资源简介

(共23张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using language
Unit 6 Nature in words
复习：非谓语动词(2)
观察下面句子，体会黑体词所作句子成分。
① ...I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted.
②...wake up to find yourself in another quite different place...
③...I can see the children flattening their noses against the window，...
④...flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow...
⑤...last year I was out of the country，sweating in a hot climate，...
⑥Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
[自主归纳]
1．以上句子中的黑体词部分都为非谓语动词。其中动词-ed分词表示
或已完成；动词-ing分词表示 或进行中；不定式表示 。
2．句②和句④中的不定式和句⑤中的动词-ing分词在句中作 ；句②中的不定式作 状语，句④中的不定式作 状语，句⑤中的动词-ing分词作 状语。
3．句④中的动词-ing分词作 ；单个的分词一般放在名词前面，分词短语放在名词的 。
被动
主动
将来
状语
结果
目的
伴随
定语
后面
一、非谓语动词作定语
1．基本形式和功能
基本形式 功能
(1)v. -ing分词的一般式：doing 主动和正在进行中的动作
v. -ing分词的一般式的被动结构：being done 被动和正在进行中的动作
(2)v. -ed分词：done 被动和完成的动作或仅指完成的动作
基本形式 功能
(3)动词不定式：to do 将要发生的动作
动词不定式的一般式的被动结构：to be done 将要发生和被动的动作
The problem discussed at the last meeting was of great importance.
上次会议被讨论过的问题很重要。
The problem being discussed now is of great importance.
现在正在被讨论的问题非常重要。
The problem to be discussed at the next meeting is of great importance.
下次会议将要被讨论的问题很重要。
2．ability、chance、idea、fact、attempt、moment、way、right等词后，常接不定式作后置定语。
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the astronaut.
我们保证参加聚会的人有机会和这位宇航员合影。
Do you have the ability to read and write in English
你具备英文读写的能力吗？
二、非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语
(1)不定式作目的状语也可以构成so as to do或in order to do的结构。但so as to do不可置于句首。不定式作目的状语置于句中时，不可用逗号将其和句子的其他部分隔开。
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year so as to/in order to visit her.
为了看望她，她母亲计划每年至少乘飞机去北京四次。
In order not to forget，Bob wrote down my phone number.
为了不忘记，鲍勃写下了我的电话号码。
(2)不定式作结果状语。常用于以下句型：so...as to、such...as to do、...enough to do、only to do(常表示意外的结果)、too...to...等。
Jane hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.
简匆匆赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
The walls are now cold enough to cool the house in the hot day.
现在墙壁冷得足以在炎热的白天给房子降温。
(3)不定式作原因状语。多用在表示喜怒哀乐等的形容词后，表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因。
I'm more than happy to hear the news that you'll come to visit me.
我非常高兴听到你要来看我的消息。
2．分词作状语
(1)分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式和伴随状况等。为了强调，还可以与when、while、once、if、unless等连词连用。
Not knowing what to do，I had to wait here.
我不知道该怎么办，只好在这儿等着。
When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．
当一个人被帮助时，常说“谢谢”或“你真好”。
(2)不定式表示结果时往往是意料之外的结果，而分词表示结果时往往是顺理成章、自然而然的结果。
He glanced at her，noticing that though she was tiny，she seemed very well.
他瞥了她一眼，注意到她虽然瘦小，但看起来很精神。
(3)有些分词或不定式短语作状语，构成独立结构，其形式不受上下文的影响。常见的有generally speaking(一般说来)，judging from/by(根据……
来判断)，considering.../taking...into consideration(考虑到)，compared with/to...(与……相比)，to tell you the truth(说实话)，to begin/start with(首先)，given(考虑到)，provided/providing (如果)等。
Most people，generally speaking，are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.
一般说来，大多数人在被人以微笑对待的时候都会报以微笑。
Compared with traditional cards，e-cards are more interesting and lively.
与传统卡片相比，电子卡片更有趣、更生动。
三、非谓语动词作补语
1.后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词
常见的有advise、allow、ask、cause、encourage、expect、forbid、 force、invite、order、permit、persuade、promise、require、 teach、tell、want、warn、wish等。
The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.
医生提醒他不要吃太多的肉。
So children should be encouraged to learn music or listen to music.
所以应该鼓励孩子们学习音乐或听音乐。
2．非谓语动词作感官动词的宾语补足语
感官动词see、watch、notice、observe、look at、hear、listen to、feel的宾语补足语的形式有以下三种：(以hear为例)
I heard Alice sing an English song in the next door just now.
刚才我听见艾丽斯在隔壁唱了一首英文歌。
I heard Alice singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天我经过艾丽斯的房间时，听到她在唱一首英文歌。
I heard an English song being sung by Alice when I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天我经过艾丽斯的房间时，听到她在唱一首英文歌。
To be honest，I would like to see the plan carried out.
老实说，我希望这项计划得以实施。
3．非谓语动词作使役动词的宾语补足语
使役动词make、have、let、get、keep、find、leave等后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语。
(1)make＋宾语＋do/done让……做/被做
(2)keep＋宾语＋doing/done使……一直做/被做
(3)have＋宾语＋do/doing/done让……做/一直做/被做
(4)find＋宾语＋doing/done/to be发现……正在做/被做/是……
He was so greedy that he made his workers work 12 hours a day for him.
他是如此贪婪，让工人一天为他工作12个小时。
Tom had his leg broken while playing football.
汤姆踢足球时腿骨折了。
They found the answer the boy offered to be quite satisfying.
他们发现男孩提供的答案相当令人满意。
4．with复合结构
with＋sb./sth.＋doing(主动、进行)/done(被动、完成)/to do(将来)
John received an invitation to dinner and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了吃饭的邀请，因为工作做完了，他欣然接受了。
With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected president is having a hard time.
由于有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。
With the little boy leading the way，we had no difficulty finding the village.
在小男孩的带领下，我们毫不费力地找到了那个村庄。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I couldn't do my homework with the noise (go) on.
2．They use computers to keep the traffic (run) smoothly.
3．The cars (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
4． (live) in Beijing for years，I almost know every place quite well.
5．Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students.
going
running
being sold
Having lived
spent
6．He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself
(understand).
7．The stadium (build) at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.
8．To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English
(speak) as much as possible.
9．With the couple (work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.
understood
being built
spoken
working
10．In 2011，a film，Soul Surfer, (base) on her experiences，was released and made a hit immediately.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重自己。
If you want to make ，you are above all to respect yourself.
2．再给10天时间，我们一定能把这台机器修好。
，we are sure to complete repairing the machine.
3．一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。
，such a chance might never come again.
based
yourself respected
Given another 10 days
Once lost
4．由于非常激动，那晚他没睡着。
，he couldn't go to sleep that night.
5．从他的话判断，他对我的工作不满意。
，he wasn't satisfied with my work.
Being so excited
Judging from what he said

展开更多......

收起↑