资源简介

B2U3 Discovering Useful Structures
Learning aims
1. Review the present perfect tense and passive voice.
2. Identify and use the present perfect passive voice in sentences to improve language accuracy.
II Learning guidance and tests
自学指导 自学检测及课堂展示
I. Review 1.现在完成时 (present perfect tense) (1)结构： (2)含义 表示从过去某一时间开始而延续至今的动作或状态。 Professor Lee has worked here since 1980. 表示过去发生的动作或状态和现在的联系，如产生的结果、影响、经验等。 Someone has broken the window. 表示现在之前发生或完成的动作和状态。 I don’t understand what you have said. 2.被动语态 (the passive voice) (1)结构： (2)含义：表示 是动作的承受者，强调动作的对象而非执行者。 The letter was written by my mother. II.现在完成时的被动语态 (the present perfect passive voice) 1.结构 (时态和语态结合，先体现时态，后体现语态) (1)现在完成时： 主 + have/has + done (2)被动语态： 主 + be + done (3)现在完成时的被动语态： 2. 基本句式 (1) 肯定句式：主语 + have/has + been done ... The homework has been finished by all the students. (2) 否定句式：主语 + have/has + not + been done .. The homework has not been finished by some students. (3) 一般疑问句式：Have/Has + 主语 + been done ... Has the homework been finished by all the students (4) 特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + been done ... Who has the homework been finished by 3.含义 (1)过去动作对现在的影响:表示一个被动的动作从过去开始发生，到现在已经完成，或对现在造成影响/结果。通常与 already, yet, just, never, recently 等副词连用。 The problem has already been solved. 问题已经被解决了。（现在不再有困扰了） I have been told about that matter. 我已被告知那件事情了。（“我”现在已经知道了） (2)过去动作的持续: 表示一个被动的动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。常与 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用。 This problem has been discussed for a long time.（问题被讨论的动作从过去开始，持续至今） How long has this book been kept 这本书已被借了多长时间了？ (3) 表示一个被动的动作在过去某个不确定的时间发生过，强调动作的经历，常与 ever、never、once、several times 等词连用。This book has been read by many people several times.（这本书被很多人读过好几次，强调被阅读的经历） (4) 在新闻报道、科技文章、正式通知等文体中，常用现在完成时的被动语态强调动作的结果，避免提及执行者，使表达更客观。 A new rule has been made to improve students’ behavior. ★补充：常与现在完成时的被动语态连用的时间状语 already/yet 已经 recently/lately 最近 since 自从……以来 since then 从那时起 ever since 自从 ever 曾经 for a long time 很长一段时间 so far 迄今为止 by now/up to now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last few years 在近几年的时间里 即学即练 1.His database and file (update) three times since last week. 2.All user identities (check) before they access the platform. 3.A large sum of money (donate) to the charity ever since. 4.All the conference files (upload) to the network, so you can download them now. 5.The distance that exists between people (remove) by the Internet already. 6.A new type of software with many functions (develop) so far. 7.Click on this file and you will find whether the document and all the images (process).
对接高考 1.[2022 北京卷] Tom (award) several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble (谦逊的). 2.[2024 新课标 Ⅰ 卷] He (vote) National Sports-writer of the Year eleven times. 3.[2022 全国乙卷] Since April drinks companies (force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. 4.[2025 全国二卷] These effects aren’t just short-term but (prove) to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. 5.[2023 全国甲卷] Carson proves that a simple literary form that (pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.Ⅰ. Review
1. 现在完成时
(1) 结构：have/has + 过去分词
2.被动语态
(1) 结构：be + 过去分词
(2)主语
Ⅱ. 现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态：have/has + been + 过去分词
二、即学即练
1. have been updated
2. have been checked
3. has been donated
4. have been uploaded
5. has been removed
6. has been developed
7. have been processed
三、对接高考
1. has been awarded
2. has been voted
3. have been forced
4. have been proven/proved
5. has been passed

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