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(共26张PPT)
知识过关第三讲 语法 (unit1-unit4)
适用：2026春 · 七年级学生
沪教版英语七年级下册期中复习
CONTENTS / 目录
01
形容词与副词
原级、比较级、最高级变化规则
02
情态动词
can/may/must/should/mustn’t用法
03
祈使句结构
肯定形式、否定形式与Let’s句型
04
There be 句型
核心考点：就近原则及其应用
05
一般现在时
重点掌握第三人称单数动词变化
06
现在进行时
be + doing 核心结构及常用标志词
07
动词不定式
to do 结构在句中的常见搭配与用法
08
It 作形式主语
句型：It is + adj. + to do sth.
09
时间介词辨析
in / on / at 在不同时间前的用法
10
常用并列连词
and / but / so / or 的用法与区别
11
限定词 some & any
肯定句与否定/疑问句中的用法区别
12
名词修饰 many & much
修饰可数名词与不可数名词的区别
PART 01
核心语法点精讲
CORE GRAMMAR POINTS EXPLANATION
语法点一：形容词与副词原级 / 比较级 / 最高级
语法核心结构
原级 (Positive)
as + 原级 + as
(表示两者程度相同)
比较级 (Comparative)
比较级 + than
(两者之间进行对比)
最高级 (Superlative)
the + 最高级 + of/in...
(三者及以上范围之最)
语境典型例句
He isas tall ashis brother.
译：他和他哥哥一样高。
This book ismore interesting thanthat one.
译：这本书比那本更有趣。
She isthe most careful student inour class.
译：她是我们班最细心的学生。
随堂小测挑战
Lucy runs as______(fast) as Lily.
参考答案: fast
解析：在“as...as”原级比较结构中，中间必须使用形容词或副词的原级形式。
语法点二：情态动词 can / may / must / should / mustn’t
核心语法精讲
情态动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。
can：表示能力或许可 (能，会，可以)
may：委婉请求或许可 (可以，可能)
must：必须，必要 (语气强烈)
should/mustn’t：提出建议 / 禁止(语气强烈)
典型语境例句
Youmustfollow the school rules.
（你必须遵守校规。）
Weshouldhelp old people.
（我们应该帮助老人。）
Youmustn’tplay on the road.
（你禁止在马路上玩耍。）
随堂即时演练
Fill in the blank:
_______ I use your dictionary
Options: May / Need
正确答案：May
语法点三：祈使句
语法核心讲解
表示请求、命令、建议或劝告，通常省略主语(you)。
肯定形式：直接以动词原形开头。
否定形式：Don’t + 动词原形 (Do not)
Let’s 句型：Let’s + 动词原形 (表建议，包含双方)
经典例句解析
Be quiet.
肯定祈使句 (Be动词原形开头)
Don’t run.
否定祈使句 (Don't + run)
Let’s go home.
建议句型 (Let's + go)
课堂即时演练
请将括号内的单词填入横线处，使其成为正确的祈使句：
________ (not swim) in the river.
提示：这是一个否定祈使句，注意首字母大写。
语法点四：There be 句型（就近原则）
核心语法讲解
该句型表示“某地有某物”。be动词的具体形式完全由紧随其后的第一个名词的单复数决定，即“就近原则”。
There is + 单数 / 不可数名词
There are + 复数名词 (s/es)
核心口诀："谁近跟谁走"
经典例句示范
There isa pen and two books on the desk.
→ 紧跟词 "a pen" 是单数，故用 is
There aresome birds in the tree.
→ 紧跟词 "some birds" 是复数，故用 are
视线只看 be 后紧跟的词
课堂即时练习
Q: There ________ (be) a book and some pencils in my bag.
解析：紧跟 be 动词的是 "a book" (单数)，根据就近原则，应填单数形式。
正确答案：is
语法点五：一般现在时（第三人称单数）
核心规则讲解
当主语是第三人称单数 (he, she, it, 或单个人名) 时，谓语动词需发生相应变化。
● 动词变化：在动词原形后直接加-s或-es。
● 否定/疑问：借用doesn’t / Does，后面动词必须变回原形。
经典语境例句
He oftenplaysbasketball after school.
译：他放学后经常打篮球。
Shedoesn’t likedrinking milk.
译：她不喜欢喝牛奶。
注意：疑问句结构为 "Does + 主语 + 动词原形"。
随堂即时练习
My father usually ________
(watch) TV at night.
参考答案：watches
解析：主语father是三单，watch以ch结尾，加-es。
语法点六：现在进行时
核心概念与结构
表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。
基本公式：
am/is/are + doing
常见标志词：
now, look, listen, at the moment
经典语境例句
Look! The birdis flyingin the sky.
（提示词Look，强调正在飞）
Theyare not readingnow.
（提示词now，强调当前状态）
课堂即时演练
Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room.
思考要点：
1. Listen 是标志词
2. Someone 是单数主语
语法点七：动词不定式 to do（常考搭配）
语法核心讲解
在英语句法中，许多及物动词后面必须跟动词不定式 (to do)作宾语，这是中考与高考的高频考点。
want to do 想要做
hope to do 希望做
plan to do 计划做
decide to do 决定做
need to do 需要做
经典语境例句
Iwant to visitthe history museum this weekend.
译：我想这个周末去参观历史博物馆。
Sheplans to travelto Japan with her family next month.
译：她计划下个月和家人去日本旅行。
随堂巩固练习
请根据“动词 + to do”的固定搭配规则，补全下列句子。
We hope _______ (see) you soon.
参考答案：to see
注意：to 是不定式符号，后跟动词原形
语法点八：It 作形式主语
语法讲解
为避免句子“头重脚轻”，英语中常用It作形式主语，而将真正的主语（动词不定式 to do）移至句子末尾。
核心常用结构
It is + adj. + to do sth.
注：It 无实际意义，仅作形式主语
典型例句
1. It isimportantto learn English well.
译：学好英语是非常重要的。
2. It iseasyto finish the work in time.
译：按时完成这项工作很容易。
即时练习
请填入正确的形式：
It’s necessary______(keep) the classroom clean every day.
思路：套用结构 It is + adj. + to do sth.，此处应填 to keep。
语法点九：时间介词 in / on / at
▍ 语法核心定义
介词 in · 宽泛时间
用于较长的时间范围：
年、月、季节 / 泛指的早中晚
介词 on · 具体日期
用于精确到“天”的时间：
具体某一天 / 特定的早中晚
介词 at · 精确时刻
用于具体的钟点时刻。
▍ 典型场景例句
We have a party
onSunday morning.
He usually gets up
at6:30 a.m.
Tip: 具体到哪一天就用 on
▍ 课堂即时练习
Q: We will have a final test_______ May 10th.
Answer: on
解析：May 10th 是具体日期
语法点十：连词 and / but / so / or
核心用法讲解
and 并列关系
连接对等成分 (和，并且)
but 转折关系
语义相反或对比 (但是)
so 因果关系
表结果，承上启下 (所以)
or 选择/条件
二选一，或表警告 (或者/否则)
经典语境例句
It’s raining heavily outside,sowe decide to stay at home and watch a movie.
Oryou’ll miss the school bus if you don’t hurry up right now.
随堂思维训练
He is very tired after a long day’s work,_______he still works hard to finish his report.
提示：前半句“累”与后半句“继续工作”是明显的转折关系。
语法点十一：some & any
语法讲解
some：常用于肯定句，或表示“请求、建议”的委婉疑问句中。
any：主要用于否定句和一般疑问句中，表“任何”。
典型例句
① I havesomegood friends in China.
② Do you haveanyquestions to ask
Tip: Would you like some tea (表建议)
即时练习
There aren’t ______ books on the desk.
Key:any(否定句)
语法点十二：可数名词 & 不可数名词 / many & much
核心概念解析
many
修饰可数名词复数
用于询问或描述数量较多的个体。
much
修饰不可数名词
用于询问或描述数量较多的物质/抽象概念。
经典语境例句
There aremanystudents in the classroom.
→ students (可数复数)
There ismuchwater in the bottle.
→ water (不可数名词)
随堂巩固挑战
Q: How ________ (many / much) milk is there in the glass
解题思路：
milk (牛奶) 是液体，属于不可数名词，应选 much。
PART 02
综合知识巩固
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
一、单项选择
01
Sally didn’t want to ________ dancing because she loved it so much.
A. give back B. give away
C. give up D. give out
02
My uncle ________ have a cigarette after a meal, but now he ________ taking a walk.
A. used to; used to B. used to; is used to
C. is used to; used to D. was used to; is used to
03
—________ does Sarah play football —She likes it best, so she ________ plays it after school.
A. How often; always B. How far; sometimes
C. How soon; seldom D. How often; never
04
—What about ________ next Saturday
—Good idea.
A. go hike B. go hiking
C. going hiking D. going hike
05
Jane is good at a lot of things, but you can’t say she’s ________.
A. perfect B. tired C. safe D. polite
Tips:注意固定搭配与短语辨析，结合语境选择最佳答案。
一、单项选择
06
—How about buying a pair of sports shoes for our father
—Sounds ______! He really needs a new pair. Let’s go to the shop at once.
A. awful B. perfect C. mobile D. absent
07
He often ______ his dog in the park, but now he is ______ it in the neighbourhood.
A. walk; walks B. walks; walking
C. walk; walking D. walking; walking
08
Tom usually ______ breakfast at 7:00 am. Now he ______ breakfast.
A. has; is have B. have; is having
C. has; is having D. have; having
09
Look! The boy swimming in the river is ______. Let’s go and save him.
A. in danger B. on time
C. on duty D. for example
10
When you face a challenge, you should believe in ______ and never give up easily.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
11
—I don’t have ______ rules at home. What about you
—I don’t, ______.
A. too many; too B. too much; either
C. much too; too D. too many; either
一、单项选择 - 答案
01
C
解析：give up 意为“放弃”，符合题意。
02
B
解析：used to do 过去常常；be used to doing 习惯于。
03
A
解析：How often 询问频率，always 表示总是。
04
C
解析：What about doing sth. 建议去远足。
05
A
解析：perfect 完美的，形容方案或计划。
06
B
解析：Sounds perfect! 对提议的积极回应。
07
B
解析：often用一般现在时；now用现在进行时。
08
C
解析：usually用一般现在时；Now用进行时。
09
A
解析：固定搭配 in danger 意为“处于危险中”。
10
D
解析：believe in oneself 固定搭配，相信自己。
11
D
解析：too many修饰可数名词复数；either用于否定句句末。
二、适当形式填空
12
Over one hundred doctors in this hospital were in the ________ (medicine) team.
13
After watching the movie for some minutes, I felt ________ (bore) and left.
14
My grandma is a c________ (cheer) person.
15
We don’t like ________ (wolf), because they are scary.
16
Children have great fun ________ (lie) on the grass to enjoy the sunshine.
17
Do you know ________ Day is in May (mother)
二、适当形式填空
18
Many people are always ________ (shop) at the Pangdonglai Supermarket these days.
19
—Where is Stephen
—Oh, he together with his friends ________ (sit) on the sofa, watching TV.
20
Mum tells me that I should learn to ________ well with others. (communication)
21
The children are ________ (dig) holes (洞) to plant trees.
22
This pair of shoes is ________ (make) of leather (皮革).
23
Jason was very sick last week and couldn’t walk by ________ (he).
24
If you don’t go to the party, I will not go there, ________ (too).
25
This lion is so scary that we are all ________ (scare) of it.
26. Soft music can help us fall _________ (sleep) faster during the night.
二、适当形式填空 - 答案
12
medical(形容词修饰名词team)
13
bored(feel bored 感到无聊)
14
cheerful(形容词修饰名词person)
15
wolves(wolf的复数形式)
16
lying(have fun doing sth. 做某事开心)
17
Mother’s(Mother's Day 母亲节)
18
shopping(are always doing 反复动作)
19
is sitting(主语he, together with是插入语)
20
communicate(learn to do sth. 学习做某事)
21
digging(现在进行时 be doing)
22
made(be made of 由……制成)
23
himself(by oneself 独自)
24
either(用于否定句句末表示“也”)
25
scared(be scared of 害怕……)
26
asleep(固定搭配 fall asleep 入睡)
三、短文填空
READING MATERIAL / 阅读短文
Do you want to make progress and37(success) in your life Here38(be) some advice for you teenagers to become better students.
First, keep your body healthy. As the old saying goes, “A sound mind in a sound body.” This is true for sports, studying, and health! Working out every day helps you keep away from39awful mood. You can jog, swim or play ball games. This helps you keep fit and stay full of40(energetic). A healthy body lets you focus on41(learn).
KEY POINTS / 考点解析
37
词性转换：名词 → 动词 (succeed)
38
主谓一致：倒装句 (Here is some advice)
39
冠词用法：元音音素前用 an (an awful mood)
40
词性转换：形容词 → 名词 (energy)
四、短文填空
【原文阅读】
Second, follow rules to grow better. Rules help us become better persons!42example, wearing uniforms can build school spirit and make us a team. Arriving on time, being polite and finishing homework help43(we) develop good habits.
Last but not least, protect animals and nature. Animals are an44(importance) part of our world. Always take good care of them, and never kill animals for fun. Remember: every small act45(count).
Dear friends, being a better student means caring for yourself, your school, your family and your world. Let’s start today — study hard, respect rules, and love nature. Together, we can make our future46(good) than it is today!
【考点分析】
42. (example)→ 固定搭配：For example
43. (we)→ 代词宾格：help us
44. (importance)→ 词性转换：important
45. (count)→ 主谓一致：counts
四、短文填空 - 答案
37
succeed
解析：与make progress并列，此处需用动词原形
38
is
解析：advice为不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用is
39
an
解析：awful以元音音素/ /开头，需用不定冠词an
40
energy
解析：介词of后面需要接名词形式，故填energy
42
For
解析：固定搭配 For example，意为“例如”
43
us
解析：动词 help 后面需要接人称代词的宾格形式
44
important
解析：需要用形容词来修饰后面的名词 part
45
counts
解析：every small act 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式
Thank You!
祝大家期中考试顺利！/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第3讲 语法
【 重要短语通关】
一、形容词与副词原级 / 比较级 / 最高级
知识点
原级：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as
比较级：形容词/副词比较级 + than
最高级：the + 最高级 + of/in + 范围
例句
原级：He is as tall as his brother.
比较级：This book is more interesting than that one.
最高级：She is the most careful student in our class.
练习题
Lucy runs as ________ (fast) as Lily.
答案
fast
二、情态动词 can / may / must / should / mustn’t
知识点
can：能力、许可
may：委婉请求
must：必须
should：应该
mustn’t：禁止
例句
You must follow the school rules.
We should help old people.
You mustn’t play on the road.
练习题
________ I use your dictionary (May / Need)
答案
May
三、祈使句
知识点
肯定：动词原形开头
否定：Don’t + 动词原形
Let’s + 动词原形
例句
Be quiet.
Don’t run in the classroom.
Let’s go home together.
练习题
________ (not swim) in the river. It’s dangerous.
答案
Don’t swim
四、There be 句型（就近原则）
知识点
There is + 单数/不可数
There are + 复数
否定：There isn’t / aren’t
疑问：Is there… / Are there…
例句
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
There are some birds in the tree.
练习题
There ________ (be) a book and some pencils in my bag.
答案
is五、一般现在时（第三人称单数）
知识点
主语三单 → 动词+s/es
否定：doesn’t + 动词原形
疑问：Does + 主语 + 动词原形
例句
He often plays basketball after school.
She doesn’t like milk.
练习题
My father usually ________ (watch) TV at night.
答案
watches
六、现在进行时
知识点
am / is / are + doing
标志词：now, look, listen
例句
Look! The bird ________ (fly) in the sky.
They are not reading now.
练习题
Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room.
答案
is singing
七、动词不定式 to do（常考搭配）
知识点
want to do / hope to do / plan to do / decide to do / need to do
例句
I want to visit the museum.
She plans to travel next week.
练习题
We hope ________ (see) you soon.
答案
to see
八、It 作形式主语
知识点
It is + 形容词 + to do sth.
例句
It is important to learn English well.
It is easy to finish the work.
练习题
It’s necessary ________ (keep) the classroom clean.
答案
to keep
九、时间介词 in / on / at
知识点
in + 年/月/季节
on + 具体日期/星期
at + 时刻
例句
We have a party on Sunday.
He gets up at 6:30.
练习题
We will have a test ________ May 10th.
答案
on
十、连词 and / but / so / or
知识点
and 和；but 但是；so 所以；or 否则/或者
例句
It’s raining, so we stay at home.
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
练习题
He is tired, ________ he still works hard.
答案
but
十一、some & any
知识点
some 用于肯定句
any 用于否定句、疑问句
例句
I have some friends.
Do you have any questions
练习题
There aren’t ________ books on the desk.
答案
any
十二、可数名词 & 不可数名词 / many & much
知识点
many + 可数名词复数
much + 不可数名词
例句
There are many students in the classroom.
There is much water in the bottle.
练习题
How ________ (many / much) milk is there in the glass
答案
much
【 知识巩固】
一、单项选择
1．Sally didn’t want to ________ dancing because she loved it so much.
A．give back B．give away C．give up D．give out
2．My uncle ________ have a cigarette after a meal, but now he ________ taking a walk.
A．used to; used to B．used to; is used to
C．is used to; used to D．was used to; is used to
3．—________ does Sarah play football
—She likes it best, so she ________ plays it after school.
A．How often; always B．How far; sometimes
C．How soon; seldom D．How often; never
4．—What about ________ next Saturday
—Good idea.
A．go hike B．go hiking C．going hiking D．going hike
5．Jane is good at a lot of things, but you can’t say she’s ________.
A．perfect B．tired C．safe D．polite
6．—How about buying a pair of sports shoes for our father
—Sounds ________! He really needs a new pair. Let’s go to the shop at once.
A．awful B．perfect C．mobile D．absent
7．He often ________ his dog in the park, but now he is ________ it in the neighbourhood.
A．walk; walks B．walks; walking C．walk; walking D．walking; walking
8．Tom usually ______ breakfast at 7:00 am. Now he ______ breakfast.
A．has; is have B．have; is having C．has; is having D．have; having
9．Look! The boy swimming in the river is ________. Let’s go and save him.
A．in danger B．on time C．on duty D．for example
10．When you face a challenge, you should believe in ________ and never give up easily.
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
11．—I don’t have ________ rules at home. What about you
—I don’t, ________.
A．too many; too B．too much; either C．much too; too D．too many; either
二、适当形式填空
12．Over one hundred doctors in this hospital were in the ________ (medicine) team.
13．After watching the movie for some minutes, I felt ________ (bore) and left.
14．My grandma is a c________ (cheer) person.
15．We don’t like ________ (wolf), because they are scary.
16．Children have great fun ________ (lie) on the grass to enjoy the sunshine.
17．Do you know ________ Day is in May (mother)
18．Many people are always ________ (shop) at the Pangdonglai Supermarket these days.
19．—Where is Stephen
—Oh, he together with his friends ________ (sit) on the sofa, watching TV.
20．Mum tells me that I should learn to ________ well with others. (communication)
21．The children are ________ (dig) holes (洞) to plant trees.
22．This pair of shoes is ________ (make) of leather (皮革).
23．Jason was very sick last week and couldn’t walk by ________ (he).
24．If you don’t go to the party, I will not go there, ________ (too).
25．This lion is so scary that we are all ________ (scare) of it.
26．Soft music can help us fall _________ (sleep) faster during the night.
三、语法选择
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Hi, everyone! My name is Joy, a guide dog. Now I am in a dog school. I’d like to tell you more about my school life.
I love my school, because the teachers 27 kind and they teach me a lot of skills (技能). They are useful for my future work. First, I learn some easy words like “sit” and “come”. They can help 28 understand my owner’s orders. Second, I also practise crossing the road 29 so I can know where to stop or 30 to go at the traffic lights. Then, I learn 31 some small things with my mouth too. Although learning different tricks is not that 32 , I have to keep learning to become better. I also make some good friends here. We often have fun playing together. Every dog in my class 33 the school life.
After six 34 learning, all my classmates will meet our new owners, so we have to leave this school at that time. I hope my new owner will like me and even say, “What 35 amazing guide dog!” I would be so excited. In my eyes, the guide dog school is important because it helps people and guide dogs to work 36 a team in daily life.
27．A．are B．is C．am D．be
28．A．I B．my C．me D．mine
29．A．safely B．safe C．quietly D．quiet
30．A．what B．which C．who D．when
31．A．carry B．to carry C．eat D．to eat
32．A．easy B．easily C．hard D．hardly
33．A．love B．loves C．loved D．loving
34．A．months’ B．month C．month’s D．months
35．A．a B．an C．the D．/
36．A．for B．on C．as D．at
四、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Do you want to make progress and 37 (success) in your life Here 38 (be) some advice for you teenagers to become better students.
First, keep your body healthy. As the old saying goes, “A sound mind in a sound body.” This is true for sports, studying, and health! Working out every day helps you keep away from 39 awful mood. You can jog, swim or play ball games. This helps you keep fit and stay full of 40 (energetic). A healthy body lets you focus on 41 (learn).
Second, follow rules to grow better. Rules help us become better persons! 42 example, wearing uniforms can build school spirit and make us a team. Arriving on time, being polite and finishing homework help 43 (we) develop good habits.
Last but not least, protect animals and nature. Animals are an 44 (importance) part of our world. Always take good care of them, and never kill animals for fun. Remember: every small act 45 (count).
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Dear friends, being a better student means caring for yourself, your school, your family and your world. Let’s start today — study hard, respect rules, and love nature. Together, we can make our future 46 (good) than it is today!试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页

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