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2025-2026 学年沪教版英语八年级下册阅读理解训练
Passage 1: 中国空间站（基础细节题）
Topic: Tiangong: China’s Space Station
Tiangong Space Station, also known as China Space Station (CSS), is China's first space station. It is a large spacecraft in low Earth orbit. The station is made up of three main parts: the core module (天和核心舱), two lab modules (问天实验舱、梦天实验舱), and several attached spacecraft.The name "Tiangong" comes from ancient Chinese mythology. It means "Palace in the Sky". The core module "Tianhe" means "Harmony of the Heavens". These names show Chinese cultural elements and show China's dream of exploring space.Tiangong has been home to many Chinese astronauts (taikonauts). They carry out scientific experiments, do spacewalks, and study how humans live and work in space. Living in space is very hard. Astronauts must get used to weightlessness. They also see the sun rise and set about every 90 minutes!China has worked hard to build Tiangong. It is a symbol of China's progress in science and technology. It also offers a place for international scientific cooperation.
Choose the best answer.
1.What is Tiangong Space Station
A. A famous ancient Chinese palace.B. China's first space station.
C. A new lab on the Earth.D. A spacecraft going to Mars.
2.What does the name "Tiangong" mean
A. The Palace in the Sky.B. The Starry Night.
C. Journey to the West.D. The Moon Palace.
3.How often do astronauts see the sun rise and set in space
A. Every 24 hours.B. Every 12 hours.C. Every 90 minutes.D. Every week.
4.The word "weightlessness" in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A. very strong gravity B. the state of not having weight
C. a kind of food D. a dangerous disease
Passage 2: 太空垃圾（推理判断题）
Topic: The Problem of Space Junk
Space exploration is exciting, but it also creates a big problem: space junk. Space junk, also called space debris, is any man-made object in space that no longer works. It includes old satellites, broken parts of rockets, and even tools that astronauts lost during spacewalks.There are millions of pieces of space junk in Earth's orbit. Most of them are very small, but they travel at high speeds—up to 28,000 kilometers per hour. At this speed, even a tiny paint chip can hit and damage a working satellite or the International Space Station.Space junk is dangerous. If a piece hits a working satellite, it will break into more pieces. These new pieces will collide with other objects, creating a chain reaction. This is called the Kessler Syndrome. If this happens, Earth's orbit could become too dangerous to use for many years.What can we do to solve the problem Scientists are trying to design new satellites that can be removed at the end of their life. Some also suggest capturing old satellites and bringing them back to Earth. As for us, we can also support laws that control space junk.
Judge T (True) or F (False).
5. Space junk is only made up of old satellites. ( )
6. Space junk travels very fast, which makes it dangerous. ( )
7. The Kessler Syndrome means that space junk will disappear slowly. ( )
8. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a way to deal with space junk
A. Designing satellites that can be removed.B
. Capturing old satellites and bringing them back.
C. Supporting laws that control space junk.
D. Throwing trash into space.
Passage 3: 北斗导航系统（综合主旨题）
Topic: BDS: China’s "Compass" in the Sky
The Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS) is China's own global satellite navigation system. It is like a "compass" in the sky. Just like the US GPS, Russia's GLONASS, and the EU's Galileo, BDS helps us find our position, navigate, and track objects.How does BDS work It has three parts. The first part is the space segment, which includes more than 30 satellites in orbit. The second is the ground segment, which controls the satellites and sends signals. The third is the user segment, which includes our mobile phones, cars, ships, and planes.BDS is very useful in many ways. It helps drivers find the best route, guides ships at sea, and helps farmers use machines more efficiently. It also plays an important role in disaster relief. When earthquakes or floods happen, BDS can provide accurate location information to save lives.China started to develop BDS in the 1990s. After decades of hard work, BDS was completed in 2020. It is not only a technological achievement but also a gift to the world. It shows that China is making great contributions to global satellite navigation.
Answer the questions.
9. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To introduce the history of the US GPS.
B. To explain how BDS works and its importance.
C. To compare BDS with Galileo.
D. To show the disadvantages of satellite navigation.
10.Which is NOT a part of the BDS
A. The space segment (satellites).
B. The ground segment (control centers).
C. The user segment (mobile phones, cars, etc.).
D. The Mars segment (rovers on Mars).
答案与解析
Passage 1 解析
1.B解析： 由第一段第一句 "Tiangong Space Station... is China's first space station." 可知。
2.A解析： 由第二段第一句 "The name 'Tiangong'... means 'Palace in the Sky'." 可知。
3.C解析： 由第三段最后一句 "They also see the sun rise and set about every 90 minutes!" 可知。
4.B解析： 词义猜测。在太空中的状态是 “失重”，weightlessness 意为 “失重状态”。
Passage 2 解析
1.F解析： 由第一段第二句 "It includes old satellites, broken parts of rockets, and even tools..." 可知太空垃圾不止旧卫星。
2.T解析： 由第二段第二、三句 "Most of them are very small, but they travel at high speeds... At this speed, even a tiny paint chip can hit..." 可知。
3.F解析： 由第三段可知，Kessler Syndrome 是连锁反应，会让轨道变危险，而非垃圾消失。
4.D解析： 细节排除。文中 A、B、C 均为解决方法，D 项显然错误。
Passage 3 解析
1.B解析： 主旨概括。文章介绍了 BDS 的组成、工作原理及在各领域的重要作用，B 选项最全面。
2.D解析： 细节排除。由第三段可知，BDS 包含空间段、地面段、用户段，没有火星段。

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