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https://book.21cnjy.com/studio/detail id=2032
Why do we explore nature
(Section B 2a—2c)
人教版（2024） 八年级下册
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 梳理本单元出现的反义词，并掌握其用法。
2. 掌握“How + adj. /adv.”结构，并学会使用该结构
询问数量、频率、速度等。
2. 通过了解贝加尔湖，理解描述自然景观的词汇在
实际语境中的运用，认同保护自然奇观的重要性。
Learning objectives
Review
Answer the questions.
What is the lowest place on earth
It’s the Dead Sea.
What is the biggest desert in the world
It’s Sahara Desert.
What is the longest river in China
It’s the Yangtze River.
What is the deepest point in the ocean
It’s Mariana Trench.
What is the highest mountain in the world
It’s Mount Qomolangma.
Reaching
New Heights
one of the _________ wonders
the ________ place on earth
temperatures can fall to ___________, _____ air,
high ______, and ___________ weather.
called the “________ Road”.
1960
1975
2020
arrived at the ________ step, at 8,600 meters.
stepped on Liu’s __________ to make it past.
the Chinese _________ flag flew above it for the first time.
brought a _______ to the second step.
______ 2007, this “Chinese Ladder” were used to reach the top much ________.
_________ its height ---8,848.86 metres.
human _________ and __________.
it is simply “_________________.”
greatest
highest
-30 degrees
thin
cliffs
changeable
Death
Second
shoulders
national
ladder
Until
faster
measured
curiosity
ambition
Difficulties
and dangers
Achievements of Chinese teams
Reasons for climbing
Because it’s there
Sahara Desert
Mount Qomolangma
Nile River
Tenggeli Desert
Mount Tai
Yangtze River
big
small
high
low
long
short
Look and compare.
____ 1. below ____ 2. common
____ 3. low ____ 4. dead
____ 5. top ____ 6. northern
____ 7. risky ____ 8. survive
D
E
G
F
B
C
A
H
E. unusual
F. living
G. high
H. die
A. safe
B. bottom
C. southern
D. above
Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right.
2a
Classify the following words by part of speech (按词性分类).
below
safe
common
bottom
low
southern
dead
above
top
unusual
northern
living
risky
high
survive
die
common — unusual; low — high;
dead — living; risky — safe
northern — southern
low — high;below — above
survive — die
below — above
top — bottom
adj.
adv.
v.
prep.
n.
Read the examples and make more sentences using how and the words in the box.
How far is it from your home to school How heavy is a blue whale
How large is your country How often do you exercise
2b
long high deep old fast soon
1 . 2 .
3 . 4 .
5 . 6 .
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
How long is the Yellow River
How high is Mount Qomolangma
How old is your grandfather
How fast can a lion run
How soon will the rainy season start in this area
How deep is the Mariana Trench
Check the answers.
Last class, we followed the Chinese climbing team to explore Mount Qomolangma, the world's highest mountain, and learned more facts about it. This class we’ll follow another exploration team to explore another natural wonder.
Let’s watch a video then answer the question.
What wonder will we learn this class
Which country did it belong to in the past
Lake Baikal.
It belonged to China.
历史背景：
贝加尔湖在历史上仅被中原王朝短暂管辖，最终通过清代条约正式划归俄罗斯。
贝加尔湖古称北海，最早在西汉时期与中原文明有了明确联结，当时苏武出使匈奴被扣押，流放至此牧羊十九年，但此时汉朝并未对其实施管辖。东汉至魏晋南北朝，这片区域先后被鲜卑、柔然、突厥等游牧民族掌控，始终未纳入中原王朝版图。唐朝时期，贞观四年（630年）唐朝灭东突厥，设立燕然都护府，后改称安北都护府，管辖贝加尔湖周边地区，实行羁縻统治，但公元682年后突厥复国，693年攻陷漠北，唐朝失去对贝加尔湖的控制。元朝时期，贝加尔湖作为行省辖地，设有驿站、驻军，实施常态化治理，彻底纳入中国行政区划体系。明朝时期，中国影响力未延伸到这一地区。清朝初期，贝加尔湖周边属于喀尔喀蒙古领地，清朝并未直接驻军管辖。17世纪沙俄持续东扩，逐步占领贝加尔湖两岸，实际控制了这片区域。为解决边境争端，清朝与沙俄展开谈判，先后签订《尼布楚条约》和《恰克图条约》等，最终确定贝加尔湖的归属，这是中俄首次以国际法形式界定边境，贝加尔湖完全脱离中国版图，法理归属确定无疑。综上所述，贝加尔湖并非自古就是中国领土，历史上仅在唐朝、元朝被中原王朝纳入版图，两段管辖时长相加约150年，其余两千多年间，大多由北方游牧民族或沙俄控制。清朝签订条约放弃贝加尔湖，并非战败割地，而是为集中精力平定准噶尔叛乱，在平等谈判中做出的地缘妥协，这一划分也被后世国际法认可，如今中俄边界已全部划定，贝加尔湖的归属无任何争议。
Let’s watch another video then answer these questions.
What is the wonder
Where is it
It is __________________________ in the world.
How _______ is it and how big is its surface
Lake Baikal. It is one of the world’s most famous lakes.
It is located in Siberia, Russia.
the deepest freshwater lake
deep
It is 1,620 metres. Its surface covers 31,500 square kilometres.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. It is the ________ freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must _______ 1,620 metres! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its _________ covers 31,500 square kilometres. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1,200 different types of animals can still ________ in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. After all, it is a great natural _________!
deepest
dive
surface
2c
deep survive wonderful surface dive
survive
wonder
Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers.
curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的
Language points
① be curious about sth. 对某事感到好奇
② be curious to do sth. 急于做某事
③ It's curious that... ......很奇怪
I'm curious about how the machine works.
我对这台机器如何工作感到好奇。
She is curious to know the secret. 她急于想知道这个秘密。
It is curious that he didn't show up at the party.
他没有在晚会上出现，很奇怪。
curiosity n. 好奇心
Section B (2a－2c)
Vocabulary in Use:
risky, southern, located, freshwater, types, attracts, curious, traveller, natural
Summary
Reading:
A passage about Lake Baikal.
Exercise
I. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. Taihu Lake is the third largest ____________ (淡水的) lake in China.
2. Shanghai is the most developed city in the _________ (南方的) part of
China.
3. The beautiful scenery in the park can __________ (吸引) many visitors
every day.
4. Children are always _________ (好奇的) about new and interesting
things around them.
5. We can enjoy fresh air and beautiful __________(自然的) views in the
countryside.
freshwater
southern
attract
curious
natural
II. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Shanxi Provice is full of amazing ________ (nature) and cultural
treasures.
2. The sign says that it is _______ (risk) for people to swim in such a
deep river.
3. Most of the ___________ (change) are from Africa. They like
China very much.
4. The Olympic Park _________ (attract) people from all over the
world evry year.
5. Jianghuai, ________ (locate) in the eastern part of China, is an
important grain field.
natural
risky
travellers
attracts
located
Homework
1. Review the words and language points in this lesson.
2. Read the passage fluently and try to retell it by yourself.
Must do:
Describe an amazing wonder either in your hometown or one that you are familiar with.
Try to do:
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