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期中考前必做卷03
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）
一、听说应用(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分；A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话)
A.听句子选图片。（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
一、听力选择
1．What’s David’s problem
A． B． C．
【答案】B
【原文】A: What’s the matter, David You look unhappy.
B: I don’t know how to make friends with others. Sometimes I feel lonely.
2．What was the weather like yesterday
A． B． C．
【答案】B
【原文】A: Why did you not finish your homework yesterday, Jack
B: Sorry, Miss Lee. I couldn’t do it because rainy days always make me sad.
3．Which thing did Sam buy as a gift
A． B． C．
【答案】A
【原文】Sam was very happy and he bought a watch for her as a gift.
4．How did Linda feel
A． B． C．
【答案】B
【原文】For Linda, the trip was tiring but she felt very happy.
5．How high is the mountain
A． B． C．
【答案】C
【原文】The height of the mountain is about 1,545 metres.
B.听短对话选答案。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
听一段材料，回答下面第6-7小题。
6．What is Ben’s favourite free-time activity
A．Writing poems. B．Painting pictures. C．Creating apps.
7．Why does he do that
A．To reduce stress. B．To remember beauty. C．To help people.
【答案】6．C 7．C
【原文】W: Hey, Ben. What’s your favorite thing to do in your free time
M: Oh, I love creating apps. It’s my favorite free time activity.
W: That sounds amazing. Why do you like creating apps so much
M: Because I want to make apps that help people solve small problems in their daily lives.
W: Have you made any popular apps so far
M: Yeah, I made an app to help people find nearby bookstores, and it worked very well.
听一段材料，回答下面第8-9小题。
8．How long has the young man had a headache
A．For three days. B．Since last night. C．Since last week.
9．How often should the young man take the medicine
A．Twice a day. B．Four times a day. C．Three times a day.
【答案】8．B 9．C
【原文】A: Good morning, doctor.
B: Morning. What’s your trouble, young man
A: I feel sick and I have a headache.
B: How long have you been like this
A: Since last night.
B: Let me look you over carefully.
A: Is anything wrong with me
B: Yes, but just a cold. Take the medicine 3 times a day and drink more water.
A: Okay. Thanks a lot.
听一段材料，回答下面第10-12小题。
10．Which river are the student and the teacher talking about
A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Yangtze River.
11．How long is the river
A．About 6,300 kilometres.
B．About 6,440 kilometres.
C．About 6,671 kilometres.
12．What will the students learn in the next geography class
A．Amazing rainforests. B．Famous deserts. C．More big rivers.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．C
【原文】W: Good afternoon, Mr Lee, can you tell me something about the Amazon River
M: Sure. What do you want to know
W: Where is the river
M: It is in South America.
W: How long is it
M: It’s about 6,440 kilometres and it runs through a large rainforest.
W: What will we learn in the next geography class
M: More big rivers in the world.
听一段材料，回答下面第13-15小题。
13．How does Kate feel now
A．Upset. B．Nervous. C．Angry.
14．Who gave the smart watch to Kate as a gift
A．Her friend. B．Her mother. C．Her sister.
15．Why did Millie send a message to Kate
A．To return the watch to Kate. B．To say sorry to Kate. C．To ask Kate for a gift.
【答案】13．A 14．C 15．B
【原文】M: Hey, Kate. How is it going
W: Not so good, to be honest.
M: What happened You seem a bit upset.
W: My friend Millie borrowed my smart watch, but she broke it yesterday.
M: What a pity! Is it the smart watch that your mother bought for you
W: No, it’s a gift from my sister. I love it very much.
M: Did you talk with Millie about it
W: No, but she sent a message to me saying that she was sorry for that, and would buy a new one for me.
M: Since she broke it by accident, I think you should make up with her.
C.听短文选答案。（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
16．Where is the lake
A．In Hunan. B．In Hubei. C．In Hainan.
17．How many square kilometres does the lake cover
A．About 800 square kilometres.
B．About 2,500 square kilometres.
C．About 2,600 square kilometres.
18．Why do thousands of people come to visit it every year
A．Because it’s large.
B．Because it’s beautiful.
C．Because it’s deep.
19．How many questions is the lake facing
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
20．What should we do to protect the lake
A．Plant flowers and trees along the lake.
B．Close some factories.
C．Feed some animals along the lake.
【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A
【原文】
Dongting Lake is famous as “800 Li Dongting Lake”. It is in the north of Hunan. It covers about 2,600 square kilometers. It is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China. It is beautiful. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit it. But Dongting Lake is also facing two problems. Some factories put dirty water into the lake, and people throw rubbish into the lake. To protect the lake, we must stop them from doing these things. We should let fish live in the clean water. We should also plant flowers and trees along the lake.
D.听力填空（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请你根据听到的内容，填写下面的表格。短文听两遍。
How to protect our eyes
First It’s important for us to have enough 21 .
Second Don’t read in the sun or on a(n) 22 bus.
Third When we are playing outside, remember to wear 23 .
Fourth When we are working on the computer, remember to rest for a while every 24 minutes.
Lastly We must go to see a doctor right away if there is something 25 with our eyes.
【答案】21．sleep 22．moving 23．sunglasses 24．20/twenty 25．wrong
【原文】
Eyes are very important to us. Here is some advice on how to protect our eyes.
First, it’s important for us to have enough sleep. Second, don’t read in the sun or on a moving bus. Third, when we are playing outside, remember to wear sunglasses. Fourth, when we are working on the computer, remember to rest for a while every twenty minutes. Lastly, we must go to see a doctor right away if there is something wrong with our eyes.
E.情景对话（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A-F六个选项中选出正确选项 (其中一项是多余项)。
A: Good morning, Li Ming. You don’t look well. 26
B: Good morning, Doctor Wang. I don’t feel very well. I have a cough.
A: 27
B: For about two days.
A: Let me check you. Oh, you have a bad cold.
B: What should I do, Doctor
A: 28 And you should drink lots of hot water.
B: 29
A: No, you shouldn’t. You should rest at home.
B: I see. Thank you, Doctor.
A: 30
A．You should take some medicine.
B．What’s the matter with you
C．Should I go to school tomorrow
D．How long have you been like this
E．You’re welcome.
F．I’m sorry to hear that.
【答案】26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了李明因身体不适前往王医生处就诊，医生询问病情、诊断为重感冒，并给出服药、多喝热水和在家休息的治疗建议，两人就此完成问诊对话。
26．医生看到李明状态不好，询问他的身体状况，B项“What’s the matter with you ”符合问诊场景，自然引出李明说明自己咳嗽、身体不适的情况。
27．李明说明症状后，医生询问症状持续的时间，李明回答“For about two days”，D项“How long have you been like this ”与这一回答对应。
28．医生诊断李明得了重感冒后，给出治疗建议，A项“You should take some medicine.”与后文“多喝热水”的建议并列，逻辑连贯。
29．李明听完建议后，询问是否需要去上学，医生回答不应该去，应该在家休息，C项“Should I go to school tomorrow ”衔接自然。
30．李明向医生表达感谢，医生礼貌回应，E项“You’re welcome.”符合对话的礼貌收尾逻辑。
二、语法选择（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
China is a great country with over 5,000 years of history. There are many places of interest which attract 31 tourists from all over the world every year. Some of them are fantastic lakes, beautiful mountains and long rivers. Many mountains, such as Mount Tai, Mount Emei and Mount Hua, are very famous. People go to Mount Tai 32 the sunrise. 33 the rivers, the Yangtze River is the longest one and the 34 one is the Yellow River. They are the birthplaces of Chinese culture.
Have you heard of 35 love story about Xu Xian and the White Snake It is said that the story happened on the West Lake. The West Lake is one of the 36 places that I have ever visited. It is 37 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many tourist attractions there are worth visiting, such as Su Causeway, the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 38 in it.
The West Lake has become 39 its special scenery as well as some beautiful poems. These poems were written by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo. Besides, the surrounding area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Dragon Well Tea. Have you ever been to the West Lake If not, look 40 a chance to go to the wonderful place!
31．A．millions of B．million of C．three millions
32．A．saw B．to see C．seeing
33．A．Between B．Among C．In
34．A．two B．twice C．second
35．A．a B．an C．the
36．A．fantastic B．most fantastic C．more fantastic
37．A．located B．locate C．location
38．A．their B．them C．themselves
39．A．famous for B．famous as C．know as
40．A．at B．for C．up
【答案】
31．A 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国的名胜古迹，包括名山大川、长江黄河，以及西湖的相关传说与特色，展现了中国的历史文化与自然之美。
31．句意：有许多名胜古迹，每年吸引来自世界各地的数百万游客。
表示不确定的大数时，用millions of“数百万的”；million of为错误表达，three millions为错误表达，million前有具体数字时不加s。
32．句意：人们去泰山看日出。
此处表示去泰山的目的是看日出，应用动词不定式to see作目的状语，saw是过去式，seeing是动名词，均不符合语法。
33．句意：在众多河流中，长江是最长的，黄河是第二长的。
Among用于三者及以上的“在……之中”，河流数量多于两条，符合语境；Between用于两者之间，In表示“在……里面”，均不符合。
34．句意：在众多河流中，长江是最长的，黄河是第二长的。
表示“第几”用序数词，second意为“第二”，符合“第二长河”的语境；two是基数词，twice是倍数词，均不符合。
35．句意：你听说过许仙和白蛇的爱情故事吗？
此处特指许仙和白蛇的爱情故事，用定冠词the；a/an表示泛指，不符合语境。
36．句意：西湖是我去过的最棒的地方之一。
“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，most fantastic 是fantastic的最高级，符合结构；fantastic是原级，more fantastic是比较级，均不符合。
37．句意：它位于浙江省杭州市。
be located in是固定短语，意为“位于……”，此处用过去分词located作表语；locate是动词原形，location是名词，均不符合。
38．句意：景色如此迷人，游客常常沉浸其中。
lose oneself in是固定搭配，意为“沉醉于……”，主语是visitors，对应反身代词themselves；their是形容词性物主代词，them是宾格，均不符合。
39．句意：西湖以其独特的风景以及一些优美的诗歌而闻名。
famous for意为“因……而闻名”，后接出名的原因，“独特的风景和诗句” 是西湖闻名的原因，符合语境；famous as意为“作为……而闻名”，后接身份/职业，know as形式错误，均不符合。
40．句意：如果没有，那就找个机会去这个美妙的地方吧！
look for是固定短语，意为“寻找”；look at意为“看”，look up意为“查阅”，均不符合语境。
三、完形填空（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Zhang Jie was a 13-year-old student. He was on his way home last Monday evening. When he was in the lift, it suddenly stopped. Zhang decided to help himself out. Although he felt a little 41 , he still tried to open the lift door. But soon he gave up the 42 and stood against the wall because he thought the lift might fall down suddenly. He then pressed all the buttons (按钮), hoping it would make the lift 43 again, but it didn’t. Zhang then pressed the “stop” button to lock the lift to 44 it would not fall. Without a phone, Zhang tried shouting loudly to get the attention of people outside, but 45 , nobody answered.
46 , the young boy didn’t give up. He passed a 47 through the gap in the lift door to ask for help and hoped someone would pick it up and help him out. He knew it might take a long time before someone found the note. Therefore, he decided to do his homework 48 doing all these. When he almost finished his homework, he was saved at last. On social media, many people 49 the boy. They said he was such a 50 and brave boy that they should learn from him.
No matter how hard the situation is, we should face it and try to solve the problem.
41．A．boring B．alone C．scared D．friendly
42．A．idea B．panic C．aid D．pain
43．A．stop B．work C．arrive D．appear
44．A．make sure B．think about C．point to D．depend on
45．A．quickly B．unfortunately C．luckily D．happily
46．A．Besides B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore
47．A．note B．book C．coin D．message
48．A．before B．after C．when D．as
49．A．praised B．hurt C．caught D．left
50．A．shy B．helpful C．calm D．careless
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．B 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文讲述了13岁男孩张杰在电梯被困后，冷静自救并坚持完成作业的故事，展现了他在困境中的勇气和智慧。
41．句意：虽然他感到有点害怕，但他仍然试图打开电梯门。
电梯突然停止，一般人会感到“害怕”。scared意为“害怕的”，符合被困电梯后的情绪反应。
42．句意：但很快他放弃了这个想法，靠墙站着，因为他认为电梯可能会突然坠落。
前文提到他试图打开门，后来放弃，放弃的是那个“开电梯门的想法”。idea意为“想法”，符合语境。
43．句意：然后他按了所有按钮，希望这能让电梯重新运行，但没有成功。
按按钮的目的是让电梯“运行”。work意为“运作，工作”，符合语境。
44．句意：张杰随后按下“停止”按钮，锁住电梯以确保它不会坠落。
按下“停止”按钮锁死电梯，以确保它不会坠落。make sure意为“确保”，符合搭配。
45．句意：没有手机，张杰大声喊叫试图引起外面人的注意，但不幸的是没有人回应。
喊叫后没人回应，这是“不幸的”。unfortunately意为“不幸地”，符合语境。
46．句意：然而，这个小男孩没有放弃。
前文说没人回应，后文说他没有放弃，前后为转折关系。However意为“然而”，表示转折，符
合逻辑。
47．句意：他通过电梯门的缝隙递了一张纸条，请求帮助，并希望有人能捡到这张纸条并来救他出去。
后文提到“found the note”，所以此处指纸条，应填note。
48．句意：因此，他决定在做完所有这些事情后做作业。
他做完所有这些事（递纸条、冷静等待）之后再写作业。after意为“在……之后”，符合时间顺序。
49．句意：在社交媒体上，许多人称赞这个男孩。
后文说男孩勇敢，人们应是“称赞”他。praised意为“称赞”，符合语境。
50．句意：他们说他是一个如此冷静和勇敢的男孩，应该向他学习。
空处与“brave”并列，描述男孩在困境中的表现，结合上文，他面对困境时表现很“冷静”。calm意为“冷静的”，符合语境。
四、阅读理解（本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
Nail Art Made from Plastic WasteNaomi Arimoto, a Japanese nail artist, loves creating nail art using plastic waste. She often collects tiny pieces of plastic from a Tokyo beach and turns them into decorations, inspired by a community clean-up event by the coast, she wants people to care about ocean pollution (污染). When people see plastic on their nails, they start to think about environmental problems. Her special nail art not only makes nails look nice but also helps spread the idea of protecting the ocean.
Learning Old CharactersStudents in Anyang, Henan, find it really interesting to learn the oracle bone script (甲骨文). At Feixiang Middle School, they practice “oracle bone gymnastics” outdoors. Each move shows an ancient character—bending knees shows “people”, and moving fingers forms “dance”. In the classroom, they also learn to write the characters and make rubbings (拓印). Through these activities, they not only have fun but also get to know China’s ancient culture better. Many students now see learning this old writing as a special and meaningful hobby.
__________ Students in Qingdao, Shandong, have a special hobby—hiking while picking up rubbish. Every weekend, they wear sportswear, carry trash bags, and walk along coastal trails or mountain paths. They collect litter like plastic bottles and sort them into recycling bins. Inspired by their teachers’ environmental lessons, this hobby lets them enjoy fresh air and exercise, and teaches them to protect the environment. More classmates join in, making it popular at school.
51．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news
A．ART &CULTURE. B．SCIENCE & TECH.
C．SPORTS & HEALTH. D．HOBBY & LIFE.
52．What is the main purpose of Naomi Arimoto’s nail art
A．To show her creative design skills. B．To make people think about ocean pollution.
C．To sell her art to people in Tokyo. D．To teach people how to clean beaches.
53．How do students in Anyang learn oracle bone script
A．By reading books in the library. B．By doing gymnastics and making rubbings.
C．By visiting museums every week. D．By watching videos in the classroom.
54．The best heading for the third piece of news would be _______.
A．Hiking with Trash Bags: A Green Hobby B．Coastal Hiking: Fun for Qingdao Students
C．How to Protect the Environment in Qingdao D．Popular Weekend Activities for Middle Schoolers
55．What do all three pieces of news have in common
A．They are all about students’ school activities.
B．They show creative ways to protect the environment.
C．They encourage people to learn Chinese culture.
D．They introduce new hobbies with special meanings.
【答案】51．D 52．B 53．B 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文介绍了三则关于学校活动的新闻：日本美甲师用塑料垃圾制作艺术作品宣传环保；河南安阳学生通过有趣的活动学习甲骨文；山东青岛学生周末徒步捡垃圾。
51．根据“Naomi Arimoto, a Japanese nail artist, loves creating nail art using plastic waste.；Students in Anyang, Henan, find it really interesting to learn the oracle bone script (甲骨文).；Students in Qingdao, Shandong, have a special hobby—hiking while picking up rubbish.”可知，这些都与爱好有关，因此在报纸的“HOBBY & LIFE.”可以读到。
52．根据“Her special nail art not only makes nails look nice but also helps spread the idea of protecting the ocean.”可知，Naomi Arimoto指甲艺术的主要目的是让人们思考海洋污染。
53．根据“At Feixiang Middle School, they practice “oracle bone gymnastics” outdoors. Each move shows an ancient character—bending knees shows “people”, and moving fingers forms “dance”. In the classroom, they also learn to write the characters and make rubbings (拓印).”可知，安阳的学生是通过做体操和拓印来学习甲骨文的。
54．根据“Students in Qingdao, Shandong, have a special hobby—hiking while picking up rubbish.”可知，本段与环保有关，因此选项A：Hiking with Trash Bags: A Green Hobby符合标题。
55．根据“Naomi Arimoto, a Japanese nail artist, loves creating nail art using plastic waste.；Students in Anyang, Henan, find it really interesting to learn the oracle bone script (甲骨文).；have a special hobby—hiking while picking up rubbish.”可知，这三条新闻的共同点是：他们引入了具有特殊意义的新爱好。
B
Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s seen everywhere. Unluckily, many of us have been used to keeping our feelings hidden. Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health.
Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way
First, know what makes us angry. Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on.
Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get
angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. One way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better.
Take some deep breaths or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger.
If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier.
56．According to the text, which of the following about anger is true
A．Few people will keep their feelings hidden. B．Keeping anger hidden will probably do harm to our health.
C．Sometimes anger is a good feeling. D．It’s better to cry out when we are angry.
57．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example. D．By using an old saying.
58．Which of the following is right (X means the time you get angry. Y means the bad influence it will have.)
A． B． C． D．
59．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger
a. Taking some exercise. b. Eating delicious food.
c. Talking about the feelings. d. Doing some controlled breathing.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
60．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．What makes you angry B．Why are you angry
C．When to deal with anger D．How to deal with anger
【答案】56．B 57．B 58．A 59．C 60．D
【导语】本文围绕愤怒这一情绪展开，介绍了愤怒的危害、错误的宣泄方式，并给出了正确处理愤怒情绪的方法，引导人们学会管理情绪，收获更健康快乐的生活。
56．第一段“Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health.”中，“this”指代前文“keeping our feelings hidden”，即隐藏愤怒会对健康造成长期不良影响，B项说法正确。
57．第二段开头提出问题“Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry ”，作者通过提问的方式引出下文对正确处理愤怒情绪的探讨。
58．第二段中“The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be.”说明生气的时间越长，它带来的不良影响就越严重，即X与Y呈正相关，对应正比例上升的直线。
59．文章第四段中指出“One way to deal with anger is to talk about it”，第五段中指出“Take some deep breaths or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger”，说明谈论情绪、深呼吸、做运动都能帮助处理愤怒，即a、c、d正确。
60．本文先介绍愤怒的危害，再重点围绕“how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way”展开，详细介绍了处理愤怒的方法，因此最佳标题是“如何处理愤怒”。
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况介绍，右栏是六则产品介绍，请为每个人选择一个合适的产品。
61 Tom is a seven-year-old boy. He loves learning about the facts of animals and plants. He wants a children’s book with lots of pictures and easy-to-read information. 62 Anna likes reading articles about famous people and different countries. She wants a book that has lots of details and is easy to understand. 63 Wang Mei is a college student. She’s interested in both science and history. She wants a book that has lots of details and interesting information about these subjects. 64 Steve has an interest in Jewish history. He would like to learn more about Jewish culture and important events. 65 Lily wants to read a book that helps her learn about helping people and solving problems. She is interested in social work. A．The World Book EncyclopaediaThis is a big book with lots of pictures. It includes lots of information about countries and famous people. It is easy to read and understand. B．The Encyclopaedia Britannica This is a very famous encyclopaedia. It has lots of details (详情) and is good for learning about history and science. It is a little hard to read, but it has a lot of interesting information. C． The Usborne Children’s Encyclopaedia This encyclopaedia was made for kids. It has lots of fun facts and colorful pictures. It makes learning fun. D．The Encyclopedia of Social Work This is a book about social work. It has information about helping people and solving problems. It is good for people who want to learn about social work. E. The Encyclopaedia Judaica This is a book about Jewish (犹太人的) history and culture. It has lots of information about Jewish traditions and their impact (影响) on the world. It is good for people who want to learn about Jewish culture. F. The Encyclopaedia of Culinary Arts This is a book about cooking and food. It has lots of recipes (食谱) and information about different types of food from around the world. It is good for people who love to cook and want to learn more about culinary traditions.
【答案】61．C 62．A 63．B 64．E 65．D
【导语】本文是一则信息匹配题，左栏是五个人的不同需求，右栏是六则产品介绍，需要为每个人选择最适合他们需求的产品。
61．Tom是一个七岁的孩子，他喜欢了解动植物的知识，他想要一本有很多图片和易于阅读信息的儿童书籍。C选项“The Usborne Children’s Encyclopaedia”是专为儿童设计的百科全书，包含许多有趣的事实和彩色图片，使学习变得有趣，与Tom的需求完全匹配。
62．Anna喜欢阅读关于名人和不同国家的文章，她想要一本有很多细节且易于理解的书籍。A选项“The World Book Encyclopaedia”是一本包含许多图片的大书，其中包含许多关于国家和名人的信息，易于阅读和理解，符合Anna的需求。
63．Wang Mei是一名大学生，她对科学和历史都感兴趣，她想要一本包含很多细节和有趣信息的关于这些主题的书籍。B选项“The Encyclopaedia Britannica”是一本非常著名的百科全书，包含许多细节，适合学习历史和科学，虽然阅读起来有点难，但包含很多有趣的信息，与Wang Mei的需求一致。
64．Steve对犹太历史感兴趣，他想更多地了解犹太文化和重要事件。E选项“The Encyclopaedia Judaica”是一本关于犹太历史和文化的书籍，包含许多关于犹太传统及其对世界影响的信息，适合想要了解犹太文化的人，正好满足Steve的兴趣。
65．Lily想读一本能帮助她了解如何帮助人们和解决问题的书籍，她对社会工作感兴趣。D选项“The Encyclopedia of Social Work”是一本关于社会工作的书籍，包含帮助人们和解决问题的信息，适合想要了解社会工作的人，与Lily的需求完全匹配。
五、选词填空（本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确(每个单词限用一次，每空一词)
join fair draw one surprise compare you skill final good
Simon didn’t get on well with his parents in the past. He hardly talked to them, because they always 66 him with his sister. Simon thought that was very 67 , and he often argued with his parents about this.
Later, Simon wanted to show his parents he could do things as well as his sister. Then he started to spend most of his free time 68 in his bedroom. Luckily, Miss Green, his art teacher, offered him a lot of help. She taught Simon some drawing 69 . With her help, Simon improved a lot.
Simon trusted Miss Green very much. One day, Simon told Miss Green about his problem. Miss Green advised him to 70 a painting competition (绘画比赛). She said to Simon, “The best way to communicate with your parents is to prove (证明) 71 to them.”
72 , the result came out. Simon was very happy and excited, because he got the 73 prize. When he took the prize home, his parents were 74 . They thought it was almost impossible for their son to do such a good job. They were very happy and started to care about Simon. Now relations between Simon and his parents are much 75 than before.
【答案】
66．compared 67．unfair 68．drawing 69．skills 70．join 71．yourself 72．Finally 73．first 74．surprised 75．better
【导语】本文主要讲述了西蒙从和父母关系紧张，到通过努力学画、赢得比赛，最终改善与父母关系的故事。
66．句意：他几乎不跟他们说话，因为他们总是拿他和姐姐比较。本句为原因状语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词。“compare A with B”是固定搭配，表示“拿A和B作比较”，符合此处语境。全文时态为一般过去时，故填compared。
67．句意：西蒙觉得这很不公平，经常为此和父母吵架。本句为宾语从句，从句中“that”是主语，“was”是系动词，空白处需要填入一个形容词作为表语。根据后半句“he often argued with his parents about this”可知，西蒙认为父母拿他和姐姐作比较是不公平的。故填fair的反义词unfair。
68．句意：然后他开始把大部分空闲时间都花在卧室里画画。根据后文的“She taught Simon some drawing .”以及下文的“绘画比赛”可知，此处指西蒙在卧室里画画。“spend time (in) doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填draw的现在分词形式drawing。
69．句意：她教了西蒙一些绘画技巧。根据后一句“With her help, Simon improved a lot.”可知，此处表示格林老师教了西蒙一些绘画技巧。skill是可数名词，前面有some，所以填其复数形式skills。
70．句意：格林老师建议他参加一个绘画比赛。根据下文内容可知，西蒙参加了绘画比赛，故此处表示格林老师建议他参加比赛。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，故填join。
71．句意：和父母沟通最好的方式就是向他们证明你自己。本句是动词不定式作宾语，空格处需要填入一个词作为“prove”的宾语。结合句意可知此处指“证明自己”，在“prove”这一动词后，常接反身代词来表示“证明自己”。故填yourself。
72．句意：最后，比赛结果出来了。句子开头需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，前文讲了西蒙参加比赛，此处说比赛结果出来了，这里是整个事件的最后一步，因此表示“最后”。final是形容词，位于句首需首字母大写，故填其副词形式Finally。
73．句意：西蒙又开心又激动，因为他得了第一名。本句表示原因，根据“Simon was very happy and excited”可知，西蒙取得了好的成绩，故此处表示“第一名”。表示名次要用序数词，故填first。
74．句意：当他把奖状带回家时，他的父母很惊讶。本句缺少表语，空格处需要填入一个形容词。根据后一句“They thought it was almost impossible for their son to do such a good job.”可知，西蒙父母是惊讶的。修饰人的感受要用surprise的形容词形式surprised。
75．句意：现在西蒙和父母的关系比以前好多了。根据后面的“than before”可知，空格处用比较级。结合前一句“They were very happy and started to care about Simon.”可知，西蒙和父母的关系比之前好了很多。故填good的比较级better。
六、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分)
A. 回答问题 (本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，并将答案写在横线上。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
When you are ill, you’ll be unhappy because your body becomes hot and there is pain all over. You don’t want to work and you just stay in bed, feeling terrible.
Germs (细菌) make you ill. There are germs in many places. They are very small and you can’t see them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜). Germs are so tiny that there can be hundreds of them on or in a very small thing.
Germs are always in dirty water. When you look at dirty water under the microscope, you will see them in it. So your parents do not let you drink dirty water.
Germs are found not only in dirty water, but also in air and dust. The air is full of millions of germs. If you cut your finger and some of the dust goes into the cut, the finger will become big and red, and you will feel pain. Sometimes germs will go into your body and you will feel pain everywhere.
It’s important for us to reduce our contact with germs to keep healthy. But what should we do First, we need to wash hands before meals. Second, we should drink boiled and clean water. Boiled water has fewer germs.
76．What makes people ill
___________________________________________________________________________________________
77．How can people see germs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
78．Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water
____________________________________________________________________________________________
79．Where can people find germs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
80．How many suggestions about reducing our contact with germs are mentioned in the passage
____________________________________________________________________________________________
B．书面表达(本题15分)
81．假设你是李明，你打算向学校英语角的“How to Keep Healthy”专栏投稿，谈谈学生的健康
问题。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，写一篇短文。
注意：（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
（2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。
（3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Health Problems
By Li Ming
Students’ health problems are very important.______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】76．Germs make people ill. 77．People can see germs with a microscope. 78．Because there are germs in dirty water. 79．They can find germs not only in dirty water, but also in air and dust. 80．Two.
81．例文：
Health Problems
By Li Ming
Students’ health problems are very important. Nowadays, many students face various health issues.
The main reasons are lack of exercise and unhealthy eating habits. Most of us spend too much time on study or electronic devices.
To keep healthy, we should form the habit of regular exercise, such as running or playing ball games. Also, we need to eat more fruit and vegetables and stay away from fast food. Besides, getting enough sleep every night is also necessary for our body and mind.
Let’s take action to stay healthy from now on!
【导语】本文介绍了细菌对人体健康的影响、细菌存在的环境以及如何减少与细菌接触以保持健康的建议。
76．第二段提到“Germs make you ill.”，说明使人患病的是细菌。
77．第二段提到“They are very small and you can’t see them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope.”，说明人们可以通过显微镜看到细菌。
78．第三段提到“Germs are always in dirty water. When you look at dirty water under the microscope, you will see them in it. So your parents do not let you drink dirty water.”，说明父母不让喝脏水是因为脏水里含有细菌。
79．第四段提到“Germs are found not only in dirty water, but also in air and dust.”，说明细菌不仅存在于脏水中，也存在于空气和灰尘里。
80．最后一段提到“First, we need to wash hands before meals. Second, we should drink boiled and clean water.”，说明文中提到了两条减少与细菌接触的建议
81．写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：健康建议类短文，以一般现在时为主（描述问题、分析原因、提出建议）
明确要点：包含三个方面——学生的健康问题、原因分析、健康建议
确定人称：第一人称复数（we/us/our）
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；可在思维导图基础上适当拓展；不能照抄原文
[第二步：构思布局]
四段式结构：
第一段：引出话题——学生的健康问题很重要，许多学生面临各种健康问题
第二段：分析主要原因——缺乏运动、不健康的饮食习惯、花太多时间在学习或电子产品上
第三段：提出健康建议——规律运动、健康饮食、充足睡眠，呼吁行动
第四段：呼吁从现在开始行动
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：健康问题
问题描述：various health issues/health problems are becoming common
具体表现：lack of exercise/unhealthy eating habits/poor eyesight/obesity
要点二：原因分析
主要原因：lack of exercise and unhealthy eating habits/spend too much time on study or electronic devices/sit for long hours/rarely play sports/prefer junk food
表达方式：The main reasons are.../Most of us spend too much time on...
要点三：健康建议
运动建议：form the habit of regular exercise/run/play ball games
饮食建议：eat more fruit and vegetables/stay away from fast food/drink more water
睡眠建议：get enough sleep every night/go to bed early
表达方式：To keep healthy, we should.../Also, we need to.../Besides...
要点四：呼吁行动
行动号召：take action to stay healthy/start from now on
表达方式：Let’s.../I hope everyone can.../ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
期中考前必做卷03
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）
一、听说应用(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分；A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话)
A.听句子选图片。（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
一、听力选择
1．What’s David’s problem
A． B． C．
2．What was the weather like yesterday
A． B． C．
3．Which thing did Sam buy as a gift
A． B． C．
4．How did Linda feel
A． B． C．
5．How high is the mountain
A． B． C．
B.听短对话选答案。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
听一段材料，回答下面第6-7小题。
6．What is Ben’s favourite free-time activity
A．Writing poems. B．Painting pictures. C．Creating apps.
7．Why does he do that
A．To reduce stress. B．To remember beauty. C．To help people.
听一段材料，回答下面第8-9小题。
8．How long has the young man had a headache
A．For three days. B．Since last night. C．Since last week.
9．How often should the young man take the medicine
A．Twice a day. B．Four times a day. C．Three times a day.
听一段材料，回答下面第10-12小题。
10．Which river are the student and the teacher talking about
A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Yangtze River.
11．How long is the river
A．About 6,300 kilometres.
B．About 6,440 kilometres.
C．About 6,671 kilometres.
12．What will the students learn in the next geography class
A．Amazing rainforests. B．Famous deserts. C．More big rivers.
听一段材料，回答下面第13-15小题。
13．How does Kate feel now
A．Upset. B．Nervous. C．Angry.
14．Who gave the smart watch to Kate as a gift
A．Her friend. B．Her mother. C．Her sister.
15．Why did Millie send a message to Kate
A．To return the watch to Kate. B．To say sorry to Kate. C．To ask Kate for a gift.
C.听短文选答案。（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
16．Where is the lake
A．In Hunan. B．In Hubei. C．In Hainan.
17．How many square kilometres does the lake cover
A．About 800 square kilometres.
B．About 2,500 square kilometres.
C．About 2,600 square kilometres.
18．Why do thousands of people come to visit it every year
A．Because it’s large.
B．Because it’s beautiful.
C．Because it’s deep.
19．How many questions is the lake facing
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
20．What should we do to protect the lake
A．Plant flowers and trees along the lake.
B．Close some factories.
C．Feed some animals along the lake.
D.听力填空（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请你根据听到的内容，填写下面的表格。短文听两遍。
How to protect our eyes
First It’s important for us to have enough 21 .
Second Don’t read in the sun or on a(n) 22 bus.
Third When we are playing outside, remember to wear 23 .
Fourth When we are working on the computer, remember to rest for a while every 24 minutes.
Lastly We must go to see a doctor right away if there is something 25 with our eyes.
E.情景对话（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A-F六个选项中选出正确选项 (其中一项是多余项)。
A: Good morning, Li Ming. You don’t look well. 26
B: Good morning, Doctor Wang. I don’t feel very well. I have a cough.
A: 27
B: For about two days.
A: Let me check you. Oh, you have a bad cold.
B: What should I do, Doctor
A: 28 And you should drink lots of hot water.
B: 29
A: No, you shouldn’t. You should rest at home.
B: I see. Thank you, Doctor.
A: 30
A．You should take some medicine.
B．What’s the matter with you
C．Should I go to school tomorrow
D．How long have you been like this
E．You’re welcome.
F．I’m sorry to hear that.
二、语法选择（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
China is a great country with over 5,000 years of history. There are many places of interest which attract 31 tourists from all over the world every year. Some of them are fantastic lakes, beautiful mountains and long rivers. Many mountains, such as Mount Tai, Mount Emei and Mount Hua, are very famous. People go to Mount Tai 32 the sunrise. 33 the rivers, the Yangtze River is the longest one and the 34 one is the Yellow River. They are the birthplaces of Chinese culture.
Have you heard of 35 love story about Xu Xian and the White Snake It is said that the story happened on the West Lake. The West Lake is one of the 36 places that I have ever visited. It is 37 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many tourist attractions there are worth visiting, such as Su Causeway, the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 38 in it.
The West Lake has become 39 its special scenery as well as some beautiful poems. These poems were written by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo. Besides, the surrounding area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Dragon Well Tea. Have you ever been to the West Lake If not, look 40 a chance to go to the wonderful place!
31．A．millions of B．million of C．three millions
32．A．saw B．to see C．seeing
33．A．Between B．Among C．In
34．A．two B．twice C．second
35．A．a B．an C．the
36．A．fantastic B．most fantastic C．more fantastic
37．A．located B．locate C．location
38．A．their B．them C．themselves
39．A．famous for B．famous as C．know as
40．A．at B．for C．up
三、完形填空（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Zhang Jie was a 13-year-old student. He was on his way home last Monday evening. When he was in the lift, it suddenly stopped. Zhang decided to help himself out. Although he felt a little 41 , he still tried to open the lift door. But soon he gave up the 42 and stood against the wall because he thought the lift might fall down suddenly. He then pressed all the buttons (按钮), hoping it would make the lift 43 again, but it didn’t. Zhang then pressed the “stop” button to lock the lift to 44 it would not fall. Without a phone, Zhang tried shouting loudly to get the attention of people outside, but 45 , nobody answered.
46 , the young boy didn’t give up. He passed a 47 through the gap in the lift door to ask for help and hoped someone would pick it up and help him out. He knew it might take a long time before someone found the note. Therefore, he decided to do his homework 48 doing all these. When he almost finished his homework, he was saved at last. On social media, many people 49 the boy. They said he was such a 50 and brave boy that they should learn from him.
No matter how hard the situation is, we should face it and try to solve the problem.
41．A．boring B．alone C．scared D．friendly
42．A．idea B．panic C．aid D．pain
43．A．stop B．work C．arrive D．appear
44．A．make sure B．think about C．point to D．depend on
45．A．quickly B．unfortunately C．luckily D．happily
46．A．Besides B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore
47．A．note B．book C．coin D．message
48．A．before B．after C．when D．as
49．A．praised B．hurt C．caught D．left
50．A．shy B．helpful C．calm D．careless
四、阅读理解（本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
Nail Art Made from Plastic WasteNaomi Arimoto, a Japanese nail artist, loves creating nail art using plastic waste. She often collects tiny pieces of plastic from a Tokyo beach and turns them into decorations, inspired by a community clean-up event by the coast, she wants people to care about ocean pollution (污染). When people see plastic on their nails, they start to think about environmental problems. Her special nail art not only makes nails look nice but also helps spread the idea of protecting the ocean.
Learning Old CharactersStudents in Anyang, Henan, find it really interesting to learn the oracle bone script (甲骨文). At Feixiang Middle School, they practice “oracle bone gymnastics” outdoors. Each move shows an ancient character—bending knees shows “people”, and moving fingers forms “dance”. In the classroom, they also learn to write the characters and make rubbings (拓印). Through these activities, they not only have fun but also get to know China’s ancient culture better. Many students now see learning this old writing as a special and meaningful hobby.
__________ Students in Qingdao, Shandong, have a special hobby—hiking while picking up rubbish. Every weekend, they wear sportswear, carry trash bags, and walk along coastal trails or mountain paths. They collect litter like plastic bottles and sort them into recycling bins. Inspired by their teachers’ environmental lessons, this hobby lets them enjoy fresh air and exercise, and teaches them to protect the environment. More classmates join in, making it popular at school.
51．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news
A．ART &CULTURE. B．SCIENCE & TECH.
C．SPORTS & HEALTH. D．HOBBY & LIFE.
52．What is the main purpose of Naomi Arimoto’s nail art
A．To show her creative design skills. B．To make people think about ocean pollution.
C．To sell her art to people in Tokyo. D．To teach people how to clean beaches.
53．How do students in Anyang learn oracle bone script
A．By reading books in the library. B．By doing gymnastics and making rubbings.
C．By visiting museums every week. D．By watching videos in the classroom.
54．The best heading for the third piece of news would be _______.
A．Hiking with Trash Bags: A Green Hobby B．Coastal Hiking: Fun for Qingdao Students
C．How to Protect the Environment in Qingdao D．Popular Weekend Activities for Middle Schoolers
55．What do all three pieces of news have in common
A．They are all about students’ school activities.
B．They show creative ways to protect the environment.
C．They encourage people to learn Chinese culture.
D．They introduce new hobbies with special meanings.
B
Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s seen everywhere. Unluckily, many of us have been used to keeping our feelings hidden. Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health.
Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way
First, know what makes us angry. Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on.
Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get
angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. One way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better.
Take some deep breaths or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger.
If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier.
56．According to the text, which of the following about anger is true
A．Few people will keep their feelings hidden. B．Keeping anger hidden will probably do harm to our health.
C．Sometimes anger is a good feeling. D．It’s better to cry out when we are angry.
57．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example. D．By using an old saying.
58．Which of the following is right (X means the time you get angry. Y means the bad influence it will have.)
A． B． C． D．
59．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger
a. Taking some exercise. b. Eating delicious food.
c. Talking about the feelings. d. Doing some controlled breathing.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
60．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．What makes you angry B．Why are you angry
C．When to deal with anger D．How to deal with anger
C
配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况介绍，右栏是六则产品介绍，请为每个人选择一个合适的产品。
61 Tom is a seven-year-old boy. He loves learning about the facts of animals and plants. He wants a children’s book with lots of pictures and easy-to-read information. 62 Anna likes reading articles about famous people and different countries. She wants a book that has lots of details and is easy to understand. 63 Wang Mei is a college student. She’s interested in both science and history. She wants a book that has lots of details and interesting information about these subjects. 64 Steve has an interest in Jewish history. He would like to learn more about Jewish culture and important events. 65 Lily wants to read a book that helps her learn about helping people and solving problems. She is interested in social work. A．The World Book EncyclopaediaThis is a big book with lots of pictures. It includes lots of information about countries and famous people. It is easy to read and understand. B．The Encyclopaedia Britannica This is a very famous encyclopaedia. It has lots of details (详情) and is good for learning about history and science. It is a little hard to read, but it has a lot of interesting information. C． The Usborne Children’s Encyclopaedia This encyclopaedia was made for kids. It has lots of fun facts and colorful pictures. It makes learning fun. D．The Encyclopedia of Social Work This is a book about social work. It has information about helping people and solving problems. It is good for people who want to learn about social work. E. The Encyclopaedia Judaica This is a book about Jewish (犹太人的) history and culture. It has lots of information about Jewish traditions and their impact (影响) on the world. It is good for people who want to learn about Jewish culture. F. The Encyclopaedia of Culinary Arts This is a book about cooking and food. It has lots of recipes (食谱) and information about different types of food from around the world. It is good for people who love to cook and want to learn more about culinary traditions.
五、选词填空（本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确(每个单词限用一次，每空一词)
join fair draw one surprise compare you skill final good
Simon didn’t get on well with his parents in the past. He hardly talked to them, because they always 66 him with his sister. Simon thought that was very 67 , and he often argued with his parents about this.
Later, Simon wanted to show his parents he could do things as well as his sister. Then he started to spend most of his free time 68 in his bedroom. Luckily, Miss Green, his art teacher, offered him a lot of help. She taught Simon some drawing 69 . With her help, Simon improved a lot.
Simon trusted Miss Green very much. One day, Simon told Miss Green about his problem. Miss Green advised him to 70 a painting competition (绘画比赛). She said to Simon, “The best way to communicate with your parents is to prove (证明) 71 to them.”
72 , the result came out. Simon was very happy and excited, because he got the 73 prize. When he took the prize home, his parents were 74 . They thought it was almost impossible for their son to do such a good job. They were very happy and started to care about Simon. Now relations between Simon and his parents are much 75 than before.
六、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分)
A. 回答问题 (本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，并将答案写在横线上。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
When you are ill, you’ll be unhappy because your body becomes hot and there is pain all over. You don’t want to work and you just stay in bed, feeling terrible.
Germs (细菌) make you ill. There are germs in many places. They are very small and you can’t see them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope (显微镜). Germs are so tiny that there can be hundreds of them on or in a very small thing.
Germs are always in dirty water. When you look at dirty water under the microscope, you will see them in it. So your parents do not let you drink dirty water.
Germs are found not only in dirty water, but also in air and dust. The air is full of millions of germs. If you cut your finger and some of the dust goes into the cut, the finger will become big and
red, and you will feel pain. Sometimes germs will go into your body and you will feel pain everywhere.
It’s important for us to reduce our contact with germs to keep healthy. But what should we do First, we need to wash hands before meals. Second, we should drink boiled and clean water. Boiled water has fewer germs.
76．What makes people ill
___________________________________________________________________________________________
77．How can people see germs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
78．Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water
____________________________________________________________________________________________
79．Where can people find germs
____________________________________________________________________________________________
80．How many suggestions about reducing our contact with germs are mentioned in the passage
____________________________________________________________________________________________
B．书面表达(本题15分)
81．假设你是李明，你打算向学校英语角的“How to Keep Healthy”专栏投稿，谈谈学生的健康
问题。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，写一篇短文。
注意：（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
（2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。
（3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Health Problems
By Li Ming
Students’ health problems are very important.______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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