资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Nature’s Temper
课时5 Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c 分层作业
核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶
1.基础达标
一、单词默写。
1. ____________ [ l ndsla d] n. 滑坡；塌方 2. ____________ [ se fɡɑ d] v. 保护 n. 安全设施
3. ____________ [ fl dw t (r)] n. 洪水 4. ____________ [ m npa (r)] n. 人力；劳动力
5. ____________ [ hɑ tbi t] n. 心跳 6. ____________ [ reskju ] n. & v. 救援
7. ____________ [ hi twe v] n. 热浪 8. ____________ [s ns] prep. 自……以来；conj. 既然
9. ____________ [ sa θ west n] adj. 西南的 10. ____________ [ fa fa t (r)] n. 消防队员
11. ____________ [ v l n t (r)] n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 12. ____________ [dra t] n. 干旱
13. ____________ [ wa ldfa (r)] n. 野火 14. ____________ [r fju z] v. 拒绝
15. ____________ [w n] v. 警告
【答案】1.landslide; 2.safeguard; 3.floodwater; 4.manpower; 5. heartbeat; 6.rescue; 7.heatwave; 8.since; 9.southwestern;10. firefighter; 11.volunteer;12. drought; 13.wildfire; 14.refuse; 15. warn
短语默写。
1. (地震)袭击 ____________________ 2. (台风)登陆 ____________________
3. (海啸)席卷 ____________________ 4. 席卷 ____________________
5. 灭火 ____________________ 6. 把……带到安全的地方 ____________________
7. 警告他人远离 ____________________ 8. 与火灾搏斗 ____________________
9. 拒绝放弃 ____________________ 10. 设法做成某事 ____________________
11. 到……结束时 ____________________ 12. 共同努力 ____________________
13. 保护……安全 ____________________ 14. 远离 ____________________
15. 因为；由于 ____________________ 16. 高温 ____________________
17. 多变的风 ____________________ 18. 救援人员 ____________________
【答案】1. hit / rock / happen / take place;2. hit / land / blow across; 3. hit / come / sweep through; 4. sweep through;5. put out fires; 6. bring...to safety; 7. warn others to stay away; 8. fight the fires ;9. refuse to give up
10. manage to do; 11. by the end of; 12. work together; 13. keep...safe; 14. stay away from; 15. because of
16. high temperatures; 17. changeable winds; 18. rescue workers
三、根据要求完成句子
1. 昨天日本发生了地震。
An earthquake ______ Japan yesterday.
2. 昨晚9点台风登陆了。
A typhoon ______ at 9 o'clock last night.
3. 海啸席卷了村庄。
The tsunami ______ ______ the village.
4. 2022年8月，中国经历了一场大热浪，是1961年以来最严重的一次。
In August 2022, China ______ a great heatwave, the worst ______ 1961.
5. 它在全国不同地区造成了干旱。
It ______ ______ in different parts of the country.
6. 热浪严重袭击了西南城市重庆。
The heatwave ______ the southwestern city of Chongqing very ______.
7. 大型野火席卷了那里的森林和山区。
Large ______ ______ through the forests and mountains there.
8. 超过5000名消防员、警察和志愿者共同努力。
Over 5,000 ______, police, and ______ all worked together.
9. 他们扑灭了大火。
They ______ ______ the fires.
10. 他们把1500多人带到了安全的地方。
They brought more than 1,500 people to ______.
11. 他们警告其他人远离危险区域。
They ______ others to ______ ______ from dangerous areas.
12. 由于高温和多变的风，灭火非常困难。
It was very hard to ______ the fires ______ ______ the high temperatures and changeable winds.
13. 救援人员拒绝放弃。
The rescue workers ______ ______ give up.
14. 到8月底，他们设法扑灭了所有大火。
______ the end of August, they ______ to put out all the fires.
15. 救援人员需要更多的人力来清理街道。
The rescue workers need more ______ to clear the streets.
16. 城市沿着海岸建墙来保护附近的建筑。
The city built walls along the coast to ______ the buildings near it.
7. 医生仔细听了那个男人的心跳。
The doctor listened to the man's ______ carefully.
【答案】1. hit;2. landed;3. swept; through;4. experienced; since;5. caused; drought;6. hit; hard
7. wildfires; swept; 8. firefighters; volunteers; 9. put; out; 10. safety; 11. warned; stay; away; 12. fight; because; of
13. refused; to ; 14. By; managed; 15. manpower; 16. safeguard; 17. heartbeat
同义句转换。
1. An earthquake hit Japan yesterday.
→ An earthquake ______ ______ in Japan yesterday.
2. The tsunami swept through the village.
→ The tsunami ______ ______ the village.
3. They brought more than 1,500 people to safety.
→ More than 1,500 people ______ ______ to safety.
4. The rescue workers refused to give up.
→ The rescue workers ______ ______ give up.
5. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
→ By the end of August, they ______ ______ putting out all the fires.
【答案】1. took; place;2. went; through; 3. were; brought; 4. didn't; want; to / wouldn't; 5. succeeded; in
2.能力提升
五、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. An earthquake ______ (hit) Japan yesterday morning.
2. A typhoon ______ (land) on the coast at 9 o'clock last night.
3. The tsunami ______ (sweep) through the village and destroyed many houses.
4. In August 2022, China ______ (experience) a great heatwave.
5. Large wildfires ______ (sweep) through the forests in Chongqing.
6. Over 5,000 firefighters ______ (work) together to fight the fires.
7. They brought more than 1,500 people to ______ (safe).
8. By the end of August, they ______ (manage) to put out all the fires.
【答案】1. hit; 2. landed; 3. swept; 4. experienced; 5. swept; 6. worked; 7. safety; 8. managed
六、选词填空。
with hurt hard trouble when mix care burn passenger kid
Last summer, a big forest fire broke out near our town. Firefighters arrived quickly, but they couldn’t stop it. That’s because the winds were strong, 1 the flames (火焰) with dry leaves, making it spread faster.
It was a real disaster. The fire 2 for days, destroying (毁灭) trees and houses nearby. Some firefighters got 2 —their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned—but they kept working. Even 4 their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed.
Why couldn’t they put it out Because 5 fires grow too big, they become very dangerous. The heat is too high, and the winds make it 6 to control.
This shows how important forest fire prevention is. Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out, can prevent big 7 .
For us 8 , what can we do First, never play with matches in the woods. If we see the start of a fire, tell an adult right away. Don’t try to put it out by ourselves—we might get hurt.
Fear of fires won’t help. If we are 9 and responsible, we can help prevent them from happening in the first place. Just like 10 follow rules on a bus to stay safe, we must follow forest rules to protect nature. It’s a must for everyone to prevent fires.
【答案】
1．mixing 2．burned 3．hurt 4．with 5．when 6．hard 7．troubles 8．kids 9．careful 10．passengers
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了去年夏天发生在小镇附近的一场严重森林火灾，分析了火灾难以扑灭的原因，并强调了森林防火的重要性，呼吁大家特别是孩子们要负起责任、遵守规则，预防火灾。
1．句意：那是因为风很大，将火焰和干树叶混合在一起，使其蔓延得更快。根据空后“the flames (火焰) with dry leaves”可知，此处表示“将……和……混合”，应用 mix…with… 结构。mixing为现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动和伴随，即“风很大，（同时）将火焰和树叶混合在一起”，说明风大带来的伴随结果。故填mixing。
2．句意：大火燃烧了数天，摧毁了附近的树木和房屋。根据“It was a real disaster.”可知，时态为一般过去时，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。burn的过去式为burned。故填burned。
3．句意：一些消防员受伤了——他们的手、脸、胳膊和腿都被烧伤了——但他们继续工作。根据后文“their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned”可知，消防员受伤了。get hurt是固定搭配，意为“受伤”。故填hurt。
4．句意：尽管他们尽了最大努力，大部分森林还是被摧毁了。根据“their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed”可知，尽管消防员努力，但森林仍被摧毁，表示让步关系。with one’s best efforts 是固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力”。故填with。
5．句意：因为当火灾变得太大时，它们就会变得非常危险。根据“fires grow too big, they become very dangerous”可知，此处表示时间条件，即“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
6．句意：热量太高，风力使其难以控制。根据“The heat is too high”可知，火灾难以控制，此处应用形容词hard作宾补，构成make it hard to do sth.结构，意为“使做某事变得困难”。故填hard。
7．句意：即使是小的行为，比如确保营火完全熄灭，也可以防止大麻烦。根据“Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out”可知，防止的是大麻烦或问题，应用名词trouble的复数形式troubles，表示泛指。故填troubles。
8．句意：对于我们孩子来说，我们能做什么？根据下文“First, never play with matches in the woods.”以及语境可知，此处是针对孩子们说的，应用kid的复数形式kids。故填kids。
9．句意：如果我们细心且负责任，我们就能从一开始就帮助防止火灾发生。根据并列形容词responsible可知，此处也应用形容词作表语，表示“细心的”，careful符合语境。故填careful。
10．句意：就像乘客在公交车上遵守规则以确保安全一样，我们必须遵守森林规则以保护自然。根据“follow rules on a bus”可知，此处指公交车上的乘客，应用passenger的复数形式passengers，表示泛指。故填passengers。
3.拓展培优
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Last month, a heavy rainstorm hit Emily’s hometown. 1 Soon, the flood (洪水) came.
Emily was at home with her parents. The water was getting higher and higher, and it started to come into their house. They were very scared. 2 It was a firefighter (消防员). He said, “Don’t worry! I will take you to a safe place.”
The firefighter helped them put on life jackets. Then, he carried Emily on his back and held her parents’ hands. They walked slowly through the flood. On the way, they saw many houses were under the water, and cars were floating (漂浮) around.
3 Many people were already there. They were safe. Emily was so thankful to the firefighter. “Thank you very much for saving us,” she said. The firefighter smiled and said, “That’s what I should do. Helping people in danger is my job.”
After the flood, Emily leaned a lot. 4 And there are always kind people like the firefighter who are ready to help others.
A．Everyone was in danger.
B．Finally, they got to a high place.
C．Just then, they heard a knock at the door.
D．The rain kept falling for days, and the river water rose quickly.
E．She understood that when facing difficulties, we should stay calm and help each other.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Emily的家乡遭遇暴雨和洪水，她和父母被消防员救出的故事。
1．根据“Soon, the flood (洪水) came.”可知，此处介绍造成洪水的原因，选项D“雨连续下了好几天，河水迅速上涨了。”符合语境。故选D。
2．根据“Emily was at home with her parents. The water was getting higher and higher, and it started to come into their house.”和“It was a firefighter (消防员).”可知，选项C“就在这时，他们听到有人敲门。”符合语境，用于引出下文消防员出现并解救他们。故选C。
3．根据“Many people were already there.”可知，此处介绍某一个地方，选项B“最后，他们到达了一个高处。”符合语境。故选B。
4．根据“After the flood, Emily leaned a lot.”可知，此处介绍她所学到的东西，选项E“她明白，面对困难时，我们应该保持冷静，互相帮助。”符合语境。故选E。
八、阅读理解。
I’m a little rabbit named Lulu, living in a beautiful valley with my family and friends: Brother Deer, Little Fox, Tiny Mouse, and Little Fox’s brother. We love playing in the stream (溪流) and running on the green hills. Life was perfect—until one rainy week.
It rained heavily for four days. On the fifth morning, Dad was teaching me how to find berries (浆果) when a deep rumble (隆隆响) shook the ground. “Mudslide!” Mom shouted, pushing me forward. I turned to see brown waves coming down the mountain, crashing (坠落) through trees. Dad ran to help my sister Lily, who was frozen in fear, while Mom was helping Grandma.
“Wait!” shouted Little Fox. Her brother was stuck in the mud (泥), crying. Dad didn’t hesitate (犹豫). He pulled him with strong paws (爪). Tiny Mouse and I pushed and Brother Deer helped get his legs out of the mud. We freed him just in time. Then we quickly climbed to higher, safe ground.
Watching our home disappearing, Grandma sighed (叹气) and said, “Next time, let’s live somewhere higher and drier.” Dad nodded with his paws around me and Lily. The disaster was terrible, but with family and friends, we got through it together.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How was Lulu’s life in the valley
A．Lively. B．Perfect. C．Beautiful. D．Interesting.
2．What do we know about the “Mudslide”
A．It doesn’t hurt animals at all. B．It usually comes softly and quietly.
C．It happens with water, earth and stones. D．It is a kind of disaster appearing on fine days.
3．How many members are there in Lulu’s family
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
4．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Why the fox was stuck in mud. B．What the animals did to free Little Fox.
C．How they helped the fox get out of danger. D．What everyone thought about the mudslide.
5．What is the right order of the whole passage
① Helping each other. ② Learning valuable lessons. ③ Facing a terrible disaster. ④ Enjoying life in the valley.
A．④③①② B．④②③① C．①④②③ D．①③②④
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小兔子Lulu和家人在山谷中的生活，以及一次泥石流灾害中大家互相帮助、共同脱险的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据“Life was perfect—until one rainy week.”可知，在灾害发生前，Lulu在山谷中的生活是完美的。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“I turned to see brown waves coming down the mountain, crashing (坠落) through trees.”以及常识可知，泥石流是夹杂着水、泥土和石头的灾害。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据后文提到的“Dad”、“my sister Lily”、“Mom”和“Grandma”可知，Lulu的家庭成员包括：爸爸、妈妈、奶奶、妹妹Lily和Lulu自己，共5人。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了Little Fox的哥哥陷入泥中，大家合力将他救出的过程。选项C“他们如何帮助狐狸脱离危险”准确概括了本段内容。故选C。
5．篇章结构题。文章按照时间顺序叙述：先是在山谷中享受生活（④），然后遭遇泥石流灾害（③），接着大家互相帮助脱险（①），最后从经历中吸取教训（②）。正确顺序为④③①②。故选A。
九、任务型阅读。
A magnitude-7.4 earthquake happened in Taiwan on 3 April 2024. It killed several people and took down many buildings. The terrible event makes us realize that Chengdu is also near the earthquake area. What can we do to keep us safe during the earthquake
The key to being safe during an earthquake is preparation. So an earthquake emergency kit should be something we need to have. According to research, there is a 30% higher chance that you will live through an earthquake if you have the kit. Because your earthquake emergency kit will make sure you have all you need and deal with any injuries until help arrives.
How to build your own earthquake emergency kit Firstly, choose some ready-to-eat canned (罐头的) meat and enough fresh bottled water. Secondly, choose medicine that will help deal with cuts, burns and injuries. Lastly, bring some useful tools like flashlights, matches, knives and dust masks (防尘面具).
While an earthquake safety kit will be helpful after an earthquake, it is also important to remember the useful life-saving skills below.
First, keep shoes near your bed. The most common injuries from earthquakes come from standing on broken glass. Second, don’t depend on doorways for protection. During an earthquake, get under a table or a desk. Hold on until the shaking stops. Practice “Drop, Cover and Hold On” as the picture shows. Third, discuss with your family what to do, where to meet if you are lost and how you will communicate when an earthquake comes. Last but not least, make sure there is an out-of the-area friend that family members can contact with. Text messages often go through when phone calls won’t work, so don’t give up if you can’t make a call.

Earthquake Preparations and Safety Tips
A(n) 25 of the danger of the earthquake The earthquake in Taiwan caused many deaths and injuries.
Ways to keep you safe during the earthquake Useful tools in an earthquake emergency kit Importance：They 26 the possibility of living through the earthquake. Necessities： ●Canned meat and enough water. ●Medicine that helps you 27 the cuts and injuries getting worse. ●Flashlights, matches, knives and dust masks.
Useful skills to save your life ●Keep shoes near your bed. ● 28 the steps “Drop, Cover and Hold On”. ●Discuss how to communicate with your family members. ●Don’t 29 your heart when phones can’t work.
【答案】1．example 2．raise/increase/improve 3．stop/prevent 4．Practice 5．lose
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍一些地震准备和安全提示，以此保证我们安全的，比如准备地震应急包和掌握求生技能。
1．根据“A magnitude-7.4 earthquake happened in Taiwan on 3 April 2024. It killed several people and took down many buildings.”可知，这是一个地震危险性的例子。故填example。
2．根据“According to research, there is a 30% higher chance that you will live through an earthquake if you have the kit.”可知，如果有工具包，地震中生还的几率会提高 30%。也就是说地震中生存的可能性会增加。故填raise/increase/improve。
3．根据“Secondly, choose medicine that will help deal with cuts, burns and injuries.”可知，选择有助于治疗割伤、烧伤和受伤的药物。换句话说，选择带能阻止割伤、烧伤和受伤变糟糕的药物。故填stop/prevent
4．根据“Practice ‘Drop, Cover and Hold On’ as the picture shows.”可知，如图所示练习“趴下、遮盖、抓住”。故填Practice。
5．根据“Text messages often go through when phone calls won’t work, so don’t give up if you can’t make a call.”可知，如果打不通电话，也不要放弃。lose one’s heart意为“丧失信心”，与give up同义。故填lose。
十、完形填空。
March 28th started like any other school day. 1 2:20 p.m., I was writing notes in geography class 2 my chair suddenly moved a little. Our teacher, Mr Wang, stopped teaching and looked at his phone. “A 7.9-magnitude earthquake (7.9级地震) just 3 Myanmar (缅甸),” he told us quietly. The classroom became full of soft talking, though 4 only felt small shakes here in Yunnan.
During the break, my classmates and I came around the smart whiteboard to watch the news. We saw 5 buildings near Myanmar’s border (边境). Zhang Ming pointed at the screen and said loudly, “My cousin lives in Ruili, only 200 kilometers from the 6 of the earthquake!” Everyone looked worried. Then our class decided to do something to help.
First, we used 7 chalk to draw Myanmar’s flag on posters and wrote some encouraging words. Next, at 3 p.m., our school had an earthquake emergency drill (演练). We all 8 under our desks quickly, just like we practised every month. After that, I used my lunch money for the next week, 50 yuan, to buy something 9 for students in Myanmar.
That night, I couldn’t stop thinking about the earthquake. “Are students in Myanmar trapped like in the Sichuan 10 we learned about ” I asked my mom. The next Monday at school, Chen Yue’s eyes were red 11 she cried while watching rescue videos after dinner yesterday. But when our teacher showed us Chinese 12 boxes arriving in Myanmar, we all clapped and smiled.
After the earthquake, many things changed. Workers came to 13 our school walls for cracks (裂纹). My dad bought a fire extinguisher, and my mom put bottled water under my bed. Now I 14 keep my shoes beside my bed, just in case (以防万一).
Before going to sleep, I looked at the earthquake news on my phone again. I talked to myself, “I’m just a student, but maybe my small help can 15 someone’s dark night a little brighter.”
1．A．On B．At C．In D．For
2．A．when B．and C．but D．so
3．A．hit B．came C．started D．began
4．A．he B．they C．it D．we
5．A．new B．tall C．broken D．empty
6．A．city B．center C．school D．village
7．A．dark B．simple C．colourful D．white
8．A．ate B．hid C．jumped D．studied
9．A．beautiful B．useful C．playful D．thankful
10．A．earthquake B．traffic C．storm D．typhoon
11．A．but B．so C．because D．and
12．A．aid B．toy C．tool D．gift
13．A．check B．paint C．build D．clean
14．A．never B．seldom C．hardly D．always
15．A．give B．provide C．offer D．make
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者上地理课时感受到轻微震感，得知缅甸发生7.9级地震后，作者和同学们通过画缅甸国旗海报、参与地震演练、捐午餐钱买物资等方式提供帮助，地震也让大家的安全意识提升。
1．句意：在下午2点20分，我正在地理课上记笔记，突然我的椅子动了一下。
On后接具体日期/星期；At后接具体时刻；In后接年/月/上午/下午等；For后接时间段。根据“2:20 p.m.”可知，是具体时刻用At。故选B。
2．句意：在下午2点20分，我正在地理课上记笔记，突然我的椅子动了一下。
when当……时候；and和，表并列；but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果。根据“was writing notes ... my chair suddenly moved a little”可知，是正在做某事时突然发生另一件事。故选A。
3．句意：他轻声告诉我们：“缅甸刚刚发生了7.9级地震。”
hit袭击，击打；came来；started开始；began开始。根据原文“A 7.9-magnitude earthquake ... Myanmar” 可知，表示地震侵袭某地用hit。故选A。
4．句意：教室里满是小声的议论，尽管我们在云南这里只感受到了轻微的震动。
he他；they他们；it它；we我们。根据原文“I was writing notes in geography class”及后文“my classmates and I”可知，是作者和同学们感受到震动。故选D。
5．句意：我们看到缅甸边境附近的建筑都损毁了。
new新的；tall高的；broken破损的，损毁的；empty空的。根据原文“A 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit Myanmar”可知，地震后建筑会受损。故选C。
6．句意：张明指着屏幕大声说：“我表哥住在瑞丽，离震中只有200公里！”
city城市；center中心；school学校；village村庄。根据原文“My cousin lives in Ruili, only 200 kilometers from the ... of the earthquake”可知，结合地震的语境，此处指地震的中心。故选B。
7．句意：首先，我们用彩色的粉笔在海报上画了缅甸国旗，并写下了一些鼓励的话语。
dark黑暗的；simple简单的；colourful彩色的；white白色的。根据原文“draw Myanmar’s flag on posters”可知，国旗有多种颜色，需要用彩色粉笔绘制。故选C。
8．句意：我们都迅速躲到桌子底下，就像我们每个月练习的那样。
ate吃；hid躲藏；jumped跳；studied学习。根据原文“our school had an earthquake emergency drill”可知，地震演练的常规动作是躲到桌子下。故选B。
9．句意：在那之后，我拿出了下周的午餐钱50元，为缅甸的学生买了一些有用的东西。
beautiful漂亮的；useful有用的；playful爱玩的；thankful感激的。根据原文“our class decided to do something to help”可知，想要帮助震区学生，需购买对他们有用的物资。故选B。
10．句意：我问妈妈：“缅甸的学生们会像我们了解到的四川地震中那样被困吗？”
earthquake地震；traffic交通；storm暴风雨；typhoon台风。根据原文“A 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit Myanmar” 可知，全文围绕地震展开，此处是将缅甸地震和四川地震作对比。故选A。
11．句意：下周一在学校，陈悦的眼睛红了，因为她昨晚看完救援视频后哭了。
but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果；because因为，表原因；and和，表并列。根据原文“Chen Yue’s eyes were red ... she cried while watching rescue videos”可知，眼睛红是因为看救援视频哭了，后句是前句的原因。故选C。
12．句意：但当老师给我们看中国的援助物资箱运抵缅甸时，我们都鼓掌笑了。
aid援助；toy玩具；tool工具；gift礼物。根据原文“A 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit Myanmar”及“our class decided to do something to help”可知，地震后中国向缅甸运送的是救援物资。故选A。
13．句意：工作人员来检查我们学校的墙壁是否有裂缝。
check检查；paint粉刷；build建造；clean打扫。根据原文“for cracks”及缅甸地震后云南有轻微震感的背景可知，工作人员来学校是为了检查墙壁是否有裂缝。故选A。
14．句意：现在我总是把鞋子放在床边，以防万一。
never从不；seldom很少；hardly几乎不；always总是。根据原文“My dad bought a fire extinguisher, and my mom put bottled water under my bed”可知，家人都提升了安全意识，做出了应急准备，作者也养成了习惯，总是把鞋子放在床边。故选D。
15．句意：我自言自语道：“我只是一名学生，但也许我小小的帮助能让别人的黑夜变得亮一点。”
give给；provide提供；offer主动提出；make使，让。根据原文“someone’s dark night a little brighter”可知，此处是“使某人的黑夜更亮一点”。故选D。
4.思维进阶
Brave Hearts in the Flames
Part 1: Read and Explore
In the summer of 2022, a terrible heatwave hit China. It was the worst since 1961. The heat caused droughts in many places. But the hardest-hit area was Chongqing, a large city in southwestern China.
For weeks, the temperature stayed above 40°C. The mountains around the city became dry like paper. Then, one day in August, a wildfire started in the forest. Strong winds made the fire spread quickly. Soon, huge wildfires were sweeping through the mountains.
The situation was dangerous. The fires were getting closer to homes and buildings. Something had to be done immediately.
Over 5,000 people rushed to help. They were not just firefighters—there were police officers, soldiers, and many volunteers. Some volunteers were university students. Others were factory workers. Some were even delivery drivers who brought food and water to the front line.
The conditions were terrible. The heat was unbearable, and the winds kept changing direction. Sometimes the fire would turn around and come right at them. But no one gave up.
One volunteer, a young man named Li Wei, said, "I was scared, but when I saw my neighbors fighting together, I felt strong. We are not just saving trees—we are saving our home."
Day and night, the rescue workers fought the flames. They used water, fire extinguishers, and even their own clothes to beat back the fire. They also created firebreaks—areas without trees—to stop the fire from spreading.
After two weeks of hard work, they finally won. By the end of August, all the fires were put out. More than 1,500 people had been moved to safety. No one died because of the fires.
The people of Chongqing showed that when disaster comes, ordinary people can do extraordinary things. As one firefighter said, "We didn't just fight a fire. We protected our home, together."
Task 1: Multiple Choice
1. What happened in China in the summer of 2022
A. A big flood hit many cities. B. A terrible heatwave hit the country. C. A strong earthquake happened.
2. Where was the hardest-hit area
A. Beijing B. Shanghai C. Chongqing
3. Who came to help fight the fires
A. Only firefighters B. Only police officers C. Firefighters, police, soldiers, and volunteers
4. What did the rescue workers create to stop the fire from spreading
A. Water pools B. Firebreaks C. High walls
Task 2: Language Focus
Category Details from the Passage
What happened A terrible 1. ______ hit China in summer 2022
Where The hardest-hit area was 2. ______
What caused the fire Strong 3. ______ made the fire spread quickly
Who helped Firefighters, police, soldiers, and 4. ______
How they felt Li Wei was scared but felt 5. ______
Result By the end of August, all fires were put out; no one 6. ______
Task 3: Connection to Life — Ordinary People, Extraordinary Things
The story shows that ordinary people can do extraordinary things when they work together. Think about a time when you saw people helping each other during a difficult time—or a time when you joined others to help.
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
1. Have you ever helped others during a difficult time What did you do
__________________________________________________________.
Why do you think volunteers are important during natural disasters
__________________________________________________________.
Li Wei said, "We are not just saving trees—we are saving our home." What does "home" mean to you
__________________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
Task 1:
B 2. C 3. C 4. B
Task 2: Mind Map :
heatwave; 2. Chongqing; 3. winds; 4. volunteers; 5. strong; 6. died
Task 3 Sample Answers:
1. Yes, I have. Last year, my classmate fell and hurt his leg during P.E. class. I helped him get to the school doctor's office and stayed with him until his parents came.
2. Volunteers are important because there are never enough professional workers during big disasters. Volunteers can help with many things like bringing food and water and taking care of people.
3. "Home" to me means not just my house, but my family, my neighborhood, and the people I care about. It's a place where I feel safe and loved.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Nature’s Temper
课时5 Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c 分层作业
核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶
1.基础达标
一、单词默写。
1. ____________ [ l ndsla d] n. 滑坡；塌方 2. ____________ [ se fɡɑ d] v. 保护 n. 安全设施
3. ____________ [ fl dw t (r)] n. 洪水 4. ____________ [ m npa (r)] n. 人力；劳动力
5. ____________ [ hɑ tbi t] n. 心跳 6. ____________ [ reskju ] n. & v. 救援
7. ____________ [ hi twe v] n. 热浪 8. ____________ [s ns] prep. 自……以来；conj. 既然
9. ____________ [ sa θ west n] adj. 西南的 10. ____________ [ fa fa t (r)] n. 消防队员
11. ____________ [ v l n t (r)] n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 12. ____________ [dra t] n. 干旱
13. ____________ [ wa ldfa (r)] n. 野火 14. ____________ [r fju z] v. 拒绝
15. ____________ [w n] v. 警告
短语默写。
1. (地震)袭击 ____________________ 2. (台风)登陆 ____________________
3. (海啸)席卷 ____________________ 4. 席卷 ____________________
5. 灭火 ____________________ 6. 把……带到安全的地方 ____________________
7. 警告他人远离 ____________________ 8. 与火灾搏斗 ____________________
9. 拒绝放弃 ____________________ 10. 设法做成某事 ____________________
11. 到……结束时 ____________________ 12. 共同努力 ____________________
13. 保护……安全 ____________________ 14. 远离 ____________________
15. 因为；由于 ____________________ 16. 高温 ____________________
17. 多变的风 ____________________ 18. 救援人员 ____________________
三、根据要求完成句子
1. 昨天日本发生了地震。
An earthquake ______ Japan yesterday.
2. 昨晚9点台风登陆了。
A typhoon ______ at 9 o'clock last night.
3. 海啸席卷了村庄。
The tsunami ______ ______ the village.
4. 2022年8月，中国经历了一场大热浪，是1961年以来最严重的一次。
In August 2022, China ______ a great heatwave, the worst ______ 1961.
5. 它在全国不同地区造成了干旱。
It ______ ______ in different parts of the country.
6. 热浪严重袭击了西南城市重庆。
The heatwave ______ the southwestern city of Chongqing very ______.
7. 大型野火席卷了那里的森林和山区。
Large ______ ______ through the forests and mountains there.
8. 超过5000名消防员、警察和志愿者共同努力。
Over 5,000 ______, police, and ______ all worked together.
9. 他们扑灭了大火。
They ______ ______ the fires.
10. 他们把1500多人带到了安全的地方。
They brought more than 1,500 people to ______.
11. 他们警告其他人远离危险区域。
They ______ others to ______ ______ from dangerous areas.
12. 由于高温和多变的风，灭火非常困难。
It was very hard to ______ the fires ______ ______ the high temperatures and changeable winds.
13. 救援人员拒绝放弃。
The rescue workers ______ ______ give up.
14. 到8月底，他们设法扑灭了所有大火。
______ the end of August, they ______ to put out all the fires.
15. 救援人员需要更多的人力来清理街道。
The rescue workers need more ______ to clear the streets.
16. 城市沿着海岸建墙来保护附近的建筑。
The city built walls along the coast to ______ the buildings near it.
7. 医生仔细听了那个男人的心跳。
The doctor listened to the man's ______ carefully.
同义句转换。
1. An earthquake hit Japan yesterday.
→ An earthquake ______ ______ in Japan yesterday.
2. The tsunami swept through the village.
→ The tsunami ______ ______ the village.
3. They brought more than 1,500 people to safety.
→ More than 1,500 people ______ ______ to safety.
4. The rescue workers refused to give up.
→ The rescue workers ______ ______ give up.
5. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires.
→ By the end of August, they ______ ______ putting out all the fires.
2.能力提升
五、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. An earthquake ______ (hit) Japan yesterday morning.
2. A typhoon ______ (land) on the coast at 9 o'clock last night.
3. The tsunami ______ (sweep) through the village and destroyed many houses.
4. In August 2022, China ______ (experience) a great heatwave.
5. Large wildfires ______ (sweep) through the forests in Chongqing.
6. Over 5,000 firefighters ______ (work) together to fight the fires.
7. They brought more than 1,500 people to ______ (safe).
8. By the end of August, they ______ (manage) to put out all the fires.
六、选词填空。
with hurt hard trouble when mix care burn passenger kid
Last summer, a big forest fire broke out near our town. Firefighters arrived quickly, but they couldn’t stop it. That’s because the winds were strong, 1 the flames (火焰) with dry leaves, making it spread faster.
It was a real disaster. The fire 2 for days, destroying (毁灭) trees and houses nearby. Some firefighters got 2 —their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned—but they kept working. Even 4 their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed.
Why couldn’t they put it out Because 5 fires grow too big, they become very dangerous. The heat is too high, and the winds make it 6 to control.
This shows how important forest fire prevention is. Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out, can prevent big 7 .
For us 8 , what can we do First, never play with matches in the woods. If we see the start of a fire, tell an adult right away. Don’t try to put it out by ourselves—we might get hurt.
Fear of fires won’t help. If we are 9 and responsible, we can help prevent them from happening in the first place. Just like 10 follow rules on a bus to stay safe, we must follow forest rules to protect nature. It’s a must for everyone to prevent fires.
3.拓展培优
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Last month, a heavy rainstorm hit Emily’s hometown. 1 Soon, the flood (洪水) came.
Emily was at home with her parents. The water was getting higher and higher, and it started to come into their house. They were very scared. 2 It was a firefighter (消防员). He said, “Don’t worry! I will take you to a safe place.”
The firefighter helped them put on life jackets. Then, he carried Emily on his back and held her parents’ hands. They walked slowly through the flood. On the way, they saw many houses were under the water, and cars were floating (漂浮) around.
3 Many people were already there. They were safe. Emily was so thankful to the firefighter. “Thank you very much for saving us,” she said. The firefighter smiled and said, “That’s what I should do. Helping people in danger is my job.”
After the flood, Emily leaned a lot. 4 And there are always kind people like the firefighter who are ready to help others.
A．Everyone was in danger.
B．Finally, they got to a high place.
C．Just then, they heard a knock at the door.
D．The rain kept falling for days, and the river water rose quickly.
E．She understood that when facing difficulties, we should stay calm and help each other.
八、阅读理解。
I’m a little rabbit named Lulu, living in a beautiful valley with my family and friends: Brother Deer, Little Fox, Tiny Mouse, and Little Fox’s brother. We love playing in the stream (溪流) and running on the green hills. Life was perfect—until one rainy week.
It rained heavily for four days. On the fifth morning, Dad was teaching me how to find berries (浆果) when a deep rumble (隆隆响) shook the ground. “Mudslide!” Mom shouted, pushing me forward. I turned to see brown waves coming down the mountain, crashing (坠落) through trees. Dad ran to help my sister Lily, who was frozen in fear, while Mom was helping Grandma.
“Wait!” shouted Little Fox. Her brother was stuck in the mud (泥), crying. Dad didn’t hesitate (犹豫). He pulled him with strong paws (爪). Tiny Mouse and I pushed and Brother Deer helped get his legs out of the mud. We freed him just in time. Then we quickly climbed to higher, safe ground.
Watching our home disappearing, Grandma sighed (叹气) and said, “Next time, let’s live somewhere higher and drier.” Dad nodded with his paws around me and Lily. The disaster was terrible, but with family and friends, we got through it together.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How was Lulu’s life in the valley
A．Lively. B．Perfect. C．Beautiful. D．Interesting.
2．What do we know about the “Mudslide”
A．It doesn’t hurt animals at all. B．It usually comes softly and quietly.
C．It happens with water, earth and stones. D．It is a kind of disaster appearing on fine days.
3．How many members are there in Lulu’s family
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
4．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Why the fox was stuck in mud. B．What the animals did to free Little Fox.
C．How they helped the fox get out of danger. D．What everyone thought about the mudslide.
5．What is the right order of the whole passage
① Helping each other. ② Learning valuable lessons. ③ Facing a terrible disaster. ④ Enjoying life in the valley.
A．④③①② B．④②③① C．①④②③ D．①③②④
九、任务型阅读。
A magnitude-7.4 earthquake happened in Taiwan on 3 April 2024. It killed several people and took down many buildings. The terrible event makes us realize that Chengdu is also near the earthquake area. What can we do to keep us safe during the earthquake
The key to being safe during an earthquake is preparation. So an earthquake emergency kit should be something we need to have. According to research, there is a 30% higher chance that you will live through an earthquake if you have the kit. Because your earthquake emergency kit will make sure you have all you need and deal with any injuries until help arrives.
How to build your own earthquake emergency kit Firstly, choose some ready-to-eat canned (罐头的) meat and enough fresh bottled water. Secondly, choose medicine that will help deal with cuts, burns and injuries. Lastly, bring some useful tools like flashlights, matches, knives and dust masks (防尘面具).
While an earthquake safety kit will be helpful after an earthquake, it is also important to remember the useful life-saving skills below.
First, keep shoes near your bed. The most common injuries from earthquakes come from standing on broken glass. Second, don’t depend on doorways for protection. During an earthquake, get under a table or a desk. Hold on until the shaking stops. Practice “Drop, Cover and Hold On” as the picture shows. Third, discuss with your family what to do, where to meet if you are lost and how you will communicate when an earthquake comes. Last but not least, make sure there is an out-of the-area friend that family members can contact with. Text messages often go through when phone calls won’t work, so don’t give up if you can’t make a call.

Earthquake Preparations and Safety Tips
A(n) 25 of the danger of the earthquake The earthquake in Taiwan caused many deaths and injuries.
Ways to keep you safe during the earthquake Useful tools in an earthquake emergency kit Importance：They 26 the possibility of living through the earthquake. Necessities： ●Canned meat and enough water. ●Medicine that helps you 27 the cuts and injuries getting worse. ●Flashlights, matches, knives and dust masks.
Useful skills to save your life ●Keep shoes near your bed. ● 28 the steps “Drop, Cover and Hold On”. ●Discuss how to communicate with your family members. ●Don’t 29 your heart when phones can’t work.
十、完形填空。
March 28th started like any other school day. 1 2:20 p.m., I was writing notes in geography class 2 my chair suddenly moved a little. Our teacher, Mr Wang, stopped teaching and looked at his phone. “A 7.9-magnitude earthquake (7.9级地震) just 3 Myanmar (缅甸),” he told us quietly. The classroom became full of soft talking, though 4 only felt small shakes here in Yunnan.
During the break, my classmates and I came around the smart whiteboard to watch the news. We saw 5 buildings near Myanmar’s border (边境). Zhang Ming pointed at the screen and said loudly, “My cousin lives in Ruili, only 200 kilometers from the 6 of the earthquake!” Everyone looked worried. Then our class decided to do something to help.
First, we used 7 chalk to draw Myanmar’s flag on posters and wrote some encouraging words. Next, at 3 p.m., our school had an earthquake emergency drill (演练). We all 8 under our desks quickly, just like we practised every month. After that, I used my lunch money for the next week, 50 yuan, to buy something 9 for students in Myanmar.
That night, I couldn’t stop thinking about the earthquake. “Are students in Myanmar trapped like in the Sichuan 10 we learned about ” I asked my mom. The next Monday at school, Chen Yue’s eyes were red 11 she cried while watching rescue videos after dinner yesterday. But when our teacher showed us Chinese 12 boxes arriving in Myanmar, we all clapped and smiled.
After the earthquake, many things changed. Workers came to 13 our school walls for cracks (裂纹). My dad bought a fire extinguisher, and my mom put bottled water under my bed. Now I 14 keep my shoes beside my bed, just in case (以防万一).
Before going to sleep, I looked at the earthquake news on my phone again. I talked to myself, “I’m just a student, but maybe my small help can 15 someone’s dark night a little brighter.”
1．A．On B．At C．In D．For
2．A．when B．and C．but D．so
3．A．hit B．came C．started D．began
4．A．he B．they C．it D．we
5．A．new B．tall C．broken D．empty
6．A．city B．center C．school D．village
7．A．dark B．simple C．colourful D．white
8．A．ate B．hid C．jumped D．studied
9．A．beautiful B．useful C．playful D．thankful
10．A．earthquake B．traffic C．storm D．typhoon
11．A．but B．so C．because D．and
12．A．aid B．toy C．tool D．gift
13．A．check B．paint C．build D．clean
14．A．never B．seldom C．hardly D．always
15．A．give B．provide C．offer D．make
4.思维进阶
Brave Hearts in the Flames
Part 1: Read and Explore
In the summer of 2022, a terrible heatwave hit China. It was the worst since 1961. The heat caused droughts in many places. But the hardest-hit area was Chongqing, a large city in southwestern China.
For weeks, the temperature stayed above 40°C. The mountains around the city became dry like paper. Then, one day in August, a wildfire started in the forest. Strong winds made the fire spread quickly. Soon, huge wildfires were sweeping through the mountains.
The situation was dangerous. The fires were getting closer to homes and buildings. Something had to be done immediately.
Over 5,000 people rushed to help. They were not just firefighters—there were police officers, soldiers, and many volunteers. Some volunteers were university students. Others were factory workers. Some were even delivery drivers who brought food and water to the front line.
The conditions were terrible. The heat was unbearable, and the winds kept changing direction. Sometimes the fire would turn around and come right at them. But no one gave up.
One volunteer, a young man named Li Wei, said, "I was scared, but when I saw my neighbors fighting together, I felt strong. We are not just saving trees—we are saving our home."
Day and night, the rescue workers fought the flames. They used water, fire extinguishers, and even their own clothes to beat back the fire. They also created firebreaks—areas without trees—to stop the fire from spreading.
After two weeks of hard work, they finally won. By the end of August, all the fires were put out. More than 1,500 people had been moved to safety. No one died because of the fires.
The people of Chongqing showed that when disaster comes, ordinary people can do extraordinary things. As one firefighter said, "We didn't just fight a fire. We protected our home, together."
Task 1: Multiple Choice
1. What happened in China in the summer of 2022
A. A big flood hit many cities. B. A terrible heatwave hit the country. C. A strong earthquake happened.
2. Where was the hardest-hit area
A. Beijing B. Shanghai C. Chongqing
3. Who came to help fight the fires
A. Only firefighters B. Only police officers C. Firefighters, police, soldiers, and volunteers
4. What did the rescue workers create to stop the fire from spreading
A. Water pools B. Firebreaks C. High walls
Task 2: Language Focus
Category Details from the Passage
What happened A terrible 1. ______ hit China in summer 2022
Where The hardest-hit area was 2. ______
What caused the fire Strong 3. ______ made the fire spread quickly
Who helped Firefighters, police, soldiers, and 4. ______
How they felt Li Wei was scared but felt 5. ______
Result By the end of August, all fires were put out; no one 6. ______
Task 3: Connection to Life — Ordinary People, Extraordinary Things
The story shows that ordinary people can do extraordinary things when they work together. Think about a time when you saw people helping each other during a difficult time—or a time when you joined others to help.
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
1. Have you ever helped others during a difficult time What did you do
__________________________________________________________.
Why do you think volunteers are important during natural disasters
__________________________________________________________.
Li Wei said, "We are not just saving trees—we are saving our home." What does "home" mean to you
__________________________________________________________.
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