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2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十三讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
八下 U9 Have you ever been to a museum
九全 U2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
九全 U3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
九全 U10 You're supposed to shake hands.
二、高频词汇拓展
culture (n.) → cultural (adj.) 文化的
tradition (n.) → traditional (adj.) 传统的
nation (n.) → national (adj.) 国家的；民族的
memory (n.) → memorize (v.) 记忆；记住 / memorial (adj.) 纪念的
history (n.) → historical (adj.) 历史的
science (n.) → scientific (adj.) 科学的 / scientist (n.) 科学家
technology (n.) → technological (adj.) 科技的
nature (n.) → natural (adj.) 自然的
invent (v.) → invention (n.) 发明 / inventor (n.) 发明家
exhibit (v.) → exhibition (n.) 展览
collect (v.) → collection (n.) 收藏品
govern (v.) → government (n.) 政府
society (n.) → social (adj.) 社会的
environment (n.) → environmental (adj.) 环境的
behave (v.) → behavior (n.) 行为
believe (v.) → belief (n.) 信念；信仰
celebrate (v.) → celebration (n.) 庆祝
admire (v.) → admiration (n.) 钦佩；赞赏
introduce (v.) → introduction (n.) 介绍
suggest (v.) → suggestion (n.) 建议
expect (v.) → expectation (n.) 期待
wonder (v./n.) → wonderful (adj.) 精彩的
improve (v.) → improvement (n.) 改善；进步
encourage (v.) → encouragement (n.) 鼓励
protect (v.) → protection (n.) 保护 / protective (adj.) 保护的
develop (v.) → development (n.) 发展 / developed (adj.) 发达的 / developing (adj.) 发展中的
27. education (n.) → educational (adj.) 有教育意义的
28. enjoy (v.) → enjoyable (adj.) 令人愉快的
29. convenience (n.) → convenient (adj.) 方便的
30. polite (adj.) → politely (adv.) 礼貌地 / impolite (adj.) 不礼貌的
31. similar (adj.) → similarly (adv.) 相似地
32. different (adj.) → difference (n.) 不同 / differently (adv.) 不同地
33. important (adj.) → importance (n.) 重要性
34. necessary (adj.) → necessarily (adv.) 必要地
35. possible (adj.) → possibly (adv.) 可能地 / impossible (adj.) 不可能的
36. direct (adj./v.) → directly (adv.) 直接地 / direction (n.) 方向
三、重点词组活用
（一） 重点词组列表
have been to 去过（某地）
have gone to 去了（某地，未归）
have a great time 玩得开心
learn about 了解
hear of 听说
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be famous for 因……而著名
be known for 因……而闻名
be known as 作为……而闻名
be supposed to 应该
be expected to 被期望；应该
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
used to do 过去常常做某事
look forward to 期待
pay attention to 注意
belong to 属于
depend on 取决于；依靠
agree with 同意（某人）
agree to 同意（计划、建议等）
be similar to 与……相似
be different from 与……不同
such as 例如
for example 例如
in fact 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上
of course 当然
by the way 顺便说一下
in a way 在某种程度上
on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……
in order to 为了
so that 以便；为了
not only... but also... 不仅……而且……
neither... nor... 既不……也不……
either... or... 或者……或者……
both... and... ……和……都
more than 超过；不仅仅
less than 少于
at least 至少
at most 至多
thousands of 成千上万的
millions of 数百万的
a couple of 几个；一对
a kind of 一种
all kinds of 各种各样的
a piece of 一张/片/块……
a pair of 一双/副/对……
take place 发生
take photos/pictures 拍照
take a vacation 度假
take it easy 别紧张；放松
（二） 词组运用练习
你去过故宫博物院吗？ ______ you ever ______ ______ the Palace Museum
答案： Have; been to
中秋节是家人团聚的时刻。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time ______ families to get together.答案： for
在日本，人们初次见面时应该鞠躬。
In Japan, people ______ ______ ______ bow when they meet for the first time.
答案： are supposed to
你能告诉我怎么去最近的银行吗？
Could you please tell me ______ ______ get to the nearest bank
答案： how to
这个博物馆以其古代艺术品收藏而闻名。
The museum ______ ______ ______ its collection of ancient art.
答案： is famous for
我期待着参观那个新的科技博物馆。
I’m ______ ______ ______ visiting the new science museum.
答案： looking forward to
顺便问一下，你知道邮局在哪里吗？
______ ______ ______, do you know where the post office is
答案： By the way
一方面，旅游能开阔我们的视野；另一方面，它也可能很贵。
______ ______ ______ ______, traveling can broaden our minds; ______ ______ ______ ______, it can be expensive.
答案： On the one hand; on the other hand
为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。 He got up early ______ ______ ______ catch the early bus.答案： in order to
这个节日不仅有趣，而且很有教育意义。
This festival is ______ ______ fun ______ ______ educational.
答案： not only; but also
四、课文复述，语境识词
(A) Section B 文章复述 (八下U9 2b)
Have you ever been to Singapore For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a vacation. On the one hand, more than three 11. ______ (quarter) of the population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practice your English. Singapore has a special zoo called the “Night Safari”. It might seem 12. ______ (nature) to see animals at night. But a lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch them. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the 13. ______ (equator). So you can choose to go whenever you like.
答案： 11. quarters 12. natural 13. equator
Section B 文章复述 (九全U2 2b)
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a 14. ______ (tradition) Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. People believe that on this night, the moon is the 15. ______ (bright) and roundest. The festival is mainly about the 16. ______ (important) of family. Families get together to admire the moon and share mooncakes. Mooncakes are the most 17. ______ (tradition) food for this festival. They are round like the moon and carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.
答案： 14. traditional 15. brightest 16. importance 17. traditional
Section B 文章复述 (九全U3 2b)
When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help 18. ______ (polite). For example, “Where are the restrooms ” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ” are 19. ______ (similar) requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. Usually polite questions are longer and include more language such as “Could you please... ” or “Can I ask... ” It might seem more difficult to speak politely, but it is 20. ______ (importance) to learn how to use the right language in different situations.
答案： 18. politely 19. similar 20. important
Section B 文章复述 (九全U10 2b)
My experience in France was 21. ______ (difference) from what I expected. I thought people there would be very relaxed about time. But I was invited to dinner at 8 p.m., and I arrived at 8:10. The friend got angry and said I was 22. ______ (suppose) to arrive at 8. Another time, I met a French friend on the street. I went over to give him a kiss on each cheek, as French people do. But he moved his head! I was 23. ______ (embarrass). Later I learned that French people usually only kiss close friends or family. So, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
答案： 21. different 22. supposed 23. embarrassed
五、考点透析
考点一 宾语从句 (引导词that, if/whether, wh-) ☆☆☆
结构：主句 + 引导词 + 从句 (陈述语序)
引导词选择：
that：陈述事实，常可省略。I think (that) mooncakes are delicious.
if/whether：表示“是否”。I wonder if/whether you have been there.
what, where, when, how, why等：保留疑问词含义。Could you tell me where the restroom is
时态呼应：主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客观真理除外）。
精题巧练：
Could you tell me ______ we will have the meeting
what B. when C. how D. why
答案与解析：B。从句意“你能告诉我我们什么时候开会吗？”可知，缺时间状语，用when。
I don’t know ______ he has been to the Great Wall or not.
if B. whether C. that D. what
答案与解析：B。whether... or not是固定搭配，表示“是否”。
考点二 现在完成时 (have been to vs have gone to) ☆☆☆
have/has been to：表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经回来了。强调经历。
I have been to Shanghai twice. (我现在不在上海。)
have/has gone to：表示“已经去了某地”，可能在路上或已到达，但肯定不在说话地。强调去向。
— Where is Tom — He has gone to the museum. (汤姆现在不在这里。)
精题巧练：
— Where is your brother — He ______ to the library. He will be back in an hour.
goes B. went C. has gone D. has been
答案与解析：C。根据“他一个小时后回来”可知，他现在不在这里，已经去了图书馆，用has gone to。
My parents ______ to many European countries. They love traveling.
have gone B. have been C. went D. go
答案与解析：B。根据“他们热爱旅行”可知，是谈论过去的经历，且现在已回，用have been to。
考点三 be supposed to 的用法 ☆☆☆
含义：表示“应该做某事”，常指根据规定、习俗或安排。
结构：主语 + be supposed to + 动词原形
You are supposed to shake hands. (根据习俗)
The meeting is supposed to start at 9. (根据安排)
否定：be not supposed to 表示“不应该”。
You are not supposed to talk loudly here.
过去形式：was/were supposed to 表示“过去本该（但可能没做）”。
精题巧练：
In China, you ______ use chopsticks to eat noodles.
are supposed to B. are used to C. used to D. suppose to
答案与解析：A。根据中国文化习俗，吃面“应该”用筷子。be supposed to表示“根据习俗应该”。
Students ______ be late for class. It’s a school rule.
aren’t supposed to B. are supposed to C. don’t suppose to D. suppose not to
答案与解析：A。根据校规，学生“不应该”迟到。否定形式aren’t supposed to。
考点四 礼貌请求与问路句型 ☆☆
直接问路 (较直接)：
Where is/are...
How can I get to...
礼貌请求 (更礼貌)：
Could you please tell me where... is/are
Could you please tell me how to get to...
Excuse me, do you know where... is
I wonder if you could tell me...
精题巧练：
— ______, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest subway station — Sure. Go straight and turn left.
Sorry B. Hello C. Excuse me D. Pardon
答案与解析：C。向陌生人问路时，常用Excuse me开头以示礼貌。
Which sentence sounds more polite
Where’s the bank B. Tell me where the bank is.
Could you tell me where the bank is D. I want to know where the bank is.
答案与解析：C。使用Could you please... 句型是最礼貌的请求方式。
六、语法点归纳
一、 宾语从句的语序与时态
语序：永远用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。
错误：Do you know where is he
正确：Do you know where he is
时态：
主句现在时（一般现在、现在完成等），从句根据实际情况用任何时态。
I think he is/was/will be there.
主句过去时（一般过去），从句用相应的过去时态（一般过去、过去进行、过去完成、过去将来）。
He said he was tired. (主句said过去，从句was过去)
客观真理、自然现象、名言警句，从句永远用一般现在时。
The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.
二、 used to do, be used to doing, be used to do 辨析
used to do：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）。
I used to go to that museum. (我以前常去。)
be/get used to doing：习惯于做某事。to是介词。
I am used to eating with chopsticks. (我习惯用筷子吃饭。)
be used to do：被用来做某事。to do是不定式，表目的。
Knives are used to cut things. (刀被用来切东西。)
精题巧练：
My grandfather ______ live in the countryside, but now he lives with us in the city.
is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to
答案与解析：B。根据“但现在他和我们住在城里”可知，是“过去常常”住在乡下，用used to do。
After living in Beijing for two years, she ______ the busy life there.
used to B. is used to C. was used to D. gets used to
答案与解析：B。根据“在北京住了两年后”，表示“已经习惯于”忙碌的生活，用is used to doing，此处doing省略。
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.— Have you ever ______ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an — Yes, I ______ there last summer.
been to; went B. gone to; went C. been to; have been D. gone to; have been
答案与解析：A。问“是否去过”，用have been to；答语有具体时间last summer，用一般过去时went。
（ ）2.Could you tell me ______ the post office is
where B. what C. when D. how
答案与解析：A。宾语从句，从句缺地点状语，用where。
（ ）3.In Korea, people ______ take off their shoes before entering a house.
are supposed to B. are used to C. used to D. suppose to
答案与解析：A。根据文化习俗，“应该”脱鞋，用are supposed to。
（ ）4.I wonder ______ you can come to my birthday party tomorrow.
that B. if C. what D. how
答案与解析：B。wonder后接宾语从句，表示“想知道是否”，用if/whether。
（ ）5.The Dragon Boat Festival ______ the famous poet Qu Yuan.
is known for B. is known as C. is famous as D. is used to
答案与解析：A。端午节“因”屈原而闻名，用be known/famous for。
（ ）6.— ______, is there a bookstore near here — Yes, there’s one on Main Street.
Sorry B. Hello C. Pardon D. Excuse me
答案与解析：D。向陌生人问路，用Excuse me开头。
（ ）7.My uncle ______ in London, but now he works in Shanghai.
is used to live B. used to living C. used to live D. is used to living
答案与解析：C。根据“但现在他在上海工作”，可知是“过去常常”住在伦敦，用used to do。
（ ）8.The guide said that light ______ faster than sound.
traveled B. travels C. will travel D. has traveled
答案与解析：B。宾语从句中，尽管主句是过去时，但“光速比声速快”是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。
（ ）9.We are looking forward ______ the traditional food during the Spring Festival.
to eat B. to eating C. eating D. eat
答案与解析：B。look forward to中的to是介词，后接动名词eating。
（ ）10.It’s impolite to ask ______ questions about someone’s age or salary in some cultures.
direct B. directly C. indirect D. indirectly
答案与解析：A。修饰名词questions用形容词direct（直接的）。句意：在一些文化中，直接询问年龄或薪水是不礼貌的。
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling is a great way to learn about different 11. ______ (culture). Last year, I had an unforgettable experience in Japan. I 12. ______ (visit) many temples and tried traditional Japanese food. I learned that in Japan, people 13. ______ (suppose) to bow when they greet each other. It was quite 14. ______ (difference) from my own country.Before I went, I 15. ______ (wonder) how to ask for directions politely. My friend told me that I should say, “Sumimasen, could you please tell me 16. ______ the station is ” instead of just “Where is the station ” Using polite language is very 17. ______ (importance).I also went to a hot spring. At first, I wasn’t 18. ______ (use) to bathing in public, but I soon got used to it. It was very relaxing.This trip not only helped me 19. ______ (see) beautiful places but also taught me to respect local customs. As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do 20. ______ the Romans do.”
答案与解析：
11.cultures。different后接可数名词复数。
12.visited。last year是一般过去时标志。
13.are supposed。表示“应该”，用一般现在时被动语态。
14.different。be different from 固定搭配。
15.wondered。主句动作发生在过去（去之前）。
16.where。宾语从句，从句缺地点状语。
17.important。is后接形容词作表语。
18.used。be used to doing习惯于，此处to是介词。
19.see。help sb. (to) do sth.。
20. as。do as the Romans do 入乡随俗。
二、语篇能力提升 (共40分)
(一) 完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Understanding and respecting local customs is very important when you travel abroad. It shows that you care about the 21 and their way of life. It can also help you avoid uncomfortable situations.For example, in many Asian countries like Japan and Korea, it is 22 to take off your shoes before entering someone‘s home. This is to keep the house clean. In these countries, you are also 23 to use both hands when giving or receiving something, especially from older people. It’s a sign of respect.In some Middle Eastern countries, using your left hand to eat or give things is considered 24 because the left hand is traditionally used for personal hygiene (卫生). So, always use your right hand.Gift-giving customs also vary. In China, a clock is not a good gift because the word for “clock” sounds like the word for “death”. In Japan, gifts should be given and received with 25 hands, and it’s polite not to open the gift immediately in front of the giver.When it comes to communication, directness is valued in countries like the United States and Germany. But in many Asian cultures, people may be more indirect to be polite and avoid 26 . For example, instead of saying “no” directly, they might say “I’ll think about it” or “It’s a little difficult.”Body language is another area. A thumbs-up sign means “good job” in the U.S., but it can be 27 in some parts of the Middle East. Making eye contact is a sign of confidence in the West, but in some Asian cultures, too much eye contact, especially with someone older or in a higher position, can be seen as 28 .The key is to 29 before you go. Read about the customs of your destination. When in doubt, observe what local people do and follow their lead. Remember, most people will 30 your effort to respect their culture, even if you make a small mistake. Travel is about learning and connecting, and respecting customs is a big part of that.
（ ）21.A. friends B. family C. locals D. tourists
（ ）22. A. polite B. impolite C. possible D. impossible
（ ）23. A. expected B. allowed C. refused D. invited
（ ）24. A. polite B. rude C. modern D. traditional
（ ）25. A. left B. right C. both D. either
（ ）26. A. agreement B. discussion C. happiness D. embarrassment
（ ）27. A. offensive B. friendly C. common D. useful
（ ）28. A. respectful B. confident C. dishonest D. shy
（ ）29. A. rest B. research C. pack D. worry
（ ）30. A. forget B. ignore C. criticize D. appreciate
答案与解析：
C。尊重当地习俗表明你关心“当地人”及其生活方式。
22. A。根据常识和上下文，进屋脱鞋是“有礼貌的”。
23. A。be expected to 被期望，应该。用双手递接东西是一种社会期望。
24. B。根据because后的解释，用左手被视为“粗鲁的”。
25. C。与上文第23空呼应，在日本，送礼和收礼都用“双手”。
26. D。为了避免直接拒绝带来的“尴尬”，人们说话更委婉。
27. A。but表示转折，与美国含义相反，在某些中东地区可能具有“冒犯性”。
28. C。too much eye contact在某些亚洲文化中可能被视为“不诚实”或挑衅，与西方的“自信”相反。
29. B。research研究，调查。出发前要“研究”目的地习俗。
30. D。appreciate欣赏，感激。人们会“感激”你尊重他们文化的努力。
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Museums are not just buildings full of old things. They are places where we can connect with history, art, science, and culture. They help us understand where we come from and inspire us to think about the future.There are many different types of museums. History museums show us how people lived in the past. Art museums let us admire beautiful paintings and sculptures. Science museums make complex ideas fun and easy to understand through interactive (互动的) exhibits. Natural history museums introduce us to the amazing world of plants and animals.Visiting a museum can be a great learning experience for people of all ages. For students, it brings textbook knowledge to life. For families, it’s a fun way to spend time together and learn something new. Many museums also offer workshops, lectures, and special events.In today’s digital world, museums are also going online. You can take virtual tours (虚拟游览) of famous museums like the Louvre in Paris or the British Museum in London from your own home. This makes culture and education more accessible to everyone.So next time you have a free afternoon, consider visiting a museum. You might be surprised at how much you enjoy it and how much you learn!
（ ）31.What is the main idea of the first paragraph
Museums are old buildings. B. Museums are only about history.
Museums have many different purposes. D. Museums are not important anymore.
（ ）32.Which type of museum might have a dinosaur skeleton (骨架)
A history museum. B. An art museum.
A science museum. D. A natural history museum.
（ ）33.How can museums help students according to the passage
By giving them free textbooks. B. By making their knowledge more real.
By offering them jobs. D. By letting them play games.
（ ）34.What does “accessible” mean in Paragraph 4
Difficult to reach. B. Easy to reach or use.
C. Very expensive. D. Completely free.
（ ）35. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To compare different museums. B. To criticize traditional museums.
C. To encourage people to visit museums. D. To explain how to build a museum.
答案与解析：
31.C。段落主旨题。第一段阐述了博物馆的多重作用和意义。
32.D。细节理解题。恐龙骨架属于自然历史博物馆的范畴。
33.B。细节理解题。第三段“it brings textbook knowledge to life”即让知识变得更真实。
34.B。词义猜测题。通过虚拟游览，文化和教育变得对每个人来说都更“容易获取/使用”。
35. C。写作目的题。全文介绍博物馆的好处，最后一段鼓励大家去参观，目的是鼓励人们参观博物馆。
B
The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. It marks the beginning of the lunar new year. The date changes each year, usually falling between January 21 and February 20.Preparations begin about a week before the festival. People clean their houses thoroughly, which symbolizes sweeping away bad luck. They also decorate their homes with red couplets (对联), lanterns, and the character “Fu” (福) upside down, which means “good fortune arrives”.
On New Year’s Eve, families gather for a big reunion dinner. This meal is very rich, often including fish (which sounds like “surplus” in Chinese, meaning having more than needed), dumplings (shaped like ancient money), and niangao (a sticky rice cake meaning “higher year after year”).After dinner, people often stay up late or all night, which is called “shousui” (守岁), to welcome the new year.
At midnight, fireworks light up the sky to scare away evil spirits.During the festival, people visit relatives and friends, exchanging greetings like “Xinnian Kuaile” (Happy New Year) and “Gongxi Facai” (Wishing you prosperity). Children receive red envelopes (hongbao) with money inside from elders for good luck.The festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. People eat sweet rice balls (tangyuan) and admire colorful lanterns.The Spring Festival is not only celebrated in China but also in many other countries with Chinese communities. It is a time for family, hope, and new beginnings.
（ ）36.How long do the Spring Festival celebrations last
One week. B. About a week before and a week after.
15 days. D. From January 21 to February 20.
（ ）37.Why do people clean their houses before the festival
A. To make room for new furniture. B. To symbolize getting rid of bad luck.
C. Because they have free time. D. To prepare for guests.
（ ）38. What does eating fish during the reunion dinner symbolize
A. Health. B. Happiness.
C. Having more than needed. D. Family reunion.
（ ）39. What do children get during the festival for good luck
A. New clothes. B. Sticky rice cakes.
C. Red envelopes with money. D. Fireworks.
（ ）40. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. tell a story about a family’s Spring Festival
B. explain the history of the Spring Festival
C. introduce the customs and meanings of the Spring Festival
D. compare the Spring Festival with Western New Year
答案与解析：
36.C。细节理解题。倒数第二段“The festival lasts for 15 days”。
37. B。细节理解题。第二段“which symbolizes sweeping away bad luck”。
38. C。细节理解题。第三段括号内解释“meaning having more than needed”。
39. C。细节理解题。第五段“Children receive red envelopes (hongbao) with money inside”。
40. C。主旨大意题。全文介绍了春节的日期、准备活动、除夕习俗、节日活动及其象征意义，目的是介绍春节的习俗和含义。
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike给你发邮件，说他下个月要来中国旅游，想了解一些中国的文化习俗，以便更好地融入。请你给他回一封邮件，介绍一两个重要的中国习俗并提出建议。提示：
介绍一个中国习俗（如餐桌礼仪、送礼禁忌、问候方式等）及其含义。
就如何尊重中国习俗给他提一两点建议。
表达对他到来的期待。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China next month. To help you better understand Chinese culture, I’d like to share some customs with you.
I’m looking forward to your visit!Best wishes,Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Mike,I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China next month. To help you better understand Chinese culture, I’d like to share some customs with you.In China, it’s a common custom to use chopsticks for meals. When eating, you should not stick your chopsticks upright in your rice bowl, as it reminds people of incense (香) for the dead, which is considered unlucky. Also, it’s polite to try a bit of every dish offered by the host.My suggestion is to observe how local people behave and ask if you‘re unsure. Most Chinese people are friendly and will appreciate your effort to respect our customs.
I’m looking forward to your visit!Best wishes,Li Hua/ 让教学更效 高效备考 | 英语学科
2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十三讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
八下 U9 Have you ever been to a museum
九全 U2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
九全 U3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
九全 U10 You're supposed to shake hands.
二、高频词汇拓展
culture (n.) → (adj.) 文化的
tradition (n.) → (adj.) 传统的
nation (n.) → (adj.) 国家的；民族的
memory (n.) → (v.) 记忆；记住 / (adj.) 纪念的
history (n.) → (adj.) 历史的
science (n.) → (adj.) 科学的 / (n.) 科学家
technology (n.) → (adj.) 科技的
nature (n.) → (adj.) 自然的
invent (v.) → (n.) 发明 / inventor (n.) 发明家
exhibit (v.) → (n.) 展览
collect (v.) → (n.) 收藏品
govern (v.) → (n.) 政府
society (n.) → (adj.) 社会的
environment (n.) → (adj.) 环境的
behave (v.) → (n.) 行为
believe (v.) → (n.) 信念；信仰
celebrate (v.) → (n.) 庆祝
admire (v.) → (n.) 钦佩；赞赏
introduce (v.) → (n.) 介绍
suggest (v.) → (n.) 建议
expect (v.) → (n.) 期待
wonder (v./n.) → (adj.) 精彩的
improve (v.) → (n.) 改善；进步
encourage (v.) → (n.) 鼓励
protect (v.) → (n.) 保护 / (adj.) 保护的
develop (v.) → (n.) 发展 / (adj.) 发达的 / (adj.) 发展中的
27. education (n.) → (adj.) 有教育意义的
28. enjoy (v.) → (adj.) 令人愉快的
29. convenience (n.) → (adj.) 方便的
30. polite (adj.) → (adv.) 礼貌地 / (adj.) 不礼貌的
31. similar (adj.) → (adv.) 相似地
32. different (adj.) → (n.) 不同 / differently (adv.) 不同地
33. important (adj.) → (n.) 重要性
34. necessary (adj.) → (adv.) 必要地
35. possible (adj.) → (adv.) 可能地 / (adj.) 不可能的
36. direct (adj./v.) → (adv.) 直接地 / (n.) 方向
三、重点词组活用
（一） 重点词组列表
have been to 去过（某地）
have gone to 去了（某地，未归）
have a great time 玩得开心
learn about 了解
hear of 听说
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be famous for 因……而著名
be known for 因……而闻名
be known as 作为……而闻名
be supposed to 应该
be expected to 被期望；应该
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
used to do 过去常常做某事
look forward to 期待
pay attention to 注意
belong to 属于
depend on 取决于；依靠
agree with 同意（某人）
agree to 同意（计划、建议等）
be similar to 与……相似
be different from 与……不同
such as 例如
for example 例如
in fact 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上
of course 当然
by the way 顺便说一下
in a way 在某种程度上
on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……
in order to 为了
so that 以便；为了
not only... but also... 不仅……而且……
neither... nor... 既不……也不……
either... or... 或者……或者……
both... and... ……和……都
more than 超过；不仅仅
less than 少于
at least 至少
at most 至多
thousands of 成千上万的
millions of 数百万的
a couple of 几个；一对
a kind of 一种
all kinds of 各种各样的
a piece of 一张/片/块……
a pair of 一双/副/对……
take place 发生
take photos/pictures 拍照
take a vacation 度假
take it easy 别紧张；放松
（二） 词组运用练习
你去过故宫博物院吗？ ______ you ever ______ ______ the Palace Museum
中秋节是家人团聚的时刻。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time ______ families to get together.
在日本，人们初次见面时应该鞠躬。
In Japan, people ______ ______ ______ bow when they meet for the first time.
你能告诉我怎么去最近的银行吗？
Could you please tell me ______ ______ get to the nearest bank
这个博物馆以其古代艺术品收藏而闻名。
The museum ______ ______ ______ its collection of ancient art.
我期待着参观那个新的科技博物馆。
I’m ______ ______ ______ visiting the new science museum.
顺便问一下，你知道邮局在哪里吗？
______ ______ ______, do you know where the post office is
一方面，旅游能开阔我们的视野；另一方面，它也可能很贵。
______ ______ ______ ______, traveling can broaden our minds; ______ ______ ______ ______, it can be expensive.
为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。 He got up early ______ ______ ______ catch the early bus.
这个节日不仅有趣，而且很有教育意义。
This festival is ______ ______ fun ______ ______ educational.
四、课文复述，语境识词
(A) Section B 文章复述 (八下U9 2b)
Have you ever been to Singapore For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a vacation. On the one hand, more than three 11. ______ (quarter) of the population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practice your English. Singapore has a special zoo called the “Night Safari”. It might seem 12. ______ (nature) to see animals at night. But a lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch them. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the 13. ______ (equator). So you can choose to go whenever you like.
Section B 文章复述 (九全U2 2b)
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a 14. ______ (tradition) Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. People believe that on this night, the moon is the 15. ______ (bright) and roundest. The festival is mainly about the 16. ______ (important) of family. Families get together to admire the moon and share mooncakes. Mooncakes are the most 17. ______ (tradition) food for this festival. They are round like the moon and carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.
Section B 文章复述 (九全U3 2b)
When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help 18. ______ (polite). For example, “Where are the restrooms ” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ” are 19. ______ (similar) requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. Usually polite questions are longer and include more language such as “Could you please... ” or “Can I ask... ” It might seem more difficult to speak politely, but it is 20. ______ (importance) to learn how to use the right language in different situations.
Section B 文章复述 (九全U10 2b)
My experience in France was 21. ______ (difference) from what I expected. I thought people there would be very relaxed about time. But I was invited to dinner at 8 p.m., and I arrived at 8:10. The friend got angry and said I was 22. ______ (suppose) to arrive at 8. Another time, I met a French friend on the street. I went over to give him a kiss on each cheek, as French people do. But he moved his head! I was 23. ______ (embarrass). Later I learned that French people usually only kiss close friends or family. So, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
五、考点透析
考点一 宾语从句 (引导词that, if/whether, wh-) ☆☆☆
结构：主句 + 引导词 + 从句 (陈述语序)
引导词选择：
that：陈述事实，常可省略。I think (that) mooncakes are delicious.
if/whether：表示“是否”。I wonder if/whether you have been there.
what, where, when, how, why等：保留疑问词含义。Could you tell me where the restroom is
时态呼应：主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客观真理除外）。
精题巧练：
Could you tell me ______ we will have the meeting
what B. when C. how D. why
I don’t know ______ he has been to the Great Wall or not.
if B. whether C. that D. what
考点二 现在完成时 (have been to vs have gone to) ☆☆☆
have/has been to：表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经回来了。强调经历。
I have been to Shanghai twice. (我现在不在上海。)
have/has gone to：表示“已经去了某地”，可能在路上或已到达，但肯定不在说话地。强调去向。
— Where is Tom — He has gone to the museum. (汤姆现在不在这里。)
精题巧练：
— Where is your brother — He ______ to the library. He will be back in an hour.
goes B. went C. has gone D. has been
My parents ______ to many European countries. They love traveling.
have gone B. have been C. went D. go
考点三 be supposed to 的用法 ☆☆☆
含义：表示“应该做某事”，常指根据规定、习俗或安排。
结构：主语 + be supposed to + 动词原形
You are supposed to shake hands. (根据习俗)
The meeting is supposed to start at 9. (根据安排)
否定：be not supposed to 表示“不应该”。
You are not supposed to talk loudly here.
过去形式：was/were supposed to 表示“过去本该（但可能没做）”。
精题巧练：
In China, you ______ use chopsticks to eat noodles.
are supposed to B. are used to C. used to D. suppose to
Students ______ be late for class. It’s a school rule.
aren’t supposed to B. are supposed to C. don’t suppose to D. suppose not to
考点四 礼貌请求与问路句型 ☆☆
直接问路 (较直接)：
Where is/are...
How can I get to...
礼貌请求 (更礼貌)：
Could you please tell me where... is/are
Could you please tell me how to get to...
Excuse me, do you know where... is
I wonder if you could tell me...
精题巧练：
— ______, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest subway station — Sure. Go straight and turn left.
Sorry B. Hello C. Excuse me D. Pardon
Which sentence sounds more polite
Where’s the bank B. Tell me where the bank is.
Could you tell me where the bank is D. I want to know where the bank is.
六、语法点归纳
一、 宾语从句的语序与时态
语序：永远用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。
错误：Do you know where is he
正确：Do you know where he is
时态：
主句现在时（一般现在、现在完成等），从句根据实际情况用任何时态。
I think he is/was/will be there.
主句过去时（一般过去），从句用相应的过去时态（一般过去、过去进行、过去完成、过去将来）。
He said he was tired. (主句said过去，从句was过去)
客观真理、自然现象、名言警句，从句永远用一般现在时。
The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.
二、 used to do, be used to doing, be used to do 辨析
used to do：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）。
I used to go to that museum. (我以前常去。)
be/get used to doing：习惯于做某事。to是介词。
I am used to eating with chopsticks. (我习惯用筷子吃饭。)
be used to do：被用来做某事。to do是不定式，表目的。
Knives are used to cut things. (刀被用来切东西。)
精题巧练：
My grandfather ______ live in the countryside, but now he lives with us in the city.
is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to
After living in Beijing for two years, she ______ the busy life there.
used to B. is used to C. was used to D. gets used to
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.— Have you ever ______ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an — Yes, I ______ there last summer.
been to; went B. gone to; went C. been to; have been D. gone to; have been
（ ）2.Could you tell me ______ the post office is
where B. what C. when D. how
（ ）3.In Korea, people ______ take off their shoes before entering a house.
are supposed to B. are used to C. used to D. suppose to
（ ）4.I wonder ______ you can come to my birthday party tomorrow.
that B. if C. what D. how
（ ）5.The Dragon Boat Festival ______ the famous poet Qu Yuan.
is known for B. is known as C. is famous as D. is used to
（ ）6.— ______, is there a bookstore near here — Yes, there’s one on Main Street.
Sorry B. Hello C. Pardon D. Excuse me
（ ）7.My uncle ______ in London, but now he works in Shanghai.
is used to live B. used to living C. used to live D. is used to living
（ ）8.The guide said that light ______ faster than sound.
traveled B. travels C. will travel D. has traveled
（ ）9.We are looking forward ______ the traditional food during the Spring Festival.
to eat B. to eating C. eating D. eat
（ ）10.It’s impolite to ask ______ questions about someone’s age or salary in some cultures.
direct B. directly C. indirect D. indirectly
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling is a great way to learn about different 11. ______ (culture). Last year, I had an unforgettable experience in Japan. I 12. ______ (visit) many temples and tried traditional Japanese food. I learned that in Japan, people 13. ______ (suppose) to bow when they greet each other. It was quite 14. ______ (difference) from my own country.Before I went, I 15. ______ (wonder) how to ask for directions politely. My friend told me that I should say, “Sumimasen, could you please tell me 16. ______ the station is ” instead of just “Where is the station ” Using polite language is very 17. ______ (importance).I also went to a hot spring. At first, I wasn’t 18. ______ (use) to bathing in public, but I soon got used to it. It was very relaxing.This trip not only helped me 19. ______ (see) beautiful places but also taught me to respect local customs. As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do 20. ______ the Romans do.”
二、语篇能力提升 (共40分)
(一) 完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Understanding and respecting local customs is very important when you travel abroad. It shows that you care about the 21 and their way of life. It can also help you avoid uncomfortable situations.For example, in many Asian countries like Japan and Korea, it is 22 to take off your shoes before entering someone‘s home. This is to keep the house clean. In these countries, you are also 23 to use both hands when giving or receiving something, especially from older people. It’s a sign of respect.In some Middle Eastern countries, using your left hand to eat or give things is considered 24 because the left hand is traditionally used for personal hygiene (卫生). So, always use your right hand.Gift-giving customs also vary. In China, a clock is not a good gift because the word for “clock” sounds like the word for “death”. In Japan, gifts should be given and received with 25 hands, and it’s polite not to open the gift immediately in front of the giver.When it comes to communication, directness is valued in countries like the United States and Germany. But in many Asian cultures, people may be more indirect to be polite and avoid 26 . For example, instead of saying “no” directly, they might say “I’ll think about it” or “It’s a little difficult.”Body language is another area. A thumbs-up sign means “good job” in the U.S., but it can be 27 in some parts of the Middle East. Making eye contact is a sign of confidence in the West, but in some Asian cultures, too much eye contact, especially with someone older or in a higher position, can be seen as 28 .The key is to 29 before you go. Read about the customs of your destination. When in doubt, observe what local people do and follow their lead. Remember, most people will 30 your effort to respect their culture, even if you make a small mistake. Travel is about learning and connecting, and respecting customs is a big part of that.
（ ）21.A. friends B. family C. locals D. tourists
（ ）22. A. polite B. impolite C. possible D. impossible
（ ）23. A. expected B. allowed C. refused D. invited
（ ）24. A. polite B. rude C. modern D. traditional
（ ）25. A. left B. right C. both D. either
（ ）26. A. agreement B. discussion C. happiness D. embarrassment
（ ）27. A. offensive B. friendly C. common D. useful
（ ）28. A. respectful B. confident C. dishonest D. shy
（ ）29. A. rest B. research C. pack D. worry
（ ）30. A. forget B. ignore C. criticize D. appreciate
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Museums are not just buildings full of old things. They are places where we can connect with history, art, science, and culture. They help us understand where we come from and inspire us to think about the future.There are many different types of museums. History museums show us how people lived in the past. Art museums let us admire beautiful paintings and sculptures. Science museums make complex ideas fun and easy to understand through interactive (互动的) exhibits. Natural history museums introduce us to the amazing world of plants and animals.Visiting a museum can be a great learning experience for people of all ages. For students, it brings textbook knowledge to life. For families, it’s a fun way to spend time together and learn something new. Many museums also offer workshops, lectures, and special events.In today’s digital world, museums are also going online. You can take virtual tours (虚拟游览) of famous museums like the Louvre in Paris or the British Museum in London from your own home. This makes culture and education more accessible to everyone.So next time you have a free afternoon, consider visiting a museum. You might be surprised at how much you enjoy it and how much you learn!
（ ）31.What is the main idea of the first paragraph
Museums are old buildings. B. Museums are only about history.
Museums have many different purposes. D. Museums are not important anymore.
（ ）32.Which type of museum might have a dinosaur skeleton (骨架)
A history museum. B. An art museum.
A science museum. D. A natural history museum.
（ ）33.How can museums help students according to the passage
By giving them free textbooks. B. By making their knowledge more real.
By offering them jobs. D. By letting them play games.
（ ）34.What does “accessible” mean in Paragraph 4
Difficult to reach. B. Easy to reach or use.
C. Very expensive. D. Completely free.
（ ）35. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To compare different museums. B. To criticize traditional museums.
C. To encourage people to visit museums. D. To explain how to build a museum.
B
The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. It marks the beginning of the lunar new year. The date changes each year, usually falling between January 21 and February 20.Preparations begin about a week before the festival. People clean their houses thoroughly, which symbolizes sweeping away bad luck. They also decorate their homes with red couplets (对联), lanterns, and the character “Fu” (福) upside down, which means “good fortune arrives”.
On New Year’s Eve, families gather for a big reunion dinner. This meal is very rich, often including fish (which sounds like “surplus” in Chinese, meaning having more than needed), dumplings (shaped like ancient money), and niangao (a sticky rice cake meaning “higher year after year”).After dinner, people often stay up late or all night, which is called “shousui” (守岁), to welcome the new year.
At midnight, fireworks light up the sky to scare away evil spirits.During the festival, people visit relatives and friends, exchanging greetings like “Xinnian Kuaile” (Happy New Year) and “Gongxi Facai” (Wishing you prosperity). Children receive red envelopes (hongbao) with money inside from elders for good luck.The festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. People eat sweet rice balls (tangyuan) and admire colorful lanterns.The Spring Festival is not only celebrated in China but also in many other countries with Chinese communities. It is a time for family, hope, and new beginnings.
（ ）36.How long do the Spring Festival celebrations last
One week. B. About a week before and a week after.
15 days. D. From January 21 to February 20.
（ ）37.Why do people clean their houses before the festival
A. To make room for new furniture. B. To symbolize getting rid of bad luck.
C. Because they have free time. D. To prepare for guests.
（ ）38. What does eating fish during the reunion dinner symbolize
A. Health. B. Happiness.
C. Having more than needed. D. Family reunion.
（ ）39. What do children get during the festival for good luck
A. New clothes. B. Sticky rice cakes.
C. Red envelopes with money. D. Fireworks.
（ ）40. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. tell a story about a family’s Spring Festival
B. explain the history of the Spring Festival
C. introduce the customs and meanings of the Spring Festival
D. compare the Spring Festival with Western New Year
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike给你发邮件，说他下个月要来中国旅游，想了解一些中国的文化习俗，以便更好地融入。请你给他回一封邮件，介绍一两个重要的中国习俗并提出建议。提示：
介绍一个中国习俗（如餐桌礼仪、送礼禁忌、问候方式等）及其含义。
就如何尊重中国习俗给他提一两点建议。
表达对他到来的期待。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China next month. To help you better understand Chinese culture, I’d like to share some customs with you.
I’m looking forward to your visit!Best wishes,Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Mike,I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China next month. To help you better understand Chinese culture, I’d like to share some customs with you.In China, it’s a common custom to use chopsticks for meals. When eating, you should not stick your chopsticks upright in your rice bowl, as it reminds people of incense (香) for the dead, which is considered unlucky. Also, it’s polite to try a bit of every dish offered by the host.My suggestion is to observe how local people behave and ask if you‘re unsure. Most Chinese people are friendly and will appreciate your effort to respect our customs.
I’m looking forward to your visit!Best wishes,Li Hua

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