _____________ 倾泻；流下 go _____________ 继续；进行 louder ________ louder 越来越响 ______ the top of 在.....顶部 between..._______... 在...和...之间(两者) _____________ the top 到达顶部 feel _____________ 感觉像；想要 be able ________ 能够 deal _________ 处理；应对 fall _______ -30 degrees 降至零下30度 _____________ air 稀薄的空气 37. high _____________ 高耸的悬崖 38. _____________ weather 多变的天气 39. be determined _________ sth. 决定做某事 40. arrive ________ 到达+小地点 41. _____________ sea level 海平面以上 42. ______...________... 如此....以至于....43. allow sb. ________ sth. 允许某人做某事 44. ______ sb’s _____________ 在某人的肩膀上 45. pull sb. _____________ 把某人往上拉 46. make _______ past the second step 成功通过第二台阶 47. _____________ the first time 第一次 48. do _____________ 做研究 49. bring sth. ________.... 把某物带到..….… 50. use sth. __________ sth. 使用某物做某事 51. much _____________ 快得多 52. ______ sb. put(s) ______ 正如某人所说 53. how _____________ 多远 54. how _____________ 多久一次 55. start __________/________ sth. 开始做某事 56. located _________ 位于（大地点/内部） 57. located _________ 位于（表面/上面） 57. _________..._______... 从...到... 58. different _____________s of 不同类型的 59. after _____________ 毕竟，终究 60. take ________ 占据；开始从事 61. coral reef _____________ 62. the dream ________ a lifetime一生的梦想 63. ride______ bike _______ horse骑自行车或马 64. the _____________ of earth 地球之肺 65. the large variety ________ 种类繁多的 66. give ______ report 做报告 67. pay attention_________ 注意；关注 68. make comparisons _____________ 69. talk __________ sth.谈论；讨论某事 70. make _____________ 取得成就 71. a _____________ experience 一段奇妙的经历 72. _____________ abilities 不同寻常的能力 73. risk one’s life _____________ sth. 冒着某人的生命危险去做某事 74. a _____________ mind 坚强的意志 75. only if _____________ 76. as quickly as sb. _____________ 尽可能快=as quickly as _____________ 77. right _____________ our eyes就在眼前 78. each _____________ 每秒重 点 句 型Is that ___________________________ in China 那是中国最长的河吗 It travels ______________________ and is about 6300 kilometers long. 它(长江)流的最远，大约六千三百千米。 __________________, do you know why it's ___________ the Yellow River 顺便说一下，你知道它为什么叫黄河吗？ ___________ the Nile _______ the Yellow River _______________________________. 尼罗河和黄河都帮助古代文明发展。 ____________________ human curiosity and ambition cannot be shopped.这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心无法被抑制。 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is ____________________________________ of the world. 对大部分人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。 People said it was ________________________ even birds could not reach it. 人们说那高度太高了，连鸟儿也无法到达那里。
八下 Unit 4重要知识解析 考点1：The Wonders of Nature! 自然奇观 【名师解析】wonder / w nd (r)/ n.奇观；惊叹 v.琢磨；想知道；感到诧异→_______________ adj.精彩的，绝妙的 【用法总结】☆名词用法：n.[C] 奇观；奇迹 ①It’s no wonder that...=No wonder that... 难怪.....; .....不足为奇 ②It’s a wonder that... 奇怪的是.../令人惊讶的是..... ③work/do wonders 创造奇迹；产生良好的效果 ④the Seven Wonders of the World ____________________ ⑤in wonder 惊奇地 Eg. The Grand Canyon is one of the natural wonders of the world. 科罗拉多大峡谷是世界自然奇观之一。 △动词1用法：v.琢磨；想知道（相当于 want to know） ①wonder who/what/when/if/whether等引导的宾语从句 ②wonder+疑问词+动词不定式___________ Eg. If you study physics, you wonder why light travels faster than sound. 如果你学习物理，你会想知道为什么光比声音传播速度快。 △动词2用法：v.感到诧异 wonder at sth. 对某事感到诧异 Eg. I wondered at her beautiful singing.她优美的歌声让我惊讶。 【考点抢测】1. The pyramids in Egypt are one of the most famous ___________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 2. I _________ (wonder) if you could help me solve this math problem just now. 3. We looked at the beautiful sunset in __________ (wonder). 4. He wondered _________ the sky turned red suddenly, so he asked his teacher for the answer. 5. It is such a ____________(wonder) performance that we don’t want to leave after __________(see) it. 6. If you wonder how ___________(solve) the problem, you can connect _______ me at any time. 考点2：amazing nature: 神奇的大自然 【认一认】There are many amazing places in the world. Do you know them ______________ ______________ ______________ / /the ___________ point in the oceanthe ___________ place on earthabout 11,000 meters deep416 metres below sea level ______________ ______________ ______________the ___________ mountain in the world the _____________ desert in the world the ___________ river in the world 8848.86 meters highabout 9000,000 square kilometers ________ size6671 kilometers long
考点3：about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size. 面积约 900 万平方千米 【名师解析1】square n.广场；正方形；平方 adj.正方形的；平方的 →square kilometer 平方千米；square metre/mile 平方米 / 英里 【名师解析2】______ size 在尺寸上；在大小方面，考查：“主语+be+数值+单位+in+对应名词”结构。 【拓展】长、宽、高、深、面积的表达方法： Eg. 300 square kilometers in size=have/cover an area of 300 square kilometers 【拓展延伸】作定语时用合成词“数词-单位词单数–形容词”。 Eg. This 20-meter-long rope isn’t long enough to help climb the mountain. 【填空&翻译】 ①我们的工厂占地5平方千米。 Our factory covers an area of five___________________. ②请在纸上画一个正方形。 Please draw __________ on the paper. ③The park is 10,000 square meters _________ size. 考点4：Learn to read numbers.学会读数字 【名师解析】在英语中，对于万以上的数字，我们该如何表达呢？这就要记住英语数字读法特点。例如： 【总结】1. 三位数读法： 三位数：百位数字 + hundred + and + 十位和个位（十位若是0，直接读个位） Eg. 416 four hundred and sixteen 367 three hundred and sixty seven 509 five hundred and nine 四位数读法： 四位数：千位数 + thousand + 后面三位数（小数部分逐个读出数字） Eg. 5895 five thousand, eight hundred and ninety five 五位数读法：11,000 eleven thousand 六位数读法：259,613 two hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirteen 七位数读法：9,000,000 nine million 【注意】大数字读法： 从右往左，三位一截 每截都按三位数读 截完加单位：billion / thousand / million and 用在百十间 【练一练】写出或读出下列数字。 488488,8488,848.86909009,000900,0009,000,0009,61359,61359,613.78259,6132,674164,213,43018,357,089 twenty-eight thousand, six hundred and fifty-six forty million, four hundred and twenty-four thousand
考点5：416 metres below sea level 低于海平面 416 米 【名师解析1】below 作介词，意为 “在（或到）…… 下面；少于；低于”；作副词，意为 “在（或到）下面”，单独使用。→反义词：prep.&adv.在...上方，高于___________ 【辨析】below 与 under below侧重指位置在下方，不接触，不强调垂直关系，也可表示数量、程度等的 “低于”。under侧重指垂直方向的 “在……正下方”，不接触，还可表示 “在…… 管辖下”
Eg. The river below the bridge is very wide.桥下面的河很宽。 The temperature is below zero today.今天的气温在零度以下。 Please write your name on the line below.请把你的名字写在下面的横线上。 【名师解析2】level作名词，意为 “高度；水平；程度”，为可数名词。 【短语搭配】sea level 海平面 at the same level 在同一水平，同一层次 a high/low level of.. ....的高/低水平 【练一练】 用below/under填空 The temperature is __________ zero today, so it it very cold. The cat is lying ___________ the table. Please write your name on the line ____________. 综合检测 Dead Sea is 434.16 meters ____________(在...以下) sea __________(水平，高度). They are playing football at __________ same _____________(水平). Look! A plane is flying ____________(在...上面) our heads. 考点6：Deepest dive of a whale 鲸鱼下潜的最大深度 【名师解析1】dive /da v/v.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲→___________ n.潜水员；跳水运动员→___________ n./adj.跳水运动；潜水的 【短语搭配】dive down 潜入；下潜；俯冲 dive into 跳入；潜入；全身心投入 【对点导练】 那个男人跳入河中去救溺水的小孩。 The man _____________ the river to save the drowning child. 他做了个漂亮的跳水动作。 He made _____________________. 考点7：Why people are researching the deep sea 为什么人们要研究深海 【名师解析】research v. & n.研究;调查→_____________ n.研究者，调查人员 research sth. 调查某事/物 do research into/on sth.对某事进行研究(研究方向) 【对点导练】 The students do ______________(研究) on wild plants in the mountain every summer. 他为论文研究了欧洲国家的环保政策。 He _________________environmental policies in European countries for his thesis. 考点8：Some animals have unusual abilities. 有些动物拥有非凡的能力。 【名师解析】unusual adj.不同寻常的→(反)__________ adj.寻常的→____________ adv.通常 【拓展】_______ unusual experience一个不寻常的经历；_______ usual 向往常一样 【练一练】1. I ____________(通常) get up at 7:00 in the morning. 2.It is ____________(不同寻常的) for him to be late for school. He is always on time. 3. __________ usual, she went to the library after class. 4. This is _________ unusual story, so all the children like it very much. 5. It is ___________(不寻常的) to see snow in this warm city. 考点9：What is the bottom of the deep sea like 深海底部是什么样子的呢 【名师解析】bottom名词，意为“底部； 最下部”. 【常见用法】______ the bottom of：在…… 的底部→(反)_______ the top of在......顶部 _______ top ______ bottom：从上到下；彻底地 from the bottom of one's __________：由衷地，从心底里 【牛刀小试】1. It took them six hours to reach the ____________(底部) of the mountain. 2.There is a fish _______ the bottom of the pool. 考点10：By the way, do you know why it's called the Yellow River 顺便说一下，你知道它为什么叫黄河吗 【名师解析】way 作为名词,主要有以下几个意思： a) 方法、方式、手段：表示“做某事的方法”或“某事发生的方式”。后面通常接 __________ sth. 或 of doing sth.； ______ this way 用这种方式 b) 路、道路、路线：指具体的道路，或者从一处到另一处的路线。如：_______ the way (to...) 在去...的路上 c) 方面、点：指某个特定的方面或细节。 d) 距离、路程：表示空间上的距离或时间上的间隔。 e) 情形、状态：常用于固定短语，表示某人处于某种状态。 【常见介词短语与固定搭配】 ______ the way在路上in ________ way / in one's way 挡路、妨碍by the way_______________in a way / in one way在某种程度上in no way绝不out of the way不挡路；偏僻的；处理掉no way________________________ this/that way 用这种/那种方式all the way 一路上，自始至终make one’s way 前往lose one’s way 迷路give way 让步，让路
【辨析】way &method &manner way：最通用，可替代另外两个。That's just his way. method：有系统性、条理性的方法，强调步骤，体系，效率。scientific method (科学方法) manner：指做事的“态度”或“行为方式”。in a polite manner (以礼貌的方式) 【对点导练】 This is a good way ____________(improve) your spoken English. We should find a better way of ____________(solve) this problem. On the way __________ school, the little girl saw an accident. We can save plenty of time _________ this way. 顺便说一下, 我明天要去北京出差。 _______ ________ ________, I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow. 考点11：Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop.尼罗河和黄河都帮助古代文明发展。 【名师解析1】both 意为“两个，两者都”，既可作形容词，也可用作代词，常位于be动词、情态动词________，行为动词_________。both..._________.. 意为“.....和.....都；既.....又.....”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词通常用_________形式。 Eg. Both Tom and Jim ________(be) my good friends. 鲍勃和吉姆都是我的好朋友。 【名师解析2】develop v.发展；培养；开发→____________ adj.发达的→____________ adj.发展中的→_______________ n.发展；壮大 【用法搭配】________ the ____________of... 随着……的发展 economic development 经济发展 【典型练习】 1. Both my brother _________ I like watching cartoons. 2. The two girls are ___________(两者都) good at swimming. 3. _________ the development of the Internet, people can communicate more ___________(easy). 4. Japan is a _____________(develop) country, while India is a _____________(develop) one. 5. Both of us ____________(be) going to the park this weekend. 6. Our lives are becoming better and ____________(good) because of the country’s fast _____________(发展). 考点12：We should protect them at all costs. 我们应该不惜任何代价保护他们。 【名师解析1】protect v.保护→____________ n.保护 【用法搭配】protect sb./sth. _________/against sth. 保护...免受...的伤害 Eg. We should protect the environment from pollution. 我们应该保护环境免受污染。 【名师解析2】此处cost用作名词，意为“成本，代价”。cost也可用作动词，意为“花费”，过去式/过去分词都为________。 【短语搭配】at all costs 不惜任何代价=at any cost/no matter what the cost is at the cost of... 以...为代价 【辨析】spend，take，cost，pay 动词词义主语句型take花时间事情/通常为_______ takes sb. some time _______ sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。cost花钱____________ cost(s) sb. +钱 某物花了某人多少钱pay付费_____________ pay(s) some money ______ sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱 pay for sb.“替某人付款。spend花（时间/钱）____________. spend(s) time/money _____ sth.某人在某物上花了多少钱/时间 _____ spend(s) time/money ________ sth.某人花时间/钱做某事
【典型练习】 We should ____________(保护) the endangered animals ________ all costs. Parents always try their best to protect their children ___________ danger. It’s very important for us to take measures for the environmental _____________(protect). This book ___________(花费) me 15 yuan just now. He usually spends two hours ____________(read) his favorite novels. You need to pay 100 dollars _________ the meal. It takes me 20 minutes __________(walk) to school. The __________(成本) of living in big cities is very high. 考点13: On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky.在地球上最高的地方，你会感觉自己仿佛能触摸到天空。 【名师解析】feel like意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或从句。 ☆feel like ____________ sth.意为“想要做某事”=want __________ sth.=would like ____________ sth. Eg. She feels like going for a walk along the river.= She wants / would like to go for a walk along the river.她想沿河散步。 【练一练】 1. I feel like ___________(drink) a cup of hot tea _______ cold days. 2. She wants ____________(go) shopping this weekend.=She would like ___________(go) shopping this weekend. 3. After what I felt _________ forever, it suddenly stopped. 考点14: That is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.那仅仅是在他们能够先挺过恶劣条件的情况下。 【名师解析1】only if 意为“只有.....(才)；只有在....的时候”。副词only是中心词，从属连词if用于连接从句。 Eg. I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard. 我告诉他，他只有努力才能成功。 【注意】当only if置于句首时，主句须部分倒装，即将助动词提前。 【名师解析2】survive作动词，意为 “生存；存活；艰难度过”，为及物或不及物动词→____________ n.生存；幸存→____________ n.幸存者 【短语搭配】 survive on sth. 依靠某物生存 survive from ... 从…… 中幸存 Eg. animals survive on grass in the grassland.草原上的动物依靠草生存。 【名师解析3】condition作名词，意为 “状态；境况”，作 “状态” 讲时为不可数名词，作 “境况；条件” 讲时为可数名词. 【短语搭配】in good/bad condition 状态良好 / 糟糕 living conditions 生活条件 on the condition that+从句 条件是 Eg. The old house is still in good condition. 这栋老房子依然状态良好。 【练一练】 You can get good grades only _________ you study hard every day. The little boy ___________(生存) from the big earthquake in 2008. Although they are in a bad _____________(条件，状况), they are still able ____________(survive). 考点15: Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. 1960 年以前，还没有人能从北坡登上珠穆朗玛峰。 【名师解析1】☆reach 作为动词, 既可以作及物动词（直接跟宾语），也可以作不及物动词。 a) 到达某地 (及物) 这是最基础的用法，表示“抵达某个地点”。注意，它后面直接跟地点名词，不需要加介词（与 arrive in/at 不同）。 Eg. We reached Beijing at 8 p.m. 我们晚上8点到达北京。 b) 达到某个数量、水平或阶段 (及物)表示“达到（某个点、数量、程度、年龄等）”。 Eg. He has reached the age of retirement. 他已到了退休年龄。 c) 够到、伸手触及 (及物)表示“伸手（或脚）能够到某物”。 Eg. She is too short to reach the pedals. 她个子太矮，踩不到踏板。 d) 与某人取得联系 (及物)引申为“联系上某人”，通常指通过电话等方式。 Eg. You can reach me at this number. 你可以打这个号码找到我。 e) 延伸、伸展 (不及物):表示某物在空间或时间上“延伸、扩展”。 Eg. The forest reaches as far as the river. 森林一直延伸到河边。 △reach 作名词, 通常指“范围”、“可及的距离”或“河段”。 a) 伸手可及的距离 常用搭配：within reach 在够得着的范围内、out of reach 够不着、beyond reach 超出范围。 b) 影响范围、能力范围 引申为某人的能力、权力或影响力所能达到的范围。 This problem is beyond the reach of my imagination. 这个问题超出了我的想象范围。 【常见短语搭配】 reach out (to sb.)：伸出手；主动联系/伸出援手 reach for：伸手去拿；努力争取 within arm's reach：在手边，伸手可及 【辨析】三个“到达”reach, arrive&get 单词词性用法使用场景例句reach及物动词直接接地点通用，正式/口语皆可reach Beijing (到北京)arrive不及物动词大地点用_____，小地点用______较正式，书面/口语通用arrive in Beijing (大)arrive at the station (小)get不及物动词加______ (get to + 地点)最口语化，日常聊天get to Beijing
【注意】当到达的地方是“_________________________”时，必须省略介词。如：get home 到家 【名师解析2】northern / n n/ adj.北部的；向北的→_____________ n.北方，北部 【构词法】由名词 north（北；北方）+ 后缀 -ern 构成 同类拓展：east 东方→____________东方的；东部的 west 西方→ ______________西方的；西部的 south 南方→ _______________南方的；南部的 【对点导练】 1.The city is in the ____________(north) part of China, so it’s cold in winter. 2.The __________ (west) part of the country is famous for its beautiful mountains. 3.The city lies in the ___________(南方) of the country.=The city lies in the ____________(south) part of the country. 4. As we all know, the sun rises in the ___________(东方) and sets in the ___________(西方). 5. We ___________(到达) at the bus stop at 8:00 yesterday morning. 6. Do you know how I can get _________ the museum 7. If you ___________(到达) the top of the mountain, you will have a different view. 8. The box is so high that the kid can’t ____________(够到). 考点16: Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”,but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.登山者甚至称这条路为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心要攀登这条路。 【名师解析1】death /deθ/ n.死亡；毁灭；破灭 【易混辨析】 单词词性词义用法说明death名词死亡在句中作主语或宾语。______动词死作谓语非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。_______形容词死的与be动词连用，作定语或表语，表示状态；be dead 可与一段时间连用。_______形容词快死的die的ing形式，也是adj.作定语，the dying 指“临终者，垂死者”。
【语境例句】The old man lies in bed, thinking of his 1._______army comrades. They 2.______ for the liberation of the people. It is a worthy 3.______. His 4.______wish is to see his living army comrades.这位老人躺在床上,想起他死去的战友。他们为人民的解放事业而死,死得其所。他的临终心愿是去看看他仍然健在的战友。 【名师解析2】_______________ 作形容词，意为 “有决心的；坚决的”→determine v.决定；下决心→____________ n.决心；坚定 【短语搭配】determine __________ sth.=be ____________ ___________ sth.=decide __________ sth. 决定做某事 【对点导练】 The ___________(die) of his pet dog made him very sad. He was sad about his pet dog’s ____________(die). The old man is ___________(die), so we should send him to the hospital at once. She is determined ____________(become) a successful doctor in the future. To our surprise, the lovely dog __________(die) suddenly because of yesterday’s traffic accident. The photo often reminds him _________ his __________(die) friends. If you make the ______________(determine), you should try your best ___________(do) it well. 考点17: It was 8,600 meters above sea level. 海拔8600米的高度。 【名师解析】above作介词，表示“在··之上，超过：高于，优于，胜于”；作副词，意为“在上面，向上面；在上文”；作形容词，意为“上文的，前述的”。 【辨析】on, above, over 单词意思例句on“在某物上面”（两者接触）There is a book on the table.above“在某物上方”（未必在正上方。与below相对，两者不接触)。The moon is now above the trees.over“在某物正上方”（两者不接触。与under相对)The bridge is over the river.
【对点导练】 单项选择 There is a picture __________ the wall, and a clock __________ the picture. on; above B. above; on C. on; over D. above; over The plane is flying __________ the clouds, and the bird is standing ________ the branch(树枝). over; on B. above; on C. on; above D. above; over The mountain is 20000 meters ___________ sea level. on B. over C. above D. at 翻译填空 桥在河的上方。The bridge is __________ the river. 书在桌子上。The book is ________ the desk. 温度在零度以上。The temperature is __________ zero. 考点18: Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step.登山者们一点一点地往上爬，终于越过了第二步。 【名师解析】bit by bit 意为 “一点一点地；逐渐地”，为副词性短语，在句中作状语，可置于句首、句中或句末。 Eg. Bit by bit, he learned how to play the piano.他一点一点地学会了弹钢琴。 【辨析】bit by bit与little by little 二者均表示 “逐渐地；一点一点地”，含义基本相同，可互换使用。 bit by bit 更侧重“分步、一点点完成”； little by little 更侧重 “缓慢的变化过程”. Little by little, the child began to speak.孩子慢慢开始说话了。 He finished the puzzle bit by bit.他一点一点地拼好了拼图。
【对点导练】 We finished the hard work bit ______ bit and finally made ________. We solved the problem bit by _________(一点一点地). He went to the library __________(borrow) a book about science. 考点19: Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail.有些登山者成功登顶，但也有许多登山者失败。 【名师解析1】______________ adv.成功地→succeed v.成功→____________ n.成功；成功的人或事→_____________ adj.成功的 【名师解析2】fail v.失败，不及格，未能做到→____________ n.失败 【常用搭配】①fail ____________ sth. 未能做成某事 ②fail ____________ sth. 在某事上失败 ③Failure is the mother of success. ____________ 【对点导练】1.He finished the project ______________(successful), and everyone was proud ________ him. 2.To my surprise, she is a ______________(success) businesswoman. 3. ___________ she tried her best, she failed ___________(pass) the exam. 4.After ___________(climb) the mountain several times, he finally ____________(成功) in reaching the top. 5. _______ a saying goes, “____________(fail) is mother of success.” 考点20: Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world 为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰 【名师解析】risk作动词，意为 “使……冒风险（或面临危险）”；作名词，意为 “危险；风险”→___________ adj.有风险的 【短语搭配】①take _______ risk=take ____________ 冒险 ②risk __________ sth. 冒险做某事 ③risk one’s life ___________ sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 ④________ risk 处于风险中 Eg. He is brave enough to take a risk.他足够勇敢，敢于冒险。 They risked losing their jobs to speak out.他们冒着失去工作的风险直言不讳。 【对点导练】 The firemen risk ___________(they) lives ___________(save) the people in the fire. He risked ___________(lose) his job to help me. I don’t think you need to take ____________(风险). It’s such a __________(risk) job that his parents don’t agree. 考点21: It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心无法被抑制。 【名师解析】curious adj.好奇的→____________ adv.好奇地→____________ n.好奇心 ☆形容词用法：①be curious ____________ sth. 对某事感到好奇 ②be curious ____________ sth. 对做某事感到好奇 △名词用法：out of ____________ 出于好奇 【拓展】关于“好奇心”的谚语：Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心害死猫。(过度的好奇心可能会导致不好的后果) 【对点导练】 —Why is he late —It is __________ he got up late. Children are always curious __________ the world around them. She is a girl full of ___________(好奇心) and always asks questions. There is a sound from the dark room. The little boy is so ___________(好奇的) that he wants to see what’s inside. As long as I am determined ___________(achieve) a goal, nothing can stop my ____________(雄心). 考点22: Located on the northeastern coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing places to visit. 大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北海岸，是最令人惊叹的游览胜地之一。 【名师解析1】on the coast (of...) 在（……）海岸上 __________ the coast 沿海 Eg. Many beautiful cities are on the coast of China. 许多美丽的城市都在中国沿海海岸上。 There are many wonderful beaches along the coast. 沿海一带有很多很棒的海滩。 【名师解析2】本句中动词不定式 to visit 作后置定语，修饰 places。被修饰词 places 作动词 visit 的宾语。 动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的后面。如果动词不定式与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，且构成不定式的动词是不及物动词，须加上相应的介词。 Eg. I have a lot of homework to do every day. 我每天有很多作业要做。 The little girl has no friends to play with after school. 这个小女孩放学后没有朋友可以一起玩。 【对点导练】 一、单项选择 1. There are many small towns ______ the coast of the island. A. on B. along C. in D. at 2. We will drive ______ the coast and enjoy the scenery. A. on B. along C. in D. at 3. I have a lot of clothes ______ today. A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed 4. The old man has no one ______ with. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 二、完成句子 1.青岛位于中国的东海岸。 Qingdao is ______ the eastern coast of China. 2.沿海有很多美丽的村庄。 There are many beautiful villages ______ the coast. 3.我有一些有趣的书可以读。I have some interesting books _____________. 4.这个男孩没有伙伴一起玩. The boy doesn’t have partners ____________________. 考点23: It takes up an area of 345.000 square kilometers and includes many islands and white sand beaches.它占地面积达34.5万平方公里，包含众多岛屿和白色沙滩。 【名师解析1】take up意为“学着做；从事；开始做”，其后常跟名词或动词___________形式作宾语。 Eg. Scientists have taken up a new subject.科学家们开始研究一个新的课题。 The man has taken up farming for twenty years.这个男人从事农业二十年了。 【注意】 （1）take up还可意为“占据（空间）；占用（时间）” Eg. I won't take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你的时间了。 （2）take up还意为“继续讲述，接着讲”。 Eg. The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday.老师从昨天没讲完的课开始讲。 【拓展】 与take有关的其他短语：take care _____ 照顾；take away ____________；take out ____________； take down ____________；take on ____________；take off ____________； take over ____________；take in ____________；take back ____________； take after ____________；take part ______ 参加；take __________发生； take pride _____ 为...骄傲；take action ____________； take __________ 记笔记； take ______ walk 散步；take a+交通工具 乘坐.. 【名师解析2】include及物动词，意为“包括；包含”，指整体中包含某部分内容。不用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词或动词___________作宾语，不可接动词不定式。 Eg. My job includes answering emails and helping customers. 我的工作包括回复邮件和帮助顾客。 【辨析】included与including included形容词包括在内的一般位于名词或代词后面，作后置定语including介词包括...在内后跟名词或代词，常在句中作状语，用于对主句的补充说明。通常放在被包含事物的前面。
Eg. Eight people came to the party, including my little sister. 八个人来参加了聚会，包括我的小妹妹。 Eight people came to the party, my little sister included. 八个人来参加了聚会，我的小妹妹也在内 【对点导练】 一、用include的正确形式填空。 1. Ten students went hiking, ____________ my best friend Lily. 2. Ten students went hiking, my best friend Lily ____________. 3. The price of the trip ____________round-trip tickets and hotel stays. 4. The family has many hobbies, ____________ swimming, hiking and painting. 5. The list of participants is long, and my name is ____________ too. 二、用 take 相关短语填空 1. The plane will take ____________ in ten minutes. 2. We should take ______________ our parents when they are old. 3. His parents take ______________ his success in the competition. 4. She will take ______ the company when her father retires. 5. All the students will take ______________ the sports meeting. 根据句意或中文提示填写单词的正确形式。 The course _____________(包含) three parts: listening, speaking and writing. 2. He has taken up ______________(play) the guitar since he was 10 years old. 3. She ___________(take) up jogging to keep fit last year. 4. Please don't take __________ too much of my time and space. 5. The room has many things, _____________(include) a bed, a table, some books and so on. 考点24: The Great Barrier Reef is also alive! 大堡礁也是充满生机的！ 【名师解析】alive作形容词，意为 “活着；在世；有活力”，常作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语，不能作前置定语。 come alive 热闹起来；有精神起来 Eg. The party began to come alive when music and songs started.当音乐和歌声响起时，派对开始热闹起来。 bring sth. alive 使……有趣；变得有生气 Eg. A good teacher can bring a lesson alive and make students interested in it.一位好老师能让课堂变得生动有趣，让学生爱上学习。 【辨析】alive、living与lively aliveadj.活着的；在世的；有活力的常作表语，放在系动词后；也可作后置定语，多修饰人，也可修饰物。livingadj.活着的，现存的作定语或表语，可修饰人或物。livelyadj.活泼的，生气勃勃的，生动的作定语或表语，形容人/课堂/气氛等很活跃。
Eg. The fish is still alive in the water. 这条鱼在水里仍然活着。 All living things need water and air to stay alive. 所有生物都需要水和空气才能生存。 Our English teacher always makes her class lively and interesting. 我们的英语老师总是让课堂生动活泼、有趣。 【对点导练】用alive/living/lively的适当形式填空 1. The little girl has a ______ personality and gets along well with everyone. 2. The doctor said that the patient was still ______ after the successful operation. 3. We should try to keep our class ______ and interesting. 4. This is a ______ creature that can be found in the deep sea. 5. The story of the hero brought the historical event ______ for the students. 考点25: If you visit it, you will see the largest living structure on earth. 如果你游览这里，你会看到地球上最大的生物构造。 【名师解析】if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，遵循“_____________”原则，即主句使用___________时，从句使用_______________时表将来。 Eg. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early bus. 如果你不快点，你就会错过早班车。 【拓展】if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。 Eg.I want to know if he will come to my birthday party. 我想知道他是否会来我的生日派对 【对点导练】 一、单项选择 1. If you ______ hard, you ______ good grades. A. study; will get B. will study; get C. study; get D. will study; will get 2. I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow. If he ______, I’ll call you. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 3. If it ______ tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained 4. She wants to know if you ______ to the party next week. A. go B. went C. will go D. goes 5. If you ______ the book, you will learn a lot about history. A. read B. reads C. will read D. reading 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. If you ______ (not hurry), you will be late for the meeting. 2. I wonder if he ______ (join) us in the game this afternoon. 3. If he ______ (have) time tomorrow, he will help you with your homework. 4. She asks if we ______ (visit) the museum next weekend. 5. If it ______ (snow) tomorrow, we will make a snowman. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 如果他邀请我，我就去参加他的婚礼。 ______ he ______ me, I ______ go to his wedding. 2. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。 I don’t know ______ it ______ ______ tomorrow. 3. 如果你努力练习，你的英语口语会越来越好。 If you ______ ______, your spoken English ______ ______ better and better. 4. 她想知道你是否能帮她学数学。 She wants to know ______ you ______ ______ her with her math. 5. 如果我们不保护环境，很多动物会失去家园。 If we ______ ______ the environment, many animals ______ ______ their homes. (
同步题型分析
)（热个身先~~~） 一、根据所给提示完成单词。 1. We love our motherland from the ________(底部)of the heart. 2. The Great Wall in China is one of the greatest man-made ________(奇观)in the world. 3. When the temperature is ________(低于) zero, water turns into ice. 4. The Sahara is one of the largest_________(沙漠)in the world. 5. Through lots of practice, his English __________(水平)improved a lot. 6. The Great Pyramid is a great ___________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 7. We need to get the exact _____________ (测量数据) of the room before buying the carpet. 8. The water __________ (水平面) in the lake is rising because of the heavy rain. 9. The _________ (表面) of the moon is covered with dust and rocks. 10. We took many photos in front of the ____________(瀑布)last weekend. 11. Different ______________(文明)have their own special cultures and traditions. 12. The___________(发展)of science has changed our lives a lot. 13. Yesterday, Jack built a beautiful house on the beach with the ________(沙子). 14. Children are very ________(好奇的)about the world around them. 15.［芜湖期末］My weekly shopping list __________(包括) milk, eggs and bread. 16. Every summer, many tourists come to the ________(海滨) for a vacation. 17. He tried his best to keep the tree ________(活着的), but it died in the end. 二、根据单词或句意填单词的适当形式。 1. Let's talk about the natural __________(wonder) in class. 2. He often ________ (share) his stories about traveling with us. 3. The _____________ (measure) of the box is 20 centimetres long. 4. This is one of the ________ (deep) lakes in our country. 5. Mount Qomolangma is the _________ (high) mountain in the world. 6. The Sahara is by far the __________ (large) hot desert on Earth. 7. What’s the __________ (deep) point in the ocean — It’s the Mariana Trench. 8. Scientists use special tools for the __________ (measure) of the trench’s depth. 9. We looked at the stars and __________ (wonder) if there is life in space. 10. We were all ___________(shock) to hear that there is rubbish at the bottom of the ocean. 11. The ___________(deep) of the Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres. 12. Curiosity is one of the ___________(reason) why people explore the deep sea. 13. Many deep-sea animals look ___________(usual) and have special abilities. 14. I find the three girls in the club have different ________ (ability). 15. Among all the students, she got the ____________ (high) grade in the maths exam. 16. In my ________ morning routine, I ________ jog in the park near my home. But yesterday, something __________ happened. A man got hurt suddenly, and luckily someone took him to hospital in time. (usual) 17. A good friend truly cares about you and would like ____________ (do) anything good for you. 18. With the ________________ (develop) of China, people’s lives are better and better. 19. Sun Wukong has a magical stick, and it can change its ________ (long). 20. The man didn’t realize the ________________ (important) of health until he got ill seriously. 21. Bill lives the ________ (far) from the school. He has to get up early to catch the early bus. 22. The city has the second ____________ (large) population in the country. 23. Hongcun Scenic Area in Huangshan City is one of the _____________ (famous) ancient villages in China. 24. We are happy to see our city is developing _____________ (quickly) than before. 25.［扬州中考］The international influence of Yangzhou is getting much ________ (strong) than before. 26. Cindy is as ________ (outgoing) as her mother. They both enjoy talking with others. 27. — Did you know that China is one of___________(old) countries in the world — Yes, I did. It’s much _______(old) than my country. It’s wise of __________ (travel) to carry a map and a guidebook during trips. 29. People in the world should work together to protect the ________ (nature) environment. 30. It’s __________ (risk) to drive at high speed in such heavy fog. 31. I keep three pet __________ (turtle). They like swimming in the tank. 32. In ________ (south) China, people often eat rice as their main food. 33.The hospital is located ______front of the park, so it's easy to find. 34. Our school covers ____________ area of over 10,000 square metres. 35. —How ________ is it from here to your home —It’s about three miles. 三、方框选词 usual, dive, surface, south, deep
1. The __________ of the lake is as smooth as a mirror on quiet mornings. 2. The bird made a quick __________ from the sky to catch a small worm on the ground. 3. The ____________ of this lake reaches over 80 metres. 4. Betty hopes to give her mother an ____________ gift on her fortieth birthday. 5. The ___________ part of China is warm in winter. bit by bit by the way at all costs deal with for the first time at the top of after all out of curiosity the risk of be determined to
1. ____________, have you finished the homework that the teacher gave us 2. If you don’t follow the traffic rules, you will increase ___________ traffic accidents. 3. I felt very excited and nervous when I visited the famous museum _______________. 4. We can enjoy the beautiful view of the whole town ______________ the high mountain. 5. If you keep trying, you will make progress _____________. 6. Many children like to ask different kinds of questions ______________. 7. We _________________ study hard and make our dreams come true in the future. 8. We must protect our earth and keep our environment clean and safe _____________. 9. He should not be too strict with you. ___________, you are still young. 10. We should learn to ___________ all kinds of problems in our life. freshwater, northeast, coral, lifetime, attract, structure
1. The old bridge’s ___________ was too weak, so engineers built a new bridge beside it. 2. __________ looks like colourful rocks but in fact, it is small sea animals. 3. Lu Xun is a famous writer in China and he wrote hundreds of articles in his __________. 4. Poyang Lake is the largest ____________ lake in China. 5. Harbin, a city in ______________ China, is famous for its Ice and Snow World. 6. As we all know, Luoyang is famous for its peonies. It ___________ millions of visitors from home and abroad every year. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。(17分) 1. 这座岛仅高于海平面几米。 The island is only a few metres above ________ ________. 2. 优秀的学习者能将他们正在学的与一些有趣的事物联系起来。 Good learners can ________ what they are learning ________ something interesting. 3.这种动物体型较小，但它的声音很大。 The animal is small ________ ________, but it has a very loud voice. 4.我们学校占地面积超过350000平方米。 Our school has an area of more than 350, 000 ________ ________. 5.［天津模拟］请在你的朋友们到达之前，尽可能快地打扫你的房间。 Please clean your room ____________________________ before your friends arrive. 6. 众所周知，大鲨鱼生活在深海里。 As we all know, big sharks live _____________________. 7.这个湖有多深 _______ _________ is the lake 8.请尽可能快地完成作业! Please finish your homework_______ ____________ _______ you can! 9.地球上最深的点是哪里 Where’s ________ ____________ __________ _________ earth 10. 这些学生想要在博物馆里了解关于古代中国的历史。 The students want to ________ ________ the history of ancient China in the museum. 11.我们将不惜任何代价保护这些宫殿。 We will protect these palaces ________ ________ ________. 12.萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆敲得要好。 ________ Sam ________ Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 13.我今天下午要去超市。顺便问一下，你需要什么吗？ I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. ________ ________ ________, do you need anything 14.对古代文明的研究有助于我们理解社会是如何随着时间发展的。 The study of ________ _____________ helps us understand how societies developed over time. 15.运动中心的游泳池可以装800立方米的水。 The swimming pool in the sports centre can hold 800 ________ ________ of water. 16.互联网在我们的生活中变得越来越重要。 The Internet is getting _______________________________ in our lives. 17.他们偶尔去爬山以亲近大自然。 They go mountain climbing from time to time to get ________ ________ nature. 18.我在山顶欣赏日出。它的美丽使我激动地跳了起来。 I enjoyed the sunrise _______ ______ _______ _______ the mountain. Its beauty made me jump in excitement. 19.目之所及，绿色的山丘绵延数英里。 ________ ________ ________ the eye can see, the green hills run for ________. 20.去年夏天，我去了一个坐落在我们省南部的山村旅游。 Last summer, I travelled to a mountain village ________ ________ the south of our province. 21.在这个村子里，一个湖泊占据了中心区域的很大面积。 In the village, a lake ________ ________ a large area of the central area. 22.我们游览了不同类型的地方，比如古老的石桥和传统的农舍。 We visited ________ ________ ________ places, such as ancient stone bridges and traditional farmhouses. 23.在村子外面，我们还看到了令人惊叹的自然奇观，比如一个巨大的瀑布。 Outside the village, we also saw amazing __________ __________ like a huge waterfall. 24.尽管旅途有些疲惫，但我们很开心，毕竟这是一次难忘的经历。 Although the trip was a bit tiring, we were very happy. ________ ________ it was an unforgettable experience. 五、短文填空。 The Grand Canyon is one of the 1.________________(wonderful) natural wonders in the world. It’s in the southwestern part of the United States. When you see it, you’ll be surprised by its great 2. __________(deep) and wide space. The rocks there have many different colours, 3. ________ red, brown and gray. Their shapes are really special, too. Every year, thousands of 4. ________ (tour) from different countries come here to enjoy the amazing views. My family and I visited the Grand Canyon last summer. As soon as we got there, we felt so 5. ________ (excite). It was much more beautiful than we 6. ________ (think). We walked along the canyon, took a lot of photos, and listened to the tour guide’s stories about 7. ________ (it) history. It was really interesting. If you want to visit the Grand Canyon, spring and autumn are the 8. ________ (good) times. The weather is cool and comfortable then. Summer is too hot, and winter may be too cold. You can hike along the paths, take a boat trip on the river, 9. __________ just sit and enjoy the beautiful scenery. It will 10. __________ (sure) make your trip enjoyable. (
课堂达标检测
)（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） A 一、词汇运用 A.将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 (
research prepare bit by bit curio
sity
appear
lonelyproud
) Last night, I woke up at 11 p.m. because my friend called - he said the northern lights would 1._________! My dad and I were so 2._________ that we decided to go. We quickly 3. _________ warm coats and hot drinks. On the way to the hill, my friend told us about his 4._________ on this natural wonder. He said the lights come from the sun. When we got there, I walked very fast. 5._________, green lights started to dance in the sky! We stayed for an hour, feeling so lucky. It was the most amazing scenery I'd ever seen. B.阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest 1.____________(奇观) of the world. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they 2.__________(生存) the terrible 3._____________(条件，状况) first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 4.__________(度). Climbers must also deal with thin air, high 5.___________(峭壁), and 6.__________(易变的) weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the 7.___________(北部的) side. Mountain climbers even called that way the "8._____________(死亡) Road". But a Chinese climbing team was 9.___________(有决心) to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, Liu and other climbers arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres 10.________(在......上面) sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his 11.___________(肩膀). Bit by bit, they made it past the Second Step. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 12.___________(成功地), but many 13.___________(失败). Why do people still 14.__________(使......冒风险) their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human 15._____________(好奇心) and 16.___________(雄心) cannot be stopped. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填人括号中所给单词的正确形式。 What’s the best way to overlook(俯视) beautiful city If you find climbing mountain tiring, there is another way that is 1._____________(relaxing) than it: take Ferris wheel(摩天轮)! Ferris wheels sit in the middle of some great cities around the world. These tall, wide wheels move round and round while carrying people. You can have such a 2.___________(wonder) time, chatting with friends while enjoying a fantastic view under your 3.__________ (foot). The first Ferris wheel was built 4._________ 1893 by US engineer George Ferris Jr. in Chicago,US. The giant wheel made people feel 5.____________(shock). At that time, it was 6.__________ (large) single piece of steel-work that had ever been made in the world. Ferris wheels 7.__________ (quick) became tourist attractions. Now, with many countries racing to build the tallest, greatest or coolest Ferris wheel, the big round wheels are becoming popular in amusement parks and carnivals. Here is one of 8._____________(popular) Ferris wheels around the world. Would you like 9.____________(try) it With a 10.__________ (high) of 135m, the London Eye is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe. It has enough space for 800 people on one turn and each car can carry as 11.__________ (much) as 25 people. By 12.__________(take) it, visitors can get a 360-degree view of London Tower, Buckingham Palace and Big Ben. One complete turn takes 30 minutes The London Eye is at the center of the New Year's celebrations, as bright, sparkling fireworks rain down from the wheel. B A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 good plan condition successful like
The human earth is the cradle of human life, but we may not stay in this cradle forever. China is now 1 to look for habitable planets. But what is a habitable planet 2 In short, the more similar to earth, the 3 . They should be as big as the earth. These planets must also orbit a star like the sun, and they should not be too close or too far from their sun, so they won’t be too hot or too cold. Most importantly, they must have similar living 4 . It’s not easy to find out a new home in space, but as long as we keep trying, we will achieve it 5 . B. 根据下列文章及所给的汉语注释，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 An Adventure(冒险) to the Great Barrier Reef Have you ever wondered what the most amazing natural wonder on Earth looks like Let me take you on a journey to the Great Barrier Reef, a breathtaking structure that stretches along Australia’s 1.____________(东北的) coast. This underwater world is home to countless living creatures, 2.____________(包括) colorful coral, soft sand, and lively sea turtles that spend their lifetime 3.____________(游泳) in these waters. If you dive deep 4.___________(在....下面) the surface, you’ll discover a magical landscape of cliffs and pools, where every corner is full of life. The reef’s unique ecosystem 5._____________(吸引) millions of travellers every year, all driven by curiosity to 6._____________(探索) this extraordinary place. Some brave people even use submersibles to reach the 7._____________(底部) of the reef, measuring the 8.___________(深度) of the ocean and studying the marine life. They work much 9.____________(努力) to protect this precious 10.____________(自然的) treasure, and determined to keep it alive for future generations. The Great Barrier Reef is not only a tourist attraction; 11.___________(而且) also a symbol of the beauty and power of nature, reminding us to cherish every living thing on our planet. C. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 “Guilin’s scenery is the best in the world, and Yangshuo’s scenery is the best in Guilin,” goes the old saying. Why is the scenery of Guilin and Yangshuo so great It’s probably 1 there’s a beautiful river running through them. It’s the Li River. From Guilin to Yangshuo, the scenery on both 2 (side) of the Li River is beautiful beyond words. The 3 (good) way to enjoy its beauty is to take a cruise (坐船游览). It’ll carry you away from the city and into a peaceful and relaxing world. You need to do nothing 4 bring your imagination (想象力) and a camera and keep your eyes open. Guilin hills, clear water, tall bamboo... It feels like you 5 (visit) in a Chinese ink painting! Your guide will tell you 6 (lot) of stories behind the different mountains. 7 stories behind Xianren Rock and Wangfu Rock must be on the list. A young man died of hunger after 8 (give) all his food to a poor old man and turned into Xianren Rock. His wife carried their baby on her back 9 (sad) and turned into Wangfu Rock. The Li River is beautiful. Why not visit this wonderful place 10 (see) it with your own eyes and feel it with your own heart (
C
专题
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专题导入
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考点分析
) Let’s learn:形容词和副词的比较等级 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，即原级、比较级和最高级。 原级：没有比较含义； 比较级：两者间比较，表示“较……”或“更……”； 最高级：三者及三者以上比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词_______，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 【注意】adj.最高级前不加the的主要情况： ①前面已有物主代词(my, your, his, her...等) 如：my best friend ②前面已有名词所有格’s或s’ 如：Tom’s youngest sister 1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成(规则变化) 构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加 ____， ____talltallertallest以不发音字母e结尾的单音节词和少数以le结尾的双音节词加 ____， ____largelargerlargestsimplesimplersimplest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，___末尾的辅音字母加 ____， ___hothotterhottestsadsaddersaddestbigbiggerbiggest以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节单词，变y为____加 ____， ____earlyearlierearliesthappyhappierhappiest少数以 er， ow结尾的双音节词末尾加 er， estclevercleverercleverestslowslowerslowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在其前面加_______，________importantmore importantthe most importantoutgoingmore outgoingthe most outgoing
2.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成（不规则变形） 原级比较级最高级good/well____________________ill/bad/badly____________________many/much____________________little____________________far__________(更远的)__________(最远的)___________(更近一步的)___________(最近一步的)old___________/______________________/___________
【注意】elder不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：elder sister(姐姐)，elder brother(哥哥) (
考点突破
) Let’s practice：写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 big __________ _________ 2. high __________ __________ 3. low __________ __________ 4. deep __________ __________ 5. easy __________ __________ 6. far __________ __________ 7. happy __________ _______ 8. early __________ __________ 9. great __________ __________ 10. close __________ __________ 11. amazing_______________ ________________ 12. interesting______________ ________________ 13. well __________ __________ 14. little __________ __________ 15. simple __________ ____________ 3. 具体用法： 一、形容词和副词的原级 1. 同级比较
基本结构as ... as ... 意为“和……一样”，中间填adj./adv._________；反义短语为“_________________ 和....不一样”。 【注意】短语“如此...以至于so...that...”和短语“太...而不能too...to...”中间都只能填adj./adv.的_________。 Eg. ① Peter is as tall as Tom. 彼得和汤姆一样高。 ② He works as hard as his sister. 他和他姐姐/妹妹一样努力工作。 二、形容词和副词的比较级 比较级用于两者（人或物）之间，表示“其中一个比另一个更……”或“较……”。 ①形容词或副词的比较级+________ Eg. The Changjiang River is longer than it.长江比它长。 Bill runs faster than any other boy in his class.比尔跑得比班上其他任何男孩都快。 【注意】“比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词 + 其他”表示“比其他任何一个……都……”。该结构可与“the+最高级”相互转换。 Eg. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山峰都高。( =珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。) ②“__________+and+_____________(单音节词和部分双音节词)”或“more and more+__________(多音节词和部分双音节词)”表示“越来越……”。 Eg. Summer is coming. It's getting hotter and hotter.夏天就要来了。天越来越热了。 ③ “the +__________...，the+___________..”表示“越……,就越……”。 Eg.The more you read, the more you know.你阅读得越多,知道的就越多。 ④可以修饰比较级的词有a bit，a little，rather，much，far，by far，a lot，a great deal，any，still，even等。 Eg. China is much older than the United States. 中国比美国古老得多。 ⑤ the + 比较级 + of the two (+ 名词复数) 表示“两者中较……的那个”。 Eg. Mike is the taller of the two boys. 迈克是两个男孩中较高的那个。 ⑥ Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更…… ” Eg. Which city is larger, Beijing or Shanghai 北京和上海，哪个城市更大 ⑦ A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A是B的……倍……”。 Eg. Our school is three times bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的三倍大。
三、形容词和副词的最高级 表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有in、of 、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 ①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.(某一范围内的比较用in) ②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year. (同一类事物范围内的比较用of) ③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals.(副词最高级前的the可以省去哦) ①(the+)最高级(+名词)+________/_______短语， 意为“……中最……的”。 Eg. I think spring is the best time of a year. 我认为春天是一年中最好的时节。 Tom works (the) hardest in Class3. 在三班汤姆学习最努力。 ②one of the +形容词__________+可数名词_________+in/of 短语，意为“……中最……的……之一”。 Eg. Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 杭州是世界上最美的城市之一。 ③the +序数词+形容词___________+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……” Eg. As we all know, the Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 众所周知,黄河是中国第二长河。 ④“Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A, B _______ C ” 意为“哪个/谁是最......,A,B还是C ”。 Eg. Who sings best in your class, Lily, Tom or Jack 你们班谁唱得最好，莉莉，汤姆还是杰克 ⑤ A＋v./be＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 Eg. Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.=Julia is the tallest girl in her class. ⑥ “否定词＋比较级”，“否定词＋so… as”结构也用来表示最高级含义。如： Eg. They are not richer than I. 他们没我富有。 No movie is so bad as this one. ＝ No movie is worse than this one. 没有比它更糟糕的电影了。 ⑦most并不一定只表示最高级，有时候可表示“非常”，此时most前面不用the而要用“a”来修饰。如： Eg. It was most kind of you to meet me. 你来接我真是太好了。 She is a most unusual woman. 她是一个非常与众不同的女士。
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强化练习
)（ 举一反三增能力！） 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The Yellow River is _________ (long) than the Huaihe River. 2. Mount Tai is the _________ (high) of the two mountains in Shandong. 3. The sea is getting more and more _________ (beauty) with environmental protection. 4. This lake is the _________ (deep) in our province. 5. Which is _________ (long), the Amazon River or the Nile River 6. This river is three metres __________ (wide) than that one. 7. Hainan Island is the second __________(large) island in China. 8. The sunset over the ocean is one of the _______________ (amazing) landscapes in the world. 9. Lin Tao runs ________(fast) than his classmates. He is the running star in his class. 10. The more we communicate with our parents, the _______(good) we'll understand each other. 11. Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her, nothing is _______________(important) than a proper plan. 12. For most of the students, June is always the ________(busy) month in a year. 13. Qian Xuesen, father of China's space program, is one of the ________(great) scientists in the world. 二、单项选择 1.—Which is ______ natural wonder in the world, the Grand Canyon, the Sahara Desert or the Great Barrier Reef —I think the Grand Canyon is. A. great B. greater C. the greatest D. more great 2.The Yangtze River is one of ______ rivers in the world. A. long B. longer C. the longest D. most long 3.The forest is becoming ______ because more trees are planted every year. A. greener and greener B. green and green C. more and more green D. greenest 4.This waterfall is ______ of the three in this area. A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifuler D. beautifulest 5.The National Library of China is ______ public library in Asia. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 6. In a DIY club, the more we practice, ______ we become. A. the worse B. the worst C. the better D. the best 7. Journey to the West is one of ______ classic novels in China. People like reading it. A. famous B. more famous C. the more famous D. the most famous 8. It is said that smart technology is making people ______ than before and doing them harm. A. lazy B. lazier C. laziest D. the laziest 9.The forest is becoming ______ because more trees are planted every year. A. greener and greener B. green and green C. more and more green D. greenest 三、语法填空 Changing Amazon According to a new study, the Amazon Rainforest may become grassland in a few years. The Amazon Rainforest is the world’s 1.____________(big) rainforest. Climate change and human 2.____________(activity) make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix 3.____________ (it). But now, it feels too “tired”to get better. The trees may die and the rainforest could turn into a hot,dry grassland. Why is the Amazon “sick” The Amazon Rainforest is one of the 4.___________ (wet) places on earth. But since 2005. three droughts have hit the rainforest. Scientists 5.________ (discover) that the changing environment caused these droughts. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s 6.____________ (bad), as they become dry, they can 7.____________ (easy) catch fire. On top of this, people cut down rainforest trees 8.____________ wood (木材). They burn the forest to make farmland. All these actions have caused about 17% of the rainforest to disappear. What will happen if we lose it The Amazon Rainforest is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. If the Amazon Rainforest “dies”, there will be more CO2 and our earth will become even 9.____________ (hot). The Amazon Rainforest is also home to about 3 million animals 10.____________ plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They will very likely just disappear. (
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书面表达：
旅游景点
) 　 近日，某英文公众号正在做关于“走遍中国”系列的推送，现就“最受欢迎旅游景点”这一话题收集素材。假如你是李八年级下单元同步教学内容T(U4 The Wonders of Nature)C(adj./adv.比较级&最高级)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
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同步知识梳理
)（大脑放电影~） 八下Unit 4基础知识梳理 类别课标考点要求词 汇 攻 关1.wonder n.奇观，惊叹 v.琢磨，想知道，感到诧异→wonderful adj.精彩的，绝妙的 2. desert n.沙漠，荒原 3. measurement n.数量，测量→measure v.测量 n.措施→measurable adj.可测量的 4. below prep.&adv.在.....下面(不接触)，低于→(反)above prep.&adv.在...上面(不接触)，高于 5. level n.高度，水平，程度→sea level 海平面 6. surface n.表面，表层→on the surface of... 在...的表面 7. depth n.深度，纵深→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地 8. dive v.&n.潜水，跳水，俯冲→diver n.潜水员，跳水者→go diving 去潜水 9. submersible n.潜水艇 10. unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的→usual adj.通常的→usually adv.通常→an unusual thing 一件不同寻常的事→as usual 像往常一样 11. bottom n.底部，最下部→at the bottom of... 在...的底部 12. waterfall n.瀑布 13. civilization n.文明→civilize v.教化，使开化 14. development n.发展，壮大→develop v.发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的 15. cubic adj.立方的→cube n.立方体→cubic meter 立方米 16. mile n.英里 17. pool n.池塘，水坑 18. climber n.攀登者，登山者→climb v.爬，攀登 19. northern adj.北部的，向北的→north n.北方 20. distance n.距离→distant adj.遥远的 21. survive v.生存，存活，艰难度过→survivor n.幸存者→survival n.生存，幸存 22. condition n.环境，条件，状态 23. degree n.度，度数，程度，学位 24. cliff n.悬崖，峭壁→pl.cliffs 25. changeable adj.可能变化的，易变的，常变的→change v./n.改变，变化 26. death n.死亡，毁灭，破灭→die v.死→dead adj.死的→dying adj.快死的 27. determined adj.有决心的，坚决的→determine v.决定→determination n.决心，决定→determine to do sth.=be determined to do sth. 决定做某事 28. above prep.&adv.在(......)上方(不接触)；高于→(反)below prep.&adv.在(.....)下面；低于 29. teammate n.同队队友，队友 30. shoulder n.肩膀，肩部(可数)→shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 31. ladder n.梯子，阶梯，途径32. measure v.测量，量度为 n.措施，度量单位→measurement n.测量，数量→take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 33. successfully adv.成功地，顺利地→successful adj.成功的→success n.成功，成功的人或事→succeed v.成功→succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事 34. risk v.使...冒风险(或面临危险) n.危险，风险→risky adj.有风险的→take a risk to do sth.=take risks to do sth. 冒险做某事→risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 35. curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲→curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地 36. ambition n.追求的目标，野心，雄心→ambitious adj.有抱负的，野心勃勃的 37. explorer n.探险者，勘探者→explore v.探索 38. simply adv.仅仅，只，简单地→simple adj.简单的 39. risky adj.有风险的→risk v.冒险 n.风险 40. southern adj.南部的，向南的→south n.南方 41. located adj.位于，坐落在→locate v.确定...的位置→location n.位置→be located in... 位于.... 42. freshwater adj.淡水的，淡水中生长的 43. type n.类型，种类 v.打字 44. attract v.吸引，招引→attraction n.吸引，有吸引力的事物→attracted adj.被吸引的→attractive adj.有吸引力的 45. curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇 46. traveller n.旅行者，游客→travel v./n.旅行→travel around the world=travel all over the world 环游世界 47. natural adj.自然的，天然的，天生的→nature n.自然 48. reef n.礁，礁脉 49. underwater adj.水下的，用于水下的 adv.在水下 50. northeastern adj.东北的，东北方向的→northeast n.东北方 51. coast n.海岸，海滨 52. coral n.珊瑚，珊瑚虫 53. include v.包含，包括→including prep.包含，包括 54. sand n.沙子 55. alive adj.活着的，在世的，有活力→live v.居住 56. structure n.结构(体)；构造；体系 57. turtle n.海龟，鬼 58. lifetime n.一生，终身→in one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中短 语 归 纳square kilometer/kilometre 平方千米 at all costs 不惜任何代价 cubic meter 立方米 bit by bit 一点一点地，逐渐地 connect with nature 和自然联系 be amazing about nature 对自然感到惊叹 in the world 在世界上 on earth 在地球上，究竟 in the ocean 在海洋里 below sea level 在海平面以下 9000,000 square kilometers in size 尺寸为9000,000平方千米 the deep sea 深海 the wonders of nature 自然界的奇迹 dive into 潜入；跳入；全身心投入 the bottom of the sea 海底 be important to 对......重要 the longest river 最长的河 by the way 顺便说一下 learn about 了解；学习 both..and..… 既......又...；两者都 the development of .....的发展 ancient civilizations 古代文明 would like to know 想知道 as well as 和；也；除……之外 one of the greatest wonders 其中一个最伟大的奇迹 pour down 倾泻；流下 go on 继续；进行 louder and louder 越来越响 at the top of 在.....顶部 between...and... 在...和...之间(两者) reach the top 到达顶部 feel like 感觉像；想要 be able to 能够 deal with 处理；应对 fall to -30 degrees 降至零下30度 thin air 稀薄的空气 37. high cliffs 高耸的悬崖 38. changeable weather 多变的天气 39. be determined to do sth. 决定做某事40. arrive at 到达+小地点 41. above sea level 海平面以上 42. so...that... 如此....以至于.... 43. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 44. on sb’s shoulders 在某人的肩膀上 45. pull sb. up 把某人往上拉 46. make it past the second step 成功通过第二台阶 47. for the first time 第一次 48. do research 做研究 49. bring sth. to.... 把某物带到..….… 50. use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事 51. much faster 快得多 52. as sb. put(s) it 正如某人所说 53. how far 多远 54. how often 多久一次 55. start to do/doing sth. 开始做某事 56. located in 位于（大地点/内部） 57. located on 位于（表面/上面） 57. from...to... 从...到... 58. different types of 不同类型的 59. after all 毕竟，终究 60. take up 占据；开始从事 61. coral reef 珊瑚礁 62. the dream of a lifetime一生的梦想 63. ride a bike or horse骑自行车或马 64. the lungs of earth 地球之肺 65. the large variety of 种类繁多的 66. give a report 做报告 67. pay attention to 注意；关注 68. make comparisons 做比较 69. talk about sth.谈论；讨论某事 70. make achievements 取得成就 71. a magical experience 一段奇妙的经历 72. unusual abilities 不同寻常的能力 73. risk one’s life to do sth. 冒着某人的生命危险去做某事 74. a strong mind 坚强的意志 75. only if 只有 76. as quickly as sb. can 尽可能快=as quickly as possible 77. right before our eyes就在眼前 78. each second 每秒重 点 句 型Is that the longest river in China 那是中国最长的河吗 It travels the farthest and is about 6300 kilometers long. 它(长江)流的最远，大约六千三百千米。 By the way, do you know why it's called the Yellow River 顺便说一下，你知道它为什么叫黄河吗？ Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. 尼罗河和黄河都帮助古代文明发展。 It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be shopped.这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心无法被抑制。 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 对大部分人来说，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。 People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. 人们说那高度太高了，连鸟儿也无法到达那里。
八下 Unit 4重要知识解析 考点1：The Wonders of Nature! 自然奇观 【名师解析】wonder / w nd (r)/ n.奇观；惊叹 v.琢磨；想知道；感到诧异→wonderful adj.精彩的，绝妙的 【用法总结】☆名词用法：n.[C] 奇观；奇迹 ①It’s no wonder that...=No wonder that... 难怪.....; .....不足为奇 ②It’s a wonder that... 奇怪的是.../令人惊讶的是..... ③work/do wonders 创造奇迹；产生良好的效果 ④the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇观 ⑤in wonder 惊奇地 Eg. The Grand Canyon is one of the natural wonders of the world. 科罗拉多大峡谷是世界自然奇观之一。 △动词1用法：v.琢磨；想知道（相当于 want to know） ①wonder who/what/when/if/whether等引导的宾语从句 ②wonder+疑问词+动词不定式to do Eg. If you study physics, you wonder why light travels faster than sound. 如果你学习物理，你会想知道为什么光比声音传播速度快。 △动词2用法：v.感到诧异 wonder at sth. 对某事感到诧异 Eg. I wondered at her beautiful singing.她优美的歌声让我惊讶。 【考点抢测】1. The pyramids in Egypt are one of the most famous ___________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 2. I _________ (wonder) if you could help me solve this math problem just now. 3. We looked at the beautiful sunset in __________ (wonder). 4. He wondered _________ the sky turned red suddenly, so he asked his teacher for the answer. 5. It is such a ____________(wonder) performance that we don’t want to leave after __________(see) it. 6. If you wonder how ___________(solve) the problem, you can connect _______ me at any time. Keys:1.wonders; 2.wondered; 3.wonder; 4. why; 5.wonderful, seeing; 6.to solve, with 考点2：amazing nature: 神奇的大自然 【认一认】There are many amazing places in the world. Do you know them Angel Falls Mariana Trench Dead Sea / /the deepest point in the oceanthe lowest place on earthabout 11,000 meters deep416 metres below sea level Mount Qomolangma Sahara Desert Nile Riverthe highest mountain in the world the biggest desert in the world the longest river in the world 8848.86 meters highabout 9000,000 square kilometers in size6671 kilometers long
考点3：about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size. 面积约 900 万平方千米 【名师解析1】square n.广场；正方形；平方 adj.正方形的；平方的 →square kilometer 平方千米；square metre/mile 平方米 / 英里 【名师解析2】in size 在尺寸上；在大小方面，考查：“主语+be+数值+单位+in+对应名词”结构。 【拓展】长、宽、高、深、面积的表达方法： Eg. 300 square kilometers in size=have/cover an area of 300 square kilometers 【拓展延伸】作定语时用合成词“数词-单位词单数–形容词”。 Eg. This 20-meter-long rope isn’t long enough to help climb the mountain. 【填空&翻译】 ①我们的工厂占地5平方千米。 Our factory covers an area of five___________________. ②请在纸上画一个正方形。 Please draw __________ on the paper. ③The park is 10,000 square meters _________ size. Keys:①square kilometers; ②a square; ③in 考点4：Learn to read numbers.学会读数字 【名师解析】在英语中，对于万以上的数字，我们该如何表达呢？这就要记住英语数字读法特点。例如： 【总结】1. 三位数读法： 三位数：百位数字 + hundred + and + 十位和个位（十位若是0，直接读个位） Eg. 416 four hundred and sixteen 367 three hundred and sixty seven 509 five hundred and nine 四位数读法： 四位数：千位数 + thousand + 后面三位数（小数部分逐个读出数字） Eg. 5895 five thousand, eight hundred and ninety five 五位数读法：11,000 eleven thousand 六位数读法：259,613 two hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirteen 七位数读法：9,000,000 nine million 【注意】大数字读法： 从右往左，三位一截 每截都按三位数读 截完加单位：billion / thousand / million and 用在百十间 【练一练】写出或读出下列数字。 48forty-eight848eight hundred and forty-eight8,848eight thousand eight hundred and forty-eight8,848.86eight thousand eight hundred and forty-eight point eight six90ninety900nine hundred9,000nine thousand900,000nine hundred thousand9,000,000nine million9,613nine thousand six hundred and thirteen59,613fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirteen59,613.78fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirteen point seven eight259,613two hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirteen2,674two thousand six hundred and seventy-four164,213,430one hundred and sixty-four million, two hundred and thirteen thousand, four hundred and thirty18,357,089 eighteen million, three hundred and fifty-seven thousand, and eighty-nine28,656twenty-eight thousand, six hundred and fifty-six 40,424,000forty million, four hundred and twenty-four thousand
考点5：416 metres below sea level 低于海平面 416 米 【名师解析1】below 作介词，意为 “在（或到）…… 下面；少于；低于”；作副词，意为 “在（或到）下面”，单独使用。→反义词：prep.&adv.在...上方，高于above 【辨析】below 与 under below侧重指位置在下方，不接触，不强调垂直关系，也可表示数量、程度等的 “低于”。under侧重指垂直方向的 “在……正下方”，不接触，还可表示 “在…… 管辖下”
Eg. The river below the bridge is very wide.桥下面的河很宽。 The temperature is below zero today.今天的气温在零度以下。 Please write your name on the line below.请把你的名字写在下面的横线上。 【名师解析2】level作名词，意为 “高度；水平；程度”，为可数名词。 【短语搭配】sea level 海平面 at the same level 在同一水平，同一层次 a high/low level of.. ....的高/低水平 【练一练】 用below/under填空 The temperature is __________ zero today, so it it very cold. The cat is lying ___________ the table. Please write your name on the line ____________. 综合检测 Dead Sea is 434.16 meters ____________(在...以下) sea __________(水平，高度). They are playing football at __________ same _____________(水平). Look! A plane is flying ____________(在...上面) our heads. Keys:一1.below; 2.under; 3.below; 二1.below, level; 2.the, level; 3.above 考点6：Deepest dive of a whale 鲸鱼下潜的最大深度 【名师解析1】dive /da v/v.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲→diver n.潜水员；跳水运动员→diving n./adj.跳水运动；潜水的 【短语搭配】dive down 潜入；下潜；俯冲 dive into 跳入；潜入；全身心投入 【对点导练】 那个男人跳入河中去救溺水的小孩。 The man _____________ the river to save the drowning child. 他做了个漂亮的跳水动作。 He made _____________________. Keys:1.dived into; 2.a beautiful dive 考点7：Why people are researching the deep sea 为什么人们要研究深海 【名师解析】research v. & n.研究;调查→researcher n.研究者，调查人员 research sth. 调查某事/物 do research into/on sth.对某事进行研究(研究方向) 【对点导练】 The students do ______________(研究) on wild plants in the mountain every summer. 他为论文研究了欧洲国家的环保政策。 He _________________environmental policies in European countries for his thesis. Keys:1.research; 2.did research on/into 考点8：Some animals have unusual abilities. 有些动物拥有非凡的能力。 【名师解析】unusual adj.不同寻常的→(反)usual adj.寻常的→usually adv.通常 【拓展】an unusual experience一个不寻常的经历；as usual 向往常一样 【练一练】1. I ____________(通常) get up at 7:00 in the morning. 2.It is ____________(不同寻常的) for him to be late for school. He is always on time. 3. __________ usual, she went to the library after class. 4. This is _________ unusual story, so all the children like it very much. 5. It is ___________(不寻常的) to see snow in this warm city. Keys:1.usually; 2.unusual; 3.As; 4.an; 5.unusual 考点9：What is the bottom of the deep sea like 深海底部是什么样子的呢 【名师解析】bottom名词，意为“底部； 最下部”. 【常见用法】at the bottom of：在…… 的底部→(反)at the top of在......顶部 from top to bottom：从上到下；彻底地 from the bottom of one's heart：由衷地，从心底里 【牛刀小试】1. It took them six hours to reach the ____________(底部) of the mountain. 2.There is a fish _______ the bottom of the pool. Keys:1.bottom; 2.at 考点10：By the way, do you know why it's called the Yellow River 顺便说一下，你知道它为什么叫黄河吗 【名师解析】way 作为名词,主要有以下几个意思： a) 方法、方式、手段：表示“做某事的方法”或“某事发生的方式”。后面通常接 to do sth. 或 of doing sth.； in this way 用这种方式 b) 路、道路、路线：指具体的道路，或者从一处到另一处的路线。如：on the way (to...) 在去...的路上 c) 方面、点：指某个特定的方面或细节。 d) 距离、路程：表示空间上的距离或时间上的间隔。 e) 情形、状态：常用于固定短语，表示某人处于某种状态。 【常见介词短语与固定搭配】 on the way在路上in the way / in one's way 挡路、妨碍by the way顺便说一下in a way / in one way在某种程度上in no way绝不out of the way不挡路；偏僻的；处理掉no way没门儿；不可能in this/that way 用这种/那种方式all the way 一路上，自始至终make one’s way 前往lose one’s way 迷路give way 让步，让路
【辨析】way &method &manner way：最通用，可替代另外两个。That's just his way. method：有系统性、条理性的方法，强调步骤，体系，效率。scientific method (科学方法) manner：指做事的“态度”或“行为方式”。in a polite manner (以礼貌的方式) 【对点导练】 This is a good way ____________(improve) your spoken English. We should find a better way of ____________(solve) this problem. On the way __________ school, the little girl saw an accident. We can save plenty of time _________ this way. 顺便说一下, 我明天要去北京出差。 _______ ________ ________, I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow. Keys:1. to improve; 2.solving; 3.to; 4.in; 5.By the way 考点11：Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop.尼罗河和黄河都帮助古代文明发展。 【名师解析1】both 意为“两个，两者都”，既可作形容词，也可用作代词，常位于be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。both...and... 意为“.....和.....都；既.....又.....”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。 Eg. Both Tom and Jim are(be) my good friends. 鲍勃和吉姆都是我的好朋友。 【名师解析2】develop v.发展；培养；开发→developed adj.发达的→developing adj.发展中的→development n.发展；壮大 【用法搭配】with the development of... 随着……的发展 economic development 经济发展 【典型练习】 1. Both my brother _________ I like watching cartoons. 2. The two girls are ___________(两者都) good at swimming. 3. _________ the development of the Internet, people can communicate more ___________(easy). 4. Japan is a _____________(develop) country, while India is a _____________(develop) one. 5. Both of us ____________(be) going to the park this weekend. 6. Our lives are becoming better and ____________(good) because of the country’s fast _____________(发展). Keys:1.and; 2.both; 3.With, easily; 4.developed, developing; 5.are; 6.better, development 考点12：We should protect them at all costs. 我们应该不惜任何代价保护他们。 【名师解析1】protect v.保护→protection n.保护 【用法搭配】protect sb./sth. from/against sth. 保护...免受...的伤害 Eg. We should protect the environment from pollution. 我们应该保护环境免受污染。 【名师解析2】此处cost用作名词，意为“成本，代价”。cost也可用作动词，意为“花费”，过去式/过去分词都为cost。 【短语搭配】at all costs 不惜任何代价=at any cost/no matter what the cost is at the cost of... 以...为代价 【辨析】spend，take，cost，pay 动词词义主语句型take花时间事情/通常为itIt takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。cost花钱物sth. cost(s) sb. +钱 某物花了某人多少钱pay付费人sb. pay(s) some money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱 pay for sb.“替某人付款。spend花（时间/钱）人sb. spend(s) time/money on sth.某人在某物上花了多少钱/时间 sb. spend(s) time/money (in) doing sth.某人花时间/钱做某事
【典型练习】 We should ____________(保护) the endangered animals ________ all costs. Parents always try their best to protect their children ___________ danger. It’s very important for us to take measures for the environmental _____________(protect). This book ___________(花费) me 15 yuan just now. He usually spends two hours ____________(read) his favorite novels. You need to pay 100 dollars _________ the meal. It takes me 20 minutes __________(walk) to school. The __________(成本) of living in big cities is very high. Keys:1.protect, at; 2.from; 3.protection; 4.cost; 5.reading; 6.for; 7.to walk; 8.cost 考点13: On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky.在地球上最高的地方，你会感觉自己仿佛能触摸到天空。 【名师解析】feel like意为“给......的感觉;感受到”,后常接名词(短语)或从句。 ☆feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. Eg. She feels like going for a walk along the river.= She wants / would like to go for a walk along the river.她想沿河散步。 【练一练】 1. I feel like ___________(drink) a cup of hot tea _______ cold days. 2. She wants ____________(go) shopping this weekend.=She would like ___________(go) shopping this weekend. 3. After what I felt _________ forever, it suddenly stopped. Keys:1.drinking, on; 2.to go, to go; 3.like 考点14: That is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.那仅仅是在他们能够先挺过恶劣条件的情况下。 【名师解析1】only if 意为“只有.....(才)；只有在....的时候”。副词only是中心词，从属连词if用于连接从句。 Eg. I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard. 我告诉他，他只有努力才能成功。 【注意】当only if置于句首时，主句须部分倒装，即将助动词提前。 【名师解析2】survive作动词，意为 “生存；存活；艰难度过”，为及物或不及物动词→survival n.生存；幸存→survivor n.幸存者 【短语搭配】 survive on sth. 依靠某物生存 survive from ... 从…… 中幸存 Eg. animals survive on grass in the grassland.草原上的动物依靠草生存。 【名师解析3】condition作名词，意为 “状态；境况”，作 “状态” 讲时为不可数名词，作 “境况；条件” 讲时为可数名词. 【短语搭配】in good/bad condition 状态良好 / 糟糕 living conditions 生活条件 on the condition that+从句 条件是 Eg. The old house is still in good condition. 这栋老房子依然状态良好。 【练一练】 You can get good grades only _________ you study hard every day. The little boy ___________(生存) from the big earthquake in 2008. Although they are in a bad _____________(条件，状况), they are still able ____________(survive). Keys:1.if; 2.survived; 3.condition, to survive 考点15: Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. 1960 年以前，还没有人能从北坡登上珠穆朗玛峰。 【名师解析1】☆reach 作为动词, 既可以作及物动词（直接跟宾语），也可以作不及物动词。 a) 到达某地 (及物) 这是最基础的用法，表示“抵达某个地点”。注意，它后面直接跟地点名词，不需要加介词（与 arrive in/at 不同）。 Eg. We reached Beijing at 8 p.m. 我们晚上8点到达北京。 b) 达到某个数量、水平或阶段 (及物)表示“达到（某个点、数量、程度、年龄等）”。 Eg. He has reached the age of retirement. 他已到了退休年龄。 c) 够到、伸手触及 (及物)表示“伸手（或脚）能够到某物”。 Eg. She is too short to reach the pedals. 她个子太矮，踩不到踏板。 d) 与某人取得联系 (及物)引申为“联系上某人”，通常指通过电话等方式。 Eg. You can reach me at this number. 你可以打这个号码找到我。 e) 延伸、伸展 (不及物):表示某物在空间或时间上“延伸、扩展”。 Eg. The forest reaches as far as the river. 森林一直延伸到河边。 △reach 作名词, 通常指“范围”、“可及的距离”或“河段”。 a) 伸手可及的距离 常用搭配：within reach 在够得着的范围内、out of reach 够不着、beyond reach 超出范围。 b) 影响范围、能力范围 引申为某人的能力、权力或影响力所能达到的范围。 This problem is beyond the reach of my imagination. 这个问题超出了我的想象范围。 【常见短语搭配】 reach out (to sb.)：伸出手；主动联系/伸出援手 reach for：伸手去拿；努力争取 within arm's reach：在手边，伸手可及 【辨析】三个“到达”reach, arrive&get 单词词性用法使用场景例句reach及物动词直接接地点通用，正式/口语皆可reach Beijing (到北京)arrive不及物动词大地点用in，小地点用at较正式，书面/口语通用arrive in Beijing (大)arrive at the station (小)get不及物动词加to (get to + 地点)最口语化，日常聊天get to Beijing
【注意】当到达的地方是“home, here, there, abroad”时，必须省略介词。如：get home 到家 【名师解析2】northern / n n/ adj.北部的；向北的→north n.北方，北部 【构词法】由名词 north（北；北方）+ 后缀 -ern 构成 同类拓展：east 东方→eastern东方的；东部的 west 西方→ western西方的；西部的 south 南方→ southern南方的；南部的 【对点导练】 1.The city is in the ____________(north) part of China, so it’s cold in winter. 2.The __________ (west) part of the country is famous for its beautiful mountains. 3.The city lies in the ___________(南方) of the country.=The city lies in the ____________(south) part of the country. 4. As we all know, the sun rises in the ___________(东方) and sets in the ___________(西方). 5. We ___________(到达) at the bus stop at 8:00 yesterday morning. 6. Do you know how I can get _________ the museum 7. If you ___________(到达) the top of the mountain, you will have a different view. 8. The box is so high that the kid can’t ____________(够到). Keys:1.northern; 2.western; 3.south, southern; 4.east, west; 5.arrived; 6.to; 7.reach; 8. reach 考点16: Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”,but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.登山者甚至称这条路为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心要攀登这条路。 【名师解析1】death /deθ/ n.死亡；毁灭；破灭 【易混辨析】 单词词性词义用法说明death名词死亡在句中作主语或宾语。die动词死作谓语非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。dead形容词死的与be动词连用，作定语或表语，表示状态；be dead 可与一段时间连用。dying形容词快死的die的ing形式，也是adj.作定语，the dying 指“临终者，垂死者”。
【语境例句】The old man lies in bed, thinking of his 1._______army comrades. They 2.______ for the liberation of the people. It is a worthy 3.______. His 4.______wish is to see his living army comrades.这位老人躺在床上,想起他死去的战友。他们为人民的解放事业而死,死得其所。他的临终心愿是去看看他仍然健在的战友。 Keys:1.dead; 2.died; 3.death; 4.dying 【名师解析2】determined 作形容词，意为 “有决心的；坚决的”→determine v.决定；下决心→determination n.决心；坚定 【短语搭配】determine to do sth.=be determined to do sth.=decide to do sth. 决定做某事 【对点导练】 The ___________(die) of his pet dog made him very sad. He was sad about his pet dog’s ____________(die). The old man is ___________(die), so we should send him to the hospital at once. She is determined ____________(become) a successful doctor in the future. To our surprise, the lovely dog __________(die) suddenly because of yesterday’s traffic accident. The photo often reminds him _________ his __________(die) friends. If you make the ______________(determine), you should try your best ___________(do) it well. Keys:1.death; 2.death; 3.dying; 4.to become; 5.died; 6.of, dead; 7.determination, to do 考点17: It was 8,600 meters above sea level. 海拔8600米的高度。 【名师解析】above作介词，表示“在··之上，超过：高于，优于，胜于”；作副词，意为“在上面，向上面；在上文”；作形容词，意为“上文的，前述的”。 【辨析】on, above, over 单词意思例句on“在某物上面”（两者接触）There is a book on the table.above“在某物上方”（未必在正上方。与below相对，两者不接触)。The moon is now above the trees.over“在某物正上方”（两者不接触。与under相对)The bridge is over the river.
【对点导练】 单项选择 There is a picture __________ the wall, and a clock __________ the picture. on; above B. above; on C. on; over D. above; over The plane is flying __________ the clouds, and the bird is standing ________ the branch(树枝). over; on B. above; on C. on; above D. above; over The mountain is 20000 meters ___________ sea level. on B. over C. above D. at 翻译填空 桥在河的上方。The bridge is __________ the river. 书在桌子上。The book is ________ the desk. 温度在零度以上。The temperature is __________ zero. Keys:1.(1)C (2)B (3)C 2.(1)over (2)on (3)above 考点18: Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step.登山者们一点一点地往上爬，终于越过了第二步。 【名师解析】bit by bit 意为 “一点一点地；逐渐地”，为副词性短语，在句中作状语，可置于句首、句中或句末。 Eg. Bit by bit, he learned how to play the piano.他一点一点地学会了弹钢琴。 【辨析】bit by bit与little by little 二者均表示 “逐渐地；一点一点地”，含义基本相同，可互换使用。 bit by bit 更侧重“分步、一点点完成”； little by little 更侧重 “缓慢的变化过程”. Little by little, the child began to speak.孩子慢慢开始说话了。 He finished the puzzle bit by bit.他一点一点地拼好了拼图。
【对点导练】 We finished the hard work bit ______ bit and finally made ________. We solved the problem bit by _________(一点一点地). He went to the library __________(borrow) a book about science. Keys:1.by, it; 2.bit; 3.to borrow 考点19: Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail.有些登山者成功登顶，但也有许多登山者失败。 【名师解析1】successfully adv.成功地→succeed v.成功→success n.成功；成功的人或事→successful adj.成功的 【名师解析2】fail v.失败，不及格，未能做到→failure n.失败 【常用搭配】①fail to do sth. 未能做成某事 ②fail in sth. 在某事上失败 ③Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 【对点导练】1.He finished the project ______________(successful), and everyone was proud ________ him. 2.To my surprise, she is a ______________(success) businesswoman. 3. ___________ she tried her best, she failed ___________(pass) the exam. 4.After ___________(climb) the mountain several times, he finally ____________(成功) in reaching the top. 5. _______ a saying goes, “____________(fail) is mother of success.” Keys:1.successfully, of; 2.successful; 3.Although/Though, to pass; 4.climbing, succeeded; 5.As, Failure 考点20: Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world 为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰 【名师解析】risk作动词，意为 “使……冒风险（或面临危险）”；作名词，意为 “危险；风险”→risky adj.有风险的 【短语搭配】①take a risk=take risks 冒险 ②risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 ③risk one’s life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 ④at risk 处于风险中 Eg. He is brave enough to take a risk.他足够勇敢，敢于冒险。 They risked losing their jobs to speak out.他们冒着失去工作的风险直言不讳。 【对点导练】 The firemen risk ___________(they) lives ___________(save) the people in the fire. He risked ___________(lose) his job to help me. I don’t think you need to take ____________(风险). It’s such a __________(risk) job that his parents don’t agree. Keys:1.their, to save; 2.losing; 3.risks; 4.risky 考点21: It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心无法被抑制。 【名师解析】curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心 ☆形容词用法：①be curious about sth. 对某事感到好奇 ②be curious to do sth. 对做某事感到好奇 △名词用法：out of curiosity 出于好奇 【拓展】关于“好奇心”的谚语：Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心害死猫。(过度的好奇心可能会导致不好的后果) 【对点导练】 —Why is he late —It is __________ he got up late. Children are always curious __________ the world around them. She is a girl full of ___________(好奇心) and always asks questions. There is a sound from the dark room. The little boy is so ___________(好奇的) that he wants to see what’s inside. As long as I am determined ___________(achieve) a goal, nothing can stop my ____________(雄心). Keys:1.because; 2.about; 3.curiosity; 4.curious; 5.to achieve, ambition 考点22: Located on the northeastern coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing places to visit. 大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北海岸，是最令人惊叹的游览胜地之一。 【名师解析1】on the coast (of...) 在（……）海岸上 along the coast 沿海 Eg. Many beautiful cities are on the coast of China. 许多美丽的城市都在中国沿海海岸上。 There are many wonderful beaches along the coast. 沿海一带有很多很棒的海滩。 【名师解析2】本句中动词不定式 to visit 作后置定语，修饰 places。被修饰词 places 作动词 visit 的宾语。 动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的后面。如果动词不定式与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，且构成不定式的动词是不及物动词，须加上相应的介词。 Eg. I have a lot of homework to do every day. 我每天有很多作业要做。 The little girl has no friends to play with after school. 这个小女孩放学后没有朋友可以一起玩。 【对点导练】 一、单项选择 1. There are many small towns ______ the coast of the island. A. on B. along C. in D. at 2. We will drive ______ the coast and enjoy the scenery. A. on B. along C. in D. at 3. I have a lot of clothes ______ today. A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed 4. The old man has no one ______ with. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 二、完成句子 1.青岛位于中国的东海岸。 Qingdao is ______ the eastern coast of China. 2.沿海有很多美丽的村庄。 There are many beautiful villages ______ the coast. 3.我有一些有趣的书可以读。I have some interesting books _____________. 4.这个男孩没有伙伴一起玩. The boy doesn’t have partners ____________________. Keys:一1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 二1.on 2.along 3.to read 4.to play with 考点23: It takes up an area of 345.000 square kilometers and includes many islands and white sand beaches.它占地面积达34.5万平方公里，包含众多岛屿和白色沙滩。 【名师解析1】take up意为“学着做；从事；开始做”，其后常跟名词或动词ing形式作宾语。 Eg. Scientists have taken up a new subject.科学家们开始研究一个新的课题。 The man has taken up farming for twenty years.这个男人从事农业二十年了。 【注意】 （1）take up还可意为“占据（空间）；占用（时间）” Eg. I won't take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你的时间了。 （2）take up还意为“继续讲述，接着讲”。 Eg. The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday.老师从昨天没讲完的课开始讲。 【拓展】 与take有关的其他短语：take care of 照顾；take away 拿走，带走；take out 取出，拿出； take down 写下，记下； take on 承担，呈现；take off 脱下，起飞，成功；take over 接管；take in 吸收，理解； take back 收回；take after 像；take part in 参加；take place 发生； take pride in 为...骄傲；take action 采取行动； take notes 记笔记； take a walk 散步；take a+交通工具 乘坐.. 【名师解析2】include及物动词，意为“包括；包含”，指整体中包含某部分内容。不用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语，不可接动词不定式。 Eg. My job includes answering emails and helping customers. 我的工作包括回复邮件和帮助顾客。 【辨析】included与including included形容词包括在内的一般位于名词或代词后面，作后置定语including介词包括...在内后跟名词或代词，常在句中作状语，用于对主句的补充说明。通常放在被包含事物的前面。
Eg. Eight people came to the party, including my little sister. 八个人来参加了聚会，包括我的小妹妹。 Eight people came to the party, my little sister included. 八个人来参加了聚会，我的小妹妹也在内 【对点导练】 一、用include的正确形式填空。 1. Ten students went hiking, ____________ my best friend Lily. 2. Ten students went hiking, my best friend Lily ____________. 3. The price of the trip ____________round-trip tickets and hotel stays. 4. The family has many hobbies, ____________ swimming, hiking and painting. 5. The list of participants is long, and my name is ____________ too. Keys:1. including；2. included；3. includes；4. including；5. included 二、用 take 相关短语填空 1. The plane will take ____________ in ten minutes. 2. We should take ______________ our parents when they are old. 3. His parents take ______________ his success in the competition. 4. She will take ______ the company when her father retires. 5. All the students will take ______________ the sports meeting. Keys:1. take off 2. take care of 3. takes pride in 4. take over 5. take part in 根据句意或中文提示填写单词的正确形式。 The course _____________(包含) three parts: listening, speaking and writing. 2. He has taken up ______________(play) the guitar since he was 10 years old. 3. She ___________(take) up jogging to keep fit last year. 4. Please don't take __________ too much of my time and space. 5. The room has many things, _____________(include) a bed, a table, some books and so on. Keys:1.includes; 2.playing; 3.took; 4.up; 5.including 考点24: The Great Barrier Reef is also alive! 大堡礁也是充满生机的！ 【名师解析】alive作形容词，意为 “活着；在世；有活力”，常作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语，不能作前置定语。 come alive 热闹起来；有精神起来 Eg. The party began to come alive when music and songs started.当音乐和歌声响起时，派对开始热闹起来。 bring sth. alive 使……有趣；变得有生气 Eg. A good teacher can bring a lesson alive and make students interested in it.一位好老师能让课堂变得生动有趣，让学生爱上学习。 【辨析】alive、living与lively aliveadj.活着的；在世的；有活力的常作表语，放在系动词后；也可作后置定语，多修饰人，也可修饰物。livingadj.活着的，现存的作定语或表语，可修饰人或物。livelyadj.活泼的，生气勃勃的，生动的作定语或表语，形容人/课堂/气氛等很活跃。
Eg. The fish is still alive in the water. 这条鱼在水里仍然活着。 All living things need water and air to stay alive. 所有生物都需要水和空气才能生存。 Our English teacher always makes her class lively and interesting. 我们的英语老师总是让课堂生动活泼、有趣。 【对点导练】用alive/living/lively的适当形式填空 1. The little girl has a ______ personality and gets along well with everyone. 2. The doctor said that the patient was still ______ after the successful operation. 3. We should try to keep our class ______ and interesting. 4. This is a ______ creature that can be found in the deep sea. 5. The story of the hero brought the historical event ______ for the students. Keys:1.lively 2. alive 3. lively 4. living 5. alive 考点25: If you visit it, you will see the largest living structure on earth. 如果你游览这里，你会看到地球上最大的生物构造。 【名师解析】if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来。 Eg. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the early bus. 如果你不快点，你就会错过早班车。 【拓展】if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。 Eg.I want to know if he will come to my birthday party. 我想知道他是否会来我的生日派对 【对点导练】 一、单项选择 1. If you ______ hard, you ______ good grades. A. study; will get B. will study; get C. study; get D. will study; will get 2. I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow. If he ______, I’ll call you. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come 3. If it ______ tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained 4. She wants to know if you ______ to the party next week. A. go B. went C. will go D. goes 5. If you ______ the book, you will learn a lot about history. A. read B. reads C. will read D. reading 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. If you ______ (not hurry), you will be late for the meeting. 2. I wonder if he ______ (join) us in the game this afternoon. 3. If he ______ (have) time tomorrow, he will help you with your homework. 4. She asks if we ______ (visit) the museum next weekend. 5. If it ______ (snow) tomorrow, we will make a snowman. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 如果他邀请我，我就去参加他的婚礼。 ______ he ______ me, I ______ go to his wedding. 2. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。 I don’t know ______ it ______ ______ tomorrow. 3. 如果你努力练习，你的英语口语会越来越好。 If you ______ ______, your spoken English ______ ______ better and better. 4. 她想知道你是否能帮她学数学。 She wants to know ______ you ______ ______ her with her math. 5. 如果我们不保护环境，很多动物会失去家园。 If we ______ ______ the environment, many animals ______ ______ their homes. Keys:一、1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 二、1. don’t hurry 2. will join 3. has 4. will visit 5. snows 三、1. If; invites; will 2. if; will rain 3. practice hard; will be 4. if; can help 5. don’t protect; will lose (
同步题型分析
)（热个身先~~~） 一、根据所给提示完成单词。 1. We love our motherland from the ________(底部)of the heart. 2. The Great Wall in China is one of the greatest man-made ________(奇观)in the world. 3. When the temperature is ________(低于) zero, water turns into ice. 4. The Sahara is one of the largest_________(沙漠)in the world. 5. Through lots of practice, his English __________(水平)improved a lot. 6. The Great Pyramid is a great ___________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 7. We need to get the exact _____________ (测量数据) of the room before buying the carpet. 8. The water __________ (水平面) in the lake is rising because of the heavy rain. 9. The _________ (表面) of the moon is covered with dust and rocks. 10. We took many photos in front of the ____________(瀑布)last weekend. 11. Different ______________(文明)have their own special cultures and traditions. 12. The___________(发展)of science has changed our lives a lot. 13. Yesterday, Jack built a beautiful house on the beach with the ________(沙子). 14. Children are very ________(好奇的)about the world around them. 15.［芜湖期末］My weekly shopping list __________(包括) milk, eggs and bread. 16. Every summer, many tourists come to the ________(海滨) for a vacation. 17. He tried his best to keep the tree ________(活着的), but it died in the end. Keys:1.bottom; 2.wonders; 3.below; 4.deserts; 5.level; 6.wonder; 7.measurement; 8.level; 9.surface; 10.waterfall; 11.civilizations; 12.development; 13.sand; 14.curious; 15.includes; 16.coast; 17.alive; 二、根据单词或句意填单词的适当形式。 1. Let's talk about the natural __________(wonder) in class. 2. He often ________ (share) his stories about traveling with us. 3. The _____________ (measure) of the box is 20 centimetres long. 4. This is one of the ________ (deep) lakes in our country. 5. Mount Qomolangma is the _________ (high) mountain in the world. 6. The Sahara is by far the __________ (large) hot desert on Earth. 7. What’s the __________ (deep) point in the ocean — It’s the Mariana Trench. 8. Scientists use special tools for the __________ (measure) of the trench’s depth. 9. We looked at the stars and __________ (wonder) if there is life in space. 10. We were all ___________(shock) to hear that there is rubbish at the bottom of the ocean. 11. The ___________(deep) of the Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres. 12. Curiosity is one of the ___________(reason) why people explore the deep sea. 13. Many deep-sea animals look ___________(usual) and have special abilities. 14. I find the three girls in the club have different ________ (ability). 15. Among all the students, she got the ____________ (high) grade in the maths exam. 16. In my ________ morning routine, I ________ jog in the park near my home. But yesterday, something __________ happened. A man got hurt suddenly, and luckily someone took him to hospital in time. (usual) 17. A good friend truly cares about you and would like ____________ (do) anything good for you. 18. With the ________________ (develop) of China, people’s lives are better and better. 19. Sun Wukong has a magical stick, and it can change its ________ (long). 20. The man didn’t realize the ________________ (important) of health until he got ill seriously. 21. Bill lives the ________ (far) from the school. He has to get up early to catch the early bus. 22. The city has the second ____________ (large) population in the country. 23. Hongcun Scenic Area in Huangshan City is one of the _____________ (famous) ancient villages in China. 24. We are happy to see our city is developing _____________ (quickly) than before. 25.［扬州中考］The international influence of Yangzhou is getting much ________ (strong) than before. 26. Cindy is as ________ (outgoing) as her mother. They both enjoy talking with others. 27. — Did you know that China is one of___________(old) countries in the world — Yes, I did. It’s much _______(old) than my country. It’s wise of __________ (travel) to carry a map and a guidebook during trips. 29. People in the world should work together to protect the ________ (nature) environment. 30. It’s __________ (risk) to drive at high speed in such heavy fog. 31. I keep three pet __________ (turtle). They like swimming in the tank. 32. In ________ (south) China, people often eat rice as their main food. 33.The hospital is located ______front of the park, so it's easy to find. 34. Our school covers ____________ area of over 10,000 square metres. 35. —How ________ is it from here to your home —It’s about three miles. Keys:1.wonders; 2.shares; 3.measurement; 4.deepest; 5.highest; 6.largest; 7.deepest; 8.measurement; 9.wondered; 10.shocked; 11.depth; 12.reasons; 13.unusual; 14.abilities; 15.highest; 16. usual, usually, unusual; 17.to do; 18.development; 19.length; 2.importance; 21.farthest; 22.largest; 23.most famous; 24.more quickly; 25.stronger; 26.outgoing; 27.the oldest, older; 28.travelers; 29.natural; 30.risky; 31.turtles; 32.southern; 33.in; 34.an; 35.far; 三、方框选词 usual, dive, surface, south, deep
1. The __________ of the lake is as smooth as a mirror on quiet mornings. 2. The bird made a quick __________ from the sky to catch a small worm on the ground. 3. The ____________ of this lake reaches over 80 metres. 4. Betty hopes to give her mother an ____________ gift on her fortieth birthday. 5. The ___________ part of China is warm in winter. Keys:1.surface; 2.dive; 3.depth; 4.unusual; 5.southern bit by bit by the way at all costs deal with for the first time at the top of after all out of curiosity the risk of be determined to
1. ____________, have you finished the homework that the teacher gave us 2. If you don’t follow the traffic rules, you will increase ___________ traffic accidents. 3. I felt very excited and nervous when I visited the famous museum _______________. 4. We can enjoy the beautiful view of the whole town ______________ the high mountain. 5. If you keep trying, you will make progress _____________. 6. Many children like to ask different kinds of questions ______________. 7. We _________________ study hard and make our dreams come true in the future. 8. We must protect our earth and keep our environment clean and safe _____________. 9. He should not be too strict with you. ___________, you are still young. 10. We should learn to ___________ all kinds of problems in our life. Keys:1.By the way; 2.the risk of; 3.for the first time; 4.at the top of; 5.bit by bit; 6.out of curiosity; 7.are determined to; 8.at all costs; 9.After all; 10.deal with freshwater, northeast, coral, lifetime, attract, structure
1. The old bridge’s ___________ was too weak, so engineers built a new bridge beside it. 2. __________ looks like colourful rocks but in fact, it is small sea animals. 3. Lu Xun is a famous writer in China and he wrote hundreds of articles in his __________. 4. Poyang Lake is the largest ____________ lake in China. 5. Harbin, a city in ______________ China, is famous for its Ice and Snow World. 6. As we all know, Luoyang is famous for its peonies. It ___________ millions of visitors from home and abroad every year. Keys:1.structure; 2.Coral; 3.lifetime; 4.freshwater; 5.northeastern; 6.attracts 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。(17分) 1. 这座岛仅高于海平面几米。 The island is only a few metres above ________ ________. 2. 优秀的学习者能将他们正在学的与一些有趣的事物联系起来。 Good learners can ________ what they are learning ________ something interesting. 3.这种动物体型较小，但它的声音很大。 The animal is small ________ ________, but it has a very loud voice. 4.我们学校占地面积超过350000平方米。 Our school has an area of more than 350, 000 ________ ________. 5.［天津模拟］请在你的朋友们到达之前，尽可能快地打扫你的房间。 Please clean your room ____________________________ before your friends arrive. 6. 众所周知，大鲨鱼生活在深海里。 As we all know, big sharks live _____________________. 7.这个湖有多深 _______ _________ is the lake 8.请尽可能快地完成作业! Please finish your homework_______ ____________ _______ you can! 9.地球上最深的点是哪里 Where’s ________ ____________ __________ _________ earth 10. 这些学生想要在博物馆里了解关于古代中国的历史。 The students want to ________ ________ the history of ancient China in the museum. 11.我们将不惜任何代价保护这些宫殿。 We will protect these palaces ________ ________ ________. 12.萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆敲得要好。 ________ Sam ________ Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 13.我今天下午要去超市。顺便问一下，你需要什么吗？ I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. ________ ________ ________, do you need anything 14.对古代文明的研究有助于我们理解社会是如何随着时间发展的。 The study of ________ _____________ helps us understand how societies developed over time. 15.运动中心的游泳池可以装800立方米的水。 The swimming pool in the sports centre can hold 800 ________ ________ of water. 16.互联网在我们的生活中变得越来越重要。 The Internet is getting _______________________________ in our lives. 17.他们偶尔去爬山以亲近大自然。 They go mountain climbing from time to time to get ________ ________ nature. 18.我在山顶欣赏日出。它的美丽使我激动地跳了起来。 I enjoyed the sunrise _______ ______ _______ _______ the mountain. Its beauty made me jump in excitement. 19.目之所及，绿色的山丘绵延数英里。 ________ ________ ________ the eye can see, the green hills run for ________. 20.去年夏天，我去了一个坐落在我们省南部的山村旅游。 Last summer, I travelled to a mountain village ________ ________ the south of our province. 21.在这个村子里，一个湖泊占据了中心区域的很大面积。 In the village, a lake ________ ________ a large area of the central area. 22.我们游览了不同类型的地方，比如古老的石桥和传统的农舍。 We visited ________ ________ ________ places, such as ancient stone bridges and traditional farmhouses. 23.在村子外面，我们还看到了令人惊叹的自然奇观，比如一个巨大的瀑布。 Outside the village, we also saw amazing __________ __________ like a huge waterfall. 24.尽管旅途有些疲惫，但我们很开心，毕竟这是一次难忘的经历。 Although the trip was a bit tiring, we were very happy. ________ ________ it was an unforgettable experience. Keys:1.sea level 2.connect with 3.in size 4.square meters 5.as quickly as you can 6.in the deep sea 7.How deep 8.as quickly as 9.the deepest point on 10.learn about 11.at all costs 12.Both and 13.By the way 14.ancient civilizations 15.cubic meters 16.more and more important 17.close to 18.at the top of 19.As far as, miles 20.located in 21.takes up 22.different types of 23.natural wonders 24.After all 五、短文填空。 The Grand Canyon is one of the 1.________________(wonderful) natural wonders in the world. It’s in the southwestern part of the United States. When you see it, you’ll be surprised by its great 2. __________(deep) and wide space. The rocks there have many different colours, 3. ________ red, brown and gray. Their shapes are really special, too. Every year, thousands of 4. ________ (tour) from different countries come here to enjoy the amazing views. My family and I visited the Grand Canyon last summer. As soon as we got there, we felt so 5. ________ (excite). It was much more beautiful than we 6. ________ (think). We walked along the canyon, took a lot of photos, and listened to the tour guide’s stories about 7. ________ (it) history. It was really interesting. If you want to visit the Grand Canyon, spring and autumn are the 8. ________ (good) times. The weather is cool and comfortable then. Summer is too hot, and winter may be too cold. You can hike along the paths, take a boat trip on the river, 9. __________ just sit and enjoy the beautiful scenery. It will 10. __________ (sure) make your trip enjoyable. Keys:1.most wonderful; 2.depth; 3.like; 4.tourists; 5.excited; 6.thought; 7.its; 8.best; 9.or; 10.surely (
课堂达标检测
)（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） A 一、词汇运用 A.将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 (
research prepare bit by bit curio
sity
appear
lonelyproud
) Last night, I woke up at 11 p.m. because my friend called - he said the northern lights would 1._________! My dad and I were so 2._________ that we decided to go. We quickly 3. _________ warm coats and hot drinks. On the way to the hill, my friend told us about his 4._________ on this natural wonder. He said the lights come from the sun. When we got there, I walked very fast. 5._________, green lights started to dance in the sky! We stayed for an hour, feeling so lucky. It was the most amazing scenery I'd ever seen. Keys:1.appear 2.curious 3.prepared 4.research 5.Bit by bit B.阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest 1.____________(奇观) of the world. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they 2.__________(生存) the terrible 3._____________(条件，状况) first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to-30 4.__________(度). Climbers must also deal with thin air, high 5.___________(峭壁), and 6.__________(易变的) weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the 7.___________(北部的) side. Mountain climbers even called that way the "8._____________(死亡) Road". But a Chinese climbing team was 9.___________(有决心) to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, Liu and other climbers arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres 10.________(在......上面) sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his 11.___________(肩膀). Bit by bit, they made it past the Second Step. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 12.___________(成功地), but many 13.___________(失败). Why do people still 14.__________(使......冒风险) their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human 15._____________(好奇心) and 16.___________(雄心) cannot be stopped. Keys:1.wonders; 2.survive; 3.conditions; 4. degrees; 5. cliffs; 6. changeable; 7.northern; 8.Death; 9.determined; 10.above; 11.shoulders; 12. successfully; 13.fail; 14.risk; 15.curiosity; 16.ambition 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填人括号中所给单词的正确形式。 What’s the best way to overlook(俯视) beautiful city If you find climbing mountain tiring, there is another way that is 1._____________(relaxing) than it: take Ferris wheel(摩天轮)! Ferris wheels sit in the middle of some great cities around the world. These tall, wide wheels move round and round while carrying people. You can have such a 2.___________(wonder) time, chatting with friends while enjoying a fantastic view under your 3.__________ (foot). The first Ferris wheel was built 4._________ 1893 by US engineer George Ferris Jr. in Chicago,US. The giant wheel made people feel 5.____________(shock). At that time, it was 6.__________ (large) single piece of steel-work that had ever been made in the world. Ferris wheels 7.__________ (quick) became tourist attractions. Now, with many countries racing to build the tallest, greatest or coolest Ferris wheel, the big round wheels are becoming popular in amusement parks and carnivals. Here is one of 8._____________(popular) Ferris wheels around the world. Would you like 9.____________(try) it With a 10.__________ (high) of 135m, the London Eye is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe. It has enough space for 800 people on one turn and each car can carry as 11.__________ (much) as 25 people. By 12.__________(take) it, visitors can get a 360-degree view of London Tower, Buckingham Palace and Big Ben. One complete turn takes 30 minutes The London Eye is at the center of the New Year's celebrations, as bright, sparkling fireworks rain down from the wheel. Keys:1.more relaxing; 2.wonderful; 3.feet; 4.in; 5.shocked; 6.the largest; 7.quickly; 8.the most popular; 9.to try; 10.height; 11.many; 12.taking B A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 good plan condition successful like
The human earth is the cradle of human life, but we may not stay in this cradle forever. China is now 1 to look for habitable planets. But what is a habitable planet 2 In short, the more similar to earth, the 3 . They should be as big as the earth. These planets must also orbit a star like the sun, and they should not be too close or too far from their sun, so they won’t be too hot or too cold. Most importantly, they must have similar living 4 . It’s not easy to find out a new home in space, but as long as we keep trying, we will achieve it 5 . Keys:1.planning 2.like 3.better 4.conditions 5.successfully B. 根据下列文章及所给的汉语注释，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 An Adventure(冒险) to the Great Barrier Reef Have you ever wondered what the most amazing natural wonder on Earth looks like Let me take you on a journey to the Great Barrier Reef, a breathtaking structure that stretches along Australia’s 1.____________(东北的) coast. This underwater world is home to countless living creatures, 2.____________(包括) colorful coral, soft sand, and lively sea turtles that spend their lifetime 3.____________(游泳) in these waters. If you dive deep 4.___________(在....下面) the surface, you’ll discover a magical landscape of cliffs and pools, where every corner is full of life. The reef’s unique ecosystem 5._____________(吸引) millions of travellers every year, all driven by curiosity to 6._____________(探索) this extraordinary place. Some brave people even use submersibles to reach the 7._____________(底部) of the reef, measuring the 8.___________(深度) of the ocean and studying the marine life. They work much 9.____________(努力) to protect this precious 10.____________(自然的) treasure, and determined to keep it alive for future generations. The Great Barrier Reef is not only a tourist attraction; 11.___________(而且) also a symbol of the beauty and power of nature, reminding us to cherish every living thing on our planet. Keys:1.northeastern; 2.including; 3.swimming; 4.below; 5.attracts; 6.explore; 7.bottom; 8.depth; 9.harder; 10.natural; 11.but C. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 “Guilin’s scenery is the best in the world, and Yangshuo’s scenery is the best in Guilin,” goes the old saying. Why is the scenery of Guilin and Yangshuo so great It’s probably 1 there’s a beautiful river running through them. It’s the Li River. From Guilin to Yangshuo, the scenery on both 2 (side) of the Li River is beautiful beyond words. The 3 (good) way to enjoy its beauty is to take a cruise (坐船游览). It’ll carry you away from the city and into a peaceful and relaxing world. You need to do nothing 4 bring your imagination (想象力) and a camera and keep your eyes open. Guilin hills, clear water, tall bamboo... It feels like you 5 (visit) in a Chinese ink painting! Your guide will tell you 6 (lot) of stories behind the different mountains. 7 stories behind Xianren Rock and Wangfu Rock must be on the list. A young man died of hunger after 8 (give) all his food to a poor old man and turned into Xianren Rock. His wife carried their baby on her back 9 (sad) and turned into Wangfu Rock. The Li River is beautiful. Why not visit this wonderful place 10 (see) it with your own eyes and feel it with your own heart 【答案】1．because 2．sides 3．best 4．but 5．are visiting 6．lots 7．The 8．giving 9．sadly 10．to see 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了漓江的美丽景色以及乘船游览漓江的体验，并讲述了一个关于仙人岩和望夫石的动人传说。 1．句意：这可能是因为有一条美丽的河流穿过它们。此处解释风景秀丽的原因，需用because引导表语从句。故填because。 2．句意：从桂林到阳朔，漓江两岸的景色美不胜收。both后接可数名词复数，表示“两者都”。side“边，侧”的复数形式是sides。故填sides。 3．句意：欣赏其美景的最佳方式是乘船游览。此处表示“最好的方式”，需用形容词最高级修饰名词way。good“好的”的最高级是best。故填best。 4．句意：你只需要带上你的想象力和相机，睁开眼睛，什么都不用做。do nothing but do sth.“除了做某事什么也不做”是固定句式，but后接动词原形。故填but。 5．句意：感觉就像你在参观一幅中国水墨画！It feels like后接宾语从句，描述当前正在发生的感受，应用现在进行时“am/is/are+现在分词”结构。主语you是第二人称，助动词用are，visit的现在分词是visiting。故填are visiting。 6．句意：你的导游会告诉你不同山峰背后的许多故事。lots of“许多”是形容词短语，修饰名词stories。故填lots。 7．句意：仙人岩和望夫岩背后的故事一定在名单上。此处特指仙人岩和望夫岩这两个具体的故事，需用定冠词The修饰stories。故填The。 8．句意：一个年轻人把他所有的食物都给了一位可怜的老人后饿死了，变成了仙人岩。介词after后接动词时需用动名词形式。give“给”的动名词是giving。故填giving。 9．句意：他的妻子悲伤地背着他们的孩子，变成了望夫岩。此处修饰动词carried，需用副词形式。sad“悲伤的”的副词是sadly“悲伤地”。故填sadly。 10．句意：为什么不亲自去看看这个美妙的地方，用心去感受它呢？此处表示参观漓江的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。see“看见”的不定式形式是to see。故填to see。 (
C
专题
——
adj.&adv.
的比较级
/
最高级
) (
专题导入
)（课堂精粹~） (
考点分析
) Let’s learn:形容词和副词的比较等级 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，即原级、比较级和最高级。 原级：没有比较含义； 比较级：两者间比较，表示“较……”或“更……”； 最高级：三者及三者以上比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 【注意】adj.最高级前不加the的主要情况： ①前面已有物主代词(my, your, his, her...等) 如：my best friend ②前面已有名词所有格’s或s’ 如：Tom’s youngest sister 1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成(规则变化) 构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加 er， esttalltallertallest以不发音字母e结尾的单音节词和少数以le结尾的双音节词加 r， stlargelargerlargestsimplesimplersimplest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾的辅音字母加 er， esthothotterhottestsadsaddersaddestbigbiggerbiggest以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节单词，变y为i加 er， estearlyearlierearliesthappyhappierhappiest少数以 er， ow结尾的双音节词末尾加 er， estclevercleverercleverestslowslowerslowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在其前面加more，mostimportantmore importantthe most importantoutgoingmore outgoingthe most outgoing
2.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成（不规则变形） 原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(更远的)farthest(最远的)further(更近一步的)furthest(最近一步的)oldolder/elderoldest/eldest
【注意】elder不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：elder sister(姐姐)，elder brother(哥哥) (
考点突破
) Let’s practice：写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 big __________ _________ bigger biggest 2. high __________ __________ higher highest 3. low __________ __________ lower lowest 4. deep __________ __________ deeper deepest 5. easy __________ __________ easier easiest 6. far __________ __________ farther farthest 7. happy __________ _______ happier happiest 8. early __________ __________ earlier earliest 9. great __________ __________ greater greatest 10. close __________ __________ closer closest 11. amazing_______________ ________________ more amazing most amazing 12. interesting______________ ________________ more interesting most interesting 13. well __________ __________ better best 14. little __________ __________ less least 15. simple __________ ____________ simpler simplest 3. 具体用法： 一、形容词和副词的原级 1. 同级比较
基本结构as ... as ... 意为“和……一样”，中间填adj./adv.原形；反义短语为“not as/so... as... 和....不一样”。 【注意】短语“如此...以至于so...that...”和短语“太...而不能too...to...”中间都只能填adj./adv.的原形。 Eg. ① Peter is as tall as Tom. 彼得和汤姆一样高。 ② He works as hard as his sister. 他和他姐姐/妹妹一样努力工作。 二、形容词和副词的比较级 比较级用于两者（人或物）之间，表示“其中一个比另一个更……”或“较……”。 ①形容词或副词的比较级+than Eg. The Changjiang River is longer than it.长江比它长。 Bill runs faster than any other boy in his class.比尔跑得比班上其他任何男孩都快。 【注意】“比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词 + 其他”表示“比其他任何一个……都……”。该结构可与“the+最高级”相互转换。 Eg. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山峰都高。( =珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。) ②“比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”表示“越来越……”。 Eg. Summer is coming. It's getting hotter and hotter.夏天就要来了。天越来越热了。 ③ “the +比较级...，the+比较级..”表示“越……,就越……”。 Eg.The more you read, the more you know.你阅读得越多,知道的就越多。 ④可以修饰比较级的词有a bit，a little，rather，much，far，by far，a lot，a great deal，any，still，even等。 Eg. China is much older than the United States. 中国比美国古老得多。 ⑤ the + 比较级 + of the two (+ 名词复数) 表示“两者中较……的那个”。 Eg. Mike is the taller of the two boys. 迈克是两个男孩中较高的那个。 ⑥ Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更…… ” Eg. Which city is larger, Beijing or Shanghai 北京和上海，哪个城市更大 ⑦ A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A是B的……倍……”。 Eg. Our school is three times bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的三倍大。
三、形容词和副词的最高级 表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有in、of 、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 ①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.(某一范围内的比较用in) ②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year. (同一类事物范围内的比较用of) ③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals.(副词最高级前的the可以省去哦) ①(the+)最高级(+名词)+in/of 短语， 意为“……中最……的”。 Eg. I think spring is the best time of a year. 我认为春天是一年中最好的时节。 Tom works (the) hardest in Class3. 在三班汤姆学习最努力。 ②one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of 短语，意为“……中最……的……之一”。 Eg. Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 杭州是世界上最美的城市之一。 ③the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……” Eg. As we all know, the Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 众所周知,黄河是中国第二长河。 ④“Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A, B or C ” 意为“哪个/谁是最......,A,B还是C ”。 Eg. Who sings best in your class, Lily, Tom or Jack 你们班谁唱得最好，莉莉，汤姆还是杰克 ⑤ A＋v./be＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋any other＋单

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