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山东省淄博市中考英语语法填空
（一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ____1____ (century), Europeans have been making fun of British coffee. They say it’s like mud (泥) with water, or water with a bit of mud, or just mud. However, the British like it because it isn’t too strong. The most common kind is instant coffee (速溶咖啡). It’s ____2____ (real) easy to make. You just add water, which is perfect for lazy British people.
British people ____3____ (be) very proud of their instant coffee. Some British coffee “experts” have even come up with a useful guide on how ____4____ (make) the best cup of instant coffee. Here it is:
First, put fresh water ____5____ the teapot. Avoid using dirty river water or expensive bottled water.
Allow the water to boil—this means it has to reach a temperature of at ____6____ (little) 99℃. However, if you are in a rush, some experts suggest using hot water.
Next, ____7____ (put) a teaspoon of coffee in your coffee cup—a thick, blue china one if possible.
Now you can pour in the water, however, be ____8____ (care) not to use boiling water.
Next, add a little milk—just enough to give the coffee a light-brown colour.
And now you are ready to drink your coffee. You should do this over a period of three hours, making the coffee last as long ____9____ possible, which is just the way the British like it.
So, now you know how the British like their coffee, which should be really useful for ____10____ (you) next trip there.
【答案】1. centuries 2. really 3. are 4. to make 5. into 6. least
7. put 8. careful 9. as 10. your
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何制作一杯最好的速溶咖啡。
1.句意：几个世纪以来，欧洲人一直在取笑英国咖啡。century“世纪”，此处是指好几个世纪，应用复数，故填centuries。
2.句意：它真的很容易做。real是形容词， 此处修饰形容词easy，应用副词，故填really。
3.句意：英国人对他们的速溶咖啡非常自豪。句子是一般现在时，主语是people，be动词用are。故填are。
4.句意：一些英国咖啡“专家”甚至提出了一个实用的指南，教你如何制作一杯最好的速溶咖啡。how to do“如何做”。故填to make。
5.句意：首先，把淡水放进茶壶里。根据“put fresh water...the teapot”可知把水放进茶壶里，put...into...“把……放入……”。故填into。
6.句意：让水沸腾——这意味着它必须达到至少99℃的温度。at least“至少”，为固定短语。故填least。
7.句意：接下来，在你的咖啡杯里放一茶匙咖啡——如果可能的话，放一个厚的蓝色瓷杯。此处是祈使句的肯定形式，动词用原形。故填put。
8.句意：现在你可以把水倒进去了，但是，注意不要用沸水。此处是作表语，应用形容词careful“小心的”，故填careful。
9.句意：你应该在三个小时内做这个，尽可能让咖啡持续更长时间，这正是英国人喜欢的方式。as long as“和……一样长”符合语境，故填as。
10.句意：所以，现在你知道英国人喜欢喝什么咖啡了，这对你下次去那里旅行应该很有用。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词your修饰。故填your。
（二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi Kylie,
We are excited to be pen pals with you. Thanks for telling us about New Hampshire, We would love to visit someday, especially in the winter so we can see snow for the ____1____ (one) time. We don’t get snow in Malaysia. We live in Petaling Jaya. We have lots ____2____ parks and there is plenty to do.
We don’t have any seasons except for the monsoon season (雨季), when it rains non-stop. Recently, it rained so much that there was flooding (洪水) in parts of Malaysia.
____3___ thankfully it didn’t flood where we live. It’s ____4____ (usual) warm all the time, but it can get very hot and wet. We get really sweaty (出汗的) when we are outdoors. We mostly wear shorts or dresses.
The ____5____ (good) time of day to do outdoor activities is either in the morning or the evening when it is cooler. There is a park behind ____6____(we) home. We like ____7____ (ride) our bikes, skateboarding and exploring (探险) together there.
When it’s hot, our favorite thing to do is to jump into a pool to cool off. Having ice cream ____8____ any cold drink helps, too. We also turn on the air conditioner (空调) most of the time.
Thankfully, there are plenty of things to do indoors like museums, cinemas, science centers, the bird park, walking around huge malls, or playing a board game at home.
In Malaysia, we have lots of really beautiful ____9____ (beach). If you’re lucky, you get to see hombills (犀鸟) up close. When you visit Malaysia, we ____10____ (take) you there!
Tala and Tina
【答案】1. first 2. of 3. But 4. usually 5. best 6. our
7. riding 8. or 9. beaches 10. will take##can take
【解析】
【导语】本文是Tala和Tina写给Kylie 的书信，介绍了她们在马来西亚的生活。
1.句意：我们希望有一天能去那儿看看，特别是在冬天时候，这样我们就能第一次看到雪了。根据“for the...time”以及“We don’t get snow in Malaysia.”可知，马来西亚不下雪，因此是第一次看到雪。“for+the+序数词+time”表示“第几次”，此处需要序数词，one的序数词是first。故填first。
2.句意：我们这儿有很多公园，有很多事可以做。lots of“许多”，固定搭配。故填of。
3.句意：最近雨下得很厉害，马来西亚的部分地区发洪水了，不过谢天谢地，没有在我们住的地方发洪水。根据句意可知前后句存在转折关系。故填But。
4.句意：通常这边的天气一直都很暖和，但也会有相当湿热的时候。根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词，usually“通常”符合语境。故填usually。
5.句意：一天中，做户外活动的最佳时间是在早上或晚上比较凉爽的时候。由空前的定冠词The可知，此处要用最高级，表示“做某事的最佳时间”，good的最高级是best。故填best。
6.句意：我们家后面有个公园。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰home。故填our。
7.句意：我们喜欢一起在那里骑自行车、滑滑板和探险。分析句子结构，此处和“skateboarding”、“exploring”并列；再根据like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，应用动名词riding。故填riding。
8.句意：吃冰淇淋或者喝冷饮也管用。根据“When it’s hot, our favorite thing to do is to jump into a pool to cool off. Having ice cream... any cold drink helps, too.”可知，天气炎热的时候可以通过到泳池里游泳、吃冰淇淋或者喝冷饮等方式降温；or表示选择，符合语境。故填or。
9.句意：在马来西亚有很多十分美丽的沙滩。根据“lots of really beautiful...”可知，此处需要填beach的复数形式。故填beaches。
10.句意：等你来马来西亚玩，我们就（可以）带你去！根据句意可知，Tala和Tina会带着Kylie去海边看犀鸟，句子结构缺谓语动词，此处使用will take和can take均可。故填will take/can take。
（三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Take a journey through the history of robotics.
One hundred years ago, ____1____ January 1921, a play that changed the world was shown in Prague. Rorrum’s Universal Robots (RUR) marked the first time that the word “robot” was used ____2____ (describe) human-like machines. Here is ____3____ robots went from fiction to fact.
Helping hands
Robots have found ____4____ (they) way into homes and classrooms. In 1999, the Japanese company Sony produced a robotic dog called Aibo. Then in 2006, a ____5____ (France) company introduced a robot called NAO. It is used by schools around the world to help teachers with lessons. ____6____ (recent), a NAO robot called Elias taught primary school classes in Finland.
Out of this world
So far, robots ____7____ (become) an important part of space missions (任务). Now the Curiosity Rover Robot is exploring the surface of Mars. The International Space Station has a robot called Robonaut 2 (R2). It ____8____ (send) into space in February 2011. It can perform some tasks so that astronauts have more time to do scientific research.
Into the future
Some people are afraid that robots will take too many jobs away from humans. However, some think that the use of robots will create ____9____ (many) jobs than before. Besides, it has been proved (证明) that robots and humans can work together. In my opinion, whether it’s in education, entertainment ____10____ exploration, robots will play a part in the future of humans.
【答案】1. in 2. to describe 3. how 4. their 5. French 6. Recently
7. have become 8. was sent 9. more 10. or
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了机器人的发展历史。
1.句意：一百年前，1921年1月，一出改变世界的戏剧在布拉格上演。根据“January 1921”可知，需用介词in。故填in。
2.句意：罗朗的通用机器人（RUR）标志着“机器人”这个词第一次被用来描述类人机器。根据“the word ‘robot’ was used”可知，be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故填to describe。
3.句意：机器人是如何从虚构变成现实的。根据“Here is ... robots went from fiction to fact.”可知，此处表达“机器人是如何从虚构变成现实的”，“如何”为how。故填how。
4.句意：机器人已经找到他们的方法进入家庭和教室。根据“way”可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。
5.句意：2006年，一家法国公司推出了一款名为NAO的机器人。根据“company”可知，需填形容词，作定语。故填French。
6.句意：最近，一个名为Elias的NAO机器人在芬兰的小学授课。根据“..., a NAO robot called Elias taught primary school classes in Finland.”可知，横线处需填副词，修饰整个句子，句子开头需大写。故填Recently。
7.句意：到目前为止，机器人已经成为太空任务的重要组成部分。根据“So far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，需用have/has done结构。故填have become。
8.句意：它于2011年2月被送入太空。根据“The International Space Station has a robot called Robonaut 2 (R2). It ... into space in February 2011.”可知，本句为被动语态，时态为一般过去时。故填was sent。
9.句意：然而，一些人认为机器人的使用将比以前创造更多的就业机会。根据“than before”可知，此处需填比较级。故填more。
10.句意：在我看来，无论是教育、娱乐还是探索，机器人都将在人类的未来中发挥作用。根据“In my opinion, whether it’s in education, entertainment ... exploration, robots will play a part in the future of humans.”可知，此处表达“在我看来，无论是教育、娱乐还是探索”，表示“或者”，需填or。故填or。
（四）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yue Opera is one of the five major Chinese operas. It started in ____1____ late 19th century in Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. It is the ____2____ (two) largest opera in China, and it’s loved by people all over China.
Yue Opera is famous ____3____ its unique singing style. The performers wear colorful clothes in special ____4____ (style). While the actors sing the lines, their body movements show feelings ____5____ (live).
Yue Opera often tells stories about love, loyalty (忠诚) ____6___ bravery. The actors try ____7____ (they) every means to bring the characters to life and create an interesting and amazing performance.
Young children in China often learn about Yue Opera in school and many of them dream of ____8____ (become) Yue Opera performers when they grow up.
In recent years, people ____9____ (make) efforts to promote (推广) Yue Opera in many different parts of the world. Interestingly, foreign audiences (观众) find its artistry amazing.
As a treasure of ____10____ (China) culture, Yue Opera continues to attract people with its unique style and timeless stories.
【答案】1. the 2. second 3. for 4. styles 5. lively
6. and 7. their 8. becoming 9. have made 10. Chinese
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第二大歌剧——越剧。
1.句意：它起源于19世纪末的中国浙江省嵊州市。根据“It started in…late 19th century in Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.”可知，此处表示在某个世纪，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
2.句意：它是中国第二大歌剧，受到全中国人民的喜爱。根据“It is the…(two) largest opera in China, and it’s loved by people all over China.”可知，此处是指第二大歌剧，应用two的序数词形式second表示“第二”。故填second。
3.句意：越剧以其独特的演唱风格而闻名。根据“Yue Opera is famous…its unique singing style.”可知，此处为固定短语be famous for“以……闻名”。故填for。
4.句意：表演者穿着五颜六色、风格独特的服装。根据“The performers wear colorful clothes in special…(style).”可知，主语为复数，此处应用名词复数形式。故填styles。
5.句意：演员在唱台词时，他们的肢体动作表现出活泼的感情。根据“While the actors sing the lines, their body movements show feelings…(live).”可知，此处修饰名词feelings应用live的形容词lively表示“生动的”。故填lively。
6.句意：越剧经常讲述爱情、忠诚和勇敢的故事。根据“Yue Opera often tells stories about love, loyalty (忠诚)…bravery.”可知，此处为并列结构，应用连词and“和”连接。故填and。
7.句意：演员们尽其所能使角色栩栩如生，创造出一场有趣而惊人的表演。根据“The actors try…(they) every means to bring the characters to life and create an interesting and amazing performance.”可知，此处修饰空后的名词means应用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
8.句意：中国的小孩子经常在学校里学习越剧，他们中的许多人梦想长大后成为越剧演员。根据“and many of them dream of…(become) Yue Opera performers when they grow up.”可知，位于介词of后应用动名词形式。故填becoming。
9.句意：近年来，人们在世界许多不同的地方努力推广越剧。根据“In recent years, people…(make) efforts to promote (推广) Yue Opera in many different parts of the world.”可知，此处时态为现在完成时。其结构为have/has done，主语为复数，助动词用have，make的过去分词为made。故填have made。
10.句意：作为中国文化的瑰宝，越剧以其独特的风格和永恒的故事继续吸引着人们。根据“As a treasure of…(China) culture, Yue Opera continues to attract people with its unique style and timeless stories.”可知，此处应用China的形容词形式Chinese“中国的”作定语修饰名词culture。故填Chinese。
（五）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。请务必将1-10小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was ___1___ (successful) launched (发射) at 8:59 pm on April 25th from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China.
It ___2___ (send) three astronauts as well as nearly 100 experimental projects to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. Ye, from the second batch (批) of Chinese astronauts, was a member of the Shenzhou-13 mission (任务) from October2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves ___3___ the mission commander (指令长). Li Cong and Li Guangsu, ___4___ the third batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. All three were born in the 1980s. One of the highlights of this trip is the adventure (冒险) of the very first fish, which has been ___5___ (call) by Chinese people as “the fourth member of Shenzhou-18”. The fish will be used for aquatic ecological (水生生态的) research project.
The astronauts will spend about six months on the space station. During ___6__ (they) stay, they will manage and care for the space station to make sure it is safe and working well. They will carry out a record number of more than 90 experiments, ___7___ (include) microgravity (微重力) basic physics, space materials science, space life science, aerospace medicine, ___8___ aerospace technology. And, they will do some science popularization (普及) ___9___ (activity). They will also welcome the Tianzhou-8 cargo ship and the Shenzhou-19 astronauts.
The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned ____10____ (return) to the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in late October.
【答案】1. successfully 2. sent 3. as 4. from 5. called
6. their 7. including 8. and 9. activities
10. to return
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国神舟十八号载人飞船成功发射，并介绍了宇航员的任务和计划。
1.句意：神舟十八号载人飞船于4月25日晚8点59分在中国西北的酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。设空处修饰动词launched，需用副词形式。successful的副词形式为successfully。故填successfully。
2.句意：它将三名宇航员以及近100个实验项目送往天宫空间站。设空处为谓语动词，根据上下文时态，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，是一般过去时，应用过去式为sent。故填sent。
3.句意：这次，他担任任务指令长。设空处需填入介词，serve as“担任”。故填as。
4.句意：第三批中国航天员李聪和李广苏都是太空新人。根据“Li Cong and Li Guangsu, ... the third batch of Chinese astronauts”可知，李聪和李广苏来自第三批中国航天员，from“来自”。故填from。
5.句意：这次旅行的亮点之一是第一条鱼的冒险，中国人称为“神舟十八号的第四位成员”。根据“by Chinese people”可知此处是被动语态，设空需用过去分词形式。call的过去分词为called。故填called。
6.句意：在他们停留期间，他们将管理和维护空间站，确保其安全运行。设空处需填入形容词性物主代词，修饰名词stay。they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。
7.句意：他们将进行创纪录的90多项实验，包括微重力基础物理、空间材料科学、空间生命科学、航空航天医学和航空航天技术。设空处需填入现在分词，表示伴随状态。include的现在分词为including。故填including。
8.句意：他们将进行创纪录的90多项实验，包括微重力基础物理、空间材料科学、空间生命科学、航空航天医学和航空航天技术。设空处需填入连词and，连接并列成分。故填and。
9.句意：而且他们还将进行一些科学普及活动。activity是可数名词，由some可知，设空处需填入名词复数形式，activity的其复数形式为activities。故填activities。
10.句意：神舟十八号宇航员计划于10月下旬返回中国内蒙古自治区的东风着陆场。plan to do sth表示“计划做某事”，故设空处需用动词不定式。故填to return。
（六）
In recent years, national health ___1___ (get) more and more attention in China. People of all ages are taking part in all kinds of sports ___2___ (activity).
In the parks, you can see groups of people ___3___ (do) Tai Chi in the morning. The slow and gentle movements not only help ___4___ (they) keep fit but also bring a sense of peace. For the young people, running is a good choice. Many young people enjoy running on weekends. They believe it’s a simple way ___5___ (stay) energetic.
Basketball and badminton are also quite popular. In the afternoon, ___6___ (especial) on weekends, the basketball courts and badminton halls ___7___ (fill) with people. These sports are not only great for physical health but also help improve social skills as people play in teams or pairs.
Moreover, with the development of technology, online fitness classes get popular, too. People can take exercise at home by ___8___ (follow) the instructions of professional coaches on their mobile phones ___9___ computers. This makes it ___10___ (convenient) for those who are busy or live far from fitness centers.
【答案】1. has got 2. activities 3. doing 4. them 5. to stay
6. especially 7. are filled 8. following 9. or 10. convenient##more convenient
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了近年来中国国民健康备受关注，各年龄段人群参与各类体育活动的情况，包括晨练太极、年轻人跑步，以及篮球、羽毛球的受欢迎程度，还提及线上健身课程因科技发展而流行，为忙碌或住得离健身中心远的人提供便利。
1.句意：近年来，国民健康在中国受到越来越多的关注。“In recent years”是现在完成时的标志词，主语“national health”是单数，所以用“has + 过去分词”结构，get的过去分词是got。故填has got。
2.句意：各年龄段的人都在参加各种各样的体育活动。“all kinds of”表示“各种各样的”，后接可数名词复数。 故填activities。
3.句意：在公园里，你可以看到成群的人早上在打太极。see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，所以用do的现在分词形式doing。故填doing。
4.句意：缓慢而轻柔的动作不仅有助于他们保持健康，还能带来一种平静感。“help sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，“sb.”在动词“help”后，要用宾格形式，they的宾格是them。 故填them。
5.句意：他们认为这是保持精力充沛的一种简单方法。“a way to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，这里用不定式to stay作定语。故填to stay。
6.句意：在下午，尤其是在周末，篮球场和羽毛球馆挤满了人。这里需要一个副词来加强语气，especial的副词形式是especially，表示“尤其；特别”。故填especially。
7.句意：在下午，尤其是在周末，篮球场和羽毛球馆挤满了人。 be filled with“充满；挤满，主语the basketball courts and badminton halls是复数，且句子是一般现在时，所以用“are filled”。故填are filled 。
8.句意：人们可以在家里通过手机或电脑上听从专业教练的指示来锻炼。“by”是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语。故填following。
9.句意：人们可以在家里通过手机或电脑上听从专业教练的指示来锻炼。这里表示选择关系，or“或者”，符合语境。故填or。
10.句意：这使得对于那些忙碌或住得离健身中心远的人来说很/更方便。“make it + 形容词 + for sb.”是固定结构，这里用形容词“convenient”表示“方便的”，也可用比较级表示“更方便”。 故填convenient/more convenient。
（七）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recycling is good for the environment. It can also benefit a community in surprising ways.
Mateo Lange, 15, knows this well. On weekends, you’ll find ___1___ (he) sorting (分类) through glass and plastic bottles and metal cans in his hometown of Michigan. There, he leads a community recycling program.
Mateo took up the program in 2020. He was 11 and in the ___2___ (six) grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was new and needed money ___3___ (travel) to tournaments (锦标赛). Mateo had a plan.
“Lots of cans and bottles ___4___ (throw) around the road, these can be collected and exchanged for cash(现金)” he says. ___5___ his dad’s help, Mateo started a bottle and can drive. It raised $7,500. “We have built up so much money in just a few weeks,” he says, “Why don’t we keep this going as long as we can ”
Since then, Mateo’s recycling ___6___ (raise) $350,000 and helped at least 50 local youth groups. It has also prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from littering the roadside and ___7___ (pollute) the lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community much ___8___ (clean),” he says. “It is ___9___ (actual) a lot of fun” he says, “especially in the summer time.”
Mateo believes everyone can and should be of service. “Just do a little bit to help make ___10___ world a better place,” he says.
“Be creative,” he adds. “Have an idea and build on it.”
【答案】1. him 2. sixth 3. to travel 4. are thrown 5. With 6. has raised
7. polluting 8. cleaner 9. actually 10. the
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了15岁的Mateo Lange通过回收瓶罐开展公益活动，不仅为当地团队筹集资金，还保护了环境，体现了他服务社会的热情与创造力。
1.句意：在周末，你会发现他在分类玻璃和塑料瓶。find发现，动词，后接宾语，he应变为宾格形式him。故填him。
2.句意：当时他11岁，上六年级，为北密歇根旋风队打棒球。他11岁，此处表示“第六”，用序数词sixth。故填sixth。
3.句意：这支球队刚刚成立，需要钱去参加比赛。need money to do sth.是固定搭配。故填to travel。
4.句意：许多瓶子被扔在路边，这些都可以收集起来换成现金。句中为被动语态，主语是bottles，时态为一般现在时，应用are thrown。故填are thrown。
5.句意：在爸爸的帮助下，马特奥创办了一家瓶罐回收公司固定搭配“with one’s help”，意为“在某人的帮助下”。放在句首首字母要大写，故填With。
6.句意：自那时起，马特奥的回收项目筹集了35万美元，并帮助了至少50个当地青年团体。since then表明用现在完成时，主语是recycling，单数，助动词用has，raise的过去分词是raised。故填has raised。
7.句意：此外，该项目还防止了超过200万个瓶子和罐子散落在路边，污染湖泊和河流。prevent...from doing sth.固定结构，动词用动名词polluting。故填polluting。
8.句意：这让我们的社区变得更干净了。much修饰形容词比较级，表示“更……”，用形容词的比较级cleaner。故填cleaner。
9.句意：“这真的很有趣，”他说，“尤其是在夏天。” 此处修饰形容词fun，用其副词形式actually。故填actually。
10.句意：只要贡献一点点，就能让世界变得更美好。world为特指，前面用定冠词the。故填the。
（八）
How do you read Different people have different reading habits. Some focus only on dialogue, some skip (跳过) large parts, while others read every word carefully.
The digital age has a big influence on our reading. Surveys show that Americans read fewer books now and they just spend just 26 minutes ___1___ (read) books every day (vs. 3 hours online). Even though social media like BookTok has increased book sales, Americans spend more time on the Internet or TV ___2___ reading.
Studies show that we often skim instead of read closely. Skimming a common reading strategy, helps you grasp the main idea by skipping certain words and sections. Experts think that it’s okay as long as it doesn’t prevent ___3___ (understand) and it’s great if you read for fun or need to finish quickly.
Close reading, on the other hand, makes us understand complex texts ___4___ (well). It means linking new knowledge with what you already know, asking questions, and understanding the text completely. Some studies show close reading ___5___ (create) more brain activity. But some experts think strong readers often use both skimming ___6___ close reading. They might skim less important parts but focus on key sections.
Reading on screens may lead to more skimming. Some experts think that kids now have trouble reading long stories carefully ___7___ they are used to just looking at the main points quickly. This might make it harder for them ___8___ (focus) and understand things deeply. But not all experts agree on this point.
Professor Willingham thinks our changing reading habits are because of the Internet. The Internet makes us less willing to focus on reading. But he believes that we can learn close reading ___9___ (skill) through practice.
In conclusion, everyone’s reading journey is unique. Skimming and close reading are both ___10___ (importance), especially in the digital age.
【答案】1. reading 2. than 3. understanding 4. better 5. creates
6. and 7. because 8. to focus 9. skills 10. important
【解析】
【导语】本文主要探讨了数字时代下人们阅读习惯的变化，并对比了略读和精读两种阅读方式的特点、优缺点及其对大脑活动的影响。
1.句意：调查显示，现在美国人读书更少了，他们每天只花26分钟读书（相比之下上网3小时）。根据“Americans read fewer books now and they just spend just 26 minutes... (read) books every day”可知，“spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.”为固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”，in可以省略，所以这里用read的动名词形式reading。故填reading。
2.句意：尽管像BookTok这样的社交媒体提高了图书销量，但美国人花在互联网或电视上的时间比读书的时间更多。根据“Americans spend more time on the Internet or TV... reading”中“more time”可知，这里是将花在互联网或电视上的时间和读书的时间作比较，应用than表示“比”。故填than。
3.句意：专家认为，只要它不妨碍理解，这是可以的，如果你是为了乐趣而阅读或者需要快速读完，这种方式就很好。根据“Experts think that it’s okay as long as it doesn’t prevent... (understand)”可知，“prevent doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“阻止做某事”，所以这里用understand的动名词形式understanding。故填understanding。
4.句意：另一方面，精读能让我们更好地理解复杂的文本。根据“Close reading, on the other hand, make us understand complex texts...”可知，这里是将精读和略读进行对比，精读能让我们对复杂文本理解得更好，所以用well的比较级better。故填better。
5.句意：一些研究表明，精读会产生更多的大脑活动。根据“Some studies show close reading... (create) more brain activity.”可知，“close reading”为第三人称单数，且句子陈述的是一般事实，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词create用第三人称单数形式creates。故填creates。
6.句意：但是一些专家认为，阅读能力强的人经常同时使用略读和精读。根据“But some experts think strong readers often use both skimming... close reading.”可知，“both... and...”是固定搭配，意为“两者都……”，这里表示同时使用略读和精读。故填and。
7.句意：一些专家认为，现在的孩子很难仔细阅读长篇故事，因为他们习惯了快速浏览要点。根据“Some experts think that kids now have trouble reading long stories carefully... they are used to just looking at the main points quickly.”可知，“他们习惯了快速浏览要点”是“孩子很难仔细阅读长篇故事”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8.句意：这可能会让他们更难集中注意力并深入理解事物。根据“This might make it harder for them... (focus) and understand things deeply.”可知，“make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“使做某事对某人来说是……的”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，所以这里用to focus。故填to focus。
9.句意：但他相信我们可以通过练习学习精读技巧。根据“But he believes that we can learn close reading... (skill) through practice.”可知，“skill”是可数名词，这里表示多种精读技巧，应用复数形式skills。故填skills。
10.句意：略读和精读都很重要，尤其是在数字时代。根据“Skimming and close reading are both... (importance)”可知，be动词后接形容词作表语，importance的形容词形式是important。故填important。
（九）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
This story is about Mrs Jones, an 82-year-old lady. Although her life was hard, she was always nicely ___1___ (dress) every day.
One morning Mrs Jones was moving to a nursing home (养老院) . The nursing home was very busy. After hours of ___2___ (wait), Mrs Jones still smiled sweetly when she was told that her room was ready. On the way to her room, I told her what the room was ___3___.
To my ___4___ (surprised), she said, “I love it! ” “But Mrs Jones, you haven’t seen the room yet! ” I was surprised at her reply.
She stopped and said, “___5___ I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is placed. It depends on how I decide to tidy up the room. I have already decided to love the room before I ___6___ (actual) see it.”
“I have a ___7___ (choose). I can spend the day in bed and consider how tiny my room is. Or I can just get out of bed and be ___8___ (thank) that I can still enjoy a new day, ” she continued. “Each day is a gift. I’ll enjoy my life and all the happy memories that I have already ___9___ (store) in my ‘bank account (帐户) ’.”
Life is like a bank account. You can take out what you’ve put in. If you have put a lot of happiness in your bank account, you can take ___10___ some of it when you feel sad.
Attitude is everything.
【答案】1. dressed 2. waiting 3. like 4. surprise 5. whether
6. actually 7. choice 8. thankful 9. stored 10. out
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一位八十二岁的老妇人琼斯夫人笑对生活的故事，告诉我们态度决定一切。
1.句意：虽然她的生活很艰难，但是她总是每天穿得漂漂亮亮的。dress“穿衣服”，这里be dressed表示一种状态，意为“穿好衣服的”。故填dressed。
2.句意：在几个小时等待后，当Mrs Jones被告知她的房间已经准备好了时，她仍然甜甜地笑了。wait“等待”，动词，这里of是介词，后面动名词形式waiting。故填waiting。
3.句意：在去她房间的路上，我告诉她房间是什么样子的。be like“像”。故填like。
4.句意：令我惊讶的是，她说：“我喜欢它！”to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故填surprise。
5.句意：她停下来说：“我喜欢不喜欢我的房间并不取决于家具的摆放方式。”whether...or not“是否”。故填whether。
6.句意：在我真正看到这个房间之前，我已经决定爱上它了。actual“实际的”，形容词，此处用副词修饰动词see。故填actually。
7.句意：我有一个选择。这里a后面接可数名词单数形式，choice“选择”。故填choice。
8.句意：或者我可以起床，感激我仍然可以享受新的一天。thank“感谢”，动词，这里用形容词形式thankful“感激的”。故填thankful。
9.句意：我会享受我的生活，以及我已经存储在“银行账户”中的所有美好回忆。根据前面的“have already”可知，这里接动词过去分词。故填stored。
10.句意：如果你在银行账户里存了很多快乐，当你感到悲伤时，你可以取出一些。这里take out“取出”。故填out。
（十）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Learning to play a musical instrument is hard work, but it can also be rewarding and fun. It’s ____1____ (excited) to learn new skills. And when you play music, it’s like giving your brain ____2____ (a) exercise, especially when you’re young. But that doesn’t mean everyone is cut out to (适合) play an instrument or is even interested in it. What do you think Should all students have to play an instrument
Studies show that kids ____3____ play a musical instrument do better in school. Learning music helps with math, and playing an instrument makes your brain ____4____ (strong), even if you only play for a year or two. ____5____ (learn) to play an instrument also teaches you to be patient and work hard, which are important skills for life. Besides, playing music is joyful and creative, and no one should miss out on that. Even if you don’t ____6____ (real) care about learning an instrument, you might discover a hidden talent or interest.
Not all ____7____ (kid) have the chance to learn music. Some schools don’t offer free music education, and not all families can afford to pay for private lessons. Some kids just don’t like music ____8____ (and) aren’t good at playing an instrument. ____9____ every kid has to try, it might make them not like music at all. One study found that kids benefit from learning an instrument only if they show ____10____ (interesting). Otherwise (否则), it takes time away from things they might enjoy more.
【答案】1. exciting 2. an 3. who 4. stronger 5. Learning
6. really 7. kids 8. or 9. If 10. interest
【解析】
【导语】本文讲了学习乐器利弊争议，有人认为对智力有益，有人认为强迫学习会适得其反。
1.句意：学习新技能是令人兴奋的。根据“It’s…to learn new skills.”可知，此处指的学习新技能是令人兴奋的，用exciting修饰事物。故填exciting。
2.句意：当你演奏音乐时，就像是在锻炼你的大脑，尤其是当你年轻的时候。exercise发音以元音开头，泛指一种锻炼。故填an。
3.句意：研究表明，会演奏乐器的孩子在学校表现更好。定语从句修饰kids，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
4.句意：学习音乐有助于数学，演奏乐器使你大脑更强大，即使你只演奏一两年。根据“playing an instrument makes your brain”可知，此处指的“使大脑更强”，用比较级stronger。故填stronger。
5.句意：学习演奏乐器也教会你耐心和努力，这是生活中重要的技能。句首作主语需动名词形式，且首字母大写，故填Learning。
6.句意：即使你并不真正关心学习一种乐器，你也可能会发现一种隐藏的天赋或兴趣。修饰动词care需副词，real的副词形式为really。故填really。
7.句意：不是所有的孩子都有机会学习音乐。Not all后接复数名词kids，故填kids。
8.句意：有些孩子就是不喜欢音乐或者不擅长演奏乐器。否定句中并列否定用or连接，表示“不喜欢音乐或不擅长”。故填or。
9.句意：如果每个孩子都要尝试，这可能会让他们根本不喜欢音乐。根据“every kid has to try, it might make them not like music at all”可知，此处指的“如果每个孩子必须尝试”，if“如果”符合语境，故填If。
10.句意：一项研究发现，只有当孩子们表现出兴趣时，他们才能从学习乐器中受益。show后接名词作宾语，名词为interest“兴趣”，此处为抽象意义，不可数名词。故填interest。
（十一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At a middle school in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, an exciting event took place on January 30th. The students weighed a pig!
The yearly event ____1____ (start) since 2017. Teachers and students work together to use science to weigh pigs. In the past, they used ____2____ (way) like levers (杠杆法) and Archimedes’principle (阿基米德定律). This time, students used Magdeburg hemispheres (马德堡半球) ____3____ (do) it.
However, the pig was much bigger than it was last year, so it ____4____ (be) much harder for students to get it to the test area.
“As the pig was about to go into the cage (笼子), it ____5____ (sudden) lay down and didn’t move at all,” Liu Nian, 13, told us. Finally, the pig was pushed into the cage by ____6____ (he) and his classmates.
After trying ____7____ few times and finding the average (平均数), the students found that the black pig weighed 165.3 kilograms. This was very close to the pig’s known ____8____ (weigh) of 154.5kg.
“We use ____9____ we learn in textbooks to work out real problems. This makes science even ____10____ (much) exciting.” Hu Yulin, 14, told Teens.
【答案】1. has started 2. ways 3. to do 4. was 5. suddenly
6. him 7. a 8. weight 9. what 10. more
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。浙江杭州的一所中学每年都会举办一次科学教育活动，今年的活动内容是用马德堡半球实验给一头猪称重。
1.句意：这项一年一度的活动自2017年开始。根据“since 2017”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，主语event是第三人称单数，助动词要用has。故填has started。
2.句意：在过去，他们使用杠杆和阿基米德原理等方法。根据“like levers (杠杆法) and Archimedes’principle (阿基米德定律)”可知，此处指多种方法，应用可数名词way的复数形式。故填ways。
3.句意：这一次，学生们用马德堡半球实验来做这件事。根据“This time, students used Magdeburg hemispheres...”可知，此处为use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”。故填to do。
4.句意：然而，这头猪比去年要大得多，所以学生们很难把它带到试验场地。根据“However, the pig was much bigger than it was last year,...”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语it为第三人称单数。故填was。
5.句意：当这头猪要进笼子的时候，它突然躺下，一动也不动。此处应用sudden的副词形式suddenly“突然”修饰动词lay。故填suddenly。
6.句意：最后，猪被他和他的同学推到了笼子里。根据介词by可知，此处应用he的宾格形式作宾语。故填him。
7.句意：学生们试了几次，算出了平均值，发现黑猪的体重为165.3千克。本题考查固定搭配a few“几个”。故填a。
8.句意：这与猪的已知体重154.5千克非常接近。根据“of 154.5kg”可知，此处指猪的重量，应用weigh的名词形式。故填weight。
9.句意：我们用课本上学到的东西来解决实际问题。根据“We use...we learn in textbooks to work out real problems.”可知，此处为宾语从句，且连接词在从句中作宾语，因此要用what。故填what。
10.句意：这使得科学更加令人兴奋。此处表示“更有趣”，even“甚至”用于修饰比较级。故填more。
（十二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词) 。
What is the best way to say goodbye to winter Celebrating Holi is a good ____1____ (choose). Holi marks the end of the cold winter and the ____2____ (begin) of the colorful spring.
Holi Festival, also ____3____ (know) as the Festival of Colors, is not only a festival about color but also a party for everyone. It is ____4____ (celebrate) on the full moon day in the month of Phalguna (February—March). This year Holi falls ____5____ March 25th.
Holi lasts ____6____ a night and a day, starting on the evening of the full moon day. The first evening is famous as Holika Dahan. The following day is called Rangwali Holi, or ____7____ (simple) Holi. And it is the most famous part of the festival. To spread joy, people of all ages throw colorful powder (粉末) and water at one another. They also sing and dance at this hopeful time. No matter ____8____ skin color you are, when you come out on the street, you will be colorful. The more colors you have on your body, the more wishes you will receive in the new year. In the evening, people dress up and visit family and friends ____9____ (share) meals and celebrate together.
For ____10____ (Indian), celebrating Holí with friends and family is the most important event of the spring season. What is your most important event during the season
【答案】1. choice 2. beginning 3. known 4. celebrated
5. on 6. for 7. simply 8. what 9. to share 10. Indians
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的胡里节。
1.句意：庆祝胡里节是一个好的选择。根据“a good ...”可知用可数名词单数，choose对应名词choice，意为“选择”。故填choice。
2.句意：胡里节标志着寒冷冬天的结束和五彩缤纷春天的开始。the beginning of“……的开始”。故填beginning。
3.句意：胡里节，也被称为色彩节，不仅是一个关于色彩的节日，也是每个人的聚会。known as“被称为”。故填known。
4.句意：它是在Phalguna月(2月至3月)的满月那天庆祝的。主语“It”与动词celebrate之间是动宾关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，is后用过去分词celebrated。故填celebrated。
5.句意：今年的胡里节是3月25日。空后是具体日期，用介词on。故填on。
6.句意：胡里节从月圆之日的晚上开始，持续一天一夜。根据“a night and a day”可知此处表示持续的时间段，用介词for。故填for。
7.句意：第二天被称为“Rangwali胡里节”，或者简称为“胡里节”。此处用副词修饰动词，simple的副词形式simply。故填simply。
8.句意：不管你是什么肤色，当你走上街头，你都会是五彩缤纷的。根据“No matter ... skin color you are”可推出此处表示不论什么肤色，用what表示“什么”。故填what。
9.句意：晚上，人们盛装打扮，拜访家人和朋友，一起吃饭和庆祝。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to share。
10.句意：对于印度人来说，与朋友和家人一起庆祝胡里节是春季最重要的活动。空前无限定词，此处用复数，表示“印度人”这一整体。故填Indians。
（十三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants ___1___ different parts of the world, it’s important ___2___ (know) the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it’s OK to make a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t ___3___ (noise) or lively, you may think there’s something wrong with it. ___4___, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet place. If people at a table ___5___ (talk) too loud, other people who eat there might even complain to the ___6___ (own) of the restaurant.
Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually ___7___ (pay) for everybody. In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients (宴请宾客), but when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This ___8___ (call) “going Dutch (均摊费用)”. Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which are decided by how good the service ___9___. Good ___10___ (waiter) can make a lot of money!
【答案】1. in 2. to know 3. noisy 4. However
5. talk 6. owner 7. pays 8. is called 9. is 10. waiters
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家有不同的用餐礼仪。
1.句意：当你去世界不同地方的餐馆时，重要的是要知道怎么做是正确或错误的。根据“different parts of the world”可知是指“在世界不同的地方”，用介词in，故填in。
2.句意：当你去世界不同地方的餐馆时，重要的是要知道怎么做是正确或错误的。根据“it’s important...the right and wrong things to do”可知考查it’s adj to do sth“做某事很……”，故填to know。
3.句意：事实上，如果一家餐厅不吵闹或热闹，你可能会认为它有问题。根据“or lively”可知空缺处应是形容词形式，故填noisy。
4.句意：然而，在许多西方国家，餐馆都是安静的地方。根据“In fact, if a restaurant isn’t...or lively, you may think there’s something wrong with it. ”“in many western countries, restaurants are quiet place”及标点可知空缺处应为表转折的however“然而”，故填However。
5.句意：如果餐桌上的人说话声音太大，其他在那里吃饭的人甚至可能会向餐厅的老板抱怨。根据“If”及“other people who eat there might even complain to the...of the restaurant”可知此处为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句主语为复数“people”，故填talk。
6.句意：如果餐桌上的人说话声音太大，其他在那里吃饭的人甚至可能会向餐厅的老板抱怨。根据“...of the restaurant”可知考查the owner of“……的主人”，故填owner。
7.句意：在中国，通常由一个人支付每个人的费用。根据“one person usually”可知时态为一般现在时，主语为单三，故填pays。
8.句意：这被叫做“AA”。根据“In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients (宴请宾客) , but when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. ”可知语境时态为一般现在时，根据“This...(call) ‘going Dutch (均摊费用)’”可知是被动语态，主语“This”视为单三，故填is called。
9.句意：在美国，通常会留下账单的 10%、15% 或 20% 的小费，这取决于服务的好坏。根据“which are decided by how good the service”可知空缺处应为谓语动词，时态为一般现在时，主语为“service”，故填is。
10.句意：好服务员可以赚很多钱！根据“Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which are decided by how good the service...”可知此处用复数表示泛指，故填waiters。
（十四）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，
Many traditional woodcut prints (版画) are either black and white or simple in color, ____1____ reduction woodcuts (绝版木刻) can show rich colors like in oil paintings.
The reduction woodcut uses just a piece of wood, and people cut and print ____2____ (difference) layers (层) on it. Because of its rich colors and special woodcarving skills, the reduction woodcuts ____3____ (become) an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in Pu’er, Yunnan, in 2009.
Leng Guangmian, 40 years old, is a reduction woodcut ____4____ (art). Leng started learning the art at university in 2003. He said that making reduction woodcut prints is like an adventure (奇遇). “Every time we cut a pattern (样式) on the wood and then print, we never know ____5____ it will be like in the end.” As the patterns are shown layer by layer, Leng is filled ____6____ excitement.
But finishing such work is difficult. Before ____7____ (start) the woodcutting, he needs to make an outline (轮廓) for the print and prepare different colors. A big print usually takes months to finish.
Besides showing the woodcarving skills, Leng hopes to show local life and culture through ____8____ (he) works. “For my works, there are two series (系列): Tea Horse Road and the disappearing villages,” Leng said. Many old ____9____ (village) in Pu’er need rebuilding, so he wants to preserve (保存) their memories before they are gone.
To spread the reduction woodcuts, Leng is now working to promote (推广) the art to the public. He invented a new method, so that people can master it more ____10____ (easy).
【答案】1. but 2. different 3. became 4. artist 5. what 6. with
7. starting 8. his 9. villages 10. easily
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了绝版木刻。
1.句意：许多传统的木刻版画要么是黑白的，要么是简单的颜色，但绝版木刻可以像油画一样呈现出丰富的色彩。根据“Many traditional woodcut prints...can show rich colors like in oil paintings.”可知，前后两句为转折关系，故填but。
2.句意：绝版木刻只使用一块木头，人们在上面切割和印不同的层次。根据“layers”可知，此处填形容词修饰名词，difference“不同之处”的形容词为different。故填different。
3.句意：由于其丰富的色彩和特殊的木雕技艺，绝版木刻于2009年成为云南普洱的非物质文化遗产。根据“in 2009”可知，此处为一般过去时，填动词过去式became。故填became。
4.句意：冷光冕，今年40岁，是一位绝版木刻艺术家。根据“a”可知，此处说他是一位艺术家，artist“艺术家”，故填artist。
5.句意：“每次我们在木头上切割样式然后印时，我们永远不知道它最终会是什么样子。”根据“it will be like”可知，此处作“like”的宾语，所以填what“什么”。故填what。
6.句意：随着样式层层叠叠地呈现出来，冷心中充满了兴奋。根据“is filled”可知，考查be filled with“充满”，故填with。
7.句意：在开始木刻之前，他需要为版画做一个轮廓，并准备不同的颜色。根据“Before”可知，介词后用动名词，start“开始”的动名词为starting。故填starting。
8.句意：除了展示木雕技艺外，冷先生还希望通过他作品展示当地的生活和文化。根据“works”可知，此空填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，he“他”的形容词性物主代词为his。故填his。
9.句意：普洱的许多古村落都需要重建，所以他想在它们消失之前保存它们的记忆。根据“many”可知，此空填名词复数，village“村庄”的复数形式为villages。故填villages。
10.句意：他发明了一种新方法，使人们更容易掌握它。根据“master”可知，修饰动词用副词，easy“容易的”的副词形式为easily。故填easily。
（十五）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friendship and kindness go hand ____1____ hand. A friendship can last forever when friends are kind to each other.
People ____2____ (usual) become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same ____3____ (interest). It is easy to be friends when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who ____4____ (stick) around, in both good and bad times. A good friend will cheer you up when you are ____5____ (have) a bad day. Show your friends you care about them. Ask them “What can I do to help you ” and be willing to do it.
Listen to your ____6____ (friend). Be honest. Tell them what is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them ____7____ little present or call them just to say “I value ____8____ (we) friendship”. Help whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever if you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to others, ____9____ will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life much _____10_____ (good).
【答案】1. in 2. usually 3. interests 4. sticks 541. having
6. friends 7. a 8. our 9. they 10. better
【解析】
【导语】本文 是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一个真正的朋友是无论顺境还是逆境都陪伴在你身边的那个人，并介绍了如何能让一段友谊持久的方法。
1.句意：友谊和善良是相辅相成的。hand in hand“手拉手的”，固定短语。故填in。
2.句意：人们通常因为有共同点而成为朋友。此处应用副词修饰动词become，usual的副词是usually“通常”。故填usually。
3.句意：他们有许多相同的利益。many of后加复数名词。故填interests。
4.句意：当一切顺利的时候，做朋友是很容易的，但真正的朋友是在好的时候和坏的时候都能陪伴在一起的人。who指代先行词one，三单，故定语从句动词用三单形式。故填sticks。
5.句意：当你今天过得不好的时候，一个好朋友会让你振作起来。此处用are doing构成现在进行时，故填having。
6.句意：倾听你的朋友。此处用复数表示整体。故填friends。
7.句意：送一张卡片，给他们一份小礼物，或者打电话给他们说“我珍视我们的友谊”。此处用不定冠词表示“一个”，且little发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
8.句意：送一张卡片，给他们一份小礼物，或者打电话给他们说“我珍视我们的友谊”。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词friendship，we的形容词性物主代词是our“我们的”。故填our。
9.句意：如果你是别人的朋友，他们通常也会是你的朋友。此处用人称代词作主语，指代others用they“他们”。故填they。
10.句意：朋友让生活变得更好。much后加比较级。故填better。
（十六）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everybody likes to celebrate a birthday. Some people live long enough to have 120 of them. The world’s ____1____ (old) land animal has just celebrated his 190th birthday. The animal is a giant turtle called Jonathan. Scientists believe he was born ____2____ 1832, but there are no official records of his birth.
Some scientists think Jonathan might actually be ten years older. He could be as old as 200. Jonathan was born in the Seychelles. He ____3____ (take) to the British in 1882 as a gift. Jonathan was born before Britain’s Queen Victoria became the queen, and before the ____4____ (invent) of the stamp and fridge.
Jonathan’s vets say he had a good birthday. There was ____5____ three-day party for him. Cooks made ____6____ (he) a special birthday cake, and it was full of his favorite vegetables. St Helena also published a set of special stamps ____7____ (celebrate) his birthday. Unluckily, Jonathan couldn’t see any of the celebrations ____8____ he is blind. He also has no sense of smell. However, he has an excellent sense of ____9____ (hear), so he could hear Happy birthday being sung. Jonathan’s vet, Joe Hollins, said the giant turtle still has plenty of energy. He also likes to relax in the sun. Mr Hollins said, “On warm days, his long neck and legs stretched (伸出) ____10____ (full) out of his shell (壳) to absorb (吸收) heat and pass it on to his whole body.”
【答案】1. oldest 2. in 3. was taken 4. inventions 5. a 6. him
7. to celebrate 8. because 9. hearing 10. fully
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了世界上年龄最大的陆地动物——塞舌尔巨龟乔纳森，它已度过190岁生日，被推测可能更长寿。人们给乔纳森庆祝生日，尽管它看不见庆祝活动，但能听到生日歌。乔纳森仍精力充沛，喜欢在阳光下放松。
1.句意：世界上最古老的陆地动物刚刚庆祝了它的190岁生日。根据“The world’s”可知，给出了比较范围是“世界上”，所以此处应填最高级oldest，空格前“The world’s”是名词所有格，最高级前不要加the，故填oldest。
2.句意：科学家认为他出生于1832年，但没有关于他出生的官方记录。be born in+时间，表示“出生于”，故填in。
3.句意：他于1882年作为礼物被带到英国。主语He与动词take之间是被动关系，结合“in 1882”可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态，根据He可知，助动词用was，故填was taken。
4.句意：Jonathan出生在英国维多利亚女王成为女王之前，在邮票和冰箱发明之前。根据the…of可知，此空应填名词invention，根据“the stamp and fridge”可知，此空应填复数形式，故填inventions。
5.句意：为他举行了为期三天聚会。此处表示泛指，且three是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
6.句意：厨师们给他做了一个特别的生日蛋糕，里面装满了他最喜欢的蔬菜。made是动词，后接宾格him，故填him。
7.句意：St Helena还发行了一套特别邮票来庆祝他的生日。发行特别邮票的目的是为了庆祝他的生日，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to celebrate。
8.句意：不幸的是，Jonathan看不见任何庆祝活动，因为他是盲人。根据“Jonathan couldn’t see any of the celebrations … he is blind”可知，空格后是解释看不见庆祝活动的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
9.句意：然而，他有很好的听觉，所以他能听到生日快乐歌。介词of后接名词hearing“听力”，故填hearing。
10.句意：在温暖的日子里，它的长脖子和腿完全伸出壳来吸收热量，并将其传递给全身。此空修饰动词stretched，应填副词fully表示“完全”，故填fully。
（十七）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Snap (咔嚓), snap”, went Emily’s phone as she ____1____ (take) a photo of her avocado (牛油果) toast for breakfast. Then, she posted it on the internet. Emily is one of the youths in the West who are in love with avocados.
At the ____2____ (begin) of the last century in the US, avocados weren’t popular. But this changed thanks to good marketing (市场营销). Firstly, their name was changed from “alligator pear (鳄梨)” ____3____ the nicer-sounding “avocado”. Then in the 1990s, at the Super Bowl, a Mexican food made with avocados was advertised. After this, avocados became a hit.
But it wasn’t ____4____ the 2010s, when young people started eating avocado toast, that it became a top fruit. Avocados, as a superfood rich in nutrients (营养) and “good” fats, are a perfect ____5____ (choose). For youngsters, eating is not just about ____6____ (feel) full or not hungry, it’s about a lifestyle. They care more about their well-being and eat ____7___ (healthy) and more plant-based foods.
Young people are good at using the internet. They love sharing their lives online ____8____ beautiful pictures. The green-colored avocado toast for breakfast became many youths’ favorite. They just can’t stop ____9____ (eat) it. Searching online, you’ll find ___10____ (end) results for avocado fans.
Trends (流行) always come and go. But the avocado trend isn’t showing any signs of disappearing anytime soon.
【答案】1. took 2. beginning 3. to 4. until 5. choice 6. feeling
7. healthier 8. through 9. eating 10. endless
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章介绍了牛油果流行起来的原因。
1.句意：“咔嚓，咔嚓”，艾米丽一边拍着她早餐的牛油果吐司，一边手机响了起来。根据“went”可知本句是一般过去时，故填took。
2.句意：在上个世纪初的美国，牛油果并不受欢迎。At the beginning of“在……的开始”，故填beginning。
3.句意：首先，他们的名字从“鳄梨”改为“牛油果”，听起来更好听。change to“更改为”，故填to。
4.句意：但直到2010年代，当年轻人开始吃鳄梨吐司时，它才成为一种顶级水果。根据“wasn’t”可知考查not until“直到……才”，故填until。
5.句意：牛油果作为一种富含营养和“好”脂肪的超级食物，是完美的选择。根据“a perfect”可知空缺处应为单数名词形式，故填choice。
6.句意：对于年轻人来说，吃饭不仅仅是感觉饱或不饿，而是一种生活方式。“about”后用动名词形式，故填feeling。
7.句意：他们更关心自己的健康，吃更健康和更多的植物性食物。根据“and more plant-based foods”可知此处应该是并列关系，用比较级，故填healthier。
8.句意：他们喜欢通过漂亮的照片在网上分享他们的生活。根据“They love sharing their lives online...beautiful pictures.”可知是通过晒照片分享生活，故填through。
9.句意：他们只是无法停止吃它。根据“The green-colored avocado toast for breakfast became many youths’ favorite.”可知考查stop doing sth“停止正在做的事”，故填eating。
10.句意：可知在网上搜索，你会发现无数的牛油果粉丝。根据“The green-colored avocado toast for breakfast became many youths’ favorite. They just can’t stop...it. ”可知有很多人喜欢牛油果，故用其反义词形式，故填endless。
（十八）
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speak different languages with foreigners while selling water, postcards and headdress flowers, have made her famous. Xu’s village is at the base of Moon Hill, a popular tourist place which ____1____ (be) like the moon. ____2____ 1998, she has worked as a tour guide and vendor（小商贩）in Yangshuo, a town in southern China’s Guangxi Zhuang antonomous region.
____3____ (support) her family, Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn different languages in order to attract（吸引）more foreign customers. Xu ____4____ (say) she would convert（转换）words in any language into Chinese characters, based on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating the words in her head before going to bed and after waking up has made ____5____ (she) talk with foreigners more easily. Over the past 40 years, Xu has taught ____6____ (her) 10 foreign languages, inciuding English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean.
Xu has also become one of the ____7____ (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation（名声）draws ____8____ large number of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors. Now, not only is she a tour guide, ____9____ also she owns a popular restaurant and hotel. “More and more foreign ____10____ (tourist) come to Yangshuo, and I hope they can feel at home here with my help.” she said.
【答案】1. is 2. Since 3. To support 4. said 5. her
6. herself 7. busiest 8. a 9. but 10. tourists
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了77岁的徐秀珍自学了10门外语，成为当地最忙碌的导游。
1.句意：徐的村庄位于月亮山的山脚下，这是一个像月亮一样的热门旅游景点。先行词a popular tourist place是单数，所以be动词应用is，故填is。
2.句意：自1998年以来，她一直在中国南部广西壮族自治区的阳朔镇担任导游和小贩。根据“she has worked ”可知句子是现在完成时，所以此处应用since表示“自从”。故填Since。
3.句意：为了养家糊口，初中三年级就辍学的徐女士开始学习不同的语言，以吸引更多的外国客户。support“支持”，动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To support。
4.句意：徐说她会根据发音将任何语言的单词转换成汉字，然后记住它们。say“说”，动词。根据“would”和语境可知动作是发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填said。
5.句意：睡觉前和醒来后在脑海中重复这些单词，这让她更容易与外国人交谈。she是代词主格，谓语动词后，应用宾格代词her，故填her。
6.句意：在过去的40年里，她自学了10门外语，包括英语、西班牙语、日语和韩语。此处是固定短语teach oneself“自学”，所以此处应用反身代词，故填herself。
7.句意：徐也成为阳朔最繁忙的导游之一。busy是形容词，one of the后加形容词最高级，故填busiest。
8.句意：她的名声每天都吸引着大批游客。a large number of“大量的”，为固定短语，故填a。
9.句意：现在，她不仅是一名导游，而且还拥有一家很受欢迎的餐厅和酒店。not only...but also“不但……而且”，是固定短语，故填but。
10.句意：越来越多的外国游客来到阳朔，我希望在我的帮助下，他们能在这里有家的感觉。tourist“游客”，名词，此处应用复数，故填tourists。
（十九）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多3个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you once forget where your socks were when you woke up in the morning Can you remember what you ____1____ (eat) for lunch a week ago You may think that being forgetful is not a good thing. But now you should be ____2____ (thank).
Scientists from University of Toronto have found that forgetting is ____3____ important part of learning. Getting rid of(除去) unnecessary information can help our brains work better. What kind of information is unnecessary
Scientists say that, generally, this may have something to do ____4____ the environment you live in. In an environment that is always changing, our brains may require us to remember less. For example, a supermarket cashier(收银员) meets many people every day and will ____5____ (probable) only remember them for a short time. But a designer who often meets his or her customers will remember much ____6____ (long).
“That is because our brains keep making new neurons(神经细胞),” said Paul Frankland, a professor at University of Toronto. According to ____7____(he), there is a special area in our brain called the hippocampus(海马体). It helps us learn and remember ____8____ (thing). When new neurons fit in the hippocampus, they renew our old memories. This could explain ____9____ you forget so much information about the time when you were very young.
However, forgetting is not always good. When you don’t have enough sleep, you may have difficulty _____10_____ (remember) new information. Sleeping helps the brain store and keep new information, Matthew Walker from the university told the Huffington Post.
【答案】1. ate 2. thankful 3. an 4. with 5. probably
6. longer 7. him 8. things 9. why 10. remembering
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了遗忘实际上是学习的一个重要部分。
1.句意：你还记得一个星期前你吃了什么午餐吗？根据“a week ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，eat的过去式为ate。故填ate。
2.句意：但是现在你应该充满感激。be后跟形容词作表语。故填thankful。
3.句意：多伦多大学的科学家发现，遗忘是学习的一个重要组成部分。根据“forgetting is ... important part of learning.”可知，此处表示一个重要部分，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an表示。故填an。
4.句意：科学家说，一般来说，这可能与你生活的环境有关。have something with“与……有关”，固定短语。故填with。
5.句意：例如，一个超市的收银员每天会遇到很多人，可能只会记住他们很短的时间。此处修饰动词remember，用副词probably“可能”。故填probably。
6.句意：但是一个经常与客户见面的设计师会记住更长的时间。much修饰比较级，因此空处用比较级longer“更长的”。故填longer。
7.句意：据他介绍，在我们的大脑中有一个特殊的区域叫做海马体。to为介词，后应跟人称代词的宾格形式。故填him。
8.句意：它有助于我们学习和记住事情。此处表示泛指，用名词复数。故填things。
9.句意：这可以解释为什么你忘记了这么多关于你很小的时候的信息。根据“This could explain ... you forget so much information about the time when you were very young.”可知，此处用why引导宾语从句，表示“为什么”。故填why。
10.句意：当你没有足够的睡眠，你可能难以记住新的信息。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处填动名词作宾语。故填remembering。
（二十）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Xiao Li,
My time here in China is going ___1___ (good). I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday, my parents and I plan to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. I’ve heard that it is an ___2___ (amaze) sight.
To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is unbelievable. More than 8,000 statues ___3___ (make) in the third century BC to guard the tomb (坟墓) of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue (雕像) has a different face, and researchers believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been ___4___ (complete) dug up. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. ___5___, no one in modern times knew about the tomb until 1974. Some farmers discovered the tomb by accident while they were digging a well!
We plan to visit several other ___6___ (place) in Xi’an. My dad and I are both looking forward ___7___ going to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and this museum is known ___8___ a “Chinese treasure house!” We’re also going to the Xi’an City Wall and a few other famous sights.
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday ___9___ (begin). We are arriving at 9:30 p.m. and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we will sleep well on the train!
Do you have any plans for the coming holiday Hope to hear from ___10___ (your) soon.
Yours,
Richard
【答案】1. well 2. amazing 3. were made 4. completely 5. However
6. places 7. to 8. as 9. begins 10. you
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是作者写信给小李，告知对方自己十一假期去西安的安排。
1.句意：我在中国过得很顺利。此空修饰动词going，应填副词well，故填well。
2.句意：我听说那是一个令人惊叹的景象。此空修饰名词sight，应填形容词作定语，修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词，amazing“令人诧异的”，故填amazing。
3.句意：公元前三世纪，为了保护中国秦始皇的陵墓，建造了8000多尊雕像！主语More than 8,000 statues与make之间是被动关系，且根据“in the third century BC”可知，此句是一般过去时，此处用一般过去时被动关于太，主语是复数形式，助动词用were，故填were made。
4.句意：这些雕像只占据了皇帝巨大陵墓的一部分，这座陵墓还没有被完全挖掘出来。此空修饰动词短语dug up，应填副词completely“完全地”，故填completely。
5.句意：然而，直到1974年，现代才有人知道这座坟墓。“no one in modern times knew about the tomb until 1974”与前文是转折关系，且此空位于句首，空格后有空格关系，应填however表示“然而”，故填However。
6.句意：我们计划参观西安的其他几个地方。other后接复数名词，故填places。
7.句意：我和我爸爸都很期待去陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，这个博物馆被称为“中国的宝库！”look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，固定搭配，故填to。
8.句意：我和我爸爸都很期待去陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，这个博物馆被称为“中国的宝库！”be known as“被称为”，固定搭配，故填as。
9.句意：我们要乘火车，在十月假期开始的前一天出发。此句是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单，故填begins。
10.句意：希望能尽快收到你的来信。hear from sb“收到某人的来信”，此空应填宾格，故填you。
（二十一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The blue whale is the largest animal on our planet. You might wonder how much such a large animal ____1____ (eat). Well, you are not alone.
____2____ (find) out how much blue whales eat in a day, ____3____ (scientist) carried out a study. Their findings were not surprising. They find the whales eat a lot. In just one day, blue whales ____4____ (live) in the North Pacific Ocean can eat about 14.5 metric tons of krill（磷虾）.
The study ____5____ (publish) in the magazine Nature not long ago. Matthew Savoca of Stanford University is the lead writer of the study. When talking about the findings, Savoca said, “It’s an unimaginable （难以想象的）amount of food.” The amount of food that blue whales eat in a day is about the ____6____ (weigh) of a fully-loaded school bus. Savoca also described the blue whale’s size as unimaginable. Blue whales are ____7____ (large) than even the biggest dinosaurs（恐龙）. They can grow to 33 meters long and weigh about 181 metric tons. Some can ____8____ (gradual) grow to about the size of a Boeing 737 airplane.
There was another important part of the study: knowing how much waste the whales excrete（排泄）. ____9____ they eat so much, they also produce plenty of waste material that plays an important role ____10____ ocean ecosystems（生态系统）. The nutrients（营养）in it help form phytoplankton（浮游植物）, and phytoplankton serve as the base of the ocean food chain.
【答案】1. eats 2. To find 3. scientists 4. living 5. was published
6. weight 7. larger 8. gradually 9. Because##As##Since 10. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山东省淄博市中考英语语法填空专项训练
（一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ____1____ (century), Europeans have been making fun of British coffee. They say it’s like mud (泥) with water, or water with a bit of mud, or just mud. However, the British like it because it isn’t too strong. The most common kind is instant coffee (速溶咖啡). It’s ____2____ (real) easy to make. You just add water, which is perfect for lazy British people.
British people ____3____ (be) very proud of their instant coffee. Some British coffee “experts” have even come up with a useful guide on how ____4____ (make) the best cup of instant coffee. Here it is:
First, put fresh water ____5____ the teapot. Avoid using dirty river water or expensive bottled water.
Allow the water to boil—this means it has to reach a temperature of at ____6____ (little) 99℃. However, if you are in a rush, some experts suggest using hot water.
Next, ____7____ (put) a teaspoon of coffee in your coffee cup—a thick, blue china one if possible.
Now you can pour in the water, however, be ____8____ (care) not to use boiling water.
Next, add a little milk—just enough to give the coffee a light-brown colour.
And now you are ready to drink your coffee. You should do this over a period of three hours, making the coffee last as long ____9____ possible, which is just the way the British like it.
So, now you know how the British like their coffee, which should be really useful for ____10____ (you) next trip there.
（二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi Kylie,
We are excited to be pen pals with you. Thanks for telling us about New Hampshire, We would love to visit someday, especially in the winter so we can see snow for the ____1____ (one) time. We don’t get snow in Malaysia. We live in Petaling Jaya. We have lots ____2____ parks and there is plenty to do.
We don’t have any seasons except for the monsoon season (雨季), when it rains non-stop. Recently, it rained so much that there was flooding (洪水) in parts of Malaysia.
____3___ thankfully it didn’t flood where we live. It’s ____4____ (usual) warm all the time, but it can get very hot and wet. We get really sweaty (出汗的) when we are outdoors. We mostly wear shorts or dresses.
The ____5____ (good) time of day to do outdoor activities is either in the morning or the evening when it is cooler. There is a park behind ____6____(we) home. We like ____7____ (ride) our bikes, skateboarding and exploring (探险) together there.
When it’s hot, our favorite thing to do is to jump into a pool to cool off. Having ice cream ____8____ any cold drink helps, too. We also turn on the air conditioner (空调) most of the time.
Thankfully, there are plenty of things to do indoors like museums, cinemas, science centers, the bird park, walking around huge malls, or playing a board game at home.
In Malaysia, we have lots of really beautiful ____9____ (beach). If you’re lucky, you get to see hombills (犀鸟) up close. When you visit Malaysia, we ____10____ (take) you there!
Tala and Tina
（三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Take a journey through the history of robotics.
One hundred years ago, ____1____ January 1921, a play that changed the world was shown in Prague. Rorrum’s Universal Robots (RUR) marked the first time that the word “robot” was used ____2____ (describe) human-like machines. Here is ____3____ robots went from fiction to fact.
Helping hands
Robots have found ____4____ (they) way into homes and classrooms. In 1999, the Japanese company Sony produced a robotic dog called Aibo. Then in 2006, a ____5____ (France) company introduced a robot called NAO. It is used by schools around the world to help teachers with lessons. ____6____ (recent), a NAO robot called Elias taught primary school classes in Finland.
Out of this world
So far, robots ____7____ (become) an important part of space missions (任务). Now the Curiosity Rover Robot is exploring the surface of Mars. The International Space Station has a robot called Robonaut 2 (R2). It ____8____ (send) into space in February 2011. It can perform some tasks so that astronauts have more time to do scientific research.
Into the future
Some people are afraid that robots will take too many jobs away from humans. However, some think that the use of robots will create ____9____ (many) jobs than before. Besides, it has been proved (证明) that robots and humans can work together. In my opinion, whether it’s in education, entertainment ____10____ exploration, robots will play a part in the future of humans.
（四）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yue Opera is one of the five major Chinese operas. It started in ____1____ late 19th century in Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. It is the ____2____ (two) largest opera in China, and it’s loved by people all over China.
Yue Opera is famous ____3____ its unique singing style. The performers wear colorful clothes in special ____4____ (style). While the actors sing the lines, their body movements show feelings ____5____ (live).
Yue Opera often tells stories about love, loyalty (忠诚) ____6___ bravery. The actors try ____7____ (they) every means to bring the characters to life and create an interesting and amazing performance.
Young children in China often learn about Yue Opera in school and many of them dream of ____8____ (become) Yue Opera performers when they grow up.
In recent years, people ____9____ (make) efforts to promote (推广) Yue Opera in many different parts of the world. Interestingly, foreign audiences (观众) find its artistry amazing.
As a treasure of ____10____ (China) culture, Yue Opera continues to attract people with its unique style and timeless stories.
（五）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。请务必将1-10小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was ___1___ (successful) launched (发射) at 8:59 pm on April 25th from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China.
It ___2___ (send) three astronauts as well as nearly 100 experimental projects to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. Ye, from the second batch (批) of Chinese astronauts, was a member of the Shenzhou-13 mission (任务) from October2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves ___3___ the mission commander (指令长). Li Cong and Li Guangsu, ___4___ the third batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. All three were born in the 1980s. One of the highlights of this trip is the adventure (冒险) of the very first fish, which has been ___5___ (call) by Chinese people as “the fourth member of Shenzhou-18”. The fish will be used for aquatic ecological (水生生态的) research project.
The astronauts will spend about six months on the space station. During ___6__ (they) stay, they will manage and care for the space station to make sure it is safe and working well. They will carry out a record number of more than 90 experiments, ___7___ (include) microgravity (微重力) basic physics, space materials science, space life science, aerospace medicine, ___8___ aerospace technology. And, they will do some science popularization (普及) ___9___ (activity). They will also welcome the Tianzhou-8 cargo ship and the Shenzhou-19 astronauts.
The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned ____10____ (return) to the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in late October.
（六）
In recent years, national health ___1___ (get) more and more attention in China. People of all ages are taking part in all kinds of sports ___2___ (activity).
In the parks, you can see groups of people ___3___ (do) Tai Chi in the morning. The slow and gentle movements not only help ___4___ (they) keep fit but also bring a sense of peace. For the young people, running is a good choice. Many young people enjoy running on weekends. They believe it’s a simple way ___5___ (stay) energetic.
Basketball and badminton are also quite popular. In the afternoon, ___6___ (especial) on weekends, the basketball courts and badminton halls ___7___ (fill) with people. These sports are not only great for physical health but also help improve social skills as people play in teams or pairs.
Moreover, with the development of technology, online fitness classes get popular, too. People can take exercise at home by ___8___ (follow) the instructions of professional coaches on their mobile phones ___9___ computers. This makes it ___10___ (convenient) for those who are busy or live far from fitness centers.
（七）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recycling is good for the environment. It can also benefit a community in surprising ways.
Mateo Lange, 15, knows this well. On weekends, you’ll find ___1___ (he) sorting (分类) through glass and plastic bottles and metal cans in his hometown of Michigan. There, he leads a community recycling program.
Mateo took up the program in 2020. He was 11 and in the ___2___ (six) grade, playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was new and needed money ___3___ (travel) to tournaments (锦标赛). Mateo had a plan.
“Lots of cans and bottles ___4___ (throw) around the road, these can be collected and exchanged for cash(现金)” he says. ___5___ his dad’s help, Mateo started a bottle and can drive. It raised $7,500. “We have built up so much money in just a few weeks,” he says, “Why don’t we keep this going as long as we can ”
Since then, Mateo’s recycling ___6___ (raise) $350,000 and helped at least 50 local youth groups. It has also prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from littering the roadside and ___7___ (pollute) the lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community much ___8___ (clean),” he says. “It is ___9___ (actual) a lot of fun” he says, “especially in the summer time.”
Mateo believes everyone can and should be of service. “Just do a little bit to help make ___10___ world a better place,” he says.
“Be creative,” he adds. “Have an idea and build on it.”
（八）
How do you read Different people have different reading habits. Some focus only on dialogue, some skip (跳过) large parts, while others read every word carefully.
The digital age has a big influence on our reading. Surveys show that Americans read fewer books now and they just spend just 26 minutes ___1___ (read) books every day (vs. 3 hours online). Even though social media like BookTok has increased book sales, Americans spend more time on the Internet or TV ___2___ reading.
Studies show that we often skim instead of read closely. Skimming a common reading strategy, helps you grasp the main idea by skipping certain words and sections. Experts think that it’s okay as long as it doesn’t prevent ___3___ (understand) and it’s great if you read for fun or need to finish quickly.
Close reading, on the other hand, makes us understand complex texts ___4___ (well). It means linking new knowledge with what you already know, asking questions, and understanding the text completely. Some studies show close reading ___5___ (create) more brain activity. But some experts think strong readers often use both skimming ___6___ close reading. They might skim less important parts but focus on key sections.
Reading on screens may lead to more skimming. Some experts think that kids now have trouble reading long stories carefully ___7___ they are used to just looking at the main points quickly. This might make it harder for them ___8___ (focus) and understand things deeply. But not all experts agree on this point.
Professor Willingham thinks our changing reading habits are because of the Internet. The Internet makes us less willing to focus on reading. But he believes that we can learn close reading ___9___ (skill) through practice.
In conclusion, everyone’s reading journey is unique. Skimming and close reading are both ___10___ (importance), especially in the digital age.
（九）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
This story is about Mrs Jones, an 82-year-old lady. Although her life was hard, she was always nicely ___1___ (dress) every day.
One morning Mrs Jones was moving to a nursing home (养老院) . The nursing home was very busy. After hours of ___2___ (wait), Mrs Jones still smiled sweetly when she was told that her room was ready. On the way to her room, I told her what the room was ___3___.
To my ___4___ (surprised), she said, “I love it! ” “But Mrs Jones, you haven’t seen the room yet! ” I was surprised at her reply.
She stopped and said, “___5___ I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is placed. It depends on how I decide to tidy up the room. I have already decided to love the room before I ___6___ (actual) see it.”
“I have a ___7___ (choose). I can spend the day in bed and consider how tiny my room is. Or I can just get out of bed and be ___8___ (thank) that I can still enjoy a new day, ” she continued. “Each day is a gift. I’ll enjoy my life and all the happy memories that I have already ___9___ (store) in my ‘bank account (帐户) ’.”
Life is like a bank account. You can take out what you’ve put in. If you have put a lot of happiness in your bank account, you can take ___10___ some of it when you feel sad.
Attitude is everything.
（十）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Learning to play a musical instrument is hard work, but it can also be rewarding and fun. It’s ____1____ (excited) to learn new skills. And when you play music, it’s like giving your brain ____2____ (a) exercise, especially when you’re young. But that doesn’t mean everyone is cut out to (适合) play an instrument or is even interested in it. What do you think Should all students have to play an instrument
Studies show that kids ____3____ play a musical instrument do better in school. Learning music helps with math, and playing an instrument makes your brain ____4____ (strong), even if you only play for a year or two. ____5____ (learn) to play an instrument also teaches you to be patient and work hard, which are important skills for life. Besides, playing music is joyful and creative, and no one should miss out on that. Even if you don’t ____6____ (real) care about learning an instrument, you might discover a hidden talent or interest.
Not all ____7____ (kid) have the chance to learn music. Some schools don’t offer free music education, and not all families can afford to pay for private lessons. Some kids just don’t like music ____8____ (and) aren’t good at playing an instrument. ____9____ every kid has to try, it might make them not like music at all. One study found that kids benefit from learning an instrument only if they show ____10____ (interesting). Otherwise (否则), it takes time away from things they might enjoy more.
（十一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At a middle school in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, an exciting event took place on January 30th. The students weighed a pig!
The yearly event ____1____ (start) since 2017. Teachers and students work together to use science to weigh pigs. In the past, they used ____2____ (way) like levers (杠杆法) and Archimedes’principle (阿基米德定律). This time, students used Magdeburg hemispheres (马德堡半球) ____3____ (do) it.
However, the pig was much bigger than it was last year, so it ____4____ (be) much harder for students to get it to the test area.
“As the pig was about to go into the cage (笼子), it ____5____ (sudden) lay down and didn’t move at all,” Liu Nian, 13, told us. Finally, the pig was pushed into the cage by ____6____ (he) and his classmates.
After trying ____7____ few times and finding the average (平均数), the students found that the black pig weighed 165.3 kilograms. This was very close to the pig’s known ____8____ (weigh) of 154.5kg.
“We use ____9____ we learn in textbooks to work out real problems. This makes science even ____10____ (much) exciting.” Hu Yulin, 14, told Teens.
（十二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词) 。
What is the best way to say goodbye to winter Celebrating Holi is a good ____1____ (choose). Holi marks the end of the cold winter and the ____2____ (begin) of the colorful spring.
Holi Festival, also ____3____ (know) as the Festival of Colors, is not only a festival about color but also a party for everyone. It is ____4____ (celebrate) on the full moon day in the month of Phalguna (February—March). This year Holi falls ____5____ March 25th.
Holi lasts ____6____ a night and a day, starting on the evening of the full moon day. The first evening is famous as Holika Dahan. The following day is called Rangwali Holi, or ____7____ (simple) Holi. And it is the most famous part of the festival. To spread joy, people of all ages throw colorful powder (粉末) and water at one another. They also sing and dance at this hopeful time. No matter ____8____ skin color you are, when you come out on the street, you will be colorful. The more colors you have on your body, the more wishes you will receive in the new year. In the evening, people dress up and visit family and friends ____9____ (share) meals and celebrate together.
For ____10____ (Indian), celebrating Holí with friends and family is the most important event of the spring season. What is your most important event during the season
（十三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants ___1___ different parts of the world, it’s important ___2___ (know) the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it’s OK to make a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t ___3___ (noise) or lively, you may think there’s something wrong with it. ___4___, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet place. If people at a table ___5___ (talk) too loud, other people who eat there might even complain to the ___6___ (own) of the restaurant.
Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually ___7___ (pay) for everybody. In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients (宴请宾客), but when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This ___8___ (call) “going Dutch (均摊费用)”. Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which are decided by how good the service ___9___. Good ___10___ (waiter) can make a lot of money!
（十四）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，
Many traditional woodcut prints (版画) are either black and white or simple in color, ____1____ reduction woodcuts (绝版木刻) can show rich colors like in oil paintings.
The reduction woodcut uses just a piece of wood, and people cut and print ____2____ (difference) layers (层) on it. Because of its rich colors and special woodcarving skills, the reduction woodcuts ____3____ (become) an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in Pu’er, Yunnan, in 2009.
Leng Guangmian, 40 years old, is a reduction woodcut ____4____ (art). Leng started learning the art at university in 2003. He said that making reduction woodcut prints is like an adventure (奇遇). “Every time we cut a pattern (样式) on the wood and then print, we never know ____5____ it will be like in the end.” As the patterns are shown layer by layer, Leng is filled ____6____ excitement.
But finishing such work is difficult. Before ____7____ (start) the woodcutting, he needs to make an outline (轮廓) for the print and prepare different colors. A big print usually takes months to finish.
Besides showing the woodcarving skills, Leng hopes to show local life and culture through ____8____ (he) works. “For my works, there are two series (系列): Tea Horse Road and the disappearing villages,” Leng said. Many old ____9____ (village) in Pu’er need rebuilding, so he wants to preserve (保存) their memories before they are gone.
To spread the reduction woodcuts, Leng is now working to promote (推广) the art to the public. He invented a new method, so that people can master it more ____10____ (easy).
（十五）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friendship and kindness go hand ____1____ hand. A friendship can last forever when friends are kind to each other.
People ____2____ (usual) become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same ____3____ (interest). It is easy to be friends when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who ____4____ (stick) around, in both good and bad times. A good friend will cheer you up when you are ____5____ (have) a bad day. Show your friends you care about them. Ask them “What can I do to help you ” and be willing to do it.
Listen to your ____6____ (friend). Be honest. Tell them what is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them ____7____ little present or call them just to say “I value ____8____ (we) friendship”. Help whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever if you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to others, ____9____ will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life much _____10_____ (good).
（十六）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everybody likes to celebrate a birthday. Some people live long enough to have 120 of them. The world’s ____1____ (old) land animal has just celebrated his 190th birthday. The animal is a giant turtle called Jonathan. Scientists believe he was born ____2____ 1832, but there are no official records of his birth.
Some scientists think Jonathan might actually be ten years older. He could be as old as 200. Jonathan was born in the Seychelles. He ____3____ (take) to the British in 1882 as a gift. Jonathan was born before Britain’s Queen Victoria became the queen, and before the ____4____ (invent) of the stamp and fridge.
Jonathan’s vets say he had a good birthday. There was ____5____ three-day party for him. Cooks made ____6____ (he) a special birthday cake, and it was full of his favorite vegetables. St Helena also published a set of special stamps ____7____ (celebrate) his birthday. Unluckily, Jonathan couldn’t see any of the celebrations ____8____ he is blind. He also has no sense of smell. However, he has an excellent sense of ____9____ (hear), so he could hear Happy birthday being sung. Jonathan’s vet, Joe Hollins, said the giant turtle still has plenty of energy. He also likes to relax in the sun. Mr Hollins said, “On warm days, his long neck and legs stretched (伸出) ____10____ (full) out of his shell (壳) to absorb (吸收) heat and pass it on to his whole body.”
（十七）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Snap (咔嚓), snap”, went Emily’s phone as she ____1____ (take) a photo of her avocado (牛油果) toast for breakfast. Then, she posted it on the internet. Emily is one of the youths in the West who are in love with avocados.
At the ____2____ (begin) of the last century in the US, avocados weren’t popular. But this changed thanks to good marketing (市场营销). Firstly, their name was changed from “alligator pear (鳄梨)” ____3____ the nicer-sounding “avocado”. Then in the 1990s, at the Super Bowl, a Mexican food made with avocados was advertised. After this, avocados became a hit.
But it wasn’t ____4____ the 2010s, when young people started eating avocado toast, that it became a top fruit. Avocados, as a superfood rich in nutrients (营养) and “good” fats, are a perfect ____5____ (choose). For youngsters, eating is not just about ____6____ (feel) full or not hungry, it’s about a lifestyle. They care more about their well-being and eat ____7___ (healthy) and more plant-based foods.
Young people are good at using the internet. They love sharing their lives online ____8____ beautiful pictures. The green-colored avocado toast for breakfast became many youths’ favorite. They just can’t stop ____9____ (eat) it. Searching online, you’ll find ___10____ (end) results for avocado fans.
Trends (流行) always come and go. But the avocado trend isn’t showing any signs of disappearing anytime soon.
（十八）
Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speak different languages with foreigners while selling water, postcards and headdress flowers, have made her famous. Xu’s village is at the base of Moon Hill, a popular tourist place which ____1____ (be) like the moon. ____2____ 1998, she has worked as a tour guide and vendor（小商贩）in Yangshuo, a town in southern China’s Guangxi Zhuang antonomous region.
____3____ (support) her family, Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn different languages in order to attract（吸引）more foreign customers. Xu ____4____ (say) she would convert（转换）words in any language into Chinese characters, based on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating the words in her head before going to bed and after waking up has made ____5____ (she) talk with foreigners more easily. Over the past 40 years, Xu has taught ____6____ (her) 10 foreign languages, inciuding English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean.
Xu has also become one of the ____7____ (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation（名声）draws ____8____ large number of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors. Now, not only is she a tour guide, ____9____ also she owns a popular restaurant and hotel. “More and more foreign ____10____ (tourist) come to Yangshuo, and I hope they can feel at home here with my help.” she said.
（十九）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多3个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you once forget where your socks were when you woke up in the morning Can you remember what you ____1____ (eat) for lunch a week ago You may think that being forgetful is not a good thing. But now you should be ____2____ (thank).
Scientists from University of Toronto have found that forgetting is ____3____ important part of learning. Getting rid of(除去) unnecessary information can help our brains work better. What kind of information is unnecessary
Scientists say that, generally, this may have something to do ____4____ the environment you live in. In an environment that is always changing, our brains may require us to remember less. For example, a supermarket cashier(收银员) meets many people every day and will ____5____ (probable) only remember them for a short time. But a designer who often meets his or her customers will remember much ____6____ (long).
“That is because our brains keep making new neurons(神经细胞),” said Paul Frankland, a professor at University of Toronto. According to ____7____(he), there is a special area in our brain called the hippocampus(海马体). It helps us learn and remember ____8____ (thing). When new neurons fit in the hippocampus, they renew our old memories. This could explain ____9____ you forget so much information about the time when you were very young.
However, forgetting is not always good. When you don’t have enough sleep, you may have difficulty _____10_____ (remember) new information. Sleeping helps the brain store and keep new information, Matthew Walker from the university told the Huffington Post.
（二十）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Xiao Li,
My time here in China is going ___1___ (good). I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday, my parents and I plan to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. I’ve heard that it is an ___2___ (amaze) sight.
To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is unbelievable. More than 8,000 statues ___3___ (make) in the third century BC to guard the tomb (坟墓) of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue (雕像) has a different face, and researchers believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been ___4___ (complete) dug up. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. ___5___, no one in modern times knew about the tomb until 1974. Some farmers discovered the tomb by accident while they were digging a well!
We plan to visit several other ___6___ (place) in Xi’an. My dad and I are both looking forward ___7___ going to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and this museum is known ___8___ a “Chinese treasure house!” We’re also going to the Xi’an City Wall and a few other famous sights.
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday ___9___ (begin). We are arriving at 9:30 p.m. and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we will sleep well on the train!
Do you have any plans for the coming holiday Hope to hear from ___10___ (your) soon.
Yours,
Richard
（二十一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The blue whale is the largest animal on our planet. You might wonder how much such a large animal ____1____ (eat). Well, you are not alone.
____2____ (find) out how much blue whales eat in a day, ____3____ (scientist) carried out a study. Their findings were not surprising. They find the whales eat a lot. In just one day, blue whales ____4____ (live) in the North Pacific Ocean can eat about 14.5 metric tons of krill（磷虾）.
The study ____5____ (publish) in the magazine Nature not long ago. Matthew Savoca of Stanford University is the lead writer of the study. When talking about the findings, Savoca said, “It’s an unimaginable （难以想象的）amount of food.” The amount of food that blue whales eat in a day is about the ____6____ (weigh) of a fully-loaded school bus. Savoca also described the blue whale’s size as unimaginable. Blue whales are ____7____ (large) than even the biggest dinosaurs（恐龙）. They can grow to 33 meters long and weigh about 181 metric tons. Some can ____8____ (gradual) grow to about the size of a Boeing 737 airplane.
There was another important part of the study: knowing how much waste the whales excrete（排泄）. ____9____ they eat so much, they also produce plenty of waste material that plays an important role ____10____ ocean ecosystems（生态系统）. The nutrients（营养）in it help form phytoplankton（浮游植物）, and phytoplankton serve as the base of the ocean food chain.
（二十二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking through the winter park, the trees stand cold and bare (光秃秃的). The winter has shaken their yellow ____1____ (leaf) to the ground. As I keep ____2____ (walk), a noise in the background is becoming louder and clearer. Now, 100 meters ahead, is a group of women gathered (聚集) at the side of a road. Look! In the cold breeze of winter, they ____3____ (move) their arms and legs to a rhythm (节奏). They are, of course, the dancing aunties (阿姨).
It seems that ____4____ you go to any public space around China, you’re likely to see these dancing aunties.
When I first came to China, it was one of the first things that surprised me. That’s ____5____ in Britain dancing in public is not a cultural habit. You won’t see any age group swinging their arms and tapping their feet in a park. Usually, they just ____6____ (take) a walk for exercise.
Now and again the dancing aunties have hit the headlines (头条). Some people find them annoying. But others respect their right to dance in public. With most of them middle-aged, they finally have some free time to do ____7____ they like. There is no more work, and their kids have left.
Personally, I like seeing these women enjoying ____8____ (they). They remind us of the importance of exercise as we get ____9____ (old). Besides, most of them _____10_____ (raise) whole families already, and now is their time to have fun and enjoy some peace.
（二十三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Time ____1____ (fly) when you play on your smartphone. But when you get down to the real business of work and study, one hour feels like a year. Why are we so attracted by smartphones but easily bored ____2____ studying
It all bolls down to something small and hard to see: dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is a “pleasure chemical” that makes people feel good. Our brains give it out when we eat yummy food, after we exercise or when we get a prize.
Compared with studying, playing on smartphones causes our brains to give out more dopamine. For example, checking your phone for a text leads to a 400 percent increase in dopamine. But why
When we visit social media, we don’t know what we’ll see next ____3____ who will give opinions about things we post (发布) . This “mogic of maybe” makes the dopanine system active. We get excited wondering if we have messages from our friends. When our expectations (期待) are met, dopamnine is ____4____ (give) out,
And to find more dopamine, we continue checking our phones. Studying doesn’t provide such magic. ____5____ this excitement, we get bored much more easily.
Can we do something to change that According to scientists, apps can become less ____6____ (attract) if we turn off notificationis (通知) or change the screen colors to black and white. We can also set time limits on apps to avoid ____7____ (use) them too much.
“As for studying, you could check your progress ____8____ (day) or weekly and reward yourself for it,” said Daniel Wong, writer of The Happy Student. “You could also search for interesting topics connected with your textbook. Use what you’ve learned to make an ____9____ (influent) in the real world. This will make knowledge much more interesting ____10____ (learn).
（二十四）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
To stop the spread of corona-virus during the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan starts promoting (推动) “no conversation” or “less conversation” policies (政策) in schools, shops and supermarkets. ____1____ (little) talking means fewer risks of spreading the virus. But those policies seemed unfriendly to ____2____ (business) like hair salons (美发厅), where conversation is part of the service.
But ____3____ people’s surprise, a Tokyo salon decided to offer a “silent cut” service. It became so popular that others ____4___ (quick) followed suit (效仿).
“____5____ wonderful it is! I’ve been waiting for this service for 20 years. To avoid talking with the hairdresser (理发师), I only get a haircut every 3 years,” one person wrote about the “silent cut” service.
“I’m saved because the conversation with the hairdresser often ____6____ (make) me feel uncomfortable,” said another.
A recent study showed that over 70 percent of people preferred the silent experience. They found it more relaxing, as they were able ____7____ (rest) instead of spending time ____8____ (listen) to unwanted information and making small talk.
As it turned out, hairdressers preferred the “silent cut” as well. Many hairdressers said that they were taught to chat with guests in ____9____ (they) apprenticeship (学徒期).
“I started chatting because I was taught in my early days to talk to guests and get information about their preferences, ____10____ it’s too difficult for me to focus on topics that I don’t like. So I prefer this service,” one hairdresser said.

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