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题型过关第5讲 选词填空
一、解题四步核心法（必背）
Step 1 先标词性，分类备选词
拿到题目不要急着读文章，先给方框里的词标注词性：
- 名词（n.）：标注可数/不可数、单复数提示
- 动词（v.）：标注原形/过去式/三单/动名词形式
- 形容词（adj.）、副词（adv.）：标注是否可相互转换（如 careful → carefully ）
- 代词（pron.）、连词（conj.）等单独标注
这样能快速缩小选择范围，避免盲目试词。
Step 2 分析空格，预判词性
根据句子结构和前后词，判断空格需要的词性：
- 名词位置：冠词（a/an/the）、数词、形容词、物主代词后；主语/宾语位置
- 动词位置：主语后（作谓语）、不定式符号 to 后、介词后（作非谓语）
- 形容词位置：名词前、系动词（be/look/sound/become等）后
- 副词位置：动词后、形容词前、句首（修饰全句）
Step 3 结合语境，匹配选词+变形
这是得分关键，记住选词+变形两步：
1. 选词：根据上下文逻辑、固定搭配（如 look forward to doing 、 spend time doing ）、语义复现（前后文出现的同义/相关词）筛选合适的词
2. 变形：牢记口诀「动词态，名词数，代词格，形换副」- 动词：看时态（一般过去时加-ed、三单加-s）、非谓语（ to do / doing / done ）
- 名词：可数名词看单复数（ many 后加-s/es， a/an 后用单数）
- 代词：主格/宾格/形容词性物主代词/反身代词转换
- 形容词/副词：修饰名词用adj.，修饰动词/adj.用adv.（常加-ly），比较级/最高级变化
Step 4 回读全文，逻辑校准
把填好的词代入文章通读一遍，检查：
- 句间逻辑是否通顺（转折/因果/并列关系是否合理）
- 时态、词性、单复数是否一致
- 有没有漏填、错填

二、八年级下册高频考点&避坑指南
高频考点（贴合人教版下册）
1. 时态：一般过去时、现在完成时（Unit 1-10重点）、过去进行时
2. 非谓语： enjoy/finish/practice doing 、 want/hope to do 、 let/make sb. do
3. 词性转换： happy → happiness 、 care → careful/carefully 、 use → useful/useless
4. 固定搭配： give up doing 、 take part in 、 in order to 、 as soon as
避坑指南
只选词不变形（最常见丢分点，如 enjoy read → enjoy reading ）
词性判断错误（用adv.修饰名词，用adj.修饰动词）
忽略主谓一致（主语三单，动词不加-s）
逻辑混乱（转折关系用 and ，并列关系用 but ）
三、实战小技巧
- 先易后难：先填有明显提示的空（如固定搭配、时态标志词 last year / already ），再攻克难题
- 语义复现：答案往往在前后句有同义提示，比如前文提到 tired ，后文可能对应 sleep
- 词库排查：选过的词划掉，避免重复使用（大部分题目词不重复）
最终总结：
先标词性→预判空格→选词变形→回读检查，牢牢抓住这四步，就能大幅提升选词填空的正确率
（1）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
it above safe come change take nature temperature build light turn grow
The Waitomo Glowworm Caves in New Zealand are one of the most amazing 1 wonders in the world. The caves are famous for the thousands of glowworms that live on the cave walls, making the cave look like a starry night sky.
The glowworms are tiny insects that are only found in New Zealand. They 2 on the cave walls and produce a bright blue 3 to attract small insects for food. The light from the glowworms 4 the whole cave into a magical place that looks like a dream.
The 5 in the cave is always around 15℃, which is perfect for the glowworms to live.
Visitors can 6 a boat ride through the underground river in the cave, and enjoy the amazing view of the glowworms 7 their heads.
The caves were formed over 30 million years ago, when the area was under the sea. The limestone (石灰岩) was slowly eroded (侵蚀) by water, 8 the caves and underground rivers we see today.
It is important to protect the caves, as the glowworms are very sensitive to 9 in the environment. Loud noises, bright lights and pollution can hurt the glowworms and make them leave the cave.
Visitors must follow the guide’s rules to keep the cave 10 for the glowworms. They can’t take photos with flash, make loud noises, or touch the cave walls.
（2）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
northern survive condition determined risk explorer above locate top feel like bit by bit
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It is 11 in the 12 part of the Himalayas. Every year, many 13 try to reach its top. But it is not an easy journey.
The weather on Everest is very changeable. Climbers must face terrible 14 like freezing temperatures, strong winds, and low oxygen. Many people have lost their lives trying to 15 on the mountain.
However, some climbers are 16 to reach the top. They train for years and 17 their lives to achieve their dream. On the top, you will 18 you can touch the sky.
For many, climbing is not just about reaching the top. It is about curiosity and the love for adventure. People are naturally curious about the unknown. 19 , we learn more about the world around us. The 20 of the mountain is covered with snow all year round.
（2）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
refuse start drought up warn work hit remember safe wildfire
In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave, the worst since 1961. It caused 21 in different parts of the country. The heatwave 22 the southeastern city of Chongqing very hard. Large 23 swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to 24 and 25 others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers 26 to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
After the fires were put out, people in Chongqing 27 to rebuild their lives. Many volunteers came to help clean 28 the mountains and plant new trees. The government also gave money to the families who lost their homes. People said they would never forget the brave firefighters and the helpers. They learned that 29 together can make hard things possible. Now, when people visit the mountains, they 30 the big fire and the strong team that saved their city.
（4）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
think, until, with, get, communicate, well, opinion, instead, although, argue
Do you ever feel angry with your parents Do you sometimes 31 with your parents
If you are upset or angry, you should know how to deal with your feelings, and try to keep yourself calm. Try to come up 32 an idea to solve your problem so that it won’t happen again.
It’s hard to believe, but your parents were once kids too. 33 they don’t accept your ideas, they really don’t make things difficult for you. Your parents really care about you, but sometimes it’s just hard for them to know what you are 34 .
A parent’s job is to take care of you and keep you safe 35 you’re old enough to take care of yourself. Usually, you can learn to 36 along with your parents sooner or later. If you can have proper 37 with your parents, you can make your parents know how you feel and what’s important to you.
And remember this takes time. It’s not always easy. You and your parents may have different
38 , but don’t shout at your parents. 39 , talk to them in a proper way. It will make them listen to you more carefully and understand you more easily and 40 . And you’ll get respect (尊重) and can improve the relationship between you and your parents.
（5）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
physics, thank, awake, negative, mean, remain, change, normal, different, badly
In our class, there is a boy named Tom. He used to be a bully. He would often behave in a 41 way and make other students feel sad. One day, he 42 a new student, and the teacher had a long talk with him. After that, Tom began to 43 . He felt 44 for the teacher’s help and realized how wrong his previous (以前的) actions were.
Gradually, Tom started to act 45 . He became more 46 and friendly. He even helped others with their 47 homework. The other students also began to accept and make friends with him. Tom felt joyful and 48 to the new way of life. He learned that being kind is much better than being mad or 49 . Now, he 50 a good friend to everyone in the class.
（6）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每个单词只能用一次。
they, bad, in, lose, careless, unless, cut, solve, normal, away
Students often have a lot of problems and worries. Laura Mills, a teenager from London, thinks the 51 thing is to do nothing. She agrees that “Problems and worries are 52 in life.” She thinks you’ll feel worse if you don’t talk to someone about your problems.
Laura remembers that she once 53 her wallet and worried for days and she was afraid to tell her parents about it. 54 the end, she talked to her parents and they were really understanding. Her dad said he sometimes made 55 mistakes himself. Now she believes you cannot feel better 56 you talk to someone. She says she will always share her problems in the future.
Robert Hunt agrees with Laura. He thinks you should not run 57 from your problems, but you should try to solve 58 . He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to. If you cannot talk to an expert like Robert, you can discuss your problems with your parents because they have a lot of experience.
Sharing a problem is like 59 it in half. So you’re halfway to 60 a problem just by talking to someone about it.
（7）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
help, refuse, communicate, copy, old, what, with, second, we, and
My name is Mona. I am a middle school girl. Lisa is my elder sister. She is only five minutes 61 than me. We are in the same school and the same class. I’m always trying to get on well 62 her. When she is in trouble, I always offer to 63 her. I always share everything I have with her. But she isn’t nice to me. Firstly, she always 64 to let me watch my favourite TV show. Instead, she watches 65 she wants until late at night. 66 , she often 67 my homework. I’m very angry. Relations between 68 have become difficult. We fight a lot, 69 I really don’t like it. It’s the only 70 between us. I am very nervous. What should I do Could you give me some advice
（8）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
shock, pill, never, harmful, tight, check, allergic, peanut, nervous,from
Last Saturday, Lily invited her friend Tom to her home for lunch. She made a delicious sandwich with some 71 . Tom was a little 72 when he saw it, because he was 73 to peanuts. But he didn’t say anything and ate it quickly.
Soon, his throat felt 74 . His face turned red, and he was in great 75 . He felt very uncomfortable and afraid. Lily’s mother 76 him right away and knew it was a serious problem. She said eating peanuts was 77 to Tom’s body.
She quickly took him to the hospital. The doctor gave him some 78 and asked him to rest. Tom felt better soon. He said he would 79 forget this terrible experience. 80 now on, he would be more careful about food and always ask about the ingredients before eating.
（9）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
healthy throat drink take you how even ache tire many
You may catch a cold during season changes, especially in spring and autumn. It often starts with a sore 81 and a runny nose. You may also cough a lot and feel 82 all day. You usually have a fever too. It’s not serious, but you may feel really bad.
You should have a good rest and 83 some medicine when you have a cold. 84 a lot of warm water is good for you too—it helps clean your body. If you have a bad cold and your head 85 badly, you must take your temperature and go to the doctor right away.
86 can you keep away from colds Here is some advice. You need to have a 87 lifestyle. It is good for you to go to bed early and get up early. It’s also important to have a balanced diet. Try to eat 88 fruit and vegetables and less fast food. Try to exercise more often. Running, swimming or 89 walking can help a lot to build up your strength.
All in all, it’s necessary to take good care of 90 and stay away from diseases.
（10）
阅读短文，用方框中所给词填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理；每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。
trying, in, started, hobbies, feared, his, surprisingly, strong, achievement, first
Jason is a businessman who has lots of 91 in his daily life. He likes bungee jumping (蹦极跳) a lot. He 92 this sport 5 years ago. At first, he 93 it a lot, and he dared (敢于) not take the 94 step. But after 95 some times, he got over the problem in his mind. Bungee jumping was 96 wonderful! Jason fell 97 love with this sport. After each jump, he would safely return to the ground, feeling confident and 98 . He learned that facing 99 fears brought him a sense of 100 and success in his life. Jason now enjoys the feeling in the air, like a bird flying in the sky.
（11）
从方框中选择恰当的词语，并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
strong, confident, important, balance, hike, for, deal, reduce, make, problem
It is hard to find time for hobbies when you’re busy, but hobbies are really 101 .
Physical hobbies like going 102 or playing tennis can help you be in good health—they keep you fit, lower stress, and even improve your memory. Some scientists also think that making music lowers blood pressure and makes our body 103 .
Hobbies are good for your feelings. Creative hobbies like painting or writing can help you 104 with bad emotions. In a study, after 45 minutes of making art, most people felt more 105 .
Hobbies are good, but the right 106 is important. Screen time is fun but could cause 107 like eye strain or poor sleep and even loneliness. So, choose some outdoor hobbies like going hiking or flying a kite to enjoy fresh air and take a friend with you, which can 108 loneliness.
No matter what your hobby is, make time 109 it. Remember: all work and no play 110 Jack a dull boy!
（12）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式完成短文。
get into give it a go push once in a while chat outing I relax spend forget
I think hobbies are good for us. Hobbies help us to relax and learn a new skill. Last month, I felt bored with my daily routine, so I decided 111 and try new hobbies. I hoped 112 after busy workdays. I took part in a weekend 113 to a forest park. The air was fresh, and birds were singing. While walking, I 114 with a painter sitting by a stream. He said he liked to be creative in his free time. He encouraged me to 115 painting and even let me see him draw a landscape in just 10 minutes—it was magical! At first, I tried my best to focus. Drawing trees seemed so difficult ! I had to 116 myself every morning to practice. However, I didn’t give up. To balance my life, I learned 117 evenings listening to music.
Though I enjoyed drawing, I also wanted to connect with nature in another way. One day, while buying art supplies (艺术用品), I noticed a poster about a community gardening project.
118 , I joined a gardening group .We worked together , watering plants and planting flowers. One member joked, “Don’t 119 to enjoy the dirt (泥土)!” Slowly, I began to love these activities. Through these experiences, I reconnected with 120 and found joy in small things.
参考答案
（1）
1．natural 2．grow 3．light 4．turns 5．temperature 6．take 7．above 8．building 9．changes 10．safe
【导语】主要介绍了新西兰怀托摩萤火虫洞的自然奇观、萤火虫的习性、洞穴的环境与形成，以及保护萤火虫洞的相关注意事项。
1．句意：新西兰的怀托摩萤火虫洞是世界上最惊人的自然奇观之一。根据“The Waitomo Glowworm Caves”并结合备选词汇可知，natural wonders“自然奇观”符合语境。natural“自然的”，是nature“自然”的形容词，作定语。
2．句意：它们在洞壁上生长，产生明亮的蓝光来吸引小昆虫作为食物。根据“on the cave walls”并结合备选词汇可知，应是生长在洞壁上，整篇文章用一般现在时叙述，而主语They是复数，所以应用动词grow“生长”的原形。
3．句意：它们在洞壁上生长，产生明亮的蓝光来吸引小昆虫作为食物。根据后文“The light from the glowworms”可知，此处指萤火虫产生明亮的蓝色的光，light“光”，是不可数名词，符合语境。
4．句意：萤火虫发出的光把整个洞穴变成一个神奇的、像梦境一样的地方。根据“...the whole cave into a magical place that looks like a dream.”并结合备选词汇可知，turn…into…“把……变成……”符合语境，主语是The light是第三人称单数，所以此处应用用turn的第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s。
5．句意：洞穴里的温度总是在15℃左右，非常适合萤火虫生存。根据“15℃”可知，此处在介绍温度，temperature“温度”，是不可数名词。
6．句意：游客可以乘船穿过洞穴里的地下河，欣赏头顶上方萤火虫的美景。“take a boat ride”是固定搭配，意为“乘船游览”，情态动词can后用动词原形take。
7．句意：游客可以乘船穿过洞穴里的地下河，欣赏头顶上方萤火虫的美景。根据“The caves are famous for the thousands of glowworms that live on the cave walls, making the cave look like a starry night sky.”可知，萤火虫在人们头顶上方，above“在……上方”符合语境。
8．句意：石灰岩被水缓慢侵蚀，形成了我们今天看到的洞穴和地下河。根据“The limestone was slowly eroded by water, ...　　　　　　　the caves and underground rivers we see today.”并结合备选词汇可知，应是说石灰岩形成了今天的萤火虫洞，build“形成”符合逻辑，而此处应用现在分词作结果状语，所以此处应用其现在分词形式，在词尾加-ing。
9．句意：保护洞穴很重要，因为萤火虫对环境的变化非常敏感。根据“Loud noises, bright lights and pollution can hurt the glowworms and make them leave the cave.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应是说萤火虫对环境“变化”敏感，change“变化”，是可数名词，此处表多种变化，应用其复数形式，在词尾加-s。
10．句意：游客必须遵守导游的规定，让洞穴对萤火虫来说是安全的。根据“They can’t take photos with flash, make loud noises, or touch the cave walls”可知，keep…safe“保持……安全”符合语境，safe“安全的”，是形容词作补语。
（2）
11．located 12．northern 13．explorers 14．conditions 15．survive 16．determined 17．risk 18．feel like 19．Bit by bit 20．top
【导语】本文介绍了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的地理位置、攀登环境，讲述了登山者们为登顶珠峰所付出的努力与面临的挑战，以及攀登珠峰的意义。
11．句意：它位于喜马拉雅山脉的北部。be located in是固定搭配，意为“位于”，备选词locate，动词，意为“位于、定位”，其过去分词located符合语境。
12．句意：它位于喜马拉雅山脉的北部。修饰名词part用形容词，备选词northern，形容词，意为“北部的”，符合语境。
13．句意：每年，许多探险者都试图登上它的顶峰。many后接可数名词复数，备选词explorer，名词，意为“探险者”，其复数形式explorers符合语境。
14．句意：登山者必须面对恶劣的条件，比如严寒、强风和低氧。terrible后接名词，且后文列举了多种条件，用复数形式，备选词condition，名词，意为“条件、状况”，其复数形式conditions符合语境。
15．句意：许多人在试图在山上生存时失去了生命。try to后接动词原形，备选词survive，动词，意为“生存、存活”，符合语境。
16．句意：然而，一些登山者下定决心要登上顶峰。be determined to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，备选词determined，形容词，意为“有决心的”，符合语境。
17．句意：他们训练多年，冒着生命危险去实现自己的梦想。句子为一般现在时，主语they是复数，谓语动词用原形，备选词risk，动词，意为“冒……的风险”，符合语境。
18．句意：在顶峰，你会感觉像是可以触摸到天空。will后接动词原形，备选词feel like，短语，意为“感觉像是”，符合语境。
19．句意：渐渐地，我们对周围的世界有了更多的了解。此处用副词短语修饰整个句子，备选词bit by bit，短语，意为“渐渐地、一点一点地”，句首首字母大写，符合语境。
20．句意：山顶全年都被积雪覆盖。the后接名词，备选词top，名词，意为“顶部、顶峰”，符合语境。
（3）
21．drought 22．hit 23．wildfires 24．safety 25．warned 26．refused 27．started 28．up 29．working 30．remember
【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年8月中国遭遇1961年以来最严重的极端热浪，多地受灾，重庆爆发严重山林野火，数千名消防员、警务人员和志愿者齐心救援扑灭了火情，灾后各界又合力帮助重庆民众重建家园，民众也从中领悟到团结的力量，永远铭记救援人员的勇敢奉献。
21．句意：热浪在全国多地引发了干旱。极端高温热浪引发全国多地干旱，故空处需名词drought“干旱”，作宾语。
22．句意：热浪重创了东南部城市重庆。此处表示热浪重创重庆，需动词hit，因是陈述过去的事情，需一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式hit。
23．句意：大规模山火席卷了当地的森林与山地。此处表示大型山火横扫山林，故空处需名词wildfires“野火”表泛指。
24．句意：他们扑灭明火，将1500多名民众转移到安全地带，还提醒其他人远离危险区域。此处指把受灾民众转移到安全区域，空处指“安全”，将形容词safe变为名词safety。
25．句意：他们扑灭明火，将1500多名民众转移到安全地带，还提醒其他人远离危险区域。救援人员警告民众远离危险区，故空处指“警告”，动词warn符合句意，本文主体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需过去式warned。
26．句意：受高温和多变风向影响，灭火难度极大，但救援人员始终不肯放弃。救援人员拒绝放弃，动词refuse“拒绝”符合句意，本文主体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需过去式refused。
27．句意：大火扑灭后，重庆民众开始重建生活。灾后重庆人民开始重建，空处指“开始”，动词start符合句意，本文主体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需过去式started。
28．句意：许多志愿者前来帮忙清理山林、栽种新树。固定搭配clean up表示“清理”。
29．句意：他们也学到了：齐心协力就能克服万难。空处指“齐心协力”，动词work符合句意，空处需动名词working作主语，working together表示“合作、一起努力”。
30．句意：如今，人们再去这些山里游玩时，仍会记得这场大火，以及拯救了这座城市的强大救援队伍。现在人们还记得这场大火和救援队伍，故空处指“记得”，动词remember符合句意，因描述的现在的动作，故时态为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用原形remember。
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31．argue 32．with 33．Although 34．thinking 35．until 36．get 37．communication 38．opinions 39．Instead 40．better
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何与父母处理矛盾、有效沟通的方法，包括控制情绪、换位思考、尊重差异等。
31．句意：你是否有时和父母争吵？上文提到“feel angry with your parents”，生气时往往会与父母发生“争吵”。所给词中argue符合这一含义，与with搭配构成argue with。
32．句意：试着想出一个解决问题的办法。表达“想出（主意/办法）”常用come up with。所给词中with为介词，与come up构成固定搭配。
33．句意：虽然他们不接受你的想法，但他们并不是故意为难你。前半句说“不接受”，后半句说“不是故意为难”，前后为让步关系。所给词中although表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。
34．句意：有时他们很难知道你在想什么。父母想了解孩子的内心活动，表达“在想什么”用what you are thinking。所给词think的现在分词形式为thinking，与are构成现在进行时。
35．句意：父母的工作是照顾你、保护你，直到你长大能照顾自己。前文提到父母照顾孩子，后文说孩子能自己照顾自己，需要一个表示时间界限的连词。“直到……为止”用until，引导时间状语从句，符合“在某个时间点之前一直做某事”的逻辑。
36．句意：通常，你迟早能学会与父母和睦相处。前文提到父母和孩子之间可能有矛盾，此处应表示学会“相处”，表达“与……和睦相处”常用get along with。所给词中get与along with构成固定搭配。
37．句意：如果你能和父母进行适当的沟通，你就能让他们知道你的感受以及什么对你很重要。与父母解决矛盾需要“沟通”，proper为形容词，后接名词。所给词communicate作动词，意为“沟通”，其名词形式为communication。
38．句意：你和父母可能有不同的意见。不同的人对同一件事会有不同的“看法”或“意见”。所给词中opinion意为“意见”，different后接可数名词复数opinions。
39．句意：相反，用适当的方式和他们交谈。上文说“不要对父母大喊大叫”，下文说“用适当的方式交谈”，前后为转折对比关系。所给词中instead意为“相反”，位于句首首字母大写。
40．句意：这会让他们更仔细地听你说话，更容易、更好地理解你。and连接两个并列的比较级，more easily表示“更容易地”，空格处应填表示“更好地”的比较级。所给词中well作副词，意为“好”，其比较级为better。
（5）
41．mean 42．bullied 43．change 44．thankful 45．differently 46．normal 47．physics 48．awake 49．negative 50．remains
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了班上男孩汤姆从曾经是个爱欺负人的孩子，在老师谈话后开始改变，变得友善、乐于助人，最终成为大家好朋友的故事。
41．
句意：他过去常常行为举止很刻薄，让其他学生感到难过。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词“way”，根据“He used to be a bully”以及“make other students feel sad”可知，他行为举止“刻薄”，应用mean。
42．句意：一天，他欺负了一个新同学，老师和他进行了长谈。此处需要一个动词，根据“He used to be a bully”可知，这里说的是他“欺负”新同学，且事情发生在过去，应用bully的过去式bullied。
43．句意：在那之后，汤姆开始改变。根据后文“He felt...for the teacher’s help and realized how wrong his previous (以前的) actions were”可知，他意识到自己以前行为错误，所以开始“改变”，“begin to do sth.”表示“开始做某事”，应用动词原形“change”。
44．句意：他对老师的帮助心怀感激，意识到自己以前的行为是多么错误。根据“for the teacher’s help”可知，是对老师的帮助心怀感激，“thankful”表示“感激的”，符合语境，在句中作表语。
45．句意：渐渐地，汤姆开始表现得不一样了。根据后文“He became more...and friendly”可知，他变得和以前不一样了，此处需要一个副词修饰动词“act”，“differently”表示“不同地”，符合语境。
46．句意：他变得更正常、更友好了。此处需要一个形容词与“friendly”并列作表语，根据“Gradually, Tom started to act differently”以及“friendly”可知，这里说的是他变得“正常”且友好，应用normal。
47．句意：他甚至帮助别人做物理作业。此处需要一个名词修饰“homework”，结合所给词，“physics homework”表示“物理作业”，符合语境。
48．句意：汤姆感到快乐，并且对新生活方式保持清醒。根据“and carefully”以及语境可知，这里需要一个和“joyful”并列的形容词，“awake”有“清醒的”意思，在这里表示对新生活方式保持清醒认识，符合语境。
49．句意：他明白了友善比愤怒或消极要好得多。此处需要一个形容词与“mad”并列，根据“being kind is much better than being mad”可知，这里说的是友善比愤怒或“消极”要好，应用negative。
50．句意：现在，他仍然是班上每个人的好朋友。根据“Now”可知，这里描述现在的状态，“remain”表示“仍然是”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，所以用“remains”。
（6）
51．worst 52．normal 53．lost 54．In 55．careless 56．unless 57．away 58．them 59．cutting 60．solving
【导语】本文围绕学生常见的烦恼与问题展开，通过Laura Mills的亲身经历和Robert Hunt的专业建议，告诉我们：遇到问题不要逃避、不要什么都不做，主动向他人倾诉、分享问题，才是解决烦恼的正确方式。
51．句意：来自伦敦的青少年 Laura Mills 认为，最糟糕的事就是什么都不做。空格修饰名词thing，前文提到“不倾诉会感觉更糟”，说明“什么都不做”是最坏的选择。给定词bad的最高级是worst，符合“the +形容词最高级+名词”的结构。
52．句意：她认同“生活中有问题和烦恼是很正常的”。空格作表语，描述“问题和烦恼”的属性，normal符合语义，说明生活中遇到烦恼是普遍现象。
53．句意：Laura 记得自己曾经丢了钱包，担心了好几天，而且不敢把这件事告诉父母。once表示过去的动作，句子用一般过去时，lose的过去式是lost，符合“丢钱包”的语境。
54．句意：最后，她把这件事告诉了父母，他们非常善解人意。固定短语in the end表示“最后、最终”，句首首字母需大写。
55．句意：她爸爸说自己有时候也会犯粗心的错误。空格修饰名词mistakes，careless符合语义，说明爸爸也会像普通人一样犯粗心的错。
56．句意：现在她相信，除非你和别人倾诉，否则你不会感觉好起来。空格引导条件状语从句，unless符合逻辑，表达“不倾诉就不会好转”的含义。
57．句意：他认为你不应该逃避问题，而是应该努力解决它们。固定短语run away from表示“逃避、逃离”，away符合搭配，对应“不逃避问题”的语义。
58．句意：他认为你不应该逃避问题，而是应该努力解决它们。空格指代前文的problems，作solve的宾语，用they的宾格them。
59．句意：分享一个问题就像把它切成两半。like是介词，后接动名词作宾语，cut的动名词是cutting，符合“把问题切成两半”的比喻义。
60．句意：所以仅仅通过和别人倾诉，你就已经在解决问题的路上了。固定结构halfway to doing sth.表示“在做某事的中途”，to是介词，后接动名词，solve的动名词是solving。
（7）
61．older 62．with 63．help 64．refuses 65．what 66．Secondly 67．copies 68．us 69．and 70．communication
【导语】本文讲述了Mona和她的姐姐Lisa之间的相处问题，包括Lisa拒绝让Mona看她喜欢的电视节目、抄袭Mona的作业等，导致她们之间的关系变得困难，Mona为此感到苦恼并寻求建议。
61．句意：她只比我大五分钟。此处需要一个形容词比较级作表语，与than连用。根据语境，Lisa是Mona的姐姐，所以此处指她比Mona大，“old”表示“年长的”，其比较级形式为“older”，符合语义和语法。
62．句意：我总是努力和她相处融洽。此处需要一个介词与“get on well”构成固定搭配。“get on well with sb.”表示“与某人相处融洽”，固定短语，符合语义和固定搭配。
63．句意：当她遇到麻烦时，我总是主动提出帮助她。此处需要一个动词作宾语，且为动词原形。根据语境，Mona主动提出“帮助”Lisa，“help”表示“帮助”，符合语义和语法。
64．句意：首先，她总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。此处需要一个动词作谓语，且根据语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。根据后文“Instead, she watches...”可知，Lisa总是“拒绝”让Mona看她喜欢的电视节目，“refuse”表示“拒绝”，其三单形式为“refuses”。
65．句意：相反，她想看什么就看什么，直到深夜。此处需要一个连接代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。根据语境，Lisa看她“想看的”电视节目，“what”表示“什么”，可引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。
66．句意：其次，她经常抄袭我的作业。此处需要一个副词作状语，修饰整个句子，表示顺序。根据前文“Firstly”可知，此处表示“其次”，“secondly”表示“其次”，符合语义和语境。
67．句意：其次，她经常抄袭我的作业。此处需要一个动词作谓语，且根据语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。根据后文“I’m very angry.”可知，Mona很生气是因为Lisa“抄袭”她的作业，“copy”表示“抄袭”，其三单形式为“copies”。
68．句意：我们之间的关系变得很困难。此处需要一个代词作介词“between”的宾语，且根据语境，此处指Mona和Lisa“我们”之间的关系，“we”表示“我们”，其宾格形式为“us”，符合语义和语法。
69．句意：我们经常吵架，我真的不喜欢这样。此处需要一个连词连接两个句子，表示并列或转折关系。根据语境，Mona和Lisa经常吵架，“并且”她真的不喜欢这样，“and”表示“并且”，符合语义和语法。
70．句意：这是我们之间唯一的交流。此处需要名词作表语。动词communicate的名词形式为communication，表示“交流、沟通”，符合语境（指打架成了唯一交流方式）。
（8）
71．peanuts 72．nervous 73．allergic 74．tight 75．shock 76．checked 77．harmful 78．pills 79．never 80．From
【导语】本文讲述了莉莉邀请朋友汤姆到家中吃午餐，她制作了含有花生的三明治。汤姆对花生过敏，但因未说明而吃下，随后出现喉咙发紧、面部红肿等严重过敏反应。莉莉的母亲及时发现并送他去医院，医生给他服药后好转。汤姆表示永远不会忘记这次经历，今后会更加注意食物成分。
71．句意：莉莉邀请朋友汤姆来家里吃午饭。她用一些花生做了一个美味的三明治。peanut为可数名词，some后接复数形式peanuts，表示“一些花生”。其他词如pill（药片）、shock（休克）等代入后语义不通，且不符合“制作三明治”的语境。
72．句意：汤姆看到三明治里的花生时有点紧张，因为他知道自己对花生过敏，但没有说出来。nervous“紧张的”，描述汤姆因担心过敏反应而产生的心理状态。其他选项如allergic（过敏的）虽与花生相关，但此处需表达“看到花生时的情绪反应”，而非身体状况；tight（发紧的）描述物理感受，不适用于此。
73．句意：汤姆对花生过敏。固定搭配be allergic to“对……过敏”，表示身体对某种物质产生不良反应。其他选项如harmful（有害的）不可用于be...to sb.结构表达“某人对某物过敏”；shock（休克）不符合语法搭配。
74．句意：吃完后不久，他的喉咙感觉发紧，这是过敏的典型症状之一。tight“发紧的”，描述喉咙因过敏反应而产生的不适感。其他选项如nervous（紧张的）描述心理状态，不能用于形容喉咙；harmful（有害的）不能与felt构成系表结构描述身体感受。
75．句意：他的脸变红，并且处于严重的休克/不适状态中。in great shock“处于严重休克/不适中”，描述过敏反应引发的身体严重不适。其他选项如tight（发紧的）不能与in great构成短语；allergic（过敏的）不能作in great的宾语。
76．句意：莉莉的母亲立刻检查了他，并意识到这是一个严重的问题。check“检查”，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时checked。其他选项如shock（休克）为名词，不能作谓语；pill（药片）不符合“检查”的语义。
77．句意：她说吃花生对汤姆的身体有害。固定搭配be harmful to“对……有害”，说明花生对过敏体质的汤姆造成的危害。其他选项如allergic（过敏的）应搭配be allergic to，而非be allergic to；tight（发紧的）不符合“对身体的影响”这一语义。
78．句意：医生给了他一些药片，并让他休息。pill为可数名词，some后接复数形式pills，指医生开的抗过敏药物。其他选项如peanuts（花生）与治疗无关；shock（休克）不可数且不能与some搭配表示药物。
79．句意：他说他永远不会忘记这次可怕的经历。never“从不，永不”，表示强烈的否定态度，强调这次经历给他留下了深刻印象。其他选项如from（从……起）为介词，不能修饰动词forget；harmful（有害的）为形容词，不符合语法位置。
80．句意：从现在起，他会在饮食上更加小心，吃东西前总是先询问成分。固定搭配from now on“从现在起”，位于句首时首字母大写。其他选项如never（从不）代入后语义不通；shock（休克）无法与now on构成短语。
（9）
81．throat 82．tired 83．take 84．Drinking 85．aches 86．How 87．healthy 88．more 89．even 90．yourself
【导语】本文介绍了感冒的常见症状、应对方法以及预防措施，提醒读者在季节变化时注意健康生活方式，远离疾病。
81．句意：它通常以喉咙痛和流鼻涕开始。“a sore...”表示“喉咙痛”，需用名词作宾语。选项“throat”符合语义，表示“喉咙”，“sore throat”为固定短语，意为“喉咙痛”。
82．句意：你可能会整天咳嗽并感到疲倦。“feel...”表示“感到疲倦”，需用形容词作表语。选项“tire”的形容词形式“tired”符合语义，表示“疲倦的”。
83．句意：感冒时你应该好好休息并吃药。“and...some medicine”表示“并吃药”，需用动词原形与“have”并列。选项“take”符合语义，表示“服用”，“take medicine”为固定短语，意为“吃药，服药”。
84．句意：喝大量温水对你也很有好处。“...a lot of warm water”表示“喝大量温水”，需用动名词作主语。选项“drink”的动名词“drinking”符合语法，且句首首字母需大写。
85．句意：如果你得了重感冒并且头疼得厉害，“your head...badly”表示“你的头疼得厉害”，主语为your head，需用动词第三人称单数形式描述疼痛。选项“ache”的第三人称单数“aches”符合语义，表示“疼痛”。
86．句意：你怎样才能远离感冒？“...can you keep away from colds ”表示“你怎样才能远离感冒？”，需用疑问副词引导特殊疑问句。选项“how”符合语义，表示“如何、怎样”，句首首字母大写。
87．句意：你需要有一个健康的生活方式。“a...lifestyle”表示“一个健康的生活方式”，需用形容词作定语修饰名词lifestyle。选项“healthy”符合语义。
88．句意：尽量多吃水果和蔬菜，少吃快餐。“Try to eat...fruit and vegetables”表示“多吃水果和蔬菜”，需用形容词比较级表示“更多的”。选项“many”的比较级“more”符合语义，表示“更多的”。
89．句意：跑步、游泳甚至散步都能帮助你增强体力。“running, swimming or...walking”表示“跑步、游泳甚至散步”，需用副词表示强调。选项“even”符合语义，表示“甚至”。
90．句意：总之，照顾好自己并远离疾病是很有必要的。“take good care of...”表示“照顾好自己”，需用反身代词作宾语。选项“you”的反身代词“yourself”符合语法。
（10）
91．hobbies 92．started 93．feared 94．first 95．trying 96．surprisingly 97．in 98．strong 99．his 100．achievement
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了商人Jason从害怕蹦极到爱上这项运动的经历，展现了他克服恐惧、挑战自我的过程，领悟到直面恐惧能带来成就感与成功的道理。
91．句意：Jason是一名商人，在日常生活中有很多爱好。空前有“lots of”，后接可数名词复数；结合下文“He likes bungee jumping a lot.”，此处是指他有很多爱好，hobbies“爱好”符合语境。
92．句意：他5年前开始了这项运动。时间状语“5 years ago”是一般过去时的标志，因此此处用动词过去式；结合空格后“this sport”，此处是指开始这项运动，started“开始”符合时态与语境要求。
93．句意：起初，他很害怕这项运动，不敢迈出第一步。根据下文“he dared not take the…step”，可知他一开始对这项运动感到害怕，feared“害怕”符合语境，且与全文过去时态一致。
94．句意：起初，他很害怕这项运动，不敢迈出第一步。空格前有定冠词 “the”，表示顺序“第一”，需用序数词；first“第一”符合语境，构成the first step“第一步”的常用表达。
95．句意：但在尝试了几次之后，他克服了心里的障碍。空格前有介词 “after”，介词后接动名词作宾语；结合空格后“some times”，此处是指尝试了几次，动名词trying“尝试”符合语法和语境。
96．句意：蹦极竟然非常棒！空格处修饰形容词“wonderful”，需用副词；surprisingly“出乎意料地、竟然”符合语境，用来表达Jason对蹦极的惊喜感受。
97．句意：Jason 爱上了这项运动。“fall in love with”是固定短语，意为“爱上……”，因此空格处填介词in，构成固定搭配。
98．句意：每次跳跃后，他都会安全回到地面，感到自信且强壮。空格前有 “confident and”，and连接并列的形容词作表语，因此strong“强壮的”符合语境，与“confident”并列。
99．句意：他了解到，直面自己的恐惧给他的生活带来了成就感与成功。空格后有名词“fears”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰；his“他的”符合语境，指代Jason的恐惧。
100．句意：他了解到，直面自己的恐惧给他的生活带来了成就感与成功。空格前有“a sense of”，后接名词作宾语；achievement“成就”符合语境，构成a sense of achievement“成就感”的固定表达。
（11）
101．important 102．hiking 103．stronger 104．deal 105．confident 106．balance 107．problems 108．reduce 109．for 110．makes
【导语】本文讲述了爱好的重要性及如何平衡爱好与其他生活方面。
101．句意：当你忙碌的时候，很难为爱好腾出时间，但爱好真的很重要。根据“but hobbies are really”可知，此处使用形容词，结合所给词，important“重要的”符合语境，表示“爱好真的很重要”。
102．句意：像徒步旅行或打网球这样的身体方面的爱好可以帮助你保持健康——它们让你保持健康，减轻压力，甚至提高你的记忆力。根据“Physical hobbies like going”可知，此处指身体方面的爱好，结合所给词，hike“徒步旅行”符合语境，go hiking“去徒步旅行”。
103．句意：一些科学家还认为，创作音乐可以降低血压，使我们的身体更强壮。根据“making music lowers blood pressure and makes our body”可知，创作音乐可以降低血压，使我们的身体更强壮，结合所给词，strong的比较级“stronger”符合语境，make sth+形容词，表示“使某物……”。
104．句意：像绘画或写作这样的创造性爱好可以帮助你处理不良情绪。根据“with bad emotions”可知，此处指处理不良情绪，结合所给词，deal“处理”符合语境，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形。
105．句意：在一项研究中，45分钟的艺术创作后，大多数人感到更加自信。根据“most people felt more”可知，此处使用形容词，结合所给词，confident“自信的”符合语境，表示“大多数人感到更加自信”。
106．句意：爱好是好的，但正确的平衡很重要。根据“Hobbies are good, but the right”可知，此处指正确的平衡很重要，结合所给词，balance“平衡”符合语境，the right balance“正确的平衡”。
107．句意：屏幕时间很有趣，但可能会导致眼睛疲劳或睡眠不佳甚至孤独等问题。根据“like eye strain or poor sleep and even loneliness”可知，此处指导致眼睛疲劳或睡眠不佳甚至孤独等问题，结合所给词，problem“问题”符合语境，此处表示泛指，使用名词复数。
108．句意：所以，选择一些户外爱好，比如徒步旅行或放风筝，享受新鲜空气，带一个朋友一起，这可以减少孤独感。根据“So, choose some outdoor hobbies like going hiking or flying a kite to enjoy fresh air and take a friend with you, which can”可知，此处指选择一些户外爱好可以减少孤独感，结合所给词，reduce“减少”符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形。
109．句意：无论你的爱好是什么，都要为它腾出时间。根据“make time...it”可知，此处指为它腾出时间，结合所给词，for“为了”符合语境。
110．句意：记住：只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻！根据“all work and no play...Jack a dull boy”可知，此处指只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻，结合所给词，make“使”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为“all work and no play”看作一个整体，表达“只工作不玩耍”这一单一概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
（12）
111．to give it a go 112．to relax 113．outing 114．chatted 115．get into 116．push 117．to spend 118．Once in a while 119．forget 120．myself
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过培养绘画、园艺等爱好，放松身心、找到生活乐趣与自我的故事。
111．句意：上个月，我对日常琐事感到厌烦，所以决定试一试，尝试新的爱好。“decide to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”；“give it a go”表示“试一试”，符合语境。
112．句意：我希望在忙碌的工作日之后放松。“hope to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”；“relax”表示“放松”，与前文“Hobbies help us to relax”呼应。
113．句意：我参加了一次周末短途旅行，去了森林公园。“weekend outing”是固定搭配，意为“周末短途旅行”；“outing”是名词，符合“a weekend+名词”的结构。
114．句意：散步时，我和一位坐在溪边的画家聊天。句子时态为一般过去时，“chat with sb.”表示“和某人聊天”，“chat”的过去式是“chatted”。
115．句意：他鼓励我开始从事绘画，甚至让我看他在10分钟内画完一幅风景画——太神奇了！“encourage sb. to do sth.”意为“鼓励某人做某事”；“get into”表示“开始从事、涉足”，结合画家鼓励作者尝试绘画的语境，该短语符合语义。
116．句意：我必须每天早上督促自己练习。“have to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“必须做某事，不得不做某事”；“push oneself”表示“督促自己”，符合语境。
117．句意：为了平衡生活，我学会了花费晚上的时间听音乐。“learn to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“学会做某事”；“spend (time) doing sth.”表示“花费（时间）做某事”。
118．句意：偶尔，我会加入一个园艺小组。“once in a while”是固定短语，意为“偶尔、时不时”，在句中作时间状语，首字母需大写。
119．句意：一位成员开玩笑说：“别忘记享受泥土！”“Don’t+动词原形”构成祈使句否定形式；“forget to do sth.”表示“忘记去做某事”，符合语境。
120．句意：通过这些经历，我重新与自己建立了联系，并在小事中找到了快乐。“reconnect with
oneself”表示“重新与自己建立联系”，此处对应主语“I”，用反身代词“myself”。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第5讲 选词填空
一、解题四步核心法（必背）
Step 1 先标词性，分类备选词
拿到题目不要急着读文章，先给方框里的词标注词性：
- 名词（n.）：标注可数/不可数、单复数提示
- 动词（v.）：标注原形/过去式/三单/动名词形式
- 形容词（adj.）、副词（adv.）：标注是否可相互转换（如 careful → carefully ）
- 代词（pron.）、连词（conj.）等单独标注
这样能快速缩小选择范围，避免盲目试词。
Step 2 分析空格，预判词性
根据句子结构和前后词，判断空格需要的词性：
- 名词位置：冠词（a/an/the）、数词、形容词、物主代词后；主语/宾语位置
- 动词位置：主语后（作谓语）、不定式符号 to 后、介词后（作非谓语）
- 形容词位置：名词前、系动词（be/look/sound/become等）后
- 副词位置：动词后、形容词前、句首（修饰全句）
Step 3 结合语境，匹配选词+变形
这是得分关键，记住选词+变形两步：
1. 选词：根据上下文逻辑、固定搭配（如 look forward to doing 、 spend time doing ）、语义复现（前后文出现的同义/相关词）筛选合适的词
2. 变形：牢记口诀「动词态，名词数，代词格，形换副」- 动词：看时态（一般过去时加-ed、三单加-s）、非谓语（ to do / doing / done ）
- 名词：可数名词看单复数（ many 后加-s/es， a/an 后用单数）
- 代词：主格/宾格/形容词性物主代词/反身代词转换
- 形容词/副词：修饰名词用adj.，修饰动词/adj.用adv.（常加-ly），比较级/最高级变化
Step 4 回读全文，逻辑校准
把填好的词代入文章通读一遍，检查：
- 句间逻辑是否通顺（转折/因果/并列关系是否合理）
- 时态、词性、单复数是否一致
- 有没有漏填、错填

二、八年级下册高频考点&避坑指南
高频考点（贴合人教版下册）
1. 时态：一般过去时、现在完成时（Unit 1-10重点）、过去进行时
2. 非谓语： enjoy/finish/practice doing 、 want/hope to do 、 let/make sb. do
3. 词性转换： happy → happiness 、 care → careful/carefully 、 use → useful/useless
4. 固定搭配： give up doing 、 take part in 、 in order to 、 as soon as
避坑指南
只选词不变形（最常见丢分点，如 enjoy read → enjoy reading ）
词性判断错误（用adv.修饰名词，用adj.修饰动词）
忽略主谓一致（主语三单，动词不加-s）
逻辑混乱（转折关系用 and ，并列关系用 but ）
三、实战小技巧
- 先易后难：先填有明显提示的空（如固定搭配、时态标志词 last year / already ），再攻克难题
- 语义复现：答案往往在前后句有同义提示，比如前文提到 tired ，后文可能对应 sleep
- 词库排查：选过的词划掉，避免重复使用（大部分题目词不重复）
最终总结：
先标词性→预判空格→选词变形→回读检查，牢牢抓住这四步，就能大幅提升选词填空的正确率
（1）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
it above safe come change take nature temperature build light turn grow
The Waitomo Glowworm Caves in New Zealand are one of the most amazing 1 wonders in the world. The caves are famous for the thousands of glowworms that live on the cave walls, making the cave look like a starry night sky.
The glowworms are tiny insects that are only found in New Zealand. They 2 on the cave walls and produce a bright blue 3 to attract small insects for food. The light from the glowworms 4 the whole cave into a magical place that looks like a dream.
The 5 in the cave is always around 15℃, which is perfect for the glowworms to live.
Visitors can 6 a boat ride through the underground river in the cave, and enjoy the amazing view of the glowworms 7 their heads.
The caves were formed over 30 million years ago, when the area was under the sea. The limestone (石灰岩) was slowly eroded (侵蚀) by water, 8 the caves and underground rivers we see today.
It is important to protect the caves, as the glowworms are very sensitive to 9 in the environment. Loud noises, bright lights and pollution can hurt the glowworms and make them leave the cave.
Visitors must follow the guide’s rules to keep the cave 10 for the glowworms. They can’t take photos with flash, make loud noises, or touch the cave walls.
（2）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
northern survive condition determined risk explorer above locate top feel like bit by bit
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It is 11 in the 12 part of the Himalayas. Every year, many 13 try to reach its top. But it is not an easy journey.
The weather on Everest is very changeable. Climbers must face terrible 14 like freezing temperatures, strong winds, and low oxygen. Many people have lost their lives trying to 15 on the mountain.
However, some climbers are 16 to reach the top. They train for years and 17 their lives to achieve their dream. On the top, you will 18 you can touch the sky.
For many, climbing is not just about reaching the top. It is about curiosity and the love for adventure. People are naturally curious about the unknown. 19 , we learn more about the world around us. The 20 of the mountain is covered with snow all year round.
（2）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次。
refuse start drought up warn work hit remember safe wildfire
In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave, the worst since 1961. It caused 21 in different parts of the country. The heatwave 22 the southeastern city of Chongqing very hard. Large 23 swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to 24 and 25 others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers 26 to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
After the fires were put out, people in Chongqing 27 to rebuild their lives. Many volunteers came to help clean 28 the mountains and plant new trees. The government also gave money to the families who lost their homes. People said they would never forget the brave firefighters and the helpers. They learned that 29 together can make hard things possible. Now, when people visit the mountains, they 30 the big fire and the strong team that saved their city.
（4）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
think, until, with, get, communicate, well, opinion, instead, although, argue
Do you ever feel angry with your parents Do you sometimes 31 with your parents
If you are upset or angry, you should know how to deal with your feelings, and try to keep yourself calm. Try to come up 32 an idea to solve your problem so that it won’t happen again.
It’s hard to believe, but your parents were once kids too. 33 they don’t accept your ideas, they really don’t make things difficult for you. Your parents really care about you, but sometimes it’s just hard for them to know what you are 34 .
A parent’s job is to take care of you and keep you safe 35 you’re old enough to take care of yourself. Usually, you can learn to 36 along with your parents sooner or later. If you can have proper 37 with your parents, you can make your parents know how you feel and what’s important to you.
And remember this takes time. It’s not always easy. You and your parents may have different
38 , but don’t shout at your parents. 39 , talk to them in a proper way. It will make them listen to you more carefully and understand you more easily and 40 . And you’ll get respect (尊重) and can improve the relationship between you and your parents.
（5）
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
physics, thank, awake, negative, mean, remain, change, normal, different, badly
In our class, there is a boy named Tom. He used to be a bully. He would often behave in a 41 way and make other students feel sad. One day, he 42 a new student, and the teacher had a long talk with him. After that, Tom began to 43 . He felt 44 for the teacher’s help and realized how wrong his previous (以前的) actions were.
Gradually, Tom started to act 45 . He became more 46 and friendly. He even helped others with their 47 homework. The other students also began to accept and make friends with him. Tom felt joyful and 48 to the new way of life. He learned that being kind is much better than being mad or 49 . Now, he 50 a good friend to everyone in the class.
（6）
从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每个单词只能用一次。
they, bad, in, lose, careless, unless, cut, solve, normal, away
Students often have a lot of problems and worries. Laura Mills, a teenager from London, thinks the 51 thing is to do nothing. She agrees that “Problems and worries are 52 in life.” She thinks you’ll feel worse if you don’t talk to someone about your problems.
Laura remembers that she once 53 her wallet and worried for days and she was afraid to tell her parents about it. 54 the end, she talked to her parents and they were really understanding. Her dad said he sometimes made 55 mistakes himself. Now she believes you cannot feel better 56 you talk to someone. She says she will always share her problems in the future.
Robert Hunt agrees with Laura. He thinks you should not run 57 from your problems, but you should try to solve 58 . He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to. If you cannot talk to an expert like Robert, you can discuss your problems with your parents because they have a lot of experience.
Sharing a problem is like 59 it in half. So you’re halfway to 60 a problem just by talking to someone about it.
（7）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
help, refuse, communicate, copy, old, what, with, second, we, and
My name is Mona. I am a middle school girl. Lisa is my elder sister. She is only five minutes 61 than me. We are in the same school and the same class. I’m always trying to get on well 62 her. When she is in trouble, I always offer to 63 her. I always share everything I have with her. But she isn’t nice to me. Firstly, she always 64 to let me watch my favourite TV show. Instead, she watches 65 she wants until late at night. 66 , she often 67 my homework. I’m very angry. Relations between 68 have become difficult. We fight a lot, 69 I really don’t like it. It’s the only 70 between us. I am very nervous. What should I do Could you give me some advice
（8）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
shock, pill, never, harmful, tight, check, allergic, peanut, nervous,from
Last Saturday, Lily invited her friend Tom to her home for lunch. She made a delicious sandwich with some 71 . Tom was a little 72 when he saw it, because he was 73 to peanuts. But he didn’t say anything and ate it quickly.
Soon, his throat felt 74 . His face turned red, and he was in great 75 . He felt very uncomfortable and afraid. Lily’s mother 76 him right away and knew it was a serious problem. She said eating peanuts was 77 to Tom’s body.
She quickly took him to the hospital. The doctor gave him some 78 and asked him to rest. Tom felt better soon. He said he would 79 forget this terrible experience. 80 now on, he would be more careful about food and always ask about the ingredients before eating.
（9）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
healthy throat drink take you how even ache tire many
You may catch a cold during season changes, especially in spring and autumn. It often starts with a sore 81 and a runny nose. You may also cough a lot and feel 82 all day. You usually have a fever too. It’s not serious, but you may feel really bad.
You should have a good rest and 83 some medicine when you have a cold. 84 a lot of warm water is good for you too—it helps clean your body. If you have a bad cold and your head 85 badly, you must take your temperature and go to the doctor right away.
86 can you keep away from colds Here is some advice. You need to have a 87 lifestyle. It is good for you to go to bed early and get up early. It’s also important to have a balanced diet. Try to eat 88 fruit and vegetables and less fast food. Try to exercise more often. Running, swimming or 89 walking can help a lot to build up your strength.
All in all, it’s necessary to take good care of 90 and stay away from diseases.
（10）
阅读短文，用方框中所给词填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理；每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。
trying, in, started, hobbies, feared, his, surprisingly, strong, achievement, first
Jason is a businessman who has lots of 91 in his daily life. He likes bungee jumping (蹦极跳) a lot. He 92 this sport 5 years ago. At first, he 93 it a lot, and he dared (敢于) not take the 94 step. But after 95 some times, he got over the problem in his mind. Bungee jumping was 96 wonderful! Jason fell 97 love with this sport. After each jump, he would safely return to the ground, feeling confident and 98 . He learned that facing 99 fears brought him a sense of 100 and success in his life. Jason now enjoys the feeling in the air, like a bird flying in the sky.
（11）
从方框中选择恰当的词语，并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
strong, confident, important, balance, hike, for, deal, reduce, make, problem
It is hard to find time for hobbies when you’re busy, but hobbies are really 101 .
Physical hobbies like going 102 or playing tennis can help you be in good health—they keep you fit, lower stress, and even improve your memory. Some scientists also think that making music lowers blood pressure and makes our body 103 .
Hobbies are good for your feelings. Creative hobbies like painting or writing can help you 104 with bad emotions. In a study, after 45 minutes of making art, most people felt more 105 .
Hobbies are good, but the right 106 is important. Screen time is fun but could cause 107 like eye strain or poor sleep and even loneliness. So, choose some outdoor hobbies like going hiking or flying a kite to enjoy fresh air and take a friend with you, which can 108 loneliness.
No matter what your hobby is, make time 109 it. Remember: all work and no play 110 Jack a dull boy!
（12）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式完成短文。
get into give it a go push once in a while chat outing I relax spend forget
I think hobbies are good for us. Hobbies help us to relax and learn a new skill. Last month, I felt bored with my daily routine, so I decided 111 and try new hobbies. I hoped 112 after busy workdays. I took part in a weekend 113 to a forest park. The air was fresh, and birds were singing. While walking, I 114 with a painter sitting by a stream. He said he liked to be creative in his free time. He encouraged me to 115 painting and even let me see him draw a landscape in just 10 minutes—it was magical! At first, I tried my best to focus. Drawing trees seemed so difficult ! I had to 116 myself every morning to practice. However, I didn’t give up. To balance my life, I learned 117 evenings listening to music.
Though I enjoyed drawing, I also wanted to connect with nature in another way. One day, while buying art supplies (艺术用品), I noticed a poster about a community gardening project.
118 , I joined a gardening group .We worked together , watering plants and planting flowers. One member joked, “Don’t 119 to enjoy the dirt (泥土)!” Slowly, I began to love these activities. Through these experiences, I reconnected with 120 and found joy in small things.

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