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人教版（2024）
八年级下册英语各单元知识点归纳
Unit4 The wonders of nature
◆短语归纳
1.square kilometre 平方千米 4. bit by bit 一点一点地; 逐渐地 7. dive into 潜入; 跳入 10.in the world 在世界上 2.sea level 海平面 5. cubic metre 立方米 8.the height of ……的高度 11.on earth 究竟; 在地球上 3. at all costs 不惜任何代价 6. at the top of 在……顶上 9.connect with (使)连接；联结 12.by all means 当然; 务必
◆用法集萃
◆词形变化
◆重点句型
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can“see” as well as others.
Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller.
The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long.
◆话题写作
【话题分析】
教材写作解读 (Unit 4 Section B 3c P39)
审题指导
1.文体：说明文 2.人称：第二人称 3.时态：一般现在时
思路点拨
教材写作品读
教材素材积累
开头句
Do you want to visit an unusual place (用 full of作后置定语进行升格)
Do you want to visit an unusual place full of natural wonders and a long history
中间句
1. It's famous for its unique geological features.(用with 作伴随状语进行升格)
It’s famous for its unique geological features, with lots of strange rocks and beautiful valleys.
2. Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes.【教 材Section B 2c】
仿写：庐山位于江西省九江市，是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产地。
Located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province,Mount Lu shan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
3. When you visit it, you can hike along the mountain paths.(用动名词作伴随状语进行升格)
When you visit it, you can hike along the mountain paths, enjoying the fresh air and wonderful views。
结尾句
For people who love the ocean, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime!
【教材 Section B 3a】
仿写：对于那些热爱自然与文化的人来说，游览庐山是个不错的选择！
For those who love nature and culture , visiting Mount Lushan is a good choice!
【名言积累】
1. The beauty of the natural world lies in the details.自然界的美，藏在每一个微小的细节里。
2. If you truly love nature, you will find beauty everywhere.真正热爱自然的人，眼中处处是风景。
范文背诵
◆单元语法归纳
一、变化规则 (Transformation Rules)
规则
变化 分类规则示例单音节词和部分
双音节词 大多数词后加 -er 或 -estfast → faster → fastest以字母e结尾的词后加 -r 或 -stlarge → larger → largest重读闭音节词,双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er 或 -estfat → fatter → fattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾，去y变i，再加 -er 或 -estheavy → heavier → heaviest多音节词和部分
双音节词在词的前面加 more 或 mostpopular → more popular
→ most popular
不规则
变化 原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good / wellbetterbestlittlelessleastbadworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestmany / muchmoremost
二、比较级的用法 (Usage of Comparatives)
句型结构例句与解析主语 + 动词 + 比较级 + than + 比较对象 表示“……比……更……”She pronounces words more clearly than before. 她发音比以前更清楚了。主语 +动词 +比较级 + than any other +可数名词单数 表示同一范围内的比较，“比其他任何……都……”Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越……”...our life is becoming more and more convenient. ...我们的生活变得越来越方便。Which/Who... + 动词 + 比较级, A or B 两者之间的选择Which is fiercer, the tiger or the lion 老虎和狮子哪个更凶猛？
三、最高级的用法 (Usage of Superlatives)
句型结构例句与解析主语+动词(+the) +最高级(+名)+of/in/among短语 表示“……中最……的”He worked hardest among us. 他在我们当中最努力。one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 表示“最……的……之一”Traditional Chinese painting is one of the oldest art forms in the world. 中国传统绘画是世界上最古老的艺术形式之一。the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词单数 表示“第几……”Saturn is the second biggest planet in the solar system. 土星是太阳系中第二大的行星。Which/Who... + 动词 (+the) 最高级, A, B or C 三者或三者以上的选择Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Mike 汤姆、杰克和迈克，谁最高？四、较大数字的表达 (Large Numbers)单位词：hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万), billion (十亿) 1. 确数 (具体数量) 规则：不加s, 不加of
Ex: two thousand students 2. 概数 (模糊数量) 规则：加s, 加of
Ex: thousands of students 3. 大数读法技巧 (三位一逗号) 9,956,654,321 9, 956, 654, 321 ↑
billion
(十亿) ↑
million
(百万) ↑
thousand
(千)
Read: Nine billion, nine hundred and fifty-six million, six hundred and fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one
【即学即练】
Unit4 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级 一、写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式 1.good- 11.well- 21.much- 2.wet- 12.popular- 22.beautiful- 3.quickly- 13.thin- 23.cheap- 4.tall- 14.far- 24.fast- 5.expensive- 15.happy- 25.important- 6.little- 16.slowly- 26.little- 7.interesting- 17.big- 27.short- 8.bad- 18.easy- 28.nice- 9.small- 19.hot- 29.early- 10.young- 20.late- 30.delicious-
二、单项选 ( )1. The Yellow River is long, but the Yangtze River is than it. A. longer B. longest C. short D. shortest ( )2. Spring is warm, and summer is than spring in most parts of China. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest ( )3. Among the three lakes, West Lake is and many people visit it every year. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful ( )4. The we protect the earth, the our lives will be. well; good B. better; better C. best; best D. the best; the best ( )5. The air in the countryside is much than that in the city. fresh B. fresher C. freshest D. the freshest ( )6. Which runs , the tiger, the lion or the cheetah fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest ( )7. The water in this river is clean, but the water in that river is . clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest ( )8. The more we plant trees, the our environment will be. good B. better C. best D. the best ( )9. This small hill is not high. Can you show me a one to climb high B. higher C. highest D. the highest ( )10. This park is one of places in our town on weekends. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The Yangtze River is long, but the Nile is (long) than it. 2.Among all the seasons, spring is (warm) in my hometown. 3.The (much) we protect the forests, the (green) our earth will be. 4.This lake is big, but that one is (big) in our province. 5.This is (high) mountain I have ever climbed in my life. 6.She thinks the West Lake is one of the (beautiful) lakes in China. 7.The snow is falling (heavy) today than yesterday. 8.The (far) we walk along the coast, the more amazing scenery we can see. 9.This desert is (dry) than any other place in the country. 10This term, Jack studies (hard) than he did last term.
参考答案
一．
better; best 2. wetter; wettest 3. more quickly; most quickly 4. taller; tallest
more expensive; most expensive 6. less; least 7. more interesting; most interesting
8 worse; worst 9. smaller; smallest 10. younger; youngest 11. better; best
more popular; most popular 13. thinner; thinnest 14. farther/ further; farthest/ furthest
happier; happiest 16. more slowly; most slowly 17. bigger; biggest 18. easier; easiest
hotter; hottest 20. later; latest 21. more; most 22. more beautiful; most beautiful
cheaper; cheapest 24. faster; fastest 25.more important; most important 26. less; least
27. shorter; shortest 28. nicer; nicest 29.earlier; earliest 30. more delicious; most delicious
二、
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. D
三、
longer 2. the warmest 3. more; greener 4. the biggest 5. the highest 6. most beautiful
7. more heavily 8. farther/ further 9. drier 10. harder

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