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2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十五讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
七下 U5 Why do you like pandas
七下 U7 It’s raining!
八下 U7 What’s the highest mountain in the world
九全 U8 It must belong to Carla.
九全 U13 We’re trying to save the earth!
二、高频词汇拓展
1.nature (n.) → natural (adj.) → naturally (adv.) 自然；自然的；自然地
2. environment (n.) → environmental (adj.) 环境；环境的
3. pollute (v.) → pollution (n.) → polluted (adj.) 污染；污染；被污染的
4. protect (v.) → protection (n.) 保护；保护
5. recycle (v.) → recycling (n.) 回收利用；回收利用
6. dangerous (adj.) → danger (n.) 危险的；危险
7. safe (adj.) → safety (n.) 安全的；安全
8. healthy (adj.) → health (n.) 健康的；健康
9. extinct (adj.) → extinction (n.) 灭绝的；灭绝
10. important (adj.) → importance (n.) 重要的；重要性
11. strong (adj.) → strength (n.) 强壮的；力量
12. weak (adj.) → weakness (n.) 虚弱的；弱点
13. cloud (n.) → cloudy (adj.) 云；多云的
14. rain (n./v.) → rainy (adj.) 下雨；下雨的
15. snow (n./v.) → snowy (adj.) 下雪；下雪的
16. wind (n.) → windy (adj.) 风；有风的
17. sun (n.) → sunny (adj.) 太阳；晴朗的
18. industry (n.) → industrial (adj.) 工业；工业的
19. noise (n.) → noisy (adj.) 噪音；吵闹的
20. improve (v.) → improvement (n.) 改善；改进
21. develop (v.) → development (n.) 发展；发展
22. destroy (v.) → destruction (n.) 破坏；破坏
23. harm (v./n.) → harmful (adj.) 危害；有害的
三、重点词组活用
(一) 重点词组列表
save the earth 拯救地球
protect the environment 保护环境
reduce pollution 减少污染
recycle waste 回收废物
reuse materials 再利用材料
save energy 节约能源
save water 节约用水
turn off the lights 关灯
pick up litter 捡垃圾
throw away rubbish 扔掉垃圾
cut down trees 砍伐树木
plant trees 植树
be good for the environment 对环境有益
be bad for the environment 对环境有害
be harmful to health 对健康有害
be in danger 处于危险中
be out of danger 脱离危险
take care of animals 照顾动物
look after the earth 照看地球
care for nature 关爱自然
belong to nature 属于自然
be made of natural materials 由天然材料制成
be covered with snow/ice 被雪/冰覆盖
be full of life 充满生机
be known for its beauty 因其美丽而闻名
be famous for its wildlife 因其野生动物而著名
be proud of our planet 为我们的星球感到自豪
be interested in environmental protection 对环境保护感兴趣
be worried about climate change 担心气候变化
be afraid of natural disasters 害怕自然灾害
be surprised at the damage 对破坏感到惊讶
be excited about green technology 对绿色技术感到兴奋
live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
depend on natural resources 依赖自然资源
cause serious problems 导致严重问题
find solutions 找到解决方案
take action 采取行动
change bad habits 改变坏习惯
improve the situation 改善状况
make a difference 产生影响
(二、)词组运用练习
1.我们应该尽力保护环境。 We should try our best to ______ ______ ______.
答案： protect the environment
2.关掉不用的灯可以节约能源。 ______ ______ the lights when not in use can ______ ______.
答案： Turning off; save energy
3.乱扔垃圾对环境有害。 ______ ______ is ______ ______ the environment.
答案： Throwing litter; bad for
4.许多野生动物正面临危险。 Many wild animals ______ ______ ______.
答案： are in danger
5.地球是我们共同的家园，我们应该照顾好它。
The earth is our common home, and we should ______ ______ ______ it.
答案： take care of
6.塑料污染对海洋生物非常有害。 Plastic pollution ______ very ______ ______ sea life.
答案： is; harmful to
7.我们为祖国美丽的山川感到自豪。
We ______ ______ ______ the beautiful mountains and rivers of our country.
答案： are proud of
8.越来越多的人开始关注气候变化。 More and more people begin to ______ ______ climate change.
答案： care about / be worried about
9.回收利用旧报纸是个好习惯。 ______ ______ old newspapers is a good habit.
答案： Recycling
10.每个人都可以通过小小的行动带来改变。 Everyone can ______ ______ ______ through small actions.答案： make a difference
四、考点透析
考点一 情态动词表推测 (must, can‘t, could, might, may) ☆☆☆
用法：表示对现在情况的推测。
must：一定，肯定 (只用于肯定句)。
The light is on. He must be at home.
can’t：不可能 (否定推测)。
He can’t be in Beijing. I saw him here an hour ago.
could/might/may：可能，语气依次更弱，更不确定。
He might/could/may be in the library.
结构：情态动词 + 动词原形 (对现在动作的推测)；情态动词 + be + doing (对正在进行的动作的推测)；情态动词 + have + 过去分词 (对过去的推测，中考较少)。
精题巧练：
— Whose notebook is this — It ______ be Carla’s. Look, her name is on the cover.
must B. can’t C. might D. needn’t
答案与解析：A。封面上有名字，是肯定性很强的推测，“一定是”卡拉的，用must。
The man over there ______ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Shanghai.
mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. won’t
答案与解析：B。他已经去上海了，所以那边那个人“不可能是”王先生，用can’t表示否定推测。
考点二 动词不定式作目的状语 ☆☆☆
结构：to do sth. 放在句中，表示做某事的目的。
We need to take action to protect wild animals. (我们需要采取行动来保护野生动物。)
He got up early to catch the first bus.
同义表达：in order to do sth. (更正式)，so as to do sth. (不用于句首)。
精题巧练：
Many people go to the park ______ morning exercises.
do B. doing C. to do D. did
答案与解析：C。去公园的目的是做早操，用不定式to do作目的状语。
We should use both sides of paper ______ waste.
reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced
答案与解析：C。使用纸张两面的目的是减少浪费，用不定式to reduce作目的状语。
考点三 现在进行时表将来 ☆☆
用法：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常用于表示位置移动的动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive等。
We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. (我们明天要去北京。)
The train is arriving in ten minutes.
精题巧练：
— What are you doing this weekend — I ______ my grandparents in the countryside.
visit B. will visit C. am visiting D. visited
答案与解析：C。询问本周末的计划，用现在进行时表将来，am visiting。
Hurry up! The bus ______.
comes B. came C. is coming D. has come
答案与解析：C。公交车“马上就要来了”，用现在进行时is coming表将来。
考点四 连词so与because的辨析 ☆☆
so (所以)：表示结果，连接两个有因果关系的句子，so后是结果。
It was raining hard, so we stayed at home.
because (因为)：表示原因，引导原因状语从句，because后是原因。
We stayed at home because it was raining hard.
注意：so和because不能在同一句中连用，因为一个表因一个表果，用一个即可。
精题巧练：
The air is heavily polluted, ______ we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
or B. but C. so D. because
答案与解析：C。空气污染严重是原因，“所以我们”应该乘坐公共交通是结果，用so。
We should protect pandas ______ they are an endangered species.
so B. but C. or D. because
答案与解析：D。我们应该保护熊猫“因为”它们是濒危物种，用because引导原因。
六、语法点归纳
一、 形容词变副词规则
一般情况：形容词 + ly → quick → quickly, slow → slowly
以y结尾：变y为i再加ly → happy → happily, heavy → heavily
特殊变化：good → well, fast → fast, hard → hard (努力地), late → late (晚地)
注意：friendly (友好的) 是形容词，不是副词。
二、 动词的-ing形式作主语
动词的-ing形式 (动名词) 可以作主语，表示一个概念或活动。
Recycling is good for the environment. (回收利用对环境有益。)
Taking care of animals is our duty. (照顾动物是我们的责任。)
Smoking is harmful to health. (吸烟有害健康。)
谓语动词用单数。
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.We should ______ the lights when we leave the room to save energy.
turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
答案与解析：B。为了节能，离开房间时应“关掉”灯。turn off 关掉。
（ ）2.The river is very dirty. People ______ a lot of waste into it.
throw B. threw C. have thrown D. are throwing
答案与解析：C。河流很脏，是“已经扔了”很多垃圾的结果，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时have thrown。
（ ）3.— Look! Someone is cleaning the park.— It ______ be our teacher. He loves doing volunteer work.
must B. can’t C. might D. needn’t
答案与解析：A。根据“他热爱做志愿工作”这一已知信息，做出肯定性很强的推测，“一定是”我们老师，用must。
（ ）4.______ trees is very important to fight against air pollution.
Plant B. Planting C. Plants D. Planted
答案与解析：B。动词的-ing形式（动名词）作主语，表示“植树”这个行为很重要。
（ ）5.The weather report says it ______ tomorrow. Let’s go hiking if it’s sunny.
rains B. rained C. is raining D. will rain
答案与解析：D。天气预报说“明天会下雨”，表示将来，用一般将来时will rain。
（ ）6.Many animals are ______ because their homes are being destroyed.
in danger B. out of danger C. dangerous D. safely
答案与解析：A。因为家园被毁，许多动物“处于危险中”。in danger 是固定短语。
（ ）7.We need to use less plastic ______ our environment.
protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected
答案与解析：C。我们需要少用塑料“来保护”环境。不定式to protect作目的状语。
（ ）8.— Whose water bottle is this — It ______ be John’s. He always uses a blue one.
must B. can’t C. mustn’t D. might
答案与解析：D。这“可能是”约翰的，因为他总是用蓝色的。语气不确定，用might。
（ ）9.The air in this city is much cleaner now ______ the government has taken many actions.
so B. but C. because D. or
答案与解析：C。空气更干净了“因为”政府采取了许多行动。because引导原因状语从句。
（ ）10.Remember to ______ the rubbish into different bins for recycling.
throw away B. pick up C. cut down D. sort
答案与解析：D。为了回收，要记得把垃圾“分类”投入不同的垃圾桶。sort 分类。
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our planet is facing many environmental problems. Air and water 11. ______ (pollute) are getting worse. Many forests 12. ______ (cut) down, and animals are losing their homes. The climate 13. ______ (change) quickly, causing more extreme weather.But it’s not too late to make a change. Everyone can do something 14. ______ (help). First, we can 15. ______ (reduce) waste by using things more wisely. For example, use a cloth bag instead of a plastic one when shopping. Second, we should save resources. 16. ______ (turn) off the tap while brushing teeth can save a lot of water. 17. ______ (recycle) paper, glass, and plastic is also very important.We should also care for wildlife. Never buy products 18. ______ (make) from endangered animals. If we see someone hurting animals or 19. ______ (destroy) the environment, we should stop them or report it.The earth is our only home. Protecting it is not just a choice; it’s a duty for all of us. Let’s work together 20. ______ (create) a greener and healthier future!
答案与解析：
11.pollution。空气和水“污染”是名词，作主语，用pollution。
12.are cut。森林是“被砍伐”，且是现在的情况，用一般现在时被动语态are cut。
13.is changing。气候“正在快速变化”，用现在进行时is changing。
14.to help。每个人都可以做些事情“来帮助”。不定式to help作目的状语。
15.reduce。情态动词can后接动词原形reduce。
16.Turning。动词的-ing形式（动名词）作主语，“关掉水龙头”这个行为能节约水。
17.Recycling。动词的-ing形式（动名词）作主语，“回收利用”很重要。
18.made。产品是“由……制成的”，用过去分词made作后置定语，相当于that are made from。
19.destroying。看到有人“伤害”动物或“破坏”环境。hurting和destroying是并列的动名词，作see的宾语补足语（see sb. doing sth.）。
20. to create。让我们一起努力“去创造”一个更绿色的未来。不定式to create作目的状语。
语篇能力提升 (共40分)
完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Have you ever heard of “Earth Hour” It is a global event held every year on the last Saturday of March. During Earth Hour, people around the world are asked to 21 their lights for one hour, from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. local time.The idea started in Sydney, Australia, in 2007. It was 22 by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) to raise awareness (意识) about climate change.
At first, only about 2.2 million people in Sydney took part. But the idea 23 quickly. Now, millions of people in over 180 countries join in each year.Turning off the lights for one hour doesn’t save a huge amount of energy by itself. 24 , the main purpose of Earth Hour is not just to save electricity. It is to remind people of the 25 we are facing and to encourage everyone to think about what they can do to help the planet.During that hour, people do different things. Some have candlelit dinners with family. Others go for a walk under the stars. Many communities organize events like stargazing (观星) or concerts without electricity. It’s a time to 26 from our busy, technology-filled lives and connect with nature and each other.Earth Hour also sends a powerful 27 to leaders and businesses that people care about the environment and want action on climate change. It shows that when we work together, even small actions can make a big 28 .So, next March, why not join Earth Hour Turn off your lights, 29 your electronic devices, and spend an hour thinking about our beautiful planet. Remember, every action, no matter how small, 30 . Let’s be part of the solution!
（ ）21.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
（ ）22. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. found
（ ）23. A. spread B. stopped C. disappeared D. finished
（ ）24. A. Because B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
（ ）25. A. chances B. problems C. advantages D. habits
（ ）26. A. hide B. learn C. rest D. escape
（ ）27. A. letter B. message C. gift D. question
（ ）28. A. mistake B. plan C. noise D. difference
（ ）29. A. look for B. put away C. take out D. give up
（ ）30. A. matters B. costs C. wastes D. loses
答案与解析：
21.B。地球一小时要求人们“关掉”灯一小时。
22.C。这个活动是被WWF“创立/发起”的。created 创造，创立。
23.A。但是这个想法迅速“传播”开来。
24.D。关灯一小时本身不能节约大量能源，“然而”其主要目的不只是省电。表示转折。
25.B。提醒人们我们所面临的“问题”。
26.C。这是一个从忙碌生活中“休息”一下的时间。rest 休息。
27.B。地球一小时也向领导和企业传递了一个强有力的“信息”。
28.D。表明当我们一起努力时，小小的行动也能产生巨大的“影响/不同”。make a difference。
29.B。关掉灯，“收起”电子设备。put away 收起来，放好。
30. A。记住，每一个行动，无论多小，都“重要/有关系”。matters 要紧，重要。
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Did you know that about one-third of all food produced in the world is wasted That’s enough to feed 2 billion people! Food waste is a big problem for both people and the planet.When we waste food, we also waste all the resources used to produce it, like water, land, and energy. For example, it takes about 1,000 liters of water to produce 1 kilogram of wheat. Wasting food means wasting water too.Food waste that ends up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) produces methane (甲烷), a greenhouse gas that is much more powerful than carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in warming the planet. This makes climate change worse.So, what can we do Here are some tips:
Plan your meals and make a shopping list. Buy only what you need.
Store food properly to keep it fresh longer.
Understand “use-by” and “best-before” dates. “Use-by” is about safety, while “best-before” is about quality. Food after its “best-before” date is often still safe to eat.
Use leftovers (剩菜) creatively. Turn them into new meals.
Compost (堆肥) food scraps (残渣) if possible. They can become fertilizer for plants.By reducing food waste, we can save money, help fight hunger, and protect our environment. It’s a win-win for everyone!
（ ）31.How much of the world’s food is wasted according to the passage
A. About one-fourth. B. About one-third. C. About half. D. About two-thirds.
（ ）32.What is NOT mentioned as a wasted resource when food is wasted
A. Land. B. Water. C. Energy. D. Air.
（ ）33.Why is food waste in landfills bad for the climate
It produces oxygen. B. It produces methane.
C. It uses too much space. D. It attracts pests.
（ ）34.What does “use-by” date mean
A. The food is of the best quality before this date.
B. The food is safe to eat before this date.
C. The food will taste bad after this date.
D. The food must be thrown away on this date.
（ ）35.What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To introduce different types of food.
B. To explain how to cook delicious meals.
C. To discuss the problem of food waste and give solutions.
D. To advertise a new way of storing food.
答案与解析：
31.B。细节理解题。第一段第一句明确指出世界上大约三分之一的食物被浪费。
32.D。细节理解题。第二段提到了水、土地和能源，没有提到空气。
33.A。细节理解题。第三段指出，进入垃圾填埋场的食物垃圾会产生甲烷，加剧气候变化。
34.B。细节理解题。根据小贴士第三条，“Use-by”是关于安全性的日期。
35. C。主旨大意题。全文讨论了食物浪费的问题、其影响，并给出了减少浪费的建议。
B
Trees are more than just wood and leaves. Scientists have discovered that trees in a forest are connected to each other in amazing ways. They communicate and help each other through a network (网络) underground, often called the “Wood Wide Web”.This network is made up of tiny fungi (真菌) that connect the roots of different trees. Through these connections, trees can share water and nutrients (养分). A strong, old tree might help a young, weak tree by sending it food. Trees also use this network to send warning signals. If one tree is attacked by insects, it can release chemicals (化学物质) through the fungi to warn its neighbors. The neighboring trees then produce their own chemicals to protect themselves.This cooperation (合作) shows that trees are not just competing for sunlight and water; they are also working together as a community. The forest acts like a single organism, where each tree plays a part.Understanding this helps us see forests in a new way. Cutting down one tree doesn’t just affect that tree; it can harm the whole network. Protecting forests means protecting these complex (复杂的) and wonderful connections between trees.Next time you walk in a forest, remember that you are standing in the middle of a silent, talking community that has been growing and helping each other for hundreds, even thousands, of years.
（ ）36.What is the “Wood Wide Web”
A. A network of fungi connecting tree roots. B. A type of internet for scientists.
C. A new way to plant trees. D. A social media platform for environmentalists.
（ ）37. How can trees help each other through this network
A. By sending emails. B. By sharing water and nutrients.
C. By growing taller than others. D. By attracting more sunlight.
（ ）38. What might trees do when one tree is attacked by insects
A. They might move away. B. They might laugh at it.
C. They might send warning signals. D. They might ask humans for help.
（ ）39. What does the discovery tell us about forests
A. Trees only compete with each other. B. Forests are just collections of individual trees.
C. Old trees are not important. D. Trees work together as a community.
（ ）40. Why is it important to protect forests according to the passage
A. Because they provide wood for building.
B. Because they are beautiful to look at.
C. Because cutting one tree can harm the whole connected community.
D. Because they are home to many fungi.
答案与解析：
36.A。细节理解题。第二段第一句明确指出，“Wood Wide Web”是由连接树根的微小真菌组成的网络。37. B。细节理解题。第二段提到，通过这个网络，树木可以分享水和养分。
38.C。细节理解题。第二段提到，树木受到昆虫攻击时，会释放化学物质来警告邻居。
39. D。细节理解题。第三段指出，这种合作表明树木是作为一个社区一起工作的。
40. C。推理判断题。第四段提到，砍倒一棵树会影响整个网络，因此保护森林就是保护树木之间复杂的联系。
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你校英语报正在征集关于“保护环境，从我做起”的短文。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在日常生活中为保护环境所做的两件事，并呼吁同学们一起行动。提示：
你做了哪两件事？（如：节约用水、垃圾分类、绿色出行等）
你为什么做这些事？
呼吁同学们一起参与。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I try to do my part in daily life.
参考范文：
Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I try to do my part in daily life.First, I always turn off the tap tightly after washing my hands to save water. I know water is precious. Second, I sort my rubbish into different bins—recyclable and non-recyclable. This helps reduce pollution and save resources.I do these things because I want to keep our planet clean and healthy. A small action can make a big difference.I hope all my classmates can join me. Let’s work together to protect our beautiful earth!/ 让教学更效 高效备考 | 英语学科
2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十五讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
七下 U5 Why do you like pandas
七下 U7 It’s raining!
八下 U7 What’s the highest mountain in the world
九全 U8 It must belong to Carla.
九全 U13 We’re trying to save the earth!
二、高频词汇拓展
1.nature (n.) → (adj.) → (adv.) 自然；自然的；自然地
2. environment (n.) → (adj.) 环境；环境的
3. pollute (v.) → (n.) → (adj.) 污染；污染；被污染的
4. protect (v.) → (n.) 保护；保护
5. recycle (v.) → (n.) 回收利用；回收利用
6. dangerous (adj.) → (n.) 危险的；危险
7. safe (adj.) → (n.) 安全的；安全
8. healthy (adj.) → (n.) 健康的；健康
9. extinct (adj.) → (n.) 灭绝的；灭绝
10. important (adj.) → (n.) 重要的；重要性
11. strong (adj.) → (n.) 强壮的；力量
12. weak (adj.) → (n.) 虚弱的；弱点
13. cloud (n.) → (adj.) 云；多云的
14. rain (n./v.) → (adj.) 下雨；下雨的
15. snow (n./v.) → (adj.) 下雪；下雪的
16. wind (n.) → (adj.) 风；有风的
17. sun (n.) → (adj.) 太阳；晴朗的
18. industry (n.) → (adj.) 工业；工业的
19. noise (n.) → (adj.) 噪音；吵闹的
20. improve (v.) → (n.) 改善；改进
21. develop (v.) → (n.) 发展；发展
22. destroy (v.) → (n.) 破坏；破坏
23. harm (v./n.) → (adj.) 危害；有害的
三、重点词组活用
(一) 重点词组列表
save the earth 拯救地球
protect the environment 保护环境
reduce pollution 减少污染
recycle waste 回收废物
reuse materials 再利用材料
save energy 节约能源
save water 节约用水
turn off the lights 关灯
pick up litter 捡垃圾
throw away rubbish 扔掉垃圾
cut down trees 砍伐树木
plant trees 植树
be good for the environment 对环境有益
be bad for the environment 对环境有害
be harmful to health 对健康有害
be in danger 处于危险中
be out of danger 脱离危险
take care of animals 照顾动物
look after the earth 照看地球
care for nature 关爱自然
belong to nature 属于自然
be made of natural materials 由天然材料制成
be covered with snow/ice 被雪/冰覆盖
be full of life 充满生机
be known for its beauty 因其美丽而闻名
be famous for its wildlife 因其野生动物而著名
be proud of our planet 为我们的星球感到自豪
be interested in environmental protection 对环境保护感兴趣
be worried about climate change 担心气候变化
be afraid of natural disasters 害怕自然灾害
be surprised at the damage 对破坏感到惊讶
be excited about green technology 对绿色技术感到兴奋
live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
depend on natural resources 依赖自然资源
cause serious problems 导致严重问题
find solutions 找到解决方案
take action 采取行动
change bad habits 改变坏习惯
improve the situation 改善状况
make a difference 产生影响
(二、)词组运用练习
1.我们应该尽力保护环境。 We should try our best to ______ ______ ______.
2.关掉不用的灯可以节约能源。 ______ ______ the lights when not in use can ______ ______.
3.乱扔垃圾对环境有害。 ______ ______ is ______ ______ the environment.
4.许多野生动物正面临危险。 Many wild animals ______ ______ ______.
5.地球是我们共同的家园，我们应该照顾好它。
The earth is our common home, and we should ______ ______ ______ it.
6.塑料污染对海洋生物非常有害。 Plastic pollution ______ very ______ ______ sea life.
7.我们为祖国美丽的山川感到自豪。
We ______ ______ ______ the beautiful mountains and rivers of our country.
8.越来越多的人开始关注气候变化。 More and more people begin to ______ ______ climate change.
9.回收利用旧报纸是个好习惯。 ______ ______ old newspapers is a good habit.
10.每个人都可以通过小小的行动带来改变。 Everyone can ______ ______ ______ through small actions.
四、考点透析
考点一 情态动词表推测 (must, can‘t, could, might, may) ☆☆☆
用法：表示对现在情况的推测。
must：一定，肯定 (只用于肯定句)。
The light is on. He must be at home.
can’t：不可能 (否定推测)。
He can’t be in Beijing. I saw him here an hour ago.
could/might/may：可能，语气依次更弱，更不确定。
He might/could/may be in the library.
结构：情态动词 + 动词原形 (对现在动作的推测)；情态动词 + be + doing (对正在进行的动作的推测)；情态动词 + have + 过去分词 (对过去的推测，中考较少)。
精题巧练：
— Whose notebook is this — It ______ be Carla’s. Look, her name is on the cover.
must B. can’t C. might D. needn’t
The man over there ______ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Shanghai.
mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. won’t
考点二 动词不定式作目的状语 ☆☆☆
结构：to do sth. 放在句中，表示做某事的目的。
We need to take action to protect wild animals. (我们需要采取行动来保护野生动物。)
He got up early to catch the first bus.
同义表达：in order to do sth. (更正式)，so as to do sth. (不用于句首)。
精题巧练：
Many people go to the park ______ morning exercises.
do B. doing C. to do D. did
We should use both sides of paper ______ waste.
reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced
考点三 现在进行时表将来 ☆☆
用法：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常用于表示位置移动的动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive等。
We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. (我们明天要去北京。)
The train is arriving in ten minutes.
精题巧练：
— What are you doing this weekend — I ______ my grandparents in the countryside.
visit B. will visit C. am visiting D. visited
Hurry up! The bus ______.
comes B. came C. is coming D. has come
考点四 连词so与because的辨析 ☆☆
so (所以)：表示结果，连接两个有因果关系的句子，so后是结果。
It was raining hard, so we stayed at home.
because (因为)：表示原因，引导原因状语从句，because后是原因。
We stayed at home because it was raining hard.
注意：so和because不能在同一句中连用，因为一个表因一个表果，用一个即可。
精题巧练：
The air is heavily polluted, ______ we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.
or B. but C. so D. because
We should protect pandas ______ they are an endangered species.
so B. but C. or D. because
六、语法点归纳
一、 形容词变副词规则
一般情况：形容词 + ly → quick → quickly, slow → slowly
以y结尾：变y为i再加ly → happy → happily, heavy → heavily
特殊变化：good → well, fast → fast, hard → hard (努力地), late → late (晚地)
注意：friendly (友好的) 是形容词，不是副词。
二、 动词的-ing形式作主语
动词的-ing形式 (动名词) 可以作主语，表示一个概念或活动。
Recycling is good for the environment. (回收利用对环境有益。)
Taking care of animals is our duty. (照顾动物是我们的责任。)
Smoking is harmful to health. (吸烟有害健康。)
谓语动词用单数。
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.We should ______ the lights when we leave the room to save energy.
turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
（ ）2.The river is very dirty. People ______ a lot of waste into it.
throw B. threw C. have thrown D. are throwing
（ ）3.— Look! Someone is cleaning the park.— It ______ be our teacher. He loves doing volunteer work.
must B. can’t C. might D. needn’t
（ ）4.______ trees is very important to fight against air pollution.
Plant B. Planting C. Plants D. Planted
（ ）5.The weather report says it ______ tomorrow. Let’s go hiking if it’s sunny.
rains B. rained C. is raining D. will rain
（ ）6.Many animals are ______ because their homes are being destroyed.
in danger B. out of danger C. dangerous D. safely
（ ）7.We need to use less plastic ______ our environment.
protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected
（ ）8.— Whose water bottle is this — It ______ be John’s. He always uses a blue one.
must B. can’t C. mustn’t D. might
（ ）9.The air in this city is much cleaner now ______ the government has taken many actions.
so B. but C. because D. or
（ ）10.Remember to ______ the rubbish into different bins for recycling.
throw away B. pick up C. cut down D. sort
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our planet is facing many environmental problems. Air and water 11. ______ (pollute) are getting worse. Many forests 12. ______ (cut) down, and animals are losing their homes. The climate 13. ______ (change) quickly, causing more extreme weather.But it’s not too late to make a change. Everyone can do something 14. ______ (help). First, we can 15. ______ (reduce) waste by using things more wisely. For example, use a cloth bag instead of a plastic one when shopping. Second, we should save resources. 16. ______ (turn) off the tap while brushing teeth can save a lot of water. 17. ______ (recycle) paper, glass, and plastic is also very important.We should also care for wildlife. Never buy products 18. ______ (make) from endangered animals. If we see someone hurting animals or 19. ______ (destroy) the environment, we should stop them or report it.The earth is our only home. Protecting it is not just a choice; it’s a duty for all of us. Let’s work together 20. ______ (create) a greener and healthier future!
语篇能力提升 (共40分)
完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Have you ever heard of “Earth Hour” It is a global event held every year on the last Saturday of March. During Earth Hour, people around the world are asked to 21 their lights for one hour, from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. local time.The idea started in Sydney, Australia, in 2007. It was 22 by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) to raise awareness (意识) about climate change.
At first, only about 2.2 million people in Sydney took part. But the idea 23 quickly. Now, millions of people in over 180 countries join in each year.Turning off the lights for one hour doesn’t save a huge amount of energy by itself. 24 , the main purpose of Earth Hour is not just to save electricity. It is to remind people of the 25 we are facing and to encourage everyone to think about what they can do to help the planet.During that hour, people do different things. Some have candlelit dinners with family. Others go for a walk under the stars. Many communities organize events like stargazing (观星) or concerts without electricity. It’s a time to 26 from our busy, technology-filled lives and connect with nature and each other.Earth Hour also sends a powerful 27 to leaders and businesses that people care about the environment and want action on climate change. It shows that when we work together, even small actions can make a big 28 .So, next March, why not join Earth Hour Turn off your lights, 29 your electronic devices, and spend an hour thinking about our beautiful planet. Remember, every action, no matter how small, 30 . Let’s be part of the solution!
（ ）21.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
（ ）22. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. found
（ ）23. A. spread B. stopped C. disappeared D. finished
（ ）24. A. Because B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
（ ）25. A. chances B. problems C. advantages D. habits
（ ）26. A. hide B. learn C. rest D. escape
（ ）27. A. letter B. message C. gift D. question
（ ）28. A. mistake B. plan C. noise D. difference
（ ）29. A. look for B. put away C. take out D. give up
（ ）30. A. matters B. costs C. wastes D. loses
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Did you know that about one-third of all food produced in the world is wasted That’s enough to feed 2 billion people! Food waste is a big problem for both people and the planet.When we waste food, we also waste all the resources used to produce it, like water, land, and energy. For example, it takes about 1,000 liters of water to produce 1 kilogram of wheat. Wasting food means wasting water too.Food waste that ends up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) produces methane (甲烷), a greenhouse gas that is much more powerful than carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in warming the planet. This makes climate change worse.So, what can we do Here are some tips:
Plan your meals and make a shopping list. Buy only what you need.
Store food properly to keep it fresh longer.
Understand “use-by” and “best-before” dates. “Use-by” is about safety, while “best-before” is about quality. Food after its “best-before” date is often still safe to eat.
Use leftovers (剩菜) creatively. Turn them into new meals.
Compost (堆肥) food scraps (残渣) if possible. They can become fertilizer for plants.By reducing food waste, we can save money, help fight hunger, and protect our environment. It’s a win-win for everyone!
（ ）31.How much of the world’s food is wasted according to the passage
A. About one-fourth. B. About one-third. C. About half. D. About two-thirds.
（ ）32.What is NOT mentioned as a wasted resource when food is wasted
A. Land. B. Water. C. Energy. D. Air.
（ ）33.Why is food waste in landfills bad for the climate
It produces oxygen. B. It produces methane.
C. It uses too much space. D. It attracts pests.
（ ）34.What does “use-by” date mean
A. The food is of the best quality before this date.
B. The food is safe to eat before this date.
C. The food will taste bad after this date.
D. The food must be thrown away on this date.
（ ）35.What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To introduce different types of food.
B. To explain how to cook delicious meals.
C. To discuss the problem of food waste and give solutions.
D. To advertise a new way of storing food.
B
Trees are more than just wood and leaves. Scientists have discovered that trees in a forest are connected to each other in amazing ways. They communicate and help each other through a network (网络) underground, often called the “Wood Wide Web”.This network is made up of tiny fungi (真菌) that connect the roots of different trees. Through these connections, trees can share water and nutrients (养分). A strong, old tree might help a young, weak tree by sending it food. Trees also use this network to send warning signals. If one tree is attacked by insects, it can release chemicals (化学物质) through the fungi to warn its neighbors. The neighboring trees then produce their own chemicals to protect themselves.This cooperation (合作) shows that trees are not just competing for sunlight and water; they are also working together as a community. The forest acts like a single organism, where each tree plays a part.Understanding this helps us see forests in a new way. Cutting down one tree doesn’t just affect that tree; it can harm the whole network. Protecting forests means protecting these complex (复杂的) and wonderful connections between trees.Next time you walk in a forest, remember that you are standing in the middle of a silent, talking community that has been growing and helping each other for hundreds, even thousands, of years.
（ ）36.What is the “Wood Wide Web”
A. A network of fungi connecting tree roots. B. A type of internet for scientists.
C. A new way to plant trees. D. A social media platform for environmentalists.
（ ）37. How can trees help each other through this network
A. By sending emails. B. By sharing water and nutrients.
C. By growing taller than others. D. By attracting more sunlight.
（ ）38. What might trees do when one tree is attacked by insects
A. They might move away. B. They might laugh at it.
C. They might send warning signals. D. They might ask humans for help.
（ ）39. What does the discovery tell us about forests
A. Trees only compete with each other. B. Forests are just collections of individual trees.
C. Old trees are not important. D. Trees work together as a community.
（ ）40. Why is it important to protect forests according to the passage
A. Because they provide wood for building.
B. Because they are beautiful to look at.
C. Because cutting one tree can harm the whole connected community.
D. Because they are home to many fungi.
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你校英语报正在征集关于“保护环境，从我做起”的短文。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在日常生活中为保护环境所做的两件事，并呼吁同学们一起行动。提示：
你做了哪两件事？（如：节约用水、垃圾分类、绿色出行等）
你为什么做这些事？
呼吁同学们一起参与。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I try to do my part in daily life.

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