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2026北京10区一模语法填空
词法与构词法考题汇总
词法与构词法：词汇变形 (22题)
【考点：名词 (复数与派生)】
【丰台一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
China’s world natural heritage sites are all in good condition, with their ecological value contributing economically to local ___ (community). In recent years, the country ___ (host) 15 of the world’s 176 natural heritage sites and four of the world’s 25 sites recognised for both cultural and natural features.
【延庆一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
Unearthed from Wei & Jin Dynasties tomb No. 5 in Jiayuguan City, the painted brick with a messenger design is one of the most important ___ (treasure) in Gansu Province Museum. 35cm long and 17cm wide, it has a messenger ___ (ride) a horse with black headband on head and holding in left hand a writ and tally...
【房山一模 C篇 · 第18题】
【原句上下文】
China launched the ___ (construct) of a new large astronomical observation project, the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter SubMillimeter Telescope (XSMT), on September 20, 2025. Situated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this project aims to enhance the country’s ___ (capability) in exploring the cold, hidden universe... As scheduled, the project ___ (complete) in 2027.
【海淀一模 C篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ___ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those who don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ___ (danger).
【丰台一模 B篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
___ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information. With these skills, you can work across a wide ___ (vary) of industries, from health, finance and education to retail.
【石景山一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
As more and more people start to study Chinese, the world will gain an even ___ (deep) understanding of China. On its part, China will also welcome the world with greater ___ (open) to the international community.
【东城一模 B篇 · 第15题】
【原句上下文】
Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ___ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship... It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency.
【房山一模 C篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
China launched the ___ (construct) of a new large astronomical observation project, the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter SubMillimeter Telescope (XSMT), on September 20, 2025. Situated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this project aims to enhance the country’s ___ (capability) in exploring the cold, hidden universe by establishing a high-precision facility that ___ (address) a notable gap in its existing astronomical infrastructure.
【考点：形容词 (比较级/最高级/派生)】
【顺义一模 C篇 · 第20题】
【原句上下文】
With pieces of space rubbish increasingly falling back to Earth and threatening lives, space ___ (send) us a clear signal now. Unless we shift to recyclable satellites and work to build a healthier relationship with space, we will face even ___ (bad) challenges.
【丰台一模 B篇 · 第14题】
【原句上下文】
If you love breaking down big problems and finding meaning in numbers, data-driven careers may be the perfect fit for you. Many people who take on roles like this start with ___ (far) study, often through a graduate diploma in data science. ___ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information.
【石景山一模 A篇 · 第12题】
【原句上下文】
Language is a bridge of interaction between nations. As more and more people start to study Chinese, the world will gain an even ___ (deep) understanding of China. On its part, China will also welcome the world with greater ___ (open) to the international community.
【昌平一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
Maybe I want to read two books a month at first, but this soon decreases to one book, and pretty soon I have forgotten about the goal altogether. A specific goal, like “I want to read at least 20 pages every day this year”, is much ___ (strong) against this natural urge.
【朝阳一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
Tourism is one of the world’s ___ (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, ___ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet.
【石景山一模 C篇 · 第20题】
【原句上下文】
Thomas rushed to wake his neighbours up, and ___ (take) an elderly man out of the bed and into his car. Thomas... drove back several times to rescue people of the town where he’d grown up, delivering them safely to ___ (unflood) shelters.
【海淀一模 C篇 · 第19题】
【原句上下文】
A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ___ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those who don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ___ (danger). By thinking critically, you reject ideas; by being open-minded, you accept them.
【昌平一模 B篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
We regularly gathered for group runs and social events, ___ made running part of my extra-curricular calendar. As I prepared for my first marathon, I could easily consult more ___ (experience) runners to get advice on nutrition, workouts, and race strategies.
【考点：副词 (修饰动词与全句)】
【西城一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
He ___ (calm) listened and said. “You are here to learn to ride a bicycle, not to invent a bicycle.” This experience marked a turning point, ___ I realized the need to refocus on my initial purpose.
【顺义一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
___ (dress) in an orange vest (背心), Tien Kung led the group. After 2 hours and 40 minutes, the race reached its defining moment as Tien Kung stormed ___ (powerful) across the finish line. That breakthrough signaled a historic step toward integrating robots into our daily lives.
【延庆一模 B篇 · 第16题】
【原句上下文】
___ (promote) her region’s tourism and farm produce, she once rode a horse through heavy snow, a video of which went viral online in 2020. She ___ (successful) helped sell over 15 million yuan worth of local goods via livestreams, donating all rewards to public welfare causes. So far, her efforts ___ (transform) products like honey and crystal noodles into popular online goods, creating new opportunities for local farmers.
【昌平一模 B篇 · 第14题】
【原句上下文】
The first organization I joined at university was the running club. This decision was ___ (probable) the single greatest contributor to my exercise habits as a student. Through the team, I ___ (meet) many of my closest friends and had the benefit of a community that supported me as I pursued my goals.
【考点：代词 (反身代词)】
【东城一模 B篇 · 第16题】
【原句上下文】
Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ___ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship to perform delicate equipment repairs all by ___ (they). It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency.
【海淀一模 A篇 · 第12题】
【原句上下文】
A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man ___ (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. Sarah found ___ (she) standing there for nearly an hour. When the puppet was finished, the craftsman pressed it gently into her hands.2026北京10区一模语法填空
词法与构词法考题汇总-教师版
词法与构词法：词汇变形 (22题)
【考点：名词 (复数与派生)】
【丰台一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
China’s world natural heritage sites are all in good condition, with their ecological value contributing economically to local ___ (community). In recent years, the country ___ (host) 15 of the world’s 176 natural heritage sites and four of the world’s 25 sites recognised for both cultural and natural features.
【正确答案】 communities
【深度解析】 考查名词复数。 句意为“其生态价值在经济上对当地各个社区做出了贡献”。形容词 local（当地的）修饰名词。由于自然遗产地分布在不同的区域，涉及的社区是多个，且 community 为可数名词，故变 y 为 i 再加 -es，填 communities。
【延庆一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
Unearthed from Wei & Jin Dynasties tomb No. 5 in Jiayuguan City, the painted brick with a messenger design is one of the most important ___ (treasure) in Gansu Province Museum. 35cm long and 17cm wide, it has a messenger ___ (ride) a horse with black headband on head and holding in left hand a writ and tally...
【正确答案】 treasures
【深度解析】 考查固定句型。 one of the + (形容词最高级) + 可数名词复数 是英语中的极高频句型，意为“最……的（人/物）之一”。名词 treasure 在此处指具体的“珍宝、文物”，为可数名词。故加 -s，填 treasures。
【房山一模 C篇 · 第18题】
【原句上下文】
China launched the ___ (construct) of a new large astronomical observation project, the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter SubMillimeter Telescope (XSMT), on September 20, 2025. Situated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this project aims to enhance the country’s ___ (capability) in exploring the cold, hidden universe... As scheduled, the project ___ (complete) in 2027.
【正确答案】 capabilities
【深度解析】 考查名词复数。 句意为“该项目旨在提升国家在探索寒冷、隐藏的宇宙方面的（各项）能力”。一个国家在天文探索方面的能力是多方面的，因此抽象名词 capability 在此处具体化并使用复数形式。变 y 为 i 加 -es，填 capabilities。
【海淀一模 C篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ___ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those who don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ___ (danger).
【正确答案】 beliefs
【深度解析】 考查名词复数（不规则/特殊变形）。 句意为“可能会有许多正确的信念”。many 只能修饰可数名词复数。注意避坑：belief 的复数形式是直接加 -s，而不是把 f 变成 v 再加 -es（这也是常考的易错点，类似的还有 roofs, cliffs）。故填 beliefs。
【丰台一模 B篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
___ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information. With these skills, you can work across a wide ___ (vary) of industries, from health, finance and education to retail.
【正确答案】 variety
【深度解析】 考查词性转换与固定搭配。 句意为“广泛的不同行业”。a wide variety of...（或者 a great variety of...）是固定搭配，意为“种类繁多的、各种各样的”。此处需要将动词 vary（变化）转化为名词 variety（种类、多样性）。故填 variety。
【石景山一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
As more and more people start to study Chinese, the world will gain an even ___ (deep) understanding of China. On its part, China will also welcome the world with greater ___ (open) to the international community.
【正确答案】 openness
【深度解析】 考查词性转换（形容词变名词）。 句意为“中国也将以更大的开放度欢迎世界”。介词 with 和形容词比较级 greater 后面必须接名词。形容词 open 加名词后缀 -ness 变为抽象名词 openness（开放、坦诚）。故填 openness。
【东城一模 B篇 · 第15题】
【原句上下文】
Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ___ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship... It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency.
【正确答案】 freedom
【深度解析】 考查词性转换（形容词变名词）。 句意为“宇航服应该为穿戴者提供极佳的活动自由”。形容词 excellent 修饰名词。形容词 free 加名词后缀 -dom 变为抽象名词 freedom（自由）。故填 freedom。
【房山一模 C篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
China launched the ___ (construct) of a new large astronomical observation project, the Xue-shan-mu-chang 15-meter SubMillimeter Telescope (XSMT), on September 20, 2025. Situated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, this project aims to enhance the country’s ___ (capability) in exploring the cold, hidden universe by establishing a high-precision facility that ___ (address) a notable gap in its existing astronomical infrastructure.
【正确答案】 construction
【深度解析】 考查词性转换（动词变名词）。 句意为“中国启动了一项新的大型天文观测项目的建设”。the + 名词 + of 是表示所属关系的经典结构。定冠词 the 后须跟名词形式，动词 construct 加后缀 -ion 变名词 construction（建设）。故填 construction。
【考点：形容词 (比较级/最高级/派生)】
【顺义一模 C篇 · 第20题】
【原句上下文】
With pieces of space rubbish increasingly falling back to Earth and threatening lives, space ___ (send) us a clear signal now. Unless we shift to recyclable satellites and work to build a healthier relationship with space, we will face even ___ (bad) challenges.
【正确答案】 worse
【深度解析】 考查形容词比较级（不规则变形）。 句意为“我们将面临甚至更糟糕的挑战”。副词 even（甚至）、much、far、a lot、a little 等常用来修饰形容词的比较级。bad 的比较级是不规则变化。故填 worse。
【丰台一模 B篇 · 第14题】
【原句上下文】
If you love breaking down big problems and finding meaning in numbers, data-driven careers may be the perfect fit for you. Many people who take on roles like this start with ___ (far) study, often through a graduate diploma in data science. ___ this qualification offers are the tools and thinking styles ___ (design) to help you make sense of complex information.
【正确答案】 further
【深度解析】 考查形容词比较级（不规则变形与词义辨析）。 句意为“许多担任这类角色的人都是从进阶（更深一步）的学习开始的”。far 有两个比较级：farther（常指具体物理距离的“更远”）和 further（常指抽象程度上的“进一步的、更深的”）。此处指“进一步的学习”，固定搭配为 further study。故填 further。
【石景山一模 A篇 · 第12题】
【原句上下文】
Language is a bridge of interaction between nations. As more and more people start to study Chinese, the world will gain an even ___ (deep) understanding of China. On its part, China will also welcome the world with greater ___ (open) to the international community.
【正确答案】 deeper
【深度解析】 考查形容词比较级。 句末的 an even... understanding 提示了这里需要用比较级，因为前文说“越来越多的人开始学习汉语”，对应的结果是世界将对中国有“甚至更深的”了解。even 修饰比较级。故填 deeper。
【昌平一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
Maybe I want to read two books a month at first, but this soon decreases to one book, and pretty soon I have forgotten about the goal altogether. A specific goal, like “I want to read at least 20 pages every day this year”, is much ___ (strong) against this natural urge.
【正确答案】 stronger
【深度解析】 考查形容词比较级。 句中的 much 明确提示此处需要使用比较级形式。句意为“一个具体的目标……在抵制这种自然冲动时要强大得多”。故填 stronger。
【朝阳一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
Tourism is one of the world’s ___ (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, ___ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet.
【正确答案】 biggest
【深度解析】 考查形容词最高级。 又一次出现 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 句型。意为“世界最大的产业之一”。注意 big 是重读闭音节单词，需要双写末尾辅音字母 g 再加 -est。故填 biggest。
【石景山一模 C篇 · 第20题】
【原句上下文】
Thomas rushed to wake his neighbours up, and ___ (take) an elderly man out of the bed and into his car. Thomas... drove back several times to rescue people of the town where he’d grown up, delivering them safely to ___ (unflood) shelters.
【正确答案】 unflooded
【深度解析】 考查词性转换与前/后缀辨析。 句意为“将他们安全送到未被洪水淹没的避难所”。设空处修饰名词 shelters。由于城镇遭遇了洪灾，这里指的是“没有被水淹没的”避难所。动词 flood 加上表示被动/状态的 -ed 变成形容词，再结合前缀 un- 表示否定。故填 unflooded。
【海淀一模 C篇 · 第19题】
【原句上下文】
A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ___ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those who don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ___ (danger). By thinking critically, you reject ideas; by being open-minded, you accept them.
【正确答案】 dangerous
【深度解析】 考查词性转换（名词变形容词）及平行结构。 句意为“最终相信的事情不仅是错误的，而且是危险的”。not only A, but also B 要求前后连接的词性一致（平行结构）。A处的 false（错误的）是形容词，所以B处的 danger 也必须变成形容词形式 dangerous。故填 dangerous。
【昌平一模 B篇 · 第17题】
【原句上下文】
We regularly gathered for group runs and social events, ___ made running part of my extra-curricular calendar. As I prepared for my first marathon, I could easily consult more ___ (experience) runners to get advice on nutrition, workouts, and race strategies.
【正确答案】 experienced
【深度解析】 考查词性转换（名词转分词形容词）。 句意为“我可以轻松地向更有经验的跑步者请教”。修饰名词 runners，需要把名词/动词 experience 转化为形容词 experienced（富有经验的）。故填 experienced。
【考点：副词 (修饰动词与全句)】
【西城一模 A篇 · 第11题】
【原句上下文】
He ___ (calm) listened and said. “You are here to learn to ride a bicycle, not to invent a bicycle.” This experience marked a turning point, ___ I realized the need to refocus on my initial purpose.
【正确答案】 calmly
【深度解析】 考查形容词变副词。 设空处修饰句子谓语动词 listened（听），修饰动词要用副词形式。形容词 calm 加上后缀 -ly 变成副词 calmly（平静地）。故填 calmly。
【顺义一模 A篇 · 第13题】
【原句上下文】
___ (dress) in an orange vest (背心), Tien Kung led the group. After 2 hours and 40 minutes, the race reached its defining moment as Tien Kung stormed ___ (powerful) across the finish line. That breakthrough signaled a historic step toward integrating robots into our daily lives.
【正确答案】 powerfully
【深度解析】 考查形容词变副词。 句意为“天工（机器人）强有力地冲过终点线”。设空处修饰动词 stormed，需要用副词形式。形容词 powerful 加 -ly 变副词。故填 powerfully。
【延庆一模 B篇 · 第16题】
【原句上下文】
___ (promote) her region’s tourism and farm produce, she once rode a horse through heavy snow, a video of which went viral online in 2020. She ___ (successful) helped sell over 15 million yuan worth of local goods via livestreams, donating all rewards to public welfare causes. So far, her efforts ___ (transform) products like honey and crystal noodles into popular online goods, creating new opportunities for local farmers.
【正确答案】 successfully
【深度解析】 考查形容词变副词。 句意为“她成功地帮助通过直播销售了……”。修饰动词短语 helped sell，作状语，必须使用副词。形容词 successful 后加 -ly。故填 successfully。
【昌平一模 B篇 · 第14题】
【原句上下文】
The first organization I joined at university was the running club. This decision was ___ (probable) the single greatest contributor to my exercise habits as a student. Through the team, I ___ (meet) many of my closest friends and had the benefit of a community that supported me as I pursued my goals.
【正确答案】 probably
【深度解析】 考查形容词变副词。 设空处在系动词 was 之后，作为程度副词修饰整个句子的表语部分（甚至可视为修饰全句的评注性副词）。形容词 probable（可能的）变为副词时，去 e 加 y。故填 probably。
【考点：代词 (反身代词)】
【东城一模 B篇 · 第16题】
【原句上下文】
Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ___ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship to perform delicate equipment repairs all by ___ (they). It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency.
【正确答案】 themselves
【深度解析】 考查反身代词及固定搭配。 句意为“穿戴者往往可能在飞船外进行太空行走，从而独自进行精密的设备维修”。all by oneself 是英语常考固定搭配，意为“独立地、靠自己、独自一人”。因为前面的逻辑主语是 wearers / who（复数），因此代词需变为反身代词复数。故填 themselves。
【海淀一模 A篇 · 第12题】
【原句上下文】
A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man ___ (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. Sarah found ___ (she) standing there for nearly an hour. When the puppet was finished, the craftsman pressed it gently into her hands.
【正确答案】 herself
【深度解析】 考查反身代词及固定用法。 句意为“萨拉发现自己不知不觉在那里站了将近一个小时”。find oneself doing sth. 是固定用法，意为“（突然）发现自己处于某种状态/在做某事”。当句子的宾语与主语（Sarah/she）是同一人时，宾语必须使用反身代词。故填 herself。

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