资源简介

(共31张PPT)
夯基培优练(一)
Wildlife Protection
Unit 2
(Listening & Speaking)
必 备 知 识 练
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The 　 　 agreed to take us to go 　 　 the next day.(hunt)
2.With regard to your offensive remarks, we demand an
　 　 (immediately) apology from you.
3.As a result, these 　 (endanger) animals may even die 　 　.
hunter/huntress
hunting
immediate
endangered
out
4.The rainforests are being destroyed at a frightening r　 　.
5.The a　 　 temperature in the city has risen significantly over the past decade due to climate change.
6.There is growing c　 　 among scientists about the long-term effects of plastic pollution on marine life.
ate
verage
oncern
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.It was several minutes before I 　 　 what was happening.
2.He has 　 　 letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.
be aware of　　　　　 on earth
be concerned about make progress
be alarmed by/at masses of
was aware of
masses of
3.　 　 his sick wife, he hurried home immediately after the meeting.
4.What 　 　 did you do that for
5.The government 　 　 an outbreak of unrest last year.
6.To practise all the time is the key to 　 　 in English.
Concerned about
on earth
was alarmed by
making progress
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量
【归纳拓展】
in some/a measure 在某种程度上
beyond measure 无可估量;极度
take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
make…to one’s measure
按某人的尺寸制作……
measure A against B 用A和B作比较
【即学即练】
(1)政府应该采取措施保护环境。
The government should 　 　 the environment.
(2)裁缝按我的尺寸做了一件夹克。
The tailor made a jacket 　 　.
(3)我们可以用这个标准来衡量进步。
We can 　 　 progress 　 　 this standard.
(4)在某种程度上,他的建议是合理的。
　 　, his advice is reasonable.
take measures to protect
to my measure
measure
against
In some/a measure
(5)她的贡献是无可估量的。
Her contribution is 　 　.
2.★adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编adaptation n.适应;改编本
【归纳拓展】
adapt to sth/sb 适应某事/某人
be adapted from… 由……改编而来
adapt sth for sth 把某物改编为某物
adapt oneself to sth 使自己适应某事
beyond measure
【即学即练】
(1)这个故事的儿童改编本很受欢迎。
The 　 　 of this story for children is very popular.
(2)他使自己适应了新工作。
He 　 　 the new job.
(3)这部电影由一本小说改编而来。
This movie 　 　 a novel.
(4)她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Three of her novels 　 　 television.
adaptation
adapted himself to
is adapted from
have been adapted for
关 键 能 力 练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are needed to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and in the surrounding fields.The project is started by an environmental protection organisation, which has contributed to improving the living environment for wild animals.Recently, the organisation has asked volunteers to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment.
In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organisation, aiming to see whether these flowers will interest the rare and beautiful butterflies.The project officer Sarah Marshall says, “It will be a suitable habitat for butterflies.They are great ‘indicator species’ as they are easily affected by weather changes, so they make an early warning system for the environment.”
The organisation is seeking volunteers to help monitor butterflies from April through to September.They will walk a fixed way and record the different butterflies they meet along the way.Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month to count the wildlife.
No experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but an interest is important.If you are interested, please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext.278, email sarah@***.org.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在英格兰威尔特郡,有一个项目需要志愿者们去自然保护区统计生活在那里的蝴蝶数量,因为蝴蝶作为“指示物种”可以为环境的变化建立一个早期预警系统。文章最后还提到了对志愿者的一些要求和联系方式。
(　 　)1.What is the aim of the project according to Paragraph 1
A.To control butterfly population.
B.To attract more visitors.
C.To expand the area for wildlife.
D.To protect the environment.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recently, the organisation…and protect the environment.” 可知,该组织根据蝴蝶的统计数据,请志愿者帮助其观察环境变化,保护环境。由此可知,这个项目的目的是保护环境。
D
(　 　)2.Many special flowers have been planted in Wiltshire to
　　　.
A.improve the living conditions of local people
B.attract many unusual and beautiful butterflies　
C.warn people of the danger of wildlife
D.attract more tourists to come
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers…beautiful butterflies.” 可知,当地人在组织的帮助下种植了许多特殊的花卉,目的是看看这些花卉是否会吸引稀有而美丽的蝴蝶。
B
(　 　)3.Butterflies are called “indicator species” because
　　　.
A.they are easily influenced by weather changes
B.they can provide support for visitors
C.they can give information to other species
D.they are not easily found out in their habitats
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are great ‘indicator species’ as they are easily affected by weather changes, so they make an early warning system for the environment.”可知,蝴蝶是“指示物种”,因为它们很容易受到天气变化的影响,所以它们被认为是环境变化的早期预警系统。
(　 　)4.What is the text mainly about
A.Wildlife areas are being protected by butterflies.
B.Visitors are being trained to identify butterflies.
C.Organisations are being set up to protect butterflies.
D.Volunteers are being needed to count butterflies.
D
【解析】 主旨大意题。第一段讲述了在英格兰威尔特郡,志愿者们需要去自然保护区统计生活在那里的蝴蝶数量。文章最后还提到了对参与这一行动的志愿者的一些要求和联系方式。由此可知,文章主要内容与需要志愿者来统计蝴蝶的数量有关。　
B
Researchers say the world has lost more than one fourth of its land-based insects over the past 30 years.
The finding comes from a major study of insect populations worldwide.The researchers noted the loss of such insects suggests a more complex problem than earlier research has shown.
Ants, bees, butterflies and other land-based insects have been suffering population drops of about nine percent every 10 years or so.
“Ongoing decline (减少) on land at this rate will be extremely damaging for ecological systems and for humans,” Nick Haddad, an expert on butterflies, said.He noted that insects move pollen (花粉) from one part of the flower of a plant to another part.This causes the plant to produce fruit or seeds.Insects also help to break down dead plants and animals.
Van Klink, who was the lead author of the report, added that insects also serve as food to many animals, making them very important to all Earth’s ecosystems.“But at the same time,
insects transmit terrible diseases like malaria, Zika and West Nile virus, and they eat our crops and damage trees,” he said.
Some estimates show that land-based insects would face a population drop of 24 percent over the next 30 years.Freshwater insects would experience a 38 percent increase over the same period.
Van Klink noted that the big international losses seem to be around cities and surrounding areas as well as cropland, where insects are losing their food and habitat.Van Klink did not find a
link to climate change in the loss of insects.But he did note the widespread effects of growing cities and loss of undeveloped areas to agriculture.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界范围内陆生昆虫的数量一直在减少,并探究了昆虫对环境及人类的意义。
(　 　)5.What is the rate of the loss of land-based insects every year
A.Under one percent.
B.About two percent.
C.About nine percent.
D.About ten percent.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ants…have been suffering population drops of about nine percent every 10 years or so.”可知,陆地上的昆虫数量每十年减少百分之九,也就是说每年减少不到百分之一。
(　 　)6.What did Nick Haddad stress in Paragraph 4
A.The benefits of insects.
B.The harm of insect decline.
C.The speed of insect decline.
D.The importance of ecological systems.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,Nick Haddad主要强调了昆虫给环境及人类带来的各种好处,虽然提到了昆虫减少的危害,但没有具体展开说明。
A
(　 　)7.What’s Van Klink’s attitude towards insects
A.Negative. B.Objective.
C.Favourable. D.Ambiguous.
【解析】 观点态度题。根据第五段内容可知,Van Klink既指出了昆虫给人类带来的好处,同时也指出了昆虫带来的问题和弊端。由此可知,Van Klink对昆虫的态度是客观公正的。
B
(　 　)8.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A.Most insects have died underground.
B.Climate change leads to insect decline.
C.The quality of fresh water is being improved.
D.Most insects have died in undeveloped areas.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Freshwater insects would experience a 38 percent increase over the same period.”及最后一段内容可知,昆虫数量的减少主要发生在城市周边,是缺少食物和生存环境遭到破坏所致;而生活在淡水周围的昆虫数量却一直在增加,由此推知,淡水的质量在改善。(共48张PPT)
夯基培优练(三)
Wildlife Protection
Unit 2
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)
必 备 知 识 练
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.A new bridge was built, which 　 　 (reduce) travelling time 　 　 50 minutes 　 　 15 minutes.
2.This news of UFOs was immediately dismissed (摒弃) due
　 　 lack of hard evidence.
3.Mosquitoes are flying i　 　 which bite people and animals in order to suck their blood.
to
reduced
from
to
nsects
4.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and
　 　 (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.
5.This room is used 　 　 storing old documents and archives that are no longer needed daily.
being reduced
for
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.She 　 　 her weight 　 　 50 kilos once upon a time.
2.Where unemployment and crime are high, it　can assume that the latter is 　 　 the former.
reduce…to…　　 　 be reduced to
in order to stir up
search for in order that
be used for due to
reduced
to
due to
3.The people here 　 　 dire poverty (赤贫) because of natural disasters.
4.The police 　 　 the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
5.　 　 disturb her roommates, the girl stepped into the room quietly.
6.Traumatic (创伤的) events, repeated many times, can
　 　 negative emotions to the patient.
are reduced to
were searching for
In order not to
stir up
7.We got up early 　 　 we could catch the first bus.
8.Nowadays some artificial intelligent robots can 　 　 looking after patients.
in order that
be used for
　
Ⅲ.语法突破——现在进行时的被动语态
1.语法填空
(1)In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that 　 　 still 　 　 (create).
(2)My washing machine 　 　 (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
(3)Now similar concerns 　 　 (raise) by the giants (巨头) that deal in data, the oil of the digital age.
are
being created
is being repaired
are being raised
(4)These animals 　 　 (hunt) now at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
(5)The sharks are in danger of extinction.They
　 　 (kill) for their fins by humans.
(6)—By the way, have you moved into the new house
—Not yet.The walls 　 　 (paint).
are being hunted
are being killed
are being painted
2.句型转换
(1)The teacher is grading the students’ schoolwork now.
→
(被动句)
(2)The police have arrested a young man and they are questioning him now.
→
(被动句)
　 The students’ schoolwork is being graded by the teacher
now. 　
　 A young man has been arrested and is being questioned by the police now.　
(3)The building is being constructed.
→　 　(介词短语作表语)
(4)We have to take another road because this road is being repaired.
→
(介词短语作表语)
The building is under construction.
　 We have to take another road because this road is under repair.　
　
　
3.用括号内单词的适当形式填空
We are sad to know that nowadays great damage 　(1)　 (do) to animals by human beings.Many animals are endangered because their habitats 　(2)　 (threaten) now.Rainforests 　(3)　 (cut) at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.Rivers and lakes 　(4)　 (pollute) by factories.Another reason why many species of animals are dying out is that they 　(5)　 (kill) either for food or for clothing.What if we continue to do whatever we like
Thankfully, there is an organisation 　(6)　 (call) WWF, which is very concerned about this problem.With its help, wildlife parks 　(7)　 (set) up to protect endangered animals 　(8)　 (recent).For example, the African elephants now 　(9)　 (protect) in a wildlife park by WWF and their number 　(10)　 (increase) quickly.
(1)　 　
(2)　 　
(3)　 　
is being done
are being threatened
are being cut
(4)　 　
(5)　 　
(6)　 　
(7)　 　
(8)　 　
(9)　 　
(10)　 　
are being polluted
are being killed
called
have been set
recently
are being protected
is increasing
关 键 能 力 练
Ⅳ.完形填空
I spent two weeks in Kenya as a volunteer in a natural reserve.Our 　1　 was aimed at protecting wildlife.And we also did other 　2　 work, helping the local people improve their living conditions.
I 　3　 the woods with slow, heavy steps, picked up a few traps left by illegal hunters, and helped monitor the population of giraffes, which was at risk due to illegal hunting.We also 　4　 sports equipment to local schools, where you could see their
textbooks and classrooms were in 　5　 condition.We made 　6　, but sometimes they seemed useless.There are so many problems that need to be 　7　, such as environmental damage, illegal hunting, and lack of 　8　 to education.What can one group of volunteers accomplish These are problems that may need to 　9　 many years to address.
So why I choose to be a volunteer After all, it is unpaid and often very hard work.Even though it is easy to get 　10　, most of the time what we are in search of is life’s meaning—to spend our 　11　well and for a good cause.
These are moments I will 　12　 for a long time—the salty air, dozens of zebras eating grass, the sunset over the hills.And also the smiles, the waves of local children, the pleasant sound of laughter among strangers have been 　13　 impressed in my mind.These are the moments that 　14　 me of how proud I am to have been a volunteer.These are the 　15　 that will stay with me forever and remind me of a time, a place and a certain destination.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在肯尼亚的一个自然保护区做志愿者的经历。虽然这份工作没有报酬而且非常辛苦,但对作者来说,这是一个寻找生命意义的过程:总有一段时间或一个地方会让人难以忘怀,这也许就是生命的意义所在。
(　 　)1.A.ability B.design
C.work D.tradition
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“And we also did other…work…”可知,作者来到保护区是有工作要做的,空格处指我们的工作旨在保护野生动物。
C
(　 　)2.A.tough B.potential
C.delicate D.voluntary
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“helping the local people improve their living”可知,空格处指“我们”也做了其他的志愿工作。
D
(　 　)3.A.walked through B.wandered around
C.showed around D.glanced through
【解析】 考查动词短语。根据下文中的“with slow, heavy steps”“picked up”“hunters”可知,空格处指步行穿过森林。
A
(　 　)4.A.donated B.approved
C.Received D.produced
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“There are so many problems…”可知,那里的孩子们学习条件很差,因此志愿者们捐赠了一些体育器材。
A
(　 　)5.A.real B.excellent
C.poor D.original
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“We also…sports equipment to local schools…”可知,他们的课本和教室的条件很不好,设备很差。
C
(　 　)6.A.plans B.decisions
C.appointments D.changes
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“We also…sports equipment to local schools…”及空格后的“but sometimes they seemed useless”可知,捐赠设备确实对当地学校的情况做出了一些改变。
D
(　 　)7.A.solved B.regretted
C.hidden D.realised
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“There are so many problems that need to be…”及下文中的“environmental damage, illegal hunting…”可知,空格处指还有许多问题要解决。
A
(　 　)8.A.attempt B.effort
C.access D.desire
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“where you could see their textbooks and classrooms were in…condition”可推知,这个地方缺乏的是受教育的机会。
C
(　 　)9.A.meet B.doubt
C.live D.take
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“many years to address”可知,空格处指要花费很多年来解决问题。
D
(　 　)10.A.satisfied B.cautious
C.curious D.discouraged
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“After all, it is unpaid and often very hard work.”可知,空格处指志愿者工作有时候是很容易让人气馁的。
D
(　 　)11.A.time B.value
C.rule D.hope
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“most of the time what we are in search of is life’s meaning”可知,空格处指好好利用时间去做一件好事。
A
(　 　)12.A.forgive B.forget
C.remember D.apologise
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“impressed in my mind”可知,空格处指作者会记住这些时刻。
C
(　 　)13.A.deeply B.easily
C.casually D.regularly
【解析】 考查副词。根据空格后的“impressed in my mind”可知,空格处指深深地印在作者的脑海里。
A
(　 　)14.A.inform B.remind
C.warn D.cure
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“…of how proud I am to have been a volunteer”及“remind me of a time, a place and a certain destination”可知,空格处指这些时刻提醒着作者作为一名志愿者是多么得自豪。
B
(　 　)15.A.places B.chances
C.ways D.moments
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“These are the moments that…”可知,空格处同样指这些时刻,与上文构成排比。
D
Ⅴ.语法填空
Scientists found a prehistoric ancestor of an arrow worm (箭虫) among a group of fossils (化石)at two national parks in Canada.The fossils 　1　 (find) in what is now British Columbia, but was once an ocean.
The sea worm was 10 centimetres long and had 50 spines (刺) on 　2　 (it) head.The spines could close suddenly 　3　 (catch) smaller sea creatures.
The scientists say it lived 500 million years ago and is very different 　4　 anything alive now.Scientist Derek Briggs led 　5　 study.He said the creature 　6　 (be) larger than today’s similar worms.The arrow worms of today have teeth instead of spines.
Briggs said the worm was 　7　 (probable) a good hunter because it had so many spines.The scientists said it was difficult to find evidence of these prehistoric worms because their bodies decayed (腐烂) so quickly.But this 　8　 (discover) was in such
good shape that they were able to make a good guess about how the worm looked.
Researchers were able to make a 　9　 (detail) drawing of how they think the worm moved in the ocean.Doug Erwin works for the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC.He was not involved in the research.He said the breakthrough would help scientists 　10　 (well) understand the worms and other life from this ancient period than before.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家从一些化石中发现了形状保持完好的一种箭虫的史前祖先,并介绍了这种虫子的外貌特征和一些专家所做的相关研究,以及这个发现对科学界的重大意义。
1.were found　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据上文可知,此处应用一般过去时;分析句子结构可知,动词和主语构成动宾关系,应使用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语fossils表达复数概念,谓语动词应用复数形式,故填were found。
2.its　【解析】 考查代词。句意:这种海洋虫有10厘米长,并且它的头上有50个刺。根据空格后的head可知,空格处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。
3.to catch　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为could close,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;catch和主语The spines构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词不定式作目的状语。
4.from　【解析】 考查介词。be different from意为“和……不同”,为固定搭配。
5.a　【解析】 考查冠词。句意:科学家Derek Briggs领导了一项研究。study为可数名词单数,此处泛指一项研究,空格处应使用不定冠词;又因study发音以辅音音素开头,空格处应使用a。
6.was　【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文中的said可知,空格处应用一般过去时;又因主语creature表达单数概念,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填was。
7.probably　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰动词was,应使用probable的副词形式probably作状语。
8.discovery　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用discover的名词形式discovery作句子主语。
9.detailed　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰名词drawing,应使用detail的形容词形式detailed作定语。
10.better　【解析】 考查副词的比较等级。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰动词understand,再结合下文中的than可知,空格处应使用副词的比较等级。(共31张PPT)
夯基培优练(四)
Wildlife Protection
Unit 2
(Reading for Writing)
关 键 能 力 练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Passenger pigeons (旅鸽) were the most common birds in all of North America in the 1800s.It was common to see large groups of passenger pigeons—groups that made a sound like a storm.But today, they are extinct because of human behaviour.Now, some scientists want to bring passenger pigeons back to life by using new technology and scientific ideas.They call this process de-extinction.
De-extinction has not happened yet.It is still just an idea.The process of de-extinction is not easy.First, scientists must collect DNA from the bodies of extinct animals.Then they will put it in the eggs of similar animal species.When these animals become adults, they will have babies.And these baby animals will have the DNA of the extinct animals.
Scientists believe it is possible to bring back passenger pigeons and many other animals.However, not everyone thinks this is a good idea.
Stuart Primm is the world’s leading expert on modern animal extinction.He believes that bringing extinct animals back to life is bad for the earth.On the one hand, these animals no longer have a safe place to live.On the other hand, they could cause the death of other animals.
Many other scientists do not agree with Stuart Primm.Stuart Brand, a writer and scientist, is one of them.He believes de-extinction is good for many reasons.
“The current generation of children will experience the return of some unusual animals in their lifetime.It may be part of what defines their generation and their attitude to the natural world.They will take their parents to zoos to see the growing populations of passenger pigeons, and maybe even dodo birds (渡渡鸟).This will provide a good deal of money for zoos which are busy with extinct species restoration(恢复).Humans killed off a lot of species over the last 10,000 years.So, it’s right to bring some back to life,” he said.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了是否应使灭绝物种复活的问题。
(　 　)1.In the 19th century, passenger pigeons 　　　.
A.were common sightings
B.suffered a lot from storms
C.lived mainly in North America
D.were the largest in American history
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Passenger pigeons (旅鸽) were the most common birds in all of North America in the 1800s.”可知,19世纪时旅鸽很常见。
A
(　 　)2.What do we know about de-extinction
A.It will change the DNA of the extinct animals.
B.It was first used in passenger pigeons.
C.It is difficult to carry out.
D.It proved to be useful.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The process of de-extinction is not easy.”及接下来具体介绍使灭绝物种复活的复杂过程可知,复活灭绝物种绝非易事。
C
(　 　)3.How does Stuart Brand feel about de-extinction
A.Wrong.
B.Difficult.
C.Important.
D.Wasteful.
【解析】 观点态度题。根据第五段中的“He believes de-extinction is good for many reasons.”并结合Stuart Brand在最后一段具体陈述复活灭绝物种的好处可知,他认为复活灭绝物种很重要。
C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Endangered Species
An endangered species is a group of animals or plants that could soon become extinct.　1　 Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them.There are many reasons why species become endangered.
Habitat loss is the main factor.And this happens in two ways.When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing for them to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms.　2　 Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms result in the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies.
　3　 Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport.Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.
　4　 We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial punishment.The public can help out by refusing
to buy any product made from these animals’ body parts.Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species.They can also provide funding for animal reserves, to protect animals from extinction by breeding more endangered animals, which they later release into the wild.　5　
A.Our recent measures, however, have helped to improve the situation.
B.Eventually, all the creatures on the earth will enjoy being together.
C.Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.
D.Animals’ homes are also destroyed because of pollution.
E.Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.
F.If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations.
G.So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致物种濒危的几点原因以及个人和政府为了保护濒危物种应该采取的措施。
1.E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到濒危物种指可能很快要灭绝的动物或植物,空格后提到如果人类不采取措施,许多物种将濒临灭绝,空格处会提到物种灭绝是如何发生的,选项E“当一个物种的最后一个个体死亡,并且再也不会有新的个体出现时,就会发生灭绝”承接上文,符合语境。
2.D　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“Habitat loss is the main factor.”可知,本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的原因,再结合下文中的“Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms result in the destruction of animals’ homes and supplies.”可知,空格处会提到污染对动物栖息地的破坏,选项D“动物的家园也因污染而被毁”引起下文,符合语境。
3.C　【解析】 考查段落大意。根据下文可知,本段主要讲述了人类的过度捕杀是造成物种濒危的原因之一,选项C“濒危物种也是狩猎和捕鱼的结果”能够概括本段段落大意。
4.G　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“We should take care not to…”“The public can help out by…”及“Governments can help, too, by…”可知,本段主要讲的是个人和政府可以做些什么来保护濒危物种,选项G“那么,个人和政府可以做些什么来保护濒危物种呢 ”以提问题的形式引出下文,符合语境。
5.F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取的措施,空格处会提到如果我们采取这些措施,会带来什么样的成果,选项F“如果我们大家合作并采取这些措施,我们将为子孙后代保护这些动物”承接上文,符合语境。
Ⅲ.书面表达
宣传海报
文体感知
概念:海报是用来告知公众有关信息的招贴。英文海报通常具有通知性和宣传性,所以其主题要明确且一目了然,语言要简明扼要,形式要新颖美观。
内容安排:
海报的内容一般包括三个部分:
1.标题:根据海报的主题和特点设置标题,应醒目突出。
2.正文:不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍类的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后总结。 对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如活动内容、地点以及参加活动的注意事项、主持或举办单位等。
3.图片:要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。
【素材】
假定你是李华,请结合以下信息,给21世纪报社写一份倡议书,倡议大家关注野生动物的保护,内容包括:
1.野生动物减少的原因:(1)人为捕猎;(2)栖息地遭到破坏;(3)环境污染;
2.需要采取的措施(至少写两条)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇】
1.随着……的发展 　 　
2.处于……的危险中 　 　
体裁 　　
话题 　 　
时态 　　
人称 　　
应用文
倡议保护野生动物
一般现在时和现在进行时为主
第三人称为主
with the development of
be in danger of…
3.灭绝 　 　
4.提高……的意识
　 　
5.有所作为;有影响 　 　
6.因此;结果 　 　
7.促进人与自然的和谐共生
　 　
8.关心自然 　 　
9.该做……的时候了 　 　
die out
raise/arouse the/one’s awareness of doing sth
make a difference
as a consequence
promote the harmony of man and nature
be concerned about nature
it’s high time that…
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ Believe it or not, at present only several thousand…exist…
☆ It is because of…that…
☆ …are in danger of dying out.
☆ The government has taken effective measures to…
☆ People should raise the awareness of…
☆ It’s amazing that there are merely less than…
完成句子
1.如今,随着社会的发展,野生动物的数量正在急剧减少,其中一些正濒临灭绝。
Nowadays, 　 　 society,
　 　 wild animals is declining quickly, some of which 　 　.
2.首先,一些人为了赚钱仍然在猎杀野生动物。　 　, some people are still hunting wild animals 　 　.
with the development of
population of
are in danger of dying out
Primarily
to make profits
3.其次,野生动物的栖息地正在被人类破坏。
　 　, the habitats of wild animals
　 　 by human beings.
4.最后,环境污染也导致了野生动物的死亡。
　 　, the pollution of the environment also
　 　 of wild animals.
In addition
are being destroyed
Eventually
contributes to the death
【妙笔成篇】
Nowadays, with the development of society, the population of wild animals is declining quickly, some of which are in danger of dying out.There are many reasons for this.
Primarily, some people are still hunting wild animals to make profits.In addition, the habitats of wild animals are being destroyed by human beings.Eventually, the pollution of the environment also contributes to the death of wild animals.
_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What can we do to protect wild animals On the one hand, we need to establish and enforce laws to prevent hunting and habitat destruction.On the other hand, we must take effective measures to reduce pollution.Only in these ways can we better protect wild animals.
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共46张PPT)
夯基培优练(二)
Wildlife Protection
Unit 2
(Reading & Thinking)
必 备 知 识 练
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent
　 　 (recover).
2.Officials who were involved in the scandal 　　
(remove) from office the next day.
3.Jack, who is good at swimming, was asked to watch 　 　 the beginners at the swimming pool.
4.I was the first reporter permitted to take pictures of giant pandas in the r　 　.
recovery
were removed
over
eserve
5.The company i　 　 to expand its operations into international markets by the end of the year.
6.Climate change continues to 　 　 (threat) the survival of many species, pushing them closer to extinction.
7.The store offers a wide variety of 　 　 (good), ranging from electronics to handmade crafts.
8.Scientists 　 　 a rare celestial event that occurs only once a century.
ntends
threaten
goods
observed
9.The deep ocean is home to some of the most mysterious
　 　 (create) on Earth, many of which have yet to be studied.
10.The community lives in perfect h　 　 with nature, respecting and preserving the environment around them.
creatures
armony
Ⅱ.短语填空
1.After the operation, the patient is still very weak.It will take him a long time 　 　 the operation.
2.He has 　 　 his family 　 　 the countryside
　 　 the nearby city.
remove…from…to…　 recover from
be intended for make out
be struck by make profits
to recover from
removed
from
to
3.Lego is the most popular toy in the world, which
　 　 people of all ages.
4.It will also make the cinema owners happy if more people go there as they will 　 　 higher 　 　.
5.As far as she could 　 　, there was nothing but low huts (小屋).
6.　 　 what she said, he began to work harder than before.
is intended for
make
profits
make out
Struck by
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★attack n., vi.& vt.攻击;抨击;疾病发作
【归纳拓展】
under attack 受到攻击
a heart attack 心脏病发作
launch an attack on/against…
对……发动攻击
attack sb with sth 用某物攻击某人
【即学即练】
(1)这座城市正受到敌人的攻击。
The city is 　 　 by the enemies.
(2)昨天,他们向敌军发起了突然攻击。
They 　 　 the enemy troops yesterday.
(3)他心脏病发作被送往医院。
He had 　 　 and was sent to the hospital.
(4)小偷用刀攻击了他。
The thief 　 　.
under attack
launched a sudden attack on/against
a heart attack
attacked him with a knife
2.★intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要intention n.意图;目的;意向
【归纳拓展】
intend to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
with the intention of… 怀着……的意图
be intended for…
专为……而设计;专供…… 使用
【即学即练】
(1)他打算明年出国留学。
He 　 　 study abroad next year.
(2)我打算让他来完成这个任务。
I 　 　 finish this task.
(3)这本书是专为儿童设计的。
This book 　 　 children.
(4)他的意图很明显。
His 　 　 is quite obvious.
intends to
intend him to
is intended for
intention
(5)她怀着帮助他人的意图加入了志愿者团队。
She joined the volunteer team 　 　 helping others.
with the intention of
Ⅳ.重要句型
原句:Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
点睛:当only位于句首时,如果后面跟副词、介词短语或从句等状语,要用部分倒装结构,把助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。
注意:only放在句首,强调主语时, 语序不必倒装。
【即学即练】
1.只有通过共同努力,我们才能克服全球社会面临的挑战。
　Only by making joint efforts can we overcome the challenges facing our global community.　
2.只有在理解了教育的重要性后,父母才会对孩子的学习投入更多。
　Only after understanding the importance of education will parents invest more in their children’s learning.　
__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
关 键 能 力 练
Ⅴ.完形填空
Animal Rights
Every conscious being has interests that should be respected.No being who is conscious of being alive should be devalued to thinghood, dominated, and used as a resource or 　1　.The key point of the idea known as “animal rights” is a movement to extend moral consideration to all 　2　 beings.Nobody should have to demonstrate a specific level of intelligence or be judged beautiful to be given moral
consideration.No being should have to be useful to humanity or capable of accepting “duties” in order to be extended moral consideration.　3　, what other animals need from us is to be free from duties to us.
Animal rights is about letting animals live on their own terms.It can be written into our laws, but is not an actual list or bill of rights as we have for human society.It begins with our promises not to act like 　4　 of others.Animal rights is about justice—treating animals fairly.
Why is animal rights 　5　 It is because we humans often act as though we are the only beings on the planet.Although we depend on other animals for our very survival, humans are the only animals that have upset the balance of nature.There are lots of ways that humans 　6　 animals.We domesticate them and use them for food, even though our nutritional needs can be completely supplied by a(n) 　7　 diet.Although other materials are available, we use animals’ skin and other body parts for clothing, furs, hats, boots, jewellery and even pet toys.Humans
can talk about it, but animals cannot.All animals wish to experience life in its fullness.Unlike many animals who have to kill to survive, humans do not.Why should humans cause 　8　 to other beings when it’s not necessary
As we do, animals protect their children; they feel fear; they warn each other of dangers; they play.We might differ from other animals in some ways, but that doesn’t give us the right to 　9　 them down, take their lands, pollute their waters, or use them for our conveniences.Animals also experience pain and it’s
not difficult to observe 　10　 of pain in the way a conscious being reacts to it.We take advantage, cause distress, and act 　11　 when we use animals for amusement.Lots of pets are 　12　 on the streets when their owners no longer find it convenient or affordable to keep or care for them.
Whether we admit it or not, it’s a prejudice to think we are 　13　 to animals and that it is our right to control them, which can only make people act mean, hateful or neglectful.However, each of us has within us the power to 　14　.We can adopt a
different attitude, one that reshapes our destiny.This will have wonderful effects on the planet’s other communities, for life is 　15　 avoiding suffering.It is interacting, singing, pursuing joy.We humans can learn to live responsibly, with respect, kindness and love.　
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了有意识的生物不应该被当作一种资源或商品使用,动物权利就是让动物按照自己的方式生活。文章还指出了动物权利的必要性和人类对动物施行的一系列恶行,建议人类学会带着尊重、善良和爱,负责任地生活。
(　 　)1.A.companies B.goods
C.insects D.providers
【解析】 考查名词。根据空格前的“used as a resource ”可知,此处指动物被当作一种资源或商品使用。
B
(　 　)2.A.active B.conscious
C.intelligent D.strange
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“Every conscious being”可知,空格处指有意识的生物。
B
(　 　)3.A.Indeed B.Moreover
C.Nevertheless D.Otherwise
【解析】 考查副词。根据上文中的“No being should have to be useful to humanity or capable of accepting ‘duties’…”及下文中的“what other animals need from us is to be free from duties to us”可知,此处指对上文的观点的赞同。
A
(　 　)4.A.followers B.friends
C.masters D.tutors
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“Animal rights is about justice─treating animals fairly.”可知,动物权利在于公平地对待动物,而不是像自己是它们的主人那样行事。
C
(　 　)5.A.necessary B.concerned
C.respected D.revolutionary
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“Why should humans cause…to other beings when it’s not necessary ”可知,人类总是在利用动物,所以为了引起人们的重视,动物权利的提出是有必要的。
A
(　 　)6.A.distinguish B.keep
C.exploit D.raise
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“We domesticate them and use them for food…”及“Although other materials are available…and even pet toys.”可知,空格处指人类利用动物的方式。
C
(　 　)7.A.animal-free B.eco-friendly
C.low-salt D.well-balanced
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上下文语境可知,本文一直在论述人类与动物权利这个话题。
A
(　 　)8.A.conflict B.confusion
C.isolation D.pain
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“Animals also experience pain…”可知,人类在不必要的情况下给动物造成了痛苦。
D
(　 　)9.A.calm B.chase
C.pull D.put
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“take their lands”可知,空格处指把动物赶走或杀害,然后占用它们的生存地。
B
(　 　)10.A.signs B.symbols
C.symptoms D.performances
【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“of pain in the way a conscious being reacts to it”可知,空格处指观察动物疼痛的迹象。
A
(　 　)11.A.differently B.similarly
C.gently D.unfairly
【解析】 考查副词。根据下文中的“use animals for amusement”可知,空格处指人类利用动物来娱乐的行为对动物而言是不公平的。
D
(　 　)12.A.abandoned B.chosen
C.oppressed D.spoiled
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“when their owners no longer find it convenient or affordable to keep or care for them”可知,当宠物的主人发现养宠物不方便时,会选择抛弃它们。
A
(　 　)13.A.accessible B.appealing
C.reasonable D.superior
【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格前的“it’s a prejudice to think we are”及空格后的“to control them”可知,空格处指人类认为自己比动物更加优越,这是一种偏见。
D
(　 　)14.A.change B.dominate
C.persist D.proceed
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“We can adopt a different attitude, one that reshapes our destiny.”可知,空格处指每个人都有改变这种情况的力量。
A
(　 　)15.A.contrary to B.more than
C.owing to D.rather than
【解析】 考查短语。根据下文中的“It is interacting, singing, pursuing joy.”可知,生命不仅仅是避免受苦,它还是互动,是唱歌,是追求快乐。
B
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
How Not to Annoy Wild
Animals at National Parks
National parks are a treasure that offer the chance to view native plants and animals in their natural habitat.However, as the number of visitors and wildlife populations increases, humans and animals too often find themselves close in the distance.　1　
Remember that the animals living in national parks are wild.Wild animals can be unpredictable, and in national parks and many state parks, they are not contained.　2　 Never think that it is safe to approach them.
　3　 Stop by the visitor’s centre and take the time to read about the types of wildlife in the park and what to expect.The park service posts these signs to protect you and the wildlife.So, if you see the warning signs, take care.
Make sure you give animals space.The general rule is to keep 25 yards away from all wildlife, and a minimum of 100 yards away from wolves and bears.　4　 If you’re out hiking and you encounter wildlife, stick your thumb out and hold it out at eye level.If your thumb covers the entire animal, you’re a safe distance away from that animal.
Some wild animals look adorable and maybe you think handing them a snack or two won’t hurt.　5　 Feeding wildlife is a bad idea and you risk getting bitten.Moreover, people’s food
is not healthy for animals and it makes them learn that people aren’t a threat.This becomes a vicious cycle (恶性循环) that results in people getting too close and getting hurt.Wild animals have all they need to eat in their environment.
A.But don’t do it.
B.You can follow the “rule of thumb”.
C.In national parks, there are warning signs everywhere.
D.At certain times of the year, wildlife can be more lovely.
E.So it’s important to know how to respect wildlife and stay safe.
F.In another word, they go anywhere within the park as long as they please.
G.You should always pack up food after a picnic stop or at the campground.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于如何不惹恼国家公园里的野生动物的建议。
1.E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“However, as the number of visitors and wildlife populations increases, humans and animals too often find themselves close in the diatance.”可知,空格处会提到人类如何处理与野生动物的关系,选项E“所以,知道如何尊重野生动物并保持安全是很重要的”符合语境。
2.F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到许多公园内的野生动物是无法控制的,空格后提到永远不要认为靠近动物是安全的,空格处会提到野生动物会在公园里随处活动,选项F“换句话说,在公园里只要它们高兴,想去哪儿就去哪儿”符合语境。
3.C　【解析】 考查段落大意。根据下文可知,本段主要讲述了国家公园里的警示标志,选项C“在国家公园里,到处都有警示标志”能概括本段段落大意。
4.B　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“If you’re out hiking and you encounter wildlife…you’re a safe distance away from that animal.”可知,空格处会提到使用拇指判断与动物的距离,选项B“你可以遵循‘拇指法则’”符合语境。
5.A　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文可知,喂养野生动物有一定坏处,空格处会提到不要去喂养野生动物,选项A“但不要这样做”符合语境。

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