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冀教版英语八年级下册 Unit 4 Lesson 3 知识点讲解讲义 (教师版)
一、必会单词
口头的，口语的 spoken
远方，距离 distance
大叫，叫喊 yell
走廊，过道 hallway
侮辱，侮辱 insult
测试，检验 test
雕像，塑像 statue
认识，意识到 recognize
无礼的，不尊敬的 disrespectful
西方的 western
无礼的，粗鲁的 rude
取决于，依靠 depend
二、知识点精讲
知识点 1. allow 的用法:
allow 动词，意为 “允许，准许”。
允许某人做某事：allow sb to do sth.
例：我的父母允许我周末看电视。
My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends.
允许做某事：allow doing sth.
例：我们不允许在教室里吸烟。
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
被允许做某事：be allowed to do sth.
例：我们被允许放学后打篮球。We are allowed to play basketball after school.
allowance，名词，意为 “零花钱，津贴”。
例：我的妈妈每周给我 20 元零花钱。
My mother gives me a weekly allowance of 20 yuan.
知识点 2. require 的用法 :
require 动词，意为 “需要，要求，命令”。
需要某物 require sth
例：植物需要阳光和水。
Plants require sunlight and water.
要求某人做某事 require sb to do sth
例：老师要求我们按时完成作业。
The teacher requires us to finish our homework on time.
被要求做某事 be required to do sth.
例：我们被要求在图书馆保持安静。
We are required to keep quiet in the library.
需要被… ① require doing ② require to be done
注：句中的主语与 require 后的动词必须是被动关系。
例：这房间需要打扫。
The room requires cleaning/to be cleaned.
知识点 3. distance 的用法
distance 名词，意为 “距离，间距，远方”。
在远处 in the distance
例：我们看到远处有一座山。
We saw a mountain in the distance.
隔开一段距离，从远处 at a distance
例：这幅画远看更好看。
The picture looks better at a distance
与… 保持距离 keep one’s distance from…
例：请和火源保持距离。
Please keep your distance from the fire
一段… 的距离 a distance of + 数字
例：从我家到学校有五公里。
It’s a distance of five kilometers from my home to school.
distant 形容词，意为 “遥远的，久远的”。
例：去年夏天我们参观了一个偏远的村庄。
We visited a distant village last summer
短语：离… 远，与… 疏远 be distant from
例：学校离我家很远。
The school is distant from my home
知识点 4. depend 的用法
depend 动词，意为 “依靠，依赖，取决于”。
依靠，依赖，取决于 depend on/upon
例 1：孩子们的衣食都依赖父母。
Children depend on/upon their parents for food and clothes.
例 2：我们的旅行取决于天气。
Our trip depends on/upon the weather.
看情况，视情况而定 That depends/It depends.
例：—— 你要去公园吗？
—— 看情况吧，不下雨我就去。
— Will you go to the park
— It depends/That depends. If it doesn’t rain, I’ll go.
dependent 形容词，意为 “依赖的，依靠的”。
依赖于…... be dependent on
例：这婴儿依赖于妈妈。
The baby is dependent on its mother.
independent 形容词，意为 “独立的，自主的”。
独立于…，不依赖 be independent of
例：青少年应该独立，不依赖于父母。
Teenagers should be independent of their parents.
dependence 名词，意为 “依赖，依靠”
对… 的依靠 dependence on/upon sb/sth
例：他想减少对父母的依靠。
He wants to reduce his dependence on/upon his parents.
independence 名词，意为 “独立，自主”
例：她想要更多的独立自由。
She wants more independence.
知识点 5. avoid 的用法
avoid 动词，意为 “避免，避开，回避”
短语：避免做某事 avoid doing sth.
例：你应该避免吃太多糖。
You should avoid eating too much sugar.
avoidable 形容词，意为 “可避免的”。
例：这个错误是可避免的。
The mistake is avoidable.
unavoidable 形容词，意为 “不可避免的”。
例：交通堵塞有时不可避免。
Traffic jams are sometimes unavoidable.
avoidance 名词，意为 “避免，回避”
短语：对… 的回避the avoidance of…
例：规避危险很重要。
The avoidance of danger is important.冀教版英语八年级下册Unit 4 Lesson 3 词汇语法练习
根据句意及首字母提示补全句子 。
1.We should speak in a low voice in the h____________, not talk loudly.
2.She has good s_____________ English and can talk with foreign friends easily.
3.Don’t i_____________ others. It is not polite to say bad words to them.
4.The little boy likes to y____________ happily when he plays games with his friends.
5.We can see a beautiful park in the d______________ from our classroom window.
6.The art room has a white s_______________ of a lovely rabbit made by students.
7.You need to study hard to pass the English t____________ next week.
8.I didn’t r______________ my old classmate on the street because we haven’t met for years.
9.It is d_____________ to laugh at your classmates. We should be polite to everyone.
10.Our picnic plan will d_____________ on the weather this Sunday.
单项选择。
( ) 1. My teacher allows us ____ the classroom after cleaning.
leave B. leaving C. to leave D. leaves
( ) 2. We don't allow ____ in the library because it's a quiet place.
to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked
( ) 3. Students ____ to wear school uniforms on School Day.
allow B. are allowed C. allowed D. are allowing
( ) 4. The machine ____ new parts because it doesn't work well.
requires B. require C. requiring D. to require
( ) 5. The school requires the students ____ on time for class.
get B. getting C. to get D. to getting
( ) 6. This old house needs ____. It is very dirty.
clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
( ) 7. We are required ____ quiet in the meeting room.
A.keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
( ) 8. We can see a beautiful bird in the ____ from the window.
distant B. distance C. distantly D. distances
( ) 9. My home is ____ from the park, so we need to take a bus.
distance B. distantly C. distant D. distances
( ) 10. It's a ____ of 3 kilometers from my home to the bus stop.
distance B. distant C. distantly D. distances
( ) 11. Children ____ their parents for food and clothes when they are young.
depend on B. depends on C. dependent on D. independence
( ) 12.—Will you go swimming with us
—____. If it's hot, I will go.
A.It depends B. That depend C. Depend on D. Depends
( ) 13.The little boy is ____ his mother and can't live alone.
dependence B. dependent on C. independent D. independence
( ) 14. Teenagers should be ____ of their parents and learn to take care of themselves.
dependent B. dependence C. independent D. independently
( ) 15. You should ____ eating too much junk food to keep healthy.
avoid B. avoids C. avoiding D. to avoid
用所给词的适当形式填空 。
My parents allow me _______________ (watch) TV for half an hour every evening.
The school doesn't allow _________________ (smoke) in the building.
We ________________ (allow) to play outside on weekends by our parents.
This job requires _________________ (care) and patience.
The teacher requires us _______________ (hand) in our homework on time.
The broken bike requires ________________ (repair) at once.
Keep your _______________ (distant) from the fire. It's dangerous.
The little baby is _______________ (dependent) on his mother for milk.
She wants more _______________ (independence) to make her own decisions.
You should avoid __________________ (make) the same mistake again.
语法填空。
Hello, I'm Li Ming. I study in a middle school. Our school has many rules. First, teachers allow us 1. _______ (bring) books to the classroom, but we don't allow 2. ________ (take) food here. Second, we are required 3. _________ (wear) school uniforms every day. The library requires 4. ________ (keep) quiet, so we must follow that.My home is far from school. It's a 5. __________ (distance) of 5 kilometers. So I depend on my bike to go to school. I'm 6. ___________ (dependent) on my parents for going out. I often ride my bike to the park, which is 7. __________ (distant) from my home. I like to visit the park because I can enjoy the fresh air.In my daily life, I try to avoid 8. ___________ (be) late for class. I also avoid 9. __________ (argue) with my classmates. I think these are 10. __________ (avoidable) mistakes for students.
完形填空。
Today is a sunny day. I want to go to the museum with my friends. But first, I need to ask my parents for permission."Can I go to the museum " I ask. My parents say, "We 1. ____ you to go, but you must follow the rules there.""Thank you!" I say. Then I remember the museum's rules. It 2. ____ visitors to keep quiet. We 3. ____ to speak in a low voice. Also, we aren't allowed 4. ____ photos inside.On the way, we see a beautiful statue 5. ____ the distance. It's very great. When we get to the museum, we see a sign: "Don't 6. ____ the workers. It's rude." We keep our 7. ____ from the workers.My friend Tom likes to ask many questions. He says, "Does the museum 8. ____ us to take notes " The guide says, "Yes, you can. But you should avoid 9. ____ noise when you write."We have a good time. We learn that we should follow rules everywhere. And we know that good manners 10. ____ on how we treat others.
( ) 1. A. allow B. allows C. are allowed D. allowing
( ) 2. A. requires B. require C. requiring D. to require
( ) 3. A. require B. are required C. required D. are requiring
( ) 4. A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken
( ) 5. A. in B. at C. on D. for
( ) 6. A. insult B. insults C. insulting D. to insult
( ) 7. A. distant B. distance C. distantly D. distances
( )8. A. allowed B. allow C. be allowed D. allowing
( ) 9. A. make B. making C. to make D. made
( ) 10. A. depend B. depends C. dependent D. dependence
参考答案
一、
hallway 2. spoken 3. insult 4. yell 5. distance
statue 7. test 8. recognize 9. disrespectful 10. depend
C解析：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事，固定搭配。
B解析：allow doing sth. 允许做某事，无sb时用动名词。
B解析：be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事，被动结构。
A解析：主语 the machine 是单数，一般现在时动词用 requires。
C解析：require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事。
C解析：sth. needs doing = sth. needs to be done，某物需要被……
B解析：be required to do sth. 被要求做某事。
B解析：in the distance 在远处，固定短语，用名词。
C解析：be distant from… 离…… 遥远，用形容词。
A解析：a distance of… …… 的距离，用名词。
A解析：主语 children 是复数，depend on 依靠。
A解析：It depends. 看情况而定，固定口语表达。
B解析：be dependent on 依赖于……，形容词短语。
C解析：be independent of… 不依赖……，独立的。
A解析：should 后接动词原形，avoid doing 避免做。
to watch解析：allow sb. to do sth.
smoking解析：allow doing sth.
are allowed解析：be allowed to do 被允许，被动语态。
care解析：require sth. 需要某物，用名词原形。
to hand解析：require sb. to do sth.
repairing / to be repaired解析：sth. requires doing = requires to be done
distance解析：your 后接名词，keep one’s distance 保持距离。
dependent解析：be dependent on 依赖。
independence解析：more 后接名词，independence 独立（不可数）。
making解析：avoid doing sth. 避免做某事。
to bring解析：allow sb. to do
taking解析：allow doing
to wear解析：be required to do
keeping解析：require doing
distance解析：a distance of… 一段…… 距离
independent解析：be independent on
distant解析：be distant from
being解析：avoid doing
arguing解析：avoid doing
avoidable解析：句意：这些是可避免的错误。
A解析：主语 we，allow sb. to do 允许某人做。
A解析：主语 it 单数，require sb. to do 要求。
B解析：be required to do 被要求做。
C解析：be allowed to do 被允许做。
A解析：in the distance 在远处，固定搭配。
A解析：Don’t + 动词原形，Don’t insult… 不要侮辱……
B解析：keep one’s distance 保持距离，用名词。
B解析：does 后接动词原形 allow。
B解析：avoid doing 避免做。
10. A解析：主语 good manners 是复数，用 depend on。冀教版英语八年级下册 Unit 4 Lesson 3 知识点讲解讲义 (学生版)
一、必会单词
口头的，口语的 spoken
远方，距离 distance
大叫，叫喊 yell
走廊，过道 hallway
侮辱，侮辱 insult
测试，检验 test
雕像，塑像 statue
认识，意识到 recognize
无礼的，不尊敬的 disrespectful
西方的 western
无礼的，粗鲁的 rude
取决于，依靠 depend
二、知识点精讲
知识点 1. allow 的用法:
allow 动词，意为 “允许，准许”。
允许某人做某事：allow sb to do sth.
例：我的父母允许我周末看电视。
My parents allow me ___________________ on weekends.
允许做某事：allow doing sth.
例：我们不允许在教室里吸烟。
We don’t _____________________ in the classroom.
被允许做某事：be allowed to do sth.
例：我们被允许放学后打篮球。We _______________________after school.
allowance，名词，意为 “零花钱，津贴”。
例：我的妈妈每周给我 20 元零花钱。
My mother gives me a weekly __________________ of 20 yuan.
知识点 2. require 的用法 :
require 动词，意为 “需要，要求，命令”。
需要某物 require sth
例：植物需要阳光和水。
Plants ___________________ sunlight and water.
要求某人做某事 require sb to do sth
例：老师要求我们按时完成作业。
The teacher _________________ our homework on time.
被要求做某事 be required to do sth.
例：我们被要求在图书馆保持安静。
We ____________________in the library.
需要被… ① require doing ② require to be done
注：句中的主语与 require 后的动词必须是被动关系。
例：这房间需要打扫。
The room ____________________.
知识点 3. distance 的用法
distance 名词，意为 “距离，间距，远方”。
在远处 in the distance
例：我们看到远处有一座山。
We saw a mountain ___________________.
隔开一段距离，从远处 at a distance
例：这幅画远看更好看。
The picture looks better _________________.
与… 保持距离 keep one’s distance from…
例：请和火源保持距离。
Please __________________. the fire
一段… 的距离 a distance of + 数字
例：从我家到学校有五公里。
It’s ___________________ from my home to school.
distant 形容词，意为 “遥远的，久远的”。
例：去年夏天我们参观了一个偏远的村庄。
We visited __________________ last summer
短语：离… 远，与… 疏远 be distant from
例：学校离我家很远。
The school ____________________my home
知识点 4. depend 的用法
depend 动词，意为 “依靠，依赖，取决于”。
依靠，依赖，取决于 depend on/upon
例 1：孩子们的衣食都依赖父母。
Children __________________ their parents for food and clothes.
例 2：我们的旅行取决于天气。
Our trip _____________________ the weather.
看情况，视情况而定 That depends/It depends.
例：—— 你要去公园吗？
—— 看情况吧，不下雨我就去。
— Will you go to the park
— ____________________. If it doesn’t rain, I’ll go.
dependent 形容词，意为 “依赖的，依靠的”。
依赖于…... be dependent on
例：这婴儿依赖于妈妈。
The baby _____________________ its mother.
independent 形容词，意为 “独立的，自主的”。
独立于…，不依赖 be independent of
例：青少年应该独立，不依赖于父母。
Teenagers should ___________________ their parents.
dependence 名词，意为 “依赖，依靠”
对… 的依靠 dependence on/upon sb/sth
例：他想减少对父母的依靠。
He wants to reduce ______________________his parents.
independence 名词，意为 “独立，自主”
例：她想要更多的独立自由。
She wants more __________________________.
知识点 5. avoid 的用法
avoid 动词，意为 “避免，避开，回避”
短语：避免做某事 avoid doing sth.
例：你应该避免吃太多糖。
You should ________________ too much sugar.
avoidable 形容词，意为 “可避免的”。
例：这个错误是可避免的。
The mistake is __________________.
unavoidable 形容词，意为 “不可避免的”。
例：交通堵塞有时不可避免。
Traffic jams are sometimes ____________________.
avoidance 名词，意为 “避免，回避”
短语：对… 的回避 the avoidance of…
例：规避危险很重要。
____________________ danger is important.冀教版英语八年级下册 Unit 4 Lesson 3 必会单词和短语默写
一、必会单词
1.口头的，口语的 ______________________
2.远方，距离 _______________________
3.大叫，叫喊 ___________________
4.走廊，过道 _____________________
5.侮辱，侮辱 ____________________
6.测试，检验 ___________________
7.雕像，塑像 ___________________
8.认识，意识到 _________________
9.无礼的，不尊敬的 ________________
10.西方的 __________________
11.无礼的，粗鲁的 __________________
12.取决于，依靠 _____________
二、知识点默写
知识点 1. allow 的用法:
(1)allow 动词，意为 __________________
允许某人做某事： ______________________
允许做某事：___________________________
被允许做某事： ____________________________
(2) allowance，名词，意为 __________________
知识点 2. require 的用法 :
require 动词，意为 ___________________
(1)需要某物 _______________________
(2)要求某人做某事 ________________________
(3) 被要求做某事 __________________________
(4) 需要被… ① ______________________ ② _______________________
注：句中的主语与 require 后的动词必须是 __________________
知识点 3. distance 的用法
(1)distance 名词，意为 _______________________
在远处 _________________
隔开一段距离，从远处 __________________
与… 保持距离 ________________________
一段… 的距离 ________________________
(2) distant 形容词，意为 ____________________
短语：离… 远，与… 疏远 ________________________
知识点 4. depend 的用法
(1)depend 动词，意为 _______________________
依靠，依赖，取决于 ______________________
看情况，视情况而定 ____________________
(2) dependent 形容词，意为 ____________________
依赖于…... _____________________
(3)independent 形容词，意为 _______________________
独立于…，不依赖 _______________________
(4) dependence 名词，意为 ________________________
对… 的依靠 ____________________________
(5) independence 名词，意为 _____________________
知识点 5. avoid 的用法
(1)avoid 动词，意为 _____________________
短语：避免做某事 _______________________
(2) avoidable 形容词，意为 ________________
(3) unavoidable 形容词，意为 ________________________
(4) avoidance 名词，意为 _____________________
短语：对… 的回避 _________________________
参考答案
一、
1.spoken
2. distance
3. yell
4. hallway
5. insult
6. test
7. statue
8. recognize
9. disrespectful
10.western
11.rude
12.depend
二、必会短语默写
知识点 1. allow 的用法:
允许，准许
① allow sb to do sth.
② allow doing sth.
③ be allowed to do sth.
（2）零花钱，津贴
知识点 2. require 的用法 :
需要，要求，命令
(1)require sth
(2) require sb to do sth
(3) be required to do sth.
(4) ① require doing ② require to be done
注： 被动关系。
知识点 3. distance 的用法
距离，间距，远方
①in the distance
② at a distance
③keep one’s distance from…
④ a distance of + 数字
(2) 遥远的，久远的
短语： be distant from
知识点 4. depend 的用法
(1)依靠，依赖，取决于
①depend on/upon
② That depends/It depends.
(2)依赖的，依靠的
be dependent on
(3)独立的，自主的
be independent of
(4)依赖，依靠
dependence on/upon sb/sth
(5)独立，自主
知识点 5. avoid 的用法
避免，避开，回避
短语： avoid doing sth.
(2)可避免的
(3) 不可避免的
(4) 避免，回避
短语： avoidance of…

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