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题型过关第4讲 语法填空
结合人教版八下教材的核心语法（现在完成时、过去进行时、情态动词、非谓语动词、状语从句等）：
一、通用解题步骤（3步走）
1. 通读全文，把握大意
先快速读一遍文章，了解故事背景、时态基调（比如八下常考的现在完成时叙事），不要一上来就填空，避免断章取义。
2. 分句分析，判断考点
划分句子结构，判断空格在句中充当的成分（主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语等），区分有提示词和无提示词两类题型。
3. 瞻前顾后，验证答案
填完后再通读全文，检查语法是否正确、语义是否通顺、上下文逻辑是否连贯，尤其注意时态一致、主谓一致。
分题型解题技巧
（一）有提示词填空（占7-8空，核心考点）
这类空会给出一个基础单词，需要根据语境变形，八下高频考点如下：
1. 动词变形（最高频）
- 谓语动词：先判断时态（八下重点：现在完成时 have/has+done 、过去进行时 was/were+doing 、一般过去时），再判断语态（主动/被动），最后注意主谓一致。
例： I ______ (read) this book since last month. → 用现在完成时 have read
- 非谓语动词：句子已有谓语时，考虑 to do （表目的/将来）、 doing （表主动/进行）、 done （表被动/完成），熟记固定搭配（如 enjoy doing 、 want to do 、 used to do ）。
- 词性转换：动词变名词（ act→action ）、动词变形容词（ use→useful ）等。
2. 名词/代词变形
- 名词：判断单复数（规则变化 -s/-es ，不规则变化 man→men ）、所有格（ Tom's ）。
- 代词：主格/宾格（ I→me ）、形容词性/名词性物主代词（ my→mine ）、反身代词（ myself ）。
3. 形容词/副词变形
- 变级：原级/比较级/最高级（八下常考比较级 than 、最高级 the+...+in/of ）。
- 变词性：形容词变副词（ careful→carefully ，修饰动词/形容词），副词变形容词（修饰名词/作表语）。
（二）无提示词填空（占2-3空，功能词为主）
这类空需要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等，八下高频考点：
1. 冠词：名词前缺限定词时，填 a/an （泛指）、 the （特指/独一无二的事物），注意 an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。
2. 介词：熟记固定搭配（如 be good at 、 look forward to 、 in order to ），或时间/地点介词（ in/on/at ）。
3. 连词：
- 并列连词： and （顺承）、 but （转折）、 or （选择/否则）、 so （因果）。
- 从句连词：八下重点状语从句（ when/while 引导时间状语从句、 if 引导条件状语从句）。
4. 代词：填 it 作形式主语/形式宾语，或指示代词 this/that 等。
三、八下教材专属考点提醒
- 现在完成时：看到 since 、 for 、 already 、 yet 、 ever 、 never ，优先用 have/has+过去分词 。
- 过去进行时：看到 at 8 o'clock yesterday 、 when/while 引导的过去时间状语，用 was/were+doing 。
- 情态动词： could 、 should 、 must 后接动词原形，注意 have to 的时态变化。
- 非谓语动词： hope to do 、 decide to do 、 mind doing 、 finish doing 等固定搭配是八下Unit 1-6的高频考点。
（1）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to be very shy and nervous when I spoke in front of people. My teacher noticed this and suggested that I should take up 1 new hobby to build my confidence. She said, “Why not try calligraphy It’s relaxing and helps you focus.”
I decided to give it a go. At first, it was difficult 2 (control) the brush, and I often made a mess. But I didn’t give up. I practiced single 3 (stroke) again and again. 4 (surprising), I started to see improvement soon. It was much 5 (fast) than I expected. My teacher encouraged me not to give up 6 practice was the key to success.
Now, I really enjoy 7 (do) calligraphy. It allows me to stay calm and express 8 (I). I even joined a calligraphy club and made new friends. This hobby not only helps me relax but also gives me a strong sense of 9 (achieve). I also learn about Chinese culture and history by doing calligraphy.
Sometimes, I teach my younger sister how to write. 10 return, she teaches me how to draw. We encourage each other to keep learning. This hobby has changed my life in a positive way.
（2）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adam is a 13-year-old middle school student. He is doing a survey on free-time 11 (activity) these days. He communicates 12 Mark, one of his friends at first. Mark says that he is interested in 13 (program). Over three years ago, he learnt it by 14 (he), and now he is really good at it. Last week, he even 15 (create) an app after failing many times. Another activity Mark likes to do is hiking. He believes it is 16 great form of exercise. “Another friend of Adam’s, Diana, also shares her interest. She loves painting and believes it can encourage her 17 (show) her feelings. Rose likes to play the flute when she is free. At first, she thought it was difficult to learn 18 she didn’t give up. She kept practising it for a long time. 19 (slow), her skills improved. Now, it is much 20 (easy) than before for her to play the flute. She hopes to play the flute at the coming art festival.
（3）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Venus,
Hi, my name is Kylie. I am 15 years old. I live in New Hampshire. I’m so 21 (excite) to hear all about Iceland and what it is like where you live.
In my small city, we join in many fun 22 (activity) in my free time. I love to go hiking with my family 23 friends, take bike rides, and walk through our nature park. We also have lots of great places where we can shop and eat.
Now I’m in the 9th grade. 24 (I) school offers many different language classes such 25 Chinese, Spanish, and French. I chose 26 (learn) Chinese because I’m interested in Chinese culture. Do you take language 27 (class) in Iceland
What language do people in Iceland speak What do you 28 (usual) do in your free time I’m looking forward to 29 (hear) back from you. If you have any questions about my life in 30 US, feel free to ask.
Kylie
（4）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
I first became interested in calligraphy (书法) when my mum took me to a museum. The beautiful pieces of writing there were so shining that I 31 (touch) by them at once. I decided to try it 32 (I) the very same way.
So, I took part in a calligraphy class. At first, I found it quite challenging. Holding the soft brush 33 (correct) and controlling the ink (墨水) seemed difficult. However, with practice 34 patience, I improved.
Since I began practising my calligraphy skills, I 35 (learn) more about Chinese characters. Over thousands of years, they have developed from drawings into standard forms. What’s more, Chinese people’s attitude (态度) toward life is shown in calligraphy, too.
As a treasure of Chinese traditional culture, calligraphy is now practised by many people. Calligraphy is not only 36 writing skill but also an art that can develop our mind and character. It is now one of my 37 (hobby) that help me relax. When I write, my mind starts to become peaceful, especially when I’m stressed.
I’m also proud to see my works get much 38 (good). When the Spring Festival comes, my mother always enjoys 39 (stick) the “Fu” character I write onto the door. 40 a happy time calligraphy has brought us!
（5）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In the past, my friend Jack often had accidents. He didn’t pay attention to the road 41 (safe). A few months ago, 42 his eighteenth birthday, Jack was using his mobile phone while riding a bike on the road. The driver of a car was so 43 (care) that the car hit Jack. His left leg was very painful and bled. The doctor 44 (check) him very carefully, Jack’s left leg was broken and he had to stay in the hospital for six weeks.
Last week, he fell into a hole in the park. Some people in the park helped him climb out of the hole. It was lucky that he did not break an arm or 45 leg. So he went to the hospital by 46 (he). The doctor gave him some 47 (pill), and then he went home. I told him that he should 48 (be) careful, but he didn’t listen to me. After these two accidents happened, he promised 49 (take) my advice. Now he takes safety seriously. 50 life is full of accidents, it’s always good to be careful.
（6）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Cats are playful and friendly pets, but they may hurt us. A cat scratch (划伤) might make us feel ill, like having 51 fever. Sometimes, cats, especially homeless ones, can even carry a 52 (danger) virus and it can cause rabies (狂犬病). This disease (疾病) is serious and can bring great problems. So it’s important to know how to protect 53 (we) and what to do if we get scratched.
Here are some first aid 54 (tip). If you get cat scratches, wash them with soap (肥皂) and running water right away. If the scratch is 55 (bleed), don’t touch it with dirty hands. Instead, press it with something clean 56 the bleeding stops.
While some scratches aren’t serious and you can treat them at home, others might need medical attention. If you are unsure, see a doctor 57 (check) if you need treatment.
Remember, 58 (safe) always comes first when you play with cats. Use toys instead 59 hands to play with them. Avoid pulling their tails. With good care, you can enjoy time with cats 60 (happy) and safely.
（7）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Last week, some small accidents 61 (happen) to my classmates.
David had a 62 (stomach) because he ate too much at his friend’s birthday party. He said he could not help himself because the food was too delicious. The nurse told him to be careful next time. She also advised him 63 (avoid) soft drinks for now, 64 the gas could make the ache worse.
Ben fell down during a football game and got a backache. His friend Sarah told him to be much 65 (careful) next time, as accidents often happen in sports.
Nancy had a terrible toothache, because she ate too many sweet things. The nurse suggested that she should see a dentist and get 66 X-ray. She also told Nancy to eat some soft food instead 67 sweet food, and remember to brush her teeth 68 (care) too.
Jeff fell off his bike and his nose started bleeding. The nurse asked him to press down on his nose and wait for a few minutes. She said it was not serious, but he should look after 69 (he) better.
Judy practised her speech for hours without 70 (drink) enough water, so she is now suffering from a sore throat. She should rest her voice for a long time.
（8）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Have you ever had the flu 71 you have, you know how bad it can make you feel. Most kids will get the flu sometime during 72 (they) school years.
When you have the flu, you usually get a fever which can be high, have 73 cough, feel very tired, and may have a sore throat as well. It can make you feel sick 74 a few days or as long as a week. Sometimes, it can be hard 75 if you have the flu or a cold, but with the flu, you’ll usually have a higher fever and feel much 76 (bad). The flu is a type of virus, which means 77 (medical) will only help the symptoms (症状) such as cough and fever. For most kids, the flu comes and goes, but for some, it can be a serious 78 (ill). Most kids get the flu in winter because germs (细菌) spread more 79 (easy) when kids are indoors, such as in classrooms.
The best way to stop yourself from 80 (have) the flu is to wash your hands often, and go to your doctor for the flu shot (疫苗).
（9）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Feeling happy is important for everyone. Here are some easy ways to help you improve your mood (情绪) and stay positive.
81 (one) of all, try controlling your thoughts. When you feel sad, think about good things.For example, you can write down what makes you smile. This activity helps you focus 82 the bright side. Life is full of surprises, just like small unexpected 83 (present) on your birthday. Even when things seem hard, remember that good things may come soon.
Second,when you 84 (speak) to others, it’s important to show your feelings clearly. If you’re sad, tell your feelings to 85 friend or family member. And don’t forget to put 86 (you) in others’ shoes. If someone is angry or sad, try to understand their feelings.
Being kind helps both them and you.
Third,making a 87 (decide) to stay positive can be powerful. Choose to smile, even on difficult days,and you’ll feel better.
Fourth,exercise can improve your mood, 88 it might be tiring at first. A short walk or playing a game can make you happier.
Fifth,always be 89 (thank) for the good things in your life. Saying “thank you” for small joys keeps your heart warm.
Lastly,see problems 90 (different). Mistakes are chances to learn, not just failures.
By practising these ways, you can keep a happy and positive mind every day!
（10）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Everyone has days when they’re in low spirits. It might be because of heavy study pressure, a silly fight with classmates, or even parents’ high expectations that make us feel stressed. These negative feelings are normal, but knowing how 91 (deal) with them is very important.
Last week, I had a big argument with my sister about using the computer. I said something 92 (hurt), and she refused (拒绝) to talk to me. I felt upset, but I didn’t want to admit my mistake at first. Later, my dad noticed and gave me a piece of 93 (advise). He told me to calm down and think about how she felt. I followed his words, found my sister, and 94 (apologize). To my relief, she smiled and forgave me right away.
When stress from tests makes me nervous, I have a small trick (技巧). I take a short walk outside or listen to my favourite songs. Doing this can reduce my stress 95 half! It’s important to remember that feeling down isn’t our fault. We shouldn’t let these bad moods leave 96 ugly mark on our happy days.
Sometimes we need to talk to someone we trust, like a friend or teacher, so 97 we don’t have to face the problems alone. Sharing our worries helps us get across our true feelings 98 (clear). Facing bad moods bravely makes us 99 (strong) than before, so that we can deal with more challenges in the future. And most importantly, we should be kind to 100 ./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第4讲 语法填空
结合人教版八下教材的核心语法（现在完成时、过去进行时、情态动词、非谓语动词、状语从句等）：
一、通用解题步骤（3步走）
1. 通读全文，把握大意
先快速读一遍文章，了解故事背景、时态基调（比如八下常考的现在完成时叙事），不要一上来就填空，避免断章取义。
2. 分句分析，判断考点
划分句子结构，判断空格在句中充当的成分（主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语等），区分有提示词和无提示词两类题型。
3. 瞻前顾后，验证答案
填完后再通读全文，检查语法是否正确、语义是否通顺、上下文逻辑是否连贯，尤其注意时态一致、主谓一致。
分题型解题技巧
（一）有提示词填空（占7-8空，核心考点）
这类空会给出一个基础单词，需要根据语境变形，八下高频考点如下：
1. 动词变形（最高频）
- 谓语动词：先判断时态（八下重点：现在完成时 have/has+done 、过去进行时 was/were+doing 、一般过去时），再判断语态（主动/被动），最后注意主谓一致。
例： I ______ (read) this book since last month. → 用现在完成时 have read
- 非谓语动词：句子已有谓语时，考虑 to do （表目的/将来）、 doing （表主动/进行）、 done （表被动/完成），熟记固定搭配（如 enjoy doing 、 want to do 、 used to do ）。
- 词性转换：动词变名词（ act→action ）、动词变形容词（ use→useful ）等。
2. 名词/代词变形
- 名词：判断单复数（规则变化 -s/-es ，不规则变化 man→men ）、所有格（ Tom's ）。
- 代词：主格/宾格（ I→me ）、形容词性/名词性物主代词（ my→mine ）、反身代词（ myself ）。
3. 形容词/副词变形
- 变级：原级/比较级/最高级（八下常考比较级 than 、最高级 the+...+in/of ）。
- 变词性：形容词变副词（ careful→carefully ，修饰动词/形容词），副词变形容词（修饰名词/作表语）。
（二）无提示词填空（占2-3空，功能词为主）
这类空需要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等，八下高频考点：
1. 冠词：名词前缺限定词时，填 a/an （泛指）、 the （特指/独一无二的事物），注意 an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。
2. 介词：熟记固定搭配（如 be good at 、 look forward to 、 in order to ），或时间/地点介词（ in/on/at ）。
3. 连词：
- 并列连词： and （顺承）、 but （转折）、 or （选择/否则）、 so （因果）。
- 从句连词：八下重点状语从句（ when/while 引导时间状语从句、 if 引导条件状语从句）。
4. 代词：填 it 作形式主语/形式宾语，或指示代词 this/that 等。
三、八下教材专属考点提醒
- 现在完成时：看到 since 、 for 、 already 、 yet 、 ever 、 never ，优先用 have/has+过去分词 。
- 过去进行时：看到 at 8 o'clock yesterday 、 when/while 引导的过去时间状语，用 was/were+doing 。
- 情态动词： could 、 should 、 must 后接动词原形，注意 have to 的时态变化。
- 非谓语动词： hope to do 、 decide to do 、 mind doing 、 finish doing 等固定搭配是八下Unit 1-6的高频考点。
（1）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to be very shy and nervous when I spoke in front of people. My teacher noticed this and suggested that I should take up 1 new hobby to build my confidence. She said, “Why not try calligraphy It’s relaxing and helps you focus.”
I decided to give it a go. At first, it was difficult 2 (control) the brush, and I often made a mess. But I didn’t give up. I practiced single 3 (stroke) again and again. 4 (surprising), I started to see improvement soon. It was much 5 (fast) than I expected. My teacher encouraged me not to give up 6 practice was the key to success.
Now, I really enjoy 7 (do) calligraphy. It allows me to stay calm and express 8 (I). I even joined a calligraphy club and made new friends. This hobby not only helps me relax but also gives me a strong sense of 9 (achieve). I also learn about Chinese culture and history by doing calligraphy.
Sometimes, I teach my younger sister how to write. 10 return, she teaches me how to draw. We encourage each other to keep learning. This hobby has changed my life in a positive way.
（2）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adam is a 13-year-old middle school student. He is doing a survey on free-time 11 (activity) these days. He communicates 12 Mark, one of his friends at first. Mark says that he is interested in 13 (program). Over three years ago, he learnt it by 14 (he), and now he is really good at it. Last week, he even 15 (create) an app after failing many times. Another activity Mark likes to do is hiking. He believes it is 16 great form of exercise. “Another friend of Adam’s, Diana, also shares her interest. She loves painting and believes it can encourage her 17 (show) her feelings. Rose likes to play the flute when she is free. At first, she thought it was difficult to learn 18 she didn’t give up. She kept practising it for a long time. 19 (slow), her skills improved. Now, it is much 20 (easy) than before for her to play the flute. She hopes to play the flute at the coming art festival.
（3）
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Venus,
Hi, my name is Kylie. I am 15 years old. I live in New Hampshire. I’m so 21 (excite) to hear all about Iceland and what it is like where you live.
In my small city, we join in many fun 22 (activity) in my free time. I love to go hiking with my family 23 friends, take bike rides, and walk through our nature park. We also have lots of great places where we can shop and eat.
Now I’m in the 9th grade. 24 (I) school offers many different language classes such 25 Chinese, Spanish, and French. I chose 26 (learn) Chinese because I’m interested in Chinese culture. Do you take language 27 (class) in Iceland
What language do people in Iceland speak What do you 28 (usual) do in your free time I’m looking forward to 29 (hear) back from you. If you have any questions about my life in 30 US, feel free to ask.
Kylie
（4）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
I first became interested in calligraphy (书法) when my mum took me to a museum. The beautiful pieces of writing there were so shining that I 31 (touch) by them at once. I decided to try it 32 (I) the very same way.
So, I took part in a calligraphy class. At first, I found it quite challenging. Holding the soft brush 33 (correct) and controlling the ink (墨水) seemed difficult. However, with practice 34 patience, I improved.
Since I began practising my calligraphy skills, I 35 (learn) more about Chinese characters. Over thousands of years, they have developed from drawings into standard forms. What’s more, Chinese people’s attitude (态度) toward life is shown in calligraphy, too.
As a treasure of Chinese traditional culture, calligraphy is now practised by many people. Calligraphy is not only 36 writing skill but also an art that can develop our mind and character. It is now one of my 37 (hobby) that help me relax. When I write, my mind starts to become peaceful, especially when I’m stressed.
I’m also proud to see my works get much 38 (good). When the Spring Festival comes, my mother always enjoys 39 (stick) the “Fu” character I write onto the door. 40 a happy time calligraphy has brought us!
（5）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
In the past, my friend Jack often had accidents. He didn’t pay attention to the road 41 (safe). A few months ago, 42 his eighteenth birthday, Jack was using his mobile phone while riding a bike on the road. The driver of a car was so 43 (care) that the car hit Jack. His left leg was very painful and bled. The doctor 44 (check) him very carefully, Jack’s left leg was broken and he had to stay in the hospital for six weeks.
Last week, he fell into a hole in the park. Some people in the park helped him climb out of the hole. It was lucky that he did not break an arm or 45 leg. So he went to the hospital by 46 (he). The doctor gave him some 47 (pill), and then he went home. I told him that he should 48 (be) careful, but he didn’t listen to me. After these two accidents happened, he promised 49 (take) my advice. Now he takes safety seriously. 50 life is full of accidents, it’s always good to be careful.
（6）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Cats are playful and friendly pets, but they may hurt us. A cat scratch (划伤) might make us feel ill, like having 51 fever. Sometimes, cats, especially homeless ones, can even carry a 52 (danger) virus and it can cause rabies (狂犬病). This disease (疾病) is serious and can bring great problems. So it’s important to know how to protect 53 (we) and what to do if we get scratched.
Here are some first aid 54 (tip). If you get cat scratches, wash them with soap (肥皂) and running water right away. If the scratch is 55 (bleed), don’t touch it with dirty hands. Instead, press it with something clean 56 the bleeding stops.
While some scratches aren’t serious and you can treat them at home, others might need medical attention. If you are unsure, see a doctor 57 (check) if you need treatment.
Remember, 58 (safe) always comes first when you play with cats. Use toys instead 59 hands to play with them. Avoid pulling their tails. With good care, you can enjoy time with cats 60 (happy) and safely.
（7）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Last week, some small accidents 61 (happen) to my classmates.
David had a 62 (stomach) because he ate too much at his friend’s birthday party. He said he could not help himself because the food was too delicious. The nurse told him to be careful next time. She also advised him 63 (avoid) soft drinks for now, 64 the gas could make the ache worse.
Ben fell down during a football game and got a backache. His friend Sarah told him to be much 65 (careful) next time, as accidents often happen in sports.
Nancy had a terrible toothache, because she ate too many sweet things. The nurse suggested that she should see a dentist and get 66 X-ray. She also told Nancy to eat some soft food instead 67 sweet food, and remember to brush her teeth 68 (care) too.
Jeff fell off his bike and his nose started bleeding. The nurse asked him to press down on his nose and wait for a few minutes. She said it was not serious, but he should look after 69 (he) better.
Judy practised her speech for hours without 70 (drink) enough water, so she is now suffering from a sore throat. She should rest her voice for a long time.
（8）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Have you ever had the flu 71 you have, you know how bad it can make you feel. Most kids will get the flu sometime during 72 (they) school years.
When you have the flu, you usually get a fever which can be high, have 73 cough, feel very tired, and may have a sore throat as well. It can make you feel sick 74 a few days or as long as a week. Sometimes, it can be hard 75 if you have the flu or a cold, but with the flu, you’ll usually have a higher fever and feel much 76 (bad). The flu is a type of virus, which means 77 (medical) will only help the symptoms (症状) such as cough and fever. For most kids, the flu comes and goes, but for some, it can be a serious 78 (ill). Most kids get the flu in winter because germs (细菌) spread more 79 (easy) when kids are indoors, such as in classrooms.
The best way to stop yourself from 80 (have) the flu is to wash your hands often, and go to your doctor for the flu shot (疫苗).
（9）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Feeling happy is important for everyone. Here are some easy ways to help you improve your mood (情绪) and stay positive.
81 (one) of all, try controlling your thoughts. When you feel sad, think about good things.For example, you can write down what makes you smile. This activity helps you focus 82 the bright side. Life is full of surprises, just like small unexpected 83 (present) on your birthday. Even when things seem hard, remember that good things may come soon.
Second,when you 84 (speak) to others, it’s important to show your feelings clearly. If you’re sad, tell your feelings to 85 friend or family member. And don’t forget to put 86 (you) in others’ shoes. If someone is angry or sad, try to understand their feelings.
Being kind helps both them and you.
Third,making a 87 (decide) to stay positive can be powerful. Choose to smile, even on difficult days,and you’ll feel better.
Fourth,exercise can improve your mood, 88 it might be tiring at first. A short walk or playing a game can make you happier.
Fifth,always be 89 (thank) for the good things in your life. Saying “thank you” for small joys keeps your heart warm.
Lastly,see problems 90 (different). Mistakes are chances to learn, not just failures.
By practising these ways, you can keep a happy and positive mind every day!
（10）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Everyone has days when they’re in low spirits. It might be because of heavy study pressure, a silly fight with classmates, or even parents’ high expectations that make us feel stressed. These negative feelings are normal, but knowing how 91 (deal) with them is very important.
Last week, I had a big argument with my sister about using the computer. I said something 92 (hurt), and she refused (拒绝) to talk to me. I felt upset, but I didn’t want to admit my mistake at first. Later, my dad noticed and gave me a piece of 93 (advise). He told me to calm down and think about how she felt. I followed his words, found my sister, and 94 (apologize). To my relief, she smiled and forgave me right away.
When stress from tests makes me nervous, I have a small trick (技巧). I take a short walk outside or listen to my favourite songs. Doing this can reduce my stress 95 half! It’s important to remember that feeling down isn’t our fault. We shouldn’t let these bad moods leave 96 ugly mark on our happy days.
Sometimes we need to talk to someone we trust, like a friend or teacher, so 97 we don’t have to face the problems alone. Sharing our worries helps us get across our true feelings 98 (clear). Facing bad moods bravely makes us 99 (strong) than before, so that we can deal with more challenges in the future. And most importantly, we should be kind to 100 .
参考答案
（1）
1．a 2．to control 3．strokes 4．Surprisingly 5．faster 6．because 7．doing 8．myself 9．achievement 10．In
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者通过学习书法克服胆怯、建立自信并深入了解中国文化的故事，分享了兴趣爱好对生活的积极影响。
1．句意：我的老师注意到了这一点，并建议我应该开始一个新爱好来建立自信。空格后的“new hobby”为可数名词单数且发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词限定。
2．句意：起初，控制毛笔很难，我经常弄得一团糟。句型结构“It was difficult…”符合“It is + adj. + to do sth.”结构，需用动词不定式作真正的主语。
3．句意：我一遍又一遍地练习单个笔画。stroke为可数名词，此处表示作者反复练习很多个“单独的笔画”，需用复数形式。
4．句意：令人惊讶的是，我很快就开始看到进步了。空格位于句首修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。
5．句意：这比我预期的要快得多。句中“than”引导比较结构，且空格前有程度副词“much”修饰，需用形容词比较级形式。
6．句意：我的老师鼓励我不要放弃，因为练习是成功的关键。空格后“practice was the key to success”是完整句子，用于解释“不要放弃”的原因，需用从属连词引导原因状语从句。
7．句意：现在，我真的很喜欢做书法。根据固定用法“enjoy doing sth.”可知，此处需用动名词形式作动词宾语。
8．句意：它让我保持冷静并表达自己。句中动作的发出者（主语）为“It”，但意义上是表达“我”（作者）的内心，且结合语境“express myself”意为“表达自我”，需用反身代词。
9．句意：这个爱好不仅帮助我放松，还给我强烈的成就感。空格处在介词“of”后，需用名词形式构成固定短语“sense of achievement”。
10．句意：作为回报，她教我怎么画画。固定搭配“in return”意为“作为回报”，空格位于句首且作为短语首词。
（2）
11．activities 12．with 13．programming 14．himself 15．created 16．a 17．to show 18．but 19．Slowly 20．easier
【导语】本文介绍亚当调查朋友们的业余爱好，包括编程、徒步、绘画和吹长笛。
11．句意：这些天他正在做一个关于业余活动的调查。介词“on”后需接名词作宾语，且此处表示泛指多种活动，activity的复数形式是activities。
12．句意：他先和他的朋友马克交流。“communicate with”是动词短语，意为“与……交流”，后接交流的对象。
13．句意：马克说他对编程感兴趣。介词“in”后需接名词或动名词作宾语，program的动名词形式programming意为“编程”。
14．句意：三年多以前，他自学了编程，并且现在很擅长编程。“by oneself”是介词短语，意为“独自、靠自己”，主语是he，故用反身代词himself。
15．句意：上周，他甚至在失败多次后创建了一个应用程序。时间状语“Last week”是过去时的标志，需用一般过去时，create的过去式是created。
16．句意：他相信这是一种很好的锻炼形式。“form”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种”，需用不定冠词修饰；great以辅音音素开头，故用a。
17．句意：她热爱绘画，相信绘画能鼓励她表达自己的感受。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是动词短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，后接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，故用to show。
18．句意：起初，她觉得学吹长笛很难，但她没有放弃。前文说“觉得难”，后文说“没有放弃”，前后是转折关系，需用并列连词but连接。
19．句意：慢慢地，她的技巧提高了。空格处修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语，表示“缓慢地”，slow的副词形式是Slowly，位于句首首字母大写。
20．句意：现在，对她来说吹长笛比以前容易多了。空格后出现“than”，是比较级的标志词，表示与以前进行比较，需用形容词easy的比较级形式easier。
（3）
21．excited 22．activities 23．or 24．My 25．as 26．to learn 27．classes 28．usually 29．hearing 30．the
【导语】本文是Kylie写给Venus的一封信，信中Kylie介绍了自己的情况，包括年龄、居住地、业余活动、学校课程等，还询问了Venus在冰岛的语言学习及业余活动等情况，并表示期待对方回信。
21．句意：听到关于冰岛以及你居住的地方是什么样子的，我感到非常兴奋。“I’m so...”中“so”后接形容词，且此处描述人的感受，用“excite”的形容词形式“excited”，表示“兴奋的”。
22．句意：在我的空闲时间，在我的小城市里，我们参加许多有趣的活动。“many”修饰可数名词复数，“activity”的复数形式是“activities”，所以填“activities”。
23．句意：我喜欢和家人或朋友去徒步旅行、骑自行车，穿过我们的自然公园。“family”和“friends”是并列关系，结合语境这里表示选择关系，用“or”连接，意为“或者”。
24．句意：我的学校提供许多不同的语言课程，比如中文、西班牙语和法语。“school”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰，“I”的形容词性物主代词是“My”，所以填“My”。
25．句意：我的学校提供许多不同的语言课程，比如中文、西班牙语和法语。“such as”是固定短语，意为“例如”，用于举例说明，所以这里填“as”。
26．句意：我选择学习中文，因为我对中国文化感兴趣。“choose to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“选择做某事”，所以“choose”后接动词不定式“to learn”。
27．句意：你在冰岛上语言课吗？“take classes”是固定短语，意为“上课”，“class”是可数名词，这里表示泛指，用复数形式“classes”。
28．句意：你在空闲时间通常做什么？“do”是动词，要用副词修饰，“usual”的副词形式是“usually”，表示“通常”。
29．句意：我期待着收到你的回信。“look forward to doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“期待做某事”，“to”是介词，后接动词的-ing 形式，所以填“hearing”。
30．句意：如果你对我在美国的生活有任何问题，尽管问。“US”是“United States”的缩写，在表示国家等专有名词前要加定冠词“the”，所以填“the”。
（4）
31．was touched 32．myself 33．correctly 34．and 35．have learned 36．a 37．hobbies 38．better 39．sticking 40．What
【导语】本文介绍作者接触书法、练习书法的经历以及书法带来的积极影响。
31．句意：那里美丽的书法作品如此闪耀，以至于我立刻被它们打动了。主语“I”与动词“touch”之间是被动关系，且叙述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was touched。
32．句意：我决定以同样的方式亲自尝试一下。“try it oneself”意为“亲自尝试”，需用反身代词，I的反身代词是myself。
33．句意：正确握住软毛笔和控制墨水似乎很难。空格处修饰动词“Holding”，需用副词作状语，表示“正确地”，correct的副词形式是correctly。
34．句意：然而，通过练习和耐心，我进步了。“practice”与“patience”是并列关系，需用并列连词and连接。
35．句意：自从我开始练习书法以来，我学到了更多关于汉字的知识。时间状语“Since I began...”是现在完成时的标志，表示从过去持续到现在的动作；主语“I”是第一人称，故用have learned。
36．句意：书法不仅是一种书写技能，也是一种可以培养我们心智和品格的艺术。空格后“writing skill”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种”，需用不定冠词a修饰。
37．句意：它现在是我帮助自己放松的爱好之一。“one of + 可数名词复数”是固定句型，意为“……之一”，需用名词复数形式，hobby的复数形式是hobbies。
38．句意：我也很自豪地看到我的作品变得更好。空格前“much”修饰比较级，表示“好得多”，需用形容词good的比较级形式better。
39．句意：当春节到来时，我妈妈总是喜欢把我写的“福”字贴在门上。“enjoy doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，stick的动名词形式是sticking。
40．句意：书法给我们带来了多么快乐的时光！空格后“a happy time”是名词短语，感叹句需用What引导，位于句首首字母大写。
（5）
41．safety 42．on 43．careless 44．checked 45．a 46．himself 47．pills 48．be 49．to take 50．Although/Though
【导语】本文讲述了杰克过去经常发生事故，一次因骑车看手机被车撞伤，另一次掉进公园的洞里。两次事故后，他承诺会听取建议，现在认真对待安全。
41．句意：他没有注意道路安全。此处作宾语，需用名词，safe的名词为safety，road safety意为“道路安全”。
42．句意：几个月前，在他十八岁生日那天，杰克在路上骑自行车时正在用手机。表示在具体的某一天，用介词on。
43．句意：汽车司机如此粗心，以至于撞到了杰克。was后跟形容词，care的形容词careless意为“粗心的”，符合语境。
44．句意：医生非常仔细地检查了他。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，check的过去式为checked。
45．句意：幸运的是，他没有摔断胳膊或腿。“break an arm or a leg”为固定表达，意为“摔断胳膊或腿”，表示“一条腿”用不定冠词a。
46．句意：所以他独自去了医院。“by oneself”意为“独自”，主语he对应反身代词himself。
47．句意：医生给了他一些药片，然后他回家了。pill意为“药片”，可数名词，some后接复数pills。
48．句意：我告诉他应该小心，但他不听我的。情态动词should后接动词原形，故填be。
49．句意：这两次事故发生后，他承诺听取我的建议。“promise to do sth.”意为“承诺做某事”，故填to take。
50．句意：虽然生活充满意外，但小心总是好的。前后分句为让步关系，故用Although或Though引导让步状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。
（6）
51．a 52．dangerous 53．ourselves 54．tips 55．bleeding 56．until 57．to check 58．safety 59．of 60．happily
【导语】本文围绕猫抓伤人这一情况展开，介绍了猫抓可能带来的健康风险、被猫抓伤后的急救方法以及和猫相处时的安全注意事项，提醒人们重视猫抓相关的安全问题。
51．句意：猫抓可能会让我们感觉不舒服，就像发烧一样。“发烧”是固定搭配have a fever，故此处需填入不定冠词a。
52．句意：有时，猫，尤其是流浪猫，甚至可能携带一种危险的病毒，这种病毒会引发狂犬病。此处需要修饰名词virus，应用形容词形式，danger的形容词为dangerous。
53．句意：所以了解如何保护我们自己，以及如果被抓伤该做什么是很重要的。此处表示“保护我们自己”，应用反身代词，we的反身代词是ourselves。
54．句意：这里有一些急救技巧。tip是可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处应用复数形式tips。
55．句意：如果伤口正在流血，不要用脏手去碰。此处表示伤口“正在流血”，应用现在进行时，bleed的现在分词是bleeding。
56．句意：相反，用干净的东西按压伤口，直到流血停止。根据句意可知，此处需要表达“直到……为止”，应用连词until。
57．句意：如果你不确定，就去看医生，检查一下是否需要治疗。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明看医生的目的。
58．句意：记住，和猫玩耍时，安全永远是第一位的。此处作句子的主语，应用名词形式，safe的名词是safety。
59．句意：用玩具代替手去和它们玩耍。“代替”是固定搭配instead of，故此处需填入介词of。
60．句意：好好照顾它们，你就能快乐、安全地享受和猫在一起的时光。此处修饰动词enjoy，应用副词形式，happy的副词是happily。
（7）
61．happened 62．stomachache 63．to avoid 64．because/as 65．more careful 66．an 67．of 68．carefully 69．himself 70．drinking
【导语】本文主要讲述了上周作者的几位同学遭遇的小意外，包括胃痛、背痛、牙痛等，并介绍了护士给出的相关建议。
61．句意：上周，我的几位同学发生了一些小意外。句中“Last week”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，happen的过去式为happened。
62．句意：大卫胃痛，因为他在朋友的生日聚会上吃太多了。根据后文“the ache”以及语境可知，此处指“胃痛”，应用名词stomachache，结合前文不定冠词“a”，需用单数形式。
63．句意：她还建议他现在避免喝软饮料，因为气体可能会使疼痛加剧。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，使用不定式to avoid作宾语补足语。
64．句意：她还建议他现在避免喝软饮料，因为气体可能会使疼痛加剧。结合上下文，后文“气体可能会使疼痛加剧”是前文“避免喝软饮料”的原因，需用连词because或as引导原因状语从句。
65．句意：他的朋友萨拉告诉他下次要更加小心，因为运动中经常发生意外。句中“much”可修饰形容词比较级，结合语境，此处指“更加小心”，careful的比较级为more careful。
66．句意：护士建议她去看牙医并拍一张X光片。“X-ray”是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，前面需用不定冠词an修饰。
67．句意：她还告诉南希吃一些软食而不是甜食，并且也要记得认真刷牙。“instead of”为固定搭配，意为“代替、而不是”。
68．句意：她还告诉南希吃一些软食而不是甜食，并且也要记得认真刷牙。句中“brush her teeth”为动词短语，此处需用副词修饰短语，care的副词形式为carefully。
69．句意：她说不严重，但他应该更好地照顾自己。主语为“he”，宾语也是指他自己，表示“照顾自己”，需用反身代词，he的反身代词为himself。
70．句意：朱迪练习演讲几个小时，没有喝足够的水，所以现在喉咙痛。“without”为介词，后面应接动词的动名词形式，drink的动名词形式为drinking。
（8）
71．If 72．their 73．a 74．for 75．to tell 76．worse 77．medicine 78．illness 79．easily 80．having
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了流感的症状、与感冒的区别、传播特点以及预防措施。
71．句意：如果你得过流感，你就知道它会让你多难受。由“you know how bad it can make you feel.”可知，此处表“如果”的假设逻辑，需用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。
72．句意：大多数孩子在上学期间的某个时候会得流感。此处作定语修饰“school years”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语，they的形容词性物主代词为their，表示“他们的”。
73．句意：当你得流感时，通常会发高烧、咳嗽、感到非常疲惫，还可能喉咙痛。cough为可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一种咳嗽”，需用不定冠词a。
74．句意：它可能让你难受几天，甚至长达一周。“a few days or as long as a week”表示时间段，修饰动作“feel sick”持续的时长，表示动作持续的时间段，需用介词for。
75．句意：有时候，很难分辨你得的是流感还是普通感冒，但流感通常会让你烧得更高、难受得多。此处为句型“it can be + adj. + to do”，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式to do，此处表判断，tell“分辨，判断”符合语境，应用to tell。
76．句意：有时候，很难分辨你得的是流感还是普通感冒，但流感通常会让你烧得更高、难受得多。much修饰比较级，bad的比较级为worse，表示“更糟糕的”。
77．句意：流感是一种病毒，这意味着药物只能帮助缓解咳嗽、发烧等症状。此处宾语从句需名词作主语，medical为形容词，需变为名词medicine，此处表泛指“药物”，为不可数。
78．句意：对大多数孩子来说，流感会自行痊愈，但对一些孩子来说，它可能是一种严重的疾病。形容词serious后需接名词，a后接可数名词单数，ill的名词形式为illness。
79．句意：大多数孩子在冬天得流感，因为当孩子们在室内，如教室时，细菌更容易传播。修饰动词spread需用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。
80．句意：预防流感的最佳方法是经常洗手，并去看医生打流感疫苗。介词from后需接动名词作宾语，have的动名词为having。
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81．First 82．on 83．presents 84．speak 85．a 86．yourself 87．decision 88．though/although 89．thankful 90．differently
【导语】本文主要介绍了帮助改善情绪、保持积极心态的几种方法，包括控制思维、清晰表达感受、做出积极决定、锻炼身体、心怀感恩以及换个角度看问题。
81．句意：首先，试着控制你的思维。“first of all”为固定短语，意为“首先”，位于句首首字母需大写。
82．句意：这个活动帮助你关注光明的一面。“focus on”为固定搭配，意为“关注；集中于”。
83．句意：生活充满惊喜，就像生日时意想不到的小礼物。present意为“礼物”时为可数名词，此处被small unexpected修饰，且表示泛指，需用复数形式presents。
84．句意：其次，当你和别人说话时，清楚地表达你的感受很重要。此处为时间状语从句，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语you为第二人称，谓语动词用原形speak。
85．句意：如果你难过，把你的感受告诉一个朋友或家人。此处泛指“一个”朋友，且friend以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
86．句意：并且别忘了设身处地为他人着想。“put oneself in others' shoes”为固定表达，意为“设身处地”，主语为you，对应的反身代词是yourself。
87．句意：第三，做出积极的决定可以很有力量。“make a decision”为固定短语，意为“做决定”。
88．句意：第四，锻炼可以改善你的情绪，尽管一开始可能会累。前后分句为让步关系，故需用although或though引导让步状语从句。
89．句意：第五，永远对你生活中的美好事物心怀感激。系动词be后需接形容词作表语，thank的形容词形式为thankful，意为“感激的”。
90．句意：最后，换个角度看问题。此处修饰动词see，需用副词形式，different的副词为differently，意为“不同地”。
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91．to deal 92．hurtful 93．advice 94．apologized 95．by 96．an 97．that 98．clearly 99．stronger 100．ourselves
【导语】本文讲述了如何正确处理负面情绪，分享了调节心情、缓解压力的方法，告诉我们要勇敢面对坏情绪、善待自己。
91．句意：这些负面情绪很正常，但知道如何“处理”它们非常重要。“how to do sth.”为“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。
92．句意：我说了些“伤人的”话，她拒绝和我说话。不定代词something后用形容词作后置定语，hurt的形容词形式为hurtful，表示“伤人的”。
93．句意：后来，我爸爸注意到了，并给了我一条“建议”。“a piece of advice”为固定搭配，advice是不可数名词，无复数形式。
94．句意：我听从了他的话，找到妹妹并“道歉”。句中followed、found为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，时态保持一致，apologize的过去式为apologized。
95．句意：这样做可以把我的压力减少“一半”。“reduce...by half”为固定短语，表示“减少一半”。
96．句意：我们不应该让这些坏情绪给我们快乐的日子留下“一个”丑陋的印记。mark为可数名词单数，ugly以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。
97．句意：有时我们需要和信任的人交谈，比如朋友或老师，“以便”我们不必独自面对问题。“so that”引导目的状语从句，表示“以便；为了”。
98．句意：分享烦恼有助于我们“清楚地”表达自己的真实感受。修饰动词短语get across用副词，clear的副词形式为clearly。
99．句意：勇敢面对坏情绪让我们比以前“更坚强”。句中than表示比较，用形容词比较级，strong的比较级为stronger。
100．句意：最重要的是，我们应该善待“自己”。主语为we，此处表示“我们自己”，用反身代词ourselves。

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