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2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十四讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
七下 U4 Don't eat in class.
九全 U7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
二、高频词汇拓展
1. society (n.) → (adj.) 社会的
2. safety (n.) → (adj.) 安全的
3. responsibility (n.) → (adj.) 有责任的
4. freedom (n.) → (adj.) 自由的
5. agreement (n.) → (v.) 同意
6. disagreement (n.) → (v.) 不同意
7. discussion (n.) → (v.) 讨论
8. choice (n.) → (v.) 选择
9. serious (adj.) → (adv.) 严肃地；严重地
10. strict (adj.) → (adv.) 严格地
11. fair (adj.) → (adv.) 公平地；相当
12. unfair (adj.) → (adv.) 不公平地
13. important (adj.) → (n.) 重要性
14. necessary (adj.) → (adv.) 必要地
15. possible (adj.) → (adv.) 可能地
16. impossible (adj.) → (adv.) 不可能地
17. dangerous (adj.) → (n.) 危险
18. safe (adj.) → (adv.) 安全地
19. careful (adj.) → (adv.) 小心地 / (v./n.) 关心；小心
20. careless (adj.) → (adv.) 粗心地 / (n.) 粗心
21. independent (adj.) → (n.) 独立
22. mature (adj.) → (n.) 成熟
23. silly (adj.) → (n.) 愚蠢
24. allow (v.) → (n.) 津贴；允许
25. permit (v.) → (n.) 许可
26. forbid (v.) → (adj.) 被禁止的
27. decide (v.) → (n.) 决定
28. protect (v.) → (n.) 保护 / (adj.) 保护的
29. encourage (v.) → (n.) 鼓励
30. believe (v.) → (n.) 信念；信仰
31. trust (v.) → (adj.) 信任的 / (adj.) 值得信赖的
32. worry (v.) → (adj.) 担心的 / (adj.) 令人担忧的
33. argue (v.) → (n.) 争论
34. quiet (adj.) → (adv.) 安静地
35. loud (adj.) → (adv.) 大声地
三、重点词组活用
（一） 重点词组列表
be allowed to do 被允许做某事
should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事
be not allowed to do 不被允许做某事
have to do 必须做某事（客观要求）
must do 必须做某事（主观或规定）
don’t have to do 不必做某事
need to do 需要做某事
don’t need to do 不需要做某事
can do 能做；可以做
can’t do 不能做；不可以做
could do 能/可以做（过去或更礼貌）
may do 可以做；可能做
let sb. do 让某人做某事
make sb. do 使某人做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事
keep doing 继续做某事
keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人（的观点）
agree to sth. 同意（计划、建议等）
agree on sth. 就某事达成一致
disagree with sb. 不同意某人
argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事
fight with sb. 与某人打架/争吵
get into trouble 惹上麻烦
get one’s driver’s license 取得驾照
have a part-time job 有一份兼职工作
have the chance to do 有机会做某事
make a choice 做出选择
make a decision 做出决定
make mistakes 犯错误
make sure 确保
of course 当然
I think so. 我也这样认为。
I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。
in fact 事实上
at that age 在那个年龄
be serious about 对……认真
spend time on 在……上花时间
spend time with 与……共度时光
too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）
too many 太多（修饰可数名词）
enough sleep 足够的睡眠
old enough 足够大
instead of 代替；而不是
on school nights 在上学的晚上
on weekends 在周末
after school 放学后
be late for 迟到
be quiet 安静
(二) 词组运用练习
学生不应该被允许在上课时间使用手机。
Students ______ ______ ______ to use mobile phones during class.
我们必须遵守校规。 We ______ ______ the school rules.
你不必今天完成所有作业。 You ______ ______ ______ finish all the homework today.
我父母同意我去露营。 My parents ______ ______ me to go camping.
他总是在周末花时间和朋友在一起。
He always ______ ______ ______ his friends on weekends.
确保你带了学生证。 ______ ______ you have your student ID card.
在那个年龄，我们没有那么多责任。
______ ______ ______, we didn’t have so many responsibilities.
我不同意他的观点。 I ______ ______ him.
与其看电视，不如读本书。 Read a book ______ ______ watching TV.
他惹上麻烦了，因为他违反了规定。 He ______ ______ ______ because he broke the rules.
四、考点透析
考点一 情态动词被动语态 (should/must/can be allowed to do) ☆☆☆
结构：情态动词 (should, must, can, may...) + be + 过去分词
含义：表示“应该/必须/可以被（做）……”。
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. (应该被允许)
Mobile phones mustn’t be used in class. (禁止被使用)
The rules can be found on the wall. (可以被找到)
否定：在情态动词后加 not。
Students should not be allowed to smoke.
疑问：将情态动词提前。
Should teenagers be allowed to work part-time
精题巧练：
For safety, students ______ to swim alone in the river.
don’t allow B. aren’t allowed C. didn’t allow D. won’t allow
I think the old ______ more care and respect.
should give B. should be given C. must give D. can give
考点二 have to 与 must 的辨析 ☆☆☆
have to：表示“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要（如规定、法律、情况所迫）。
I have to wear a uniform at school. (校规要求)
It‘s raining. I have to stay at home. (天气所迫)
must：表示“必须”，强调主观看法、义务或命令。
You must be quiet in the library. (规定/命令)
I must study hard to pass the exam. (主观决心)
否定意义不同：
don’t have to = needn’t：不必（没有义务）。
mustn’t：禁止，不准（强烈不允许）。
精题巧练：
— Mom, can I go out to play now — No, you ______ finish your homework first.
can B. may C. must D. could
You ______ arrive before 8:00 am. The meeting starts at 8:30.
mustn’t B. don’t have to C. shouldn’t D. can’t
考点三 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (let/make/allow sb. to do) ☆☆
let/make/have sb. do sth.：让/使/叫某人做某事。do 前不加 to。
My parents let me watch TV on weekends.
The teacher made us clean the classroom.
allow/permit/encourage sb. to do sth.：允许/鼓励某人做某事。do 前要加 to。
They allow us to choose our own clothes.
She encouraged me to try again.
ask/tell/want/would like sb. to do sth.：要求/告诉/想要某人做某事。也要加 to。
精题巧练：
Our school doesn’t allow students ______ their own cars to school.
to bring B. bring C. bringing D. brings
(2022·河北) The funny story made all of us ______.
laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
考点四 提建议与表达观点的句型 ☆☆
提建议：
You should/could...
Why don’t you... / Why not...
What/How about...
Let’s...
You’d better (not)...
表达同意：
I agree (with you). / I think so.
That’s a good idea. / Sounds good.
表达不同意：
I don’t agree (with you). / I disagree.
I don’t think so.
I’m afraid I can’t agree.
精题巧练：
— I think teenagers should help with housework.— ______. It’s good for their development.
I agree B. I disagree C. I’m not sure D. You’re welcome
— The rule is too strict. I think it’s unfair.— ______. Rules are there for our safety.
I think so B. That’s right C. I disagree D. Me too
五、语法点归纳
一、 被动语态的基本结构 (复习)
结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)
时态体现：通过 be 动词的变化体现时态。
一般现在时：am/is/are + done
Rules are made to be followed.
一般过去时：was/were + done
The window was broken by Tom.
情态动词：情态动词 + be + done
The work can be finished tomorrow.
二、 enough 的用法
形容词/副词 + enough (+ to do)：足够……（可以做某事）。
He is old enough to make his own decisions.
She ran fast enough to catch the bus.
enough + 名词：足够的……
We have enough time.
Is there enough food for everyone
位置口诀：形副前，名后。
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.Students ______ be careful when they cross the road.
can B. may C. must D. could
（ ）2.— Can we wear our own clothes at school — No, you ______. You must wear the school uniform.
needn’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. don’t have to
（ ）3.My parents don’t allow me ______ out late at night.
stay B. stayed C. staying D. to stay
（ ）4.I think teenagers ______ to make their own choices.
should allow B. should be allowed C. must allow D. can allow
（ ）5.You look tired. You ______ get enough sleep.
should B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
（ ）6.— I think we need stricter rules to keep the classroom clean.— ______. Everyone should do their part.
I agree B. I disagree C. I’m not sure D. That’s all right
（ ）7.He is ______ to go to school by himself.
enough old B. old enough C. enough young D. young enough
（ ）8.We ______ finish the project today. The deadline is next week.
Mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. don’t have to D. needn’t
（ ）9.The new law ______ protect the environment.
is made to B. is made by C. makes to D. makes by
（ ）10.The teacher made the boy ______ the sentence five times.
writes B. to write C. writing D. write
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every society needs rules and laws. They help to keep 11. ______ (safe) and order. At home, parents make rules to protect their children. For example, children might not 12. ______ (allow) to watch too much TV. At school, there are rules about being on time, doing homework, and being 13. ______ (respect) to teachers and classmates.Some teenagers feel that there are too many rules. They think they 14. ______ (should) be allowed more freedom. They want to choose their own clothes, have a part-time job, or get their driver’s 15. ______ (license) earlier. They believe they are old 16. ______ to make their own decisions.However, adults often worry. They think rules are 17. ______ (necessary) because teenagers don’t always make good choices. They need guidance (指导). For example, teenagers 18. ______ (must) not drive without a license because it’s dangerous and against the law.It’s important to have discussions about rules. Parents and teenagers should talk about why rules exist and how they can be fair. Sometimes, rules can 19. ______ (change) as teenagers grow older and show they are responsible. The key is to find a balance between safety, responsibility, and 20. ______ (free).
语篇能力提升 (共40分)
完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Rules are a part of life. We have them at home, at school, and in society. While sometimes they may feel 21 , rules are usually made for good reasons.At home, rules help create a safe and organized environment. A rule like “no snacks before dinner” helps ensure kids eat 22 meals. A curfew (宵禁) keeps teenagers safe at night. These rules show that parents 23 .School rules are 24 for learning. Rules about being on time teach responsibility. Rules against cheating (作弊) make sure that grades are fair and earned through hard work. Wearing a uniform can reduce distractions (分心) and help students focus on their studies 25 on what they are wearing.Society has laws to protect everyone. Traffic laws prevent accidents. Laws against stealing protect people’s property (财产). Without these laws, life would be chaotic.Of course, not all rules are perfect. Sometimes a rule might seem 26 or outdated. That‘s why it’s important to be able to discuss rules 27 . If you think a rule is unfair, talk about it calmly with your parents, teachers, or other adults. Explain your 28 and listen to theirs. You might be able to find a compromise (折中方案) or help improve the rule.Remember, the purpose of rules is not to control you, but to 29 you and help the community run smoothly. As you grow older and show that you are 30 , you will often be given more freedom and fewer strict rules. Rules and responsibility go hand in hand.
（ ）21.A. boring B. exciting C. helpful D. dangerous
（ ）22. A. healthy B. fast C. expensive D. late
（ ）23. A. disagree B. worry C. care D. argue
（ ）24. A. terrible B. impossible C. necessary D. useless
（ ）25. A. because of B. instead of C. more than D. less than
（ ）26. A. fair B. unfair C. easy D. difficult
（ ）27. A. loudly B. secretly C. politely D. carelessly
（ ）28. A. opinion B. rule C. mistake D. homework
（ ）29. A. punish B. protect C. stop D. catch
（ ）30. A. young B. silly C. careless D. responsible
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Do you ever wonder why your school has so many rules From raising your hand to speak to wearing a uniform, rules can sometimes feel limiting. But most school rules are there to create a positive learning environment for everyone.
Safety First: Rules like “no running in the hallways” or “no fighting” are mainly about keeping students safe from physical harm.
Respect for All: Rules about listening when others are speaking, or using polite language, help create an atmosphere of mutual respect. This makes school a more comfortable place for both students and teachers.
Focus on Learning: Rules about turning off mobile phones or not eating in class help minimize distractions. This allows everyone to concentrate better on the lesson.
Preparing for the Future: Following rules at school teaches you about responsibility and respecting authority (权威). These are important skills for future workplaces and for being a good citizen in society.Of course, if you feel a rule is truly unfair or doesn’t make sense, it’s okay to ask a teacher about the reason behind it. Understanding the “why” can make following the rule easier.
（ ）31.What is the main purpose of the passage
To list all common school rules. B. To explain the reasons for school rules.
To complain about strict school rules. D. To compare different schools’ rules.
（ ）32.Which rule is mainly for safety according to the passage
A. Raising your hand to speak. B. Wearing a school uniform.
C. No running in the hallways. D. Turning off mobile phones.
（ ）33. What can rules about using polite language help create
A. Mutual respect. B. More homework. C. Physical safety. D. Future jobs.
（ ）34. How can school rules help students in the future
A. By making them get higher grades. B. By teaching them responsibility.
C. By allowing them to use phones. D. By giving them more free time.
（ ）35. What does the writer suggest if you think a rule is unfair
A. Break it secretly. B.Argue with your teacher.
C. Ignore it completely. D. Ask about the reason.
B
Liu Ming is a 16-year-old high school student. He has a big argument with his parents about housework. Liu Ming thinks he already has too much homework and needs time to relax, so he shouldn’t have to do chores. His parents believe that doing chores helps to teach responsibility and that everyone in the family should help out.
Here are their opinions:
Liu Ming:“I spend over eight hours a day at school, and then I have at least three hours of homework every night. I need time to rest and hang out with my friends. Doing chores is just a waste of my time. My parents should do them, or we could hire (雇佣) someone.”
Mr. & Mrs. Liu:“We understand Liu Ming is busy with school. But learning to manage time is part of growing up. Doing simple chores like taking out the trash or cleaning his room only takes 30 minutes a day. It teaches him that he is part of a family and has responsibilities. It also prepares him for living independently in the future. We all live here, so we should all contribute (贡献).”
Family experts (专家) suggest that teenagers should indeed help with housework. It builds life skills and a sense of belonging. However, the amount (数量) of chores should be reasonable and not interfere too much with schoolwork and rest.
（ ）36.What is the main argument between Liu Ming and his parents about
A. Housework. B. Pocket money. C. School grades. D. Homework time.
（ ）37. Why doesn’t Liu Ming want to do chores
A. He thinks they are too difficult. B. He believes they are his parents’ job.
C. He is too busy with school and needs to rest. D. He prefers to hire someone.
（ ）38. What do Liu Ming’s parents think doing chores can teach him
A. How to spend money. B. Responsibility and time management.
C. How to get better grades. D. How to argue effectively.
（ ）39. What is the experts’ suggestion
Teenagers should not do any chores.
B. Parents should do all the chores.
C. The amount of chores for teenagers should be reasonable.
D. Chores are more important than homework.
（ ）40. What would be a good solution for this family according to the passage
A. Liu Ming stops doing homework.
B. The parents hire someone to do all chores.
C. Liu Ming moves out to live independently.
D. Liu Ming does a small, reasonable amount of chores.
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你们班正在就“Should teenagers be allowed to use smartphones in class ”进行讨论。请你写一篇短文，阐述你的观点并说明理由。提示：
表明你的观点（允许或不允许）。
给出至少两个理由支持你的观点。
可以适当提出建议。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
In our class discussion about whether teenagers should be allowed to use smartphones in class, I think.../ 让教学更效 高效备考 | 英语学科
2026年人教版中考复习教材梳理第十四讲
（导学案知识总结+练习题）
第一部分：导学案知识点总结
一、教材章节单元链接
人教版教材单元链接
七下 U4 Don't eat in class.
九全 U7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
二、高频词汇拓展
1. society (n.) → social (adj.) 社会的
2. safety (n.) → safe (adj.) 安全的
3. responsibility (n.) → responsible (adj.) 有责任的
4. freedom (n.) → free (adj.) 自由的
5. agreement (n.) → agree (v.) 同意
6. disagreement (n.) → disagree (v.) 不同意
7. discussion (n.) → discuss (v.) 讨论
8. choice (n.) → choose (v.) 选择
9. serious (adj.) → seriously (adv.) 严肃地；严重地
10. strict (adj.) → strictly (adv.) 严格地
11. fair (adj.) → fairly (adv.) 公平地；相当
12. unfair (adj.) → unfairly (adv.) 不公平地
13. important (adj.) → importance (n.) 重要性
14. necessary (adj.) → necessarily (adv.) 必要地
15. possible (adj.) → possibly (adv.) 可能地
16. impossible (adj.) → impossibly (adv.) 不可能地
17. dangerous (adj.) → danger (n.) 危险
18. safe (adj.) → safely (adv.) 安全地
19. careful (adj.) → carefully (adv.) 小心地 /care (v./n.) 关心；小心
20. careless (adj.) → carelessly (adv.) 粗心地 /carelessness (n.) 粗心
21. independent (adj.) → independence (n.) 独立
22. mature (adj.) → maturity (n.) 成熟
23. silly (adj.) → silliness (n.) 愚蠢
24. allow (v.) → allowance (n.) 津贴；允许
25. permit (v.) → permission (n.) 许可
26. forbid (v.) → forbidden (adj.) 被禁止的
27. decide (v.) → decision (n.) 决定
28. protect (v.) → protection (n.) 保护 /protective (adj.) 保护的
29. encourage (v.) → encouragement (n.) 鼓励
30. believe (v.) → belief (n.) 信念；信仰
31. trust (v.) → trustful (adj.) 信任的 /trustworthy (adj.) 值得信赖的
32. worry (v.) → worried (adj.) 担心的 /worrying (adj.) 令人担忧的
33. argue (v.) → argument (n.) 争论
34. quiet (adj.) → quietly (adv.) 安静地
35. loud (adj.) → loudly (adv.) 大声地
三、重点词组活用
（一） 重点词组列表
be allowed to do 被允许做某事
should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事
be not allowed to do 不被允许做某事
have to do 必须做某事（客观要求）
must do 必须做某事（主观或规定）
don’t have to do 不必做某事
need to do 需要做某事
don’t need to do 不需要做某事
can do 能做；可以做
can’t do 不能做；不可以做
could do 能/可以做（过去或更礼貌）
may do 可以做；可能做
let sb. do 让某人做某事
make sb. do 使某人做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事
keep doing 继续做某事
keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人（的观点）
agree to sth. 同意（计划、建议等）
agree on sth. 就某事达成一致
disagree with sb. 不同意某人
argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事
fight with sb. 与某人打架/争吵
get into trouble 惹上麻烦
get one’s driver’s license 取得驾照
have a part-time job 有一份兼职工作
have the chance to do 有机会做某事
make a choice 做出选择
make a decision 做出决定
make mistakes 犯错误
make sure 确保
of course 当然
I think so. 我也这样认为。
I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。
in fact 事实上
at that age 在那个年龄
be serious about 对……认真
spend time on 在……上花时间
spend time with 与……共度时光
too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）
too many 太多（修饰可数名词）
enough sleep 足够的睡眠
old enough 足够大
instead of 代替；而不是
on school nights 在上学的晚上
on weekends 在周末
after school 放学后
be late for 迟到
be quiet 安静
(二) 词组运用练习
学生不应该被允许在上课时间使用手机。
Students ______ ______ ______ to use mobile phones during class.
答案： shouldn’t be allowed
我们必须遵守校规。 We ______ ______ the school rules.
答案： must follow
你不必今天完成所有作业。 You ______ ______ ______ finish all the homework today.
答案： don’t have to
我父母同意我去露营。 My parents ______ ______ me to go camping.
答案： agreed to let (解析：agree to do sth. 同意做某事；let sb. do)
他总是在周末花时间和朋友在一起。
He always ______ ______ ______ his friends on weekends.
答案： spends time with
确保你带了学生证。 ______ ______ you have your student ID card.
答案： Make sure
在那个年龄，我们没有那么多责任。
______ ______ ______, we didn’t have so many responsibilities.
答案： At that age
我不同意他的观点。 I ______ ______ him.
答案： disagree with
与其看电视，不如读本书。 Read a book ______ ______ watching TV.
答案： instead of
他惹上麻烦了，因为他违反了规定。 He ______ ______ ______ because he broke the rules.答案： got into trouble
四、考点透析
考点一 情态动词被动语态 (should/must/can be allowed to do) ☆☆☆
结构：情态动词 (should, must, can, may...) + be + 过去分词
含义：表示“应该/必须/可以被（做）……”。
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. (应该被允许)
Mobile phones mustn’t be used in class. (禁止被使用)
The rules can be found on the wall. (可以被找到)
否定：在情态动词后加 not。
Students should not be allowed to smoke.
疑问：将情态动词提前。
Should teenagers be allowed to work part-time
精题巧练：
For safety, students ______ to swim alone in the river.
don’t allow B. aren’t allowed C. didn’t allow D. won’t allow
答案与解析：B。主语students是“被允许”，且是客观规定，用一般现在时的被动语态aren’t allowed。
I think the old ______ more care and respect.
should give B. should be given C. must give D. can give
答案与解析：B。老人“应该被给予”更多关爱和尊重，用情态动词被动语态should be given。
考点二 have to 与 must 的辨析 ☆☆☆
have to：表示“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要（如规定、法律、情况所迫）。
I have to wear a uniform at school. (校规要求)
It‘s raining. I have to stay at home. (天气所迫)
must：表示“必须”，强调主观看法、义务或命令。
You must be quiet in the library. (规定/命令)
I must study hard to pass the exam. (主观决心)
否定意义不同：
don’t have to = needn’t：不必（没有义务）。
mustn’t：禁止，不准（强烈不允许）。
精题巧练：
— Mom, can I go out to play now — No, you ______ finish your homework first.
can B. may C. must D. could
答案与解析：C。母亲要求孩子“必须”先完成作业，是主观命令，用must。
You ______ arrive before 8:00 am. The meeting starts at 8:30.
mustn’t B. don’t have to C. shouldn’t D. can’t
答案与解析：B。会议8:30开始，所以“不必”8点前到，表示没有这个必要，用don’t have to。
考点三 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (let/make/allow sb. to do) ☆☆
let/make/have sb. do sth.：让/使/叫某人做某事。do 前不加 to。
My parents let me watch TV on weekends.
The teacher made us clean the classroom.
allow/permit/encourage sb. to do sth.：允许/鼓励某人做某事。do 前要加 to。
They allow us to choose our own clothes.
She encouraged me to try again.
ask/tell/want/would like sb. to do sth.：要求/告诉/想要某人做某事。也要加 to。
精题巧练：
Our school doesn’t allow students ______ their own cars to school.
to bring B. bring C. bringing D. brings
答案与解析：A。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。
(2022·河北) The funny story made all of us ______.
laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
答案与解析：A。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，用动词原形。
考点四 提建议与表达观点的句型 ☆☆
提建议：
You should/could...
Why don’t you... / Why not...
What/How about...
Let’s...
You’d better (not)...
表达同意：
I agree (with you). / I think so.
That’s a good idea. / Sounds good.
表达不同意：
I don’t agree (with you). / I disagree.
I don’t think so.
I’m afraid I can’t agree.
精题巧练：
— I think teenagers should help with housework.— ______. It’s good for their development.
I agree B. I disagree C. I’m not sure D. You’re welcome
答案与解析：A。根据后句“这对他们的发展有好处”可知，表示同意。
— The rule is too strict. I think it’s unfair.— ______. Rules are there for our safety.
I think so B. That’s right C. I disagree D. Me too
答案与解析：C。第一个人认为规则不公平，第二个人说“规则是为了我们的安全”，观点相反，表示不同意。
五、语法点归纳
一、 被动语态的基本结构 (复习)
结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)
时态体现：通过 be 动词的变化体现时态。
一般现在时：am/is/are + done
Rules are made to be followed.
一般过去时：was/were + done
The window was broken by Tom.
情态动词：情态动词 + be + done
The work can be finished tomorrow.
二、 enough 的用法
形容词/副词 + enough (+ to do)：足够……（可以做某事）。
He is old enough to make his own decisions.
She ran fast enough to catch the bus.
enough + 名词：足够的……
We have enough time.
Is there enough food for everyone
位置口诀：形副前，名后。
第二部分：综合素养分层演练练习题 (Exercises)
（时间：45分钟 满分：60分）
核心知识运用 (共20分)
(一) 单项选择 (每小题1分，共10分)
（ ）1.Students ______ be careful when they cross the road.
can B. may C. must D. could
答案与解析：C。过马路“必须”小心，这是安全要求，强调义务，用must。
（ ）2.— Can we wear our own clothes at school — No, you ______. You must wear the school uniform.
needn’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. don’t have to
答案与解析：B。根据“必须穿校服”，可知“不可以”穿自己的衣服，表示禁止，用mustn’t。
（ ）3.My parents don’t allow me ______ out late at night.
stay B. stayed C. staying D. to stay
答案与解析：D。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。
（ ）4.I think teenagers ______ to make their own choices.
should allow B. should be allowed C. must allow D. can allow
答案与解析：B。青少年“应该被允许”自己做选择，用情态动词被动语态should be allowed。
（ ）5.You look tired. You ______ get enough sleep.
should B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
答案与解析：A。看起来累，所以“应该”保证充足睡眠，是建议。
（ ）6.— I think we need stricter rules to keep the classroom clean.— ______. Everyone should do their part.
I agree B. I disagree C. I’m not sure D. That’s all right
答案与解析：A。根据“每个人都应尽自己的一份力”可知，同意需要更严格的规则。
（ ）7.He is ______ to go to school by himself.
enough old B. old enough C. enough young D. young enough
答案与解析：B。形容词old放在enough前，表示“足够大”。
（ ）8.We ______ finish the project today. The deadline is next week.
Mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. don’t have to D. needn’t
答案与解析：C。截止日期是下周，所以“不必”今天完成，表示没有这个必要。
（ ）9.The new law ______ protect the environment.
is made to B. is made by C. makes to D. makes by
答案与解析：A。法律“被制定来”保护环境。be made to do 被制作/制定用来做某事。
（ ）10.The teacher made the boy ______ the sentence five times.
writes B. to write C. writing D. write
答案与解析：A。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。
语法填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every society needs rules and laws. They help to keep 11. ______ (safe) and order. At home, parents make rules to protect their children. For example, children might not 12. ______ (allow) to watch too much TV. At school, there are rules about being on time, doing homework, and being 13. ______ (respect) to teachers and classmates.Some teenagers feel that there are too many rules. They think they 14. ______ (should) be allowed more freedom. They want to choose their own clothes, have a part-time job, or get their driver’s 15. ______ (license) earlier. They believe they are old 16. ______ to make their own decisions.However, adults often worry. They think rules are 17. ______ (necessary) because teenagers don’t always make good choices. They need guidance (指导). For example, teenagers 18. ______ (must) not drive without a license because it’s dangerous and against the law.It’s important to have discussions about rules. Parents and teenagers should talk about why rules exist and how they can be fair. Sometimes, rules can 19. ______ (change) as teenagers grow older and show they are responsible. The key is to find a balance between safety, responsibility, and 20. ______ (free).
答案与解析：
11.safety。keep后接名词，表示“保持安全”。
12.be allowed。children是“被允许”，且前面有might not，用情态动词被动语态。
13.respectful。be动词后接形容词，be respectful to 对……尊敬。
14.should。他们认为“应该”被允许更多自由。
15.license。driver‘s license 驾照。
16.enough。old enough 足够大。
17.necessary。are后接形容词作表语。
18.must。无证驾驶是危险且违法的，所以“必须不”，表示禁止。
19.be changed。rules是“被改变”，用被动语态，情态动词can后接be changed。
20. freedom。between... and... 连接两个名词，freedom自由。
语篇能力提升 (共40分)
完形填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Rules are a part of life. We have them at home, at school, and in society. While sometimes they may feel 21 , rules are usually made for good reasons.At home, rules help create a safe and organized environment. A rule like “no snacks before dinner” helps ensure kids eat 22 meals. A curfew (宵禁) keeps teenagers safe at night. These rules show that parents 23 .School rules are 24 for learning. Rules about being on time teach responsibility. Rules against cheating (作弊) make sure that grades are fair and earned through hard work. Wearing a uniform can reduce distractions (分心) and help students focus on their studies 25 on what they are wearing.Society has laws to protect everyone. Traffic laws prevent accidents. Laws against stealing protect people’s property (财产). Without these laws, life would be chaotic.Of course, not all rules are perfect. Sometimes a rule might seem 26 or outdated. That‘s why it’s important to be able to discuss rules 27 . If you think a rule is unfair, talk about it calmly with your parents, teachers, or other adults. Explain your 28 and listen to theirs. You might be able to find a compromise (折中方案) or help improve the rule.Remember, the purpose of rules is not to control you, but to 29 you and help the community run smoothly. As you grow older and show that you are 30 , you will often be given more freedom and fewer strict rules. Rules and responsibility go hand in hand.
（ ）21.A. boring B. exciting C. helpful D. dangerous
（ ）22. A. healthy B. fast C. expensive D. late
（ ）23. A. disagree B. worry C. care D. argue
（ ）24. A. terrible B. impossible C. necessary D. useless
（ ）25. A. because of B. instead of C. more than D. less than
（ ）26. A. fair B. unfair C. easy D. difficult
（ ）27. A. loudly B. secretly C. politely D. carelessly
（ ）28. A. opinion B. rule C. mistake D. homework
（ ）29. A. punish B. protect C. stop D. catch
（ ）30. A. young B. silly C. careless D. responsible
答案与解析：
21.A。根据While表示的让步转折，以及后文说规则通常出于好意，可知前面说规则有时可能让人感觉“无聊”。
22.A。饭前不吃零食有助于确保孩子吃“健康的”正餐。
23.C。这些规则表明父母“关心”孩子。
24.C。校规对于学习是“必要的”。
25.B。穿校服可以减少分心，帮助学生专注于学习，“而不是”专注于穿着。instead of 代替，而不是。
26.B。与后文“如果你认为规则不公平”呼应，有时规则可能显得“不公平”。
27.C。讨论规则应该“有礼貌地”。
28.A。解释你的“观点”。
29.B。规则的目的不是控制你，而是“保护”你。
30. D。当你长大并表现出你是“有责任心的”，你通常会获得更多自由。
(二) 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Do you ever wonder why your school has so many rules From raising your hand to speak to wearing a uniform, rules can sometimes feel limiting. But most school rules are there to create a positive learning environment for everyone.
Safety First: Rules like “no running in the hallways” or “no fighting” are mainly about keeping students safe from physical harm.
Respect for All: Rules about listening when others are speaking, or using polite language, help create an atmosphere of mutual respect. This makes school a more comfortable place for both students and teachers.
Focus on Learning: Rules about turning off mobile phones or not eating in class help minimize distractions. This allows everyone to concentrate better on the lesson.
Preparing for the Future: Following rules at school teaches you about responsibility and respecting authority (权威). These are important skills for future workplaces and for being a good citizen in society.Of course, if you feel a rule is truly unfair or doesn’t make sense, it’s okay to ask a teacher about the reason behind it. Understanding the “why” can make following the rule easier.
（ ）31.What is the main purpose of the passage
To list all common school rules. B. To explain the reasons for school rules.
To complain about strict school rules. D. To compare different schools’ rules.
（ ）32.Which rule is mainly for safety according to the passage
A. Raising your hand to speak. B. Wearing a school uniform.
C. No running in the hallways. D. Turning off mobile phones.
（ ）33. What can rules about using polite language help create
A. Mutual respect. B. More homework. C. Physical safety. D. Future jobs.
（ ）34. How can school rules help students in the future
A. By making them get higher grades. B. By teaching them responsibility.
C. By allowing them to use phones. D. By giving them more free time.
（ ）35. What does the writer suggest if you think a rule is unfair
A. Break it secretly. B.Argue with your teacher.
C. Ignore it completely. D. Ask about the reason.
答案与解析：
31.B。主旨大意题。全文从安全、尊重、学习、未来准备等方面解释了校规存在的原因。
32.C。细节理解题。第二段明确指出“不在走廊奔跑”主要是为了安全。
33.A。细节理解题。第三段说关于使用礼貌语言的规则有助于创造“相互尊重”的氛围。
34.B。细节理解题。第四段说遵守校规教会你“责任感”。
35. D。细节理解题。最后一段建议，如果觉得规则不公平，可以“询问背后的原因”。
B
Liu Ming is a 16-year-old high school student. He has a big argument with his parents about housework. Liu Ming thinks he already has too much homework and needs time to relax, so he shouldn’t have to do chores. His parents believe that doing chores helps to teach responsibility and that everyone in the family should help out.
Here are their opinions:
Liu Ming:“I spend over eight hours a day at school, and then I have at least three hours of homework every night. I need time to rest and hang out with my friends. Doing chores is just a waste of my time. My parents should do them, or we could hire (雇佣) someone.”
Mr. & Mrs. Liu:“We understand Liu Ming is busy with school. But learning to manage time is part of growing up. Doing simple chores like taking out the trash or cleaning his room only takes 30 minutes a day. It teaches him that he is part of a family and has responsibilities. It also prepares him for living independently in the future. We all live here, so we should all contribute (贡献).”
Family experts (专家) suggest that teenagers should indeed help with housework. It builds life skills and a sense of belonging. However, the amount (数量) of chores should be reasonable and not interfere too much with schoolwork and rest.
（ ）36.What is the main argument between Liu Ming and his parents about
A. Housework. B. Pocket money. C. School grades. D. Homework time.
（ ）37. Why doesn’t Liu Ming want to do chores
A. He thinks they are too difficult. B. He believes they are his parents’ job.
C. He is too busy with school and needs to rest. D. He prefers to hire someone.
（ ）38. What do Liu Ming’s parents think doing chores can teach him
A. How to spend money. B. Responsibility and time management.
C. How to get better grades. D. How to argue effectively.
（ ）39. What is the experts’ suggestion
Teenagers should not do any chores.
B. Parents should do all the chores.
C. The amount of chores for teenagers should be reasonable.
D. Chores are more important than homework.
（ ）40. What would be a good solution for this family according to the passage
A. Liu Ming stops doing homework.
B. The parents hire someone to do all chores.
C. Liu Ming moves out to live independently.
D. Liu Ming does a small, reasonable amount of chores.
答案与解析：
A。细节理解题。第一段明确指出争论是关于“家务”。
C。细节理解题。根据Liu Ming的观点，他学业繁忙需要休息。
B。细节理解题。根据父母的观点，做家务可以教他“责任感和时间管理”。
C。细节理解题。专家建议“家务量应该是合理的”。
40. D。推理判断题。综合父母、专家观点，一个折中的好办法是“刘明承担少量合理的家务”。
(三) 书面表达 (5分)
假设你是李华，你们班正在就“Should teenagers be allowed to use smartphones in class ”进行讨论。请你写一篇短文，阐述你的观点并说明理由。提示：
表明你的观点（允许或不允许）。
给出至少两个理由支持你的观点。
可以适当提出建议。
要求：1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥；2. 词数80左右；3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
In our class discussion about whether teenagers should be allowed to use smartphones in class, I think...
In our class discussion about whether teenagers should be allowed to use smartphones in class, I think they should not be allowed.First, smartphones can be a big distraction. Students might play games or chat with friends instead of listening to the teacher. This will affect their learning. Second, it‘s not fair to others. If some students use phones to look up answers during a test, it’s cheating.Of course, smartphones can be useful tools for learning sometimes. So my suggestion is that teachers can allow students to use them for specific educational activities under supervision (监督), but not freely during class time.

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