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(共31张PPT)
名词的秘密
名词的分类
名词的数
名词的格
名词{
可数名词{
普通名词
{
物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物
抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念
个体名词
集体名词
不可数名词{
名词的定义：表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的名词。
（如: teacher，pen, student, desk）
（如: family, class，police ）
（如：tea, water, paper）
（如：news, love, peace）
专有名词
（如：Tom、China、 the United States)
名词的分类
名词的数
名词的格
可数名词的单复数
There are three chairs in the classroom.
These tomatoes are red.
My brother looks after two babies.
Tom and King are boys.
I have two pencil-boxes.
There are some buses in the street.
There are so many wolves in the forest.
1.What are the regular rules on plural nouns
Group Work
情况(规则变化) 构成方法 例词
girl—girls; pen-- pens
bus-buses; box-boxes
watch-watches;dish-dishes
baby-babies; family-families
boy- boys; day-days
tomato-tomatoes; hero-heroes
photo-photos
half-halves;
wife-wives;
一般情况
以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾
以辅音字母+y 结尾
o结尾，有生命
以f 或fe结尾的
加-s
加- es
加“es”
加“s”
变f或fe为
v再加es
o结尾，无生命
变y 为i
再加-es
直接加- s
以元音字母加y结尾
/s/ 清辅音后
/z/ 浊辅音和元音后
/iz/
构成方法（不规则变化） 例词
foot-feet tooth-teeth woman-women man- men mouse-mice
chairman- chairmen
ox- oxen child- children
deer-deer fish-fish sheep-sheep
yuan, jin
1.Chinese-Chinese
Japanese-Japanese
2. Frenchman- Frenchmen
Englishman- Englishmen
3. German-Germans Russian-Russians Americans Australians Indians
内部元音发生变化
词尾发生变化
个别名词单复同形
表示某国人时，
中日不变，
英法变，
其他国家加s
特殊情况
(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：
clothes，shorts，pants，scissors(剪刀)，goods，glasses(眼镜)
若表达具体数目，要借助数量词
pair(对，双);　suit(套); a pair of glasses(一对眼镜); two pairs of trousers(两条裤子)
(2) 集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 people(人)　police(警察)　cattle(牲口) 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of(一头)cattle。
特殊情况
(4) 有些名词以s结尾，但不是复数形式，是不可数名词如：
news，maths，physics，politics
the United States，the United Nations
e.g. The United States is a developed country.
(3) 有的名词表示个体时,用复数.表示集体时,用单数.
family, team , group , class 等
e.g. My family is very happy.
My family are watching TV.
可数名词复数特殊变化规律
中日好友来聚会
(Chinese, Japanese, people)
绵羊、鹿、鱼把家回(sheep, deer, fish)
男士、女士a变e
(man-men, woman-women)
牙（齿）、脚双o变双e
(tooth-teeth, foot-feet)
孩子们想去天安门 (children)原形后面ren
老鼠本来爱大米, mice, ice和rice
1. I often go to work on . (foot)
2. This table is made of . (glass)
3. Please give them their . (piano)
4. Is there any in the yard (room)
5. There are twelve in a year. (month)
6.The kangaroo comes from Australia. It
eats (grass）and (leaf).
7. Look at those catching the thief! (police)
8. Would you like some (potato)
glass
pianos
months
foot
room
grass
leaves
police
potatoes
Have a test
1.Please give me some______ .
A. paper B. banana C. boxs D. example
2. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.
A.Germen B. Germans C. Germany D. Germanies
3.John bought_____for himself yesterday.
A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe
C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes
4.In Britain,_________are all painted red.
A.letter boxes B.letters boxes
C.letter box D.letters box
4. You must clean your ____ every day.
A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths
A
Choose the best answer.
B
A
A
B
不可数名词
不可数名词：（前面不能用a, an等来修饰）
到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有：
①液体类:
②肉类:
③粉末类：
④抽象名词类：
⑤食物类:
不可数名词计量的表达:
①个数单位词：piece （张、片、块、条）,
②容器单位词：bottle（瓶）,bag（包）,box（盒、箱）
③类别单位词：kind( 种、类)
④度量衡单位词：kilo(千克、公斤)
water, juice,tea , soup ,milk,cola,coffee,
meat，beef, pork, mutton
food, broccoli, rice, porridge, junk food ,tofu
bread
news,information,money,advice,work,
homework,housework,help ,fun,health,price
But some nouns are not only countable nouns but also uncountable nouns
glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯)
paper(纸) – a paper(报纸)
work(工作) – a work(著作)
room(空间) – a room(房间)
fruit(水果) – fruits (各种水果)
fish(鱼) – fishes(各种鱼)
time(时间) – times(时代)
记住: roof – roofs , chef – chefs , chief - chiefs
Exercises:
1.把下面名词变为复数:
city
brush
leaf
potato
tomato
bread
broccoli
milk
beef
cities
brushes
leaves
potatoes
tomatoes
2. 翻译下面的词组:
1.两杯咖啡
2.四块面包
3. 七袋大米
4. 八只鹿
5.一滴水
6.三个男孩
two cups of coffee
four pieces of bread
seven bags of rice
eight deer
a drop of water
three boys
2.What need we notice if the uncountable noun is as a subject of a sentence
3.How do we describe the uncountable nouns
The third person singular form of the verb.
Some, any, much, little, a little, lots of; a glass of, two bottles of…
Group Work
名词与谓语动词的关系
单数名词 复数名词
Be (is/am/are) is are
do/does does do
have/has has have
e.g. Five pairs of shoes only 8 dollars.
A pair of shoes only 8 dollars.
The shoes only 8 dollars.
are
is
are
I have two ___and ___.
A. leg , feet B. legs , foots C. legs , feet
How many ___ are there in the city
A. factories B. factorys C.factoris D. factory
3. Trees ___ always green in the South.
A. is B. are C. will be D.were
4. There ____ lots of bread on the table.
A. is B. are C. were D.be
5.The rich_________not always happy.
A.are B.is C.have D.has

C
A
B
A
A
6. There are two _____ and three _____ in our school.
A. Frenchmen , Germen B. Frenchmen , Germans
C. Frenchmas , Germans D. Russian, Americans
7. Many ____ are playing in the park.
A. children B. childs C. boy D.peoples
8. The meat ____not good . But the news ____ interesting
A. is , are B. are ,is C. is , is D. are, are
9. I can see many ____ on the hill .
A. sheeps B. cow C. sheepes D.sheep
10. He goes to school _____ every day.
A. on feet B. on foot C. by foot D. by a car
B
A
C
D
B
11. Your clothes ____ very beautiful.
A. is B. are C. be D.have
My brother has two _____.
A. knife B. knifes C. fork D.knives
13. There ____ a pair of trousers on the bed.
A. is B. are C. were D. have
14. Would you like __________
A. a milk B. a glass of milk C. some milks
Bring me two ___ paper ,please.
A. piece of B. piece C. pieces of
B
D
A
B
C
名词的分类
名词的数
名词的格
双重所有格
{
单重所有格
{
’s所有格
名词所有格----表示所属关系
of所有格
构成方法 例句
Linda’s desk
the boys’ friends
the children’s Day
Lucy and Lily’s mother
Lucy’s and Lily’s books
today’s newspaper
fifteen minutes’ walk
表示时间、距离的名词可以加’s 或 ’构成所有格形式
一般在有生命名词后加 ’s 构成。
若以S结尾复数名词，则在S后加 ’
若不是以S结尾复数名词，则加’s
表示几个人共同的东西，只在最后一个人后加’s.
表示几个人都分别有的东西，则每个都加’s.
表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格 后面的名词
at my uncle’s
= at my uncle’s home
a map of China
the name of the film
the cover of the book
电影的名字
中国地图
书的封面
of 形式
无生命的东西（不能用’s 时）
有生命的东西（定语较长时）
the support of the people all over the world
2)名词+of+ 名词性物主代词
1)名词+of +名词所有格:
some books of the teacher’s
that smile of the boy’s
注：不能与定冠词the连用。
3.名词的双重所有格:就是指同时既使用 -’s 所有格又使用 of 所有格。
a photo of Mr Smith’s (照片属于史密斯先生)
a photo of Mr Smith(照片里的人是史密斯先生)
a friend of hers
1.Is this ____ book
A. Lilei B. Lilei’s C. lileis’
2. This is _____ car.
A. Smith B. Smith’s C. Smiths’
3. There are some _____ in the park.
A. man teachers B. men teacher
C. men teachers D. boys students
4. That’s my _________.
A. brother’s and sister’s bike
B. brother and sister’s bike
C. brother’s and sister’s bikes
5. It takes me ____walk to go to school
A. five minutes’ B. five minute’s
C. five minutes
B
B
C
B
A
my teacher’s office
students’ exercise books
Children’s Day
today’s newspaper
15 minutes’ walk = a 15-minute walk
to Tom’s = to Tom’s house
1 我老师的办公室
2 学生们的练习本
3 儿童节
4 今天的报纸
5 十五分钟的路程
6 到汤姆家去
名词的所有格 Practice
7 广东的省会
8 教室的门
9 我父亲的一个朋友
10 他的两个兄弟
11 爱迪生的一些发明
12 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
13 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)
the capital of Guangdong
the doors of the classroom
a friend of my father (’s)
two brothers of his
some inventions of Edison’s
a picture of his brother’s
a picture of his brother
6.Whose shirt is this It’s ____
A.Wang Wei’s B.Wang Wei C.of Wang Wei
7. Where’s Mr Wang He has gone to the ___.
A. doctor B. doctor’s C. doctors’
8. There is little ___ in the fridge .
A. bread B. noodle C. dumpling D.vegetable
9. Help yourself to ___. Thanks .It tastes good.
A.some chickens B. a chicken C.some chicken
10.Would you like some tea No, I had two __.
A. bottle of orange B.bottles of oranges
C. bottles of orange D. bottle of oranges
11. Uncle Wang bought two ___ yesterday
A. watches B. watchs C. watch
A
B
A
C
C
A

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