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人教版八年级英语下册UNIT5 Nature's Temper Section A 讲义
语法考点：
1.过去进行时 过去进行时态
⑴ 用法：
①过去某个时间正在发生的动作
He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。
③过去一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行
When he came in, I was reading.他进来时，我正在阅读。
⑵ 与过去进行时连用的时间状语：at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday / 或有when， while
⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词（-ing）
基本结构
肯定：主语 + was/were + doing
否定：was/were not + doing
疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + doing
2 .while
然而〔表示对比〕
He is a driver while I'm a teacher．他是司机,而我是老师.
区分while &when
while 强调从句的动作和主句的动作同时进行。从句中动词必须是延续性动词(read,sing,learn...)例如：While I was reading, my sister was drawing.我在看书时，妹妹在画画。Don’t talk while you are eating.吃饭时不要说话。He listened to music while he was doing homework.他一边写作业一边听音乐。Eg.
when when 从句中动词 延续性动词和非延续性动词(open,close....)皆可when主从句动作既可同时发生，也可先后发生例如：When I got home, my mom was cooking.我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。Please call me when you arrive.你到的时候给我打电话。
Eg. _______Margo was talking on the phone, her sister walked in.
______we visited the school,the children were playing games.
He was driving along ____suddenly a woman appeared.
3)可以互换的情况（两个都表 “同时进行”）
When / While I was walking, I saw a cat.我走路时看见了一只猫。
4)不能互换的典型对比
When he arrived, we started.（arrive 是瞬间动作，不能用 while）
While he was sleeping, I left.（sleep 是延续动作，可用 when/while）
句子考点：
一．How do natural disasters affect our lives When and where is it likely to happen （p41）
考点
①natural disasters 自然灾害
②affect our lives 影响我们的生活
★affect;effect;effort区别
1. affect （v. ）影响
例句：Natural disasters affect our lives.自然灾害影响我们的生活。
2.effect （n. ）影响、效果
★have an effect on… 对…… 有影响
例句：It has a bad effect on people.它对人们有坏影响。
3. effort （n. ）努力
★make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
例句：We should make an effort to protect the environment.我们应该努力保护环境。
③be likely to happen 可能发生be likely to do 可能做某事= be possible to do /may do
④cause damage 造成损害
⑤lose homes 失去家园lose lives 失去生命
⑥cut off power/water 断电 / 断水
⑦destroy buildings 摧毁建筑
⑧flood 洪水；earthquake 地震；typhoon 台风；storm 暴风雨；drought 干旱;wildfire野火;snowstorm暴风雪
二．What happens during a natural disaster. Xinyi was warning a neighbour / having dinner.
Jiaming was doing chores .A: What was Xinyi doing at the time of... B: She was...（p42）
考点：warn a neighbour 提醒邻居do chores 做家务
at the time of … 在…… 发生时at that time 在那时
三．Sometimes there are tall waves and the areas near the coast get flooded.In the eye of a typhoon, the weather can be very calm.Typhoons cause tsunamis to happenin some places.（p43）
考点
①tall waves 巨浪
②get flooded 被淹没（= be flooded）
③in the eye of a typhoon 在台风眼
④cause sb./sth. to do使某人做某事
四．When did the interviews take place Before the typhoon hit.After the typhoon slowed down.
A window in the man's house broke, and the roof nearly came off. The reporter advised people to be careful, pay attention to the weatherreports, and stay inside.Did you have any trouble during the typhoon
（p43）
考点：重点短语
①take place 发生；举行
②Sth.hit 袭击（台风、灾害常用）
③slow down 减弱；减缓
④come off 脱落；被掀掉
⑤pay attention to 注意
⑥stay inside 待在室内
⑦advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
⑧weather reports天气预报
⑨have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
五．But it was worse than we expected. We were driving home from our relatives' house when the strong winds started.It was raining hard while we were driving back. We almost got into an accident when a truck nearly hit us.（p44）
考点：①drive home from one's relatives' house 从亲戚家开车回家
②strong winds 大风
③rain hard 下大雨
④get into an accident 出车祸
get into sth.陷入（不好的情况）；养成开始；对…… 感兴趣
get into trouble 惹上麻烦get into a habit 养成习惯get into a sport 开始从事某项运动
六．Yes. Luckily, we covered our windows and moved our things off the floor before the typhoon started. We stored food and water too.（p44）
①move…off… 把…… 从…… 移开
move sth. off the floor 把某物从地上移开
②cover the windows 遮住窗户
③store (n.) 百货商店(v. )储存，储藏
store food and water 储存食物和水
七．They stored emergency supplies at home before the typhoon heard about the typhoon yesterday. Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed （p44）
考点：①emergency supplies 应急物资
②hear about 听说
③make preparations 做准备= get ready
prepare v. → preparation n.
④before the typhoon landed 在台风登陆前
八．The typhoon landed on the coast.The power went out.3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. My parents packed the supplies.I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs.（p45）
考点：①land on the coast 在海岸登陆
②the power went out 停电
③warn sb. of sth. 提醒 / 警告某人某事
④pack supplies 打包物资
⑤sleep soundly 睡得很香
⑥rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨（英语谚语）
九．When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain beating against their roof. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they hiding from an angry lion.（p45）
考点：
①beat against… 拍打、敲打（常用于风雨拍打门窗 / 屋顶）
②hide from… 躲避、避开
③form 的用法
（v.）形成；逐渐产生；构成；养成（习惯）
Clouds formed in the sky.天空中形成了云。
We formed a team.我们组成了一个小队。
He has formed the habit of reading.他养成了阅读的习惯。
（n.） 形状； 表格 ；形式；种类
in the form of… 以…… 的形式
fill in a form 填表
different forms of energy 不同形式的能量
form→(adj. )formal 正式的
十．People were asking one another if they were safe while some starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together.（p45）
考点：
①one another相互，彼此 = each other
②start to do sth. / start doing sth.开始做某事
③clear the streets清理街道
④bring sb. closer together让人们关系更紧密；使大家更团结
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