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科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 12 The Wonderland of Literature
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖，共60词）
中文 英文 中文 英文
仙境；奇境 文学；文学作品
经典的；名著 仙子；小精灵
故事；传说 寓言
传记 商人
老鼠（单数） 老鼠（复数）
善良；友好 翻译
火柴；比赛 活着的
极冷的；冰冻的 火焰
火炉 烤；炙烤
鹅 闪光；闪现
天堂 灵魂
眼泪；撕开 特点；特征
剧作家 诗人
小说 诗；韵文
诗歌（总称） 舞台
表演；演出（名词） 社会
反映；反射 读者
出版；发行（动词） 是否（w-开头）
是否（i-开头） 创造；创作
令人惊叹的（-ing） 感到惊叹的（-ed）
令人感兴趣的（-ing） 感到感兴趣的（-ed）
令人感动的（-ing） 感到感动的（-ed）
令人兴奋的（-ing） 感到兴奋的（-ed）
墨水 移动；运动（名词）
美；美丽（名词） 童话故事
充分利用（短语） 把……翻译成
同样（短语） 成长为
熄灭（火/灯） 动身前往
阻止……做某事 各行各业
梦想；梦见 与……不同
出版（词组） 国内外
入睡 拍摄电影
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 童话故事 (f... t...) ___________________
2. 充分利用 (m... the b... o...) ___________________
3. 把……翻译成 (t... ... i...) ___________________
4. （火、灯等）熄灭 (g... o...) ___________________
5. 动身前往 (l... f...) ___________________
6. 阻止……做…… (p... ... f... d...) ___________________
7. 各行各业 (f... a... w... of l...) ___________________
8. 梦想；梦见 (d... of) ___________________
9. 与……不同 (be d... f...) ___________________
10. 出版；发表 (c... o...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. Alice fell asleep and dreamed that she entered a magical w________.
2. William Shakespeare was a famous English p________. He wrote many great plays.
3. If you want to know about Albert Einstein’s life, you should read his b________.
4. Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers in Chinese l________.
5. Xu Yuanchong t________ many famous Chinese poems into English and French.
四、单项选择（宾语从句及-ed/-ing后缀专练）
1. The story of the Little Match Girl is so ________ that we are all ________ to tears.
A. moving; moved B. moved; moving C. moving; moving D. moved; moved
2. Could you please tell me ________ I want to read it too.
A. where did you buy the classic novel B. where you bought the classic novel
C. when did you buy the classic novel D. how you bought the classic novel
3. The play *Teahouse* reflects the lives of people from all ________ of life in old China.
A. stages B. walks C. steps D. lines
4. I wonder ________ Lao She is a great writer or not.
A. that B. what C. whether D. where
5. My grandfather was very ________ in reading the history ________.
A. interested; novels B. interesting; novels C. interested; poems D. interesting; poems
6. The heavy rain didn't prevent the students ________ to the library.
A. for going B. from going C. to go D. of going
7. — Do you know ________ the new book will ________
— Next month.
A. what; go out B. when; go out C. when; come out D. why; come out
8. You should ________ the best of your time to read more classics.
A. take B. make C. do D. get
9. The match ________ suddenly and the poor girl felt freezing cold again.
A. put out B. went out C. came out D. worked out
10. Most of Li Bai's poems are about friendship and the ________ of nature.
A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautifully D. beauties
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 许渊冲把这首诗翻译成了英语。
Xu Yuanchong ________ the poem ________ English.
2. 他的第一本书是在2016年出版的。
His first book ________ ________ in 2016.
3. 任何困难都不能阻止我们走向成功。
No difficulty can ________ us ________ being successful.
4. 火焰熄灭了，她又回到了寒冷的黑暗中。
The flame ________ ________, and she was back in the cold dark.
5. 《茶馆》展现了来自各行各业的人们。
*Teahouse* shows people from ________ ________ ________ ________.
六、翻译句子
1. 请告诉我我在哪里能买到这本小说。(where)
___________________________________________________
2. 我想知道他是否读完了这则寓言。(wonder if/whether)
___________________________________________________
3. 这个童话故事的结局非常感人。(fairy tale; moving)
___________________________________________________
4. 他对中国传统文学很感兴趣。(be interested in)
___________________________________________________
5. 我们应该充分利用我们的时间去阅读名著。(make the best of)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约225词）
Reading is a great way to open the door to the magical wonderland of literature. Last week, our school held a wonderful Reading Week activity. All the students were highly (1)______ to share their favorite books with others. My classmate, Michael, shared a famous Chinese play called Teahouse. It was written by Lao She, one of the greatest (2)______ in Chinese history. The play perfectly shows the daily lives and changes of people from all walks of (3)______ in old China. The story is so (4)______ that many students said they wanted to read it immediately after his introduction.
As for me, I shared a classic fairy (5)______ written by Hans Christian Andersen. It was The Little Match Girl. The touching story is about a poor girl selling matches on a (6)______ New Year's Eve. When she lit the matches, she saw beautiful visions (幻象) in the bright (7)______. But when the matches went (8)______, the warm visions disappeared at once. The story has a very sad ending, and I was deeply (9)______ to tears by the little girl's poor life.
Through this unforgettable activity, I truly realized that literature is like a clear mirror. It can deeply (10)______ the real society and teach us how to be kinder people. We should make the best of our time to read more classics.
1. A. encouraged B. forced C. punished D. prevented
2. A. poets B. playwrights C. doctors D. engineers
3. A. time B. work C. life D. street
4. A. interesting B. interested C. boring D. bored
5. A. fable B. biography C. novel D. tale
6. A. warm B. hot C. freezing D. sunny
7. A. water B. flame C. sky D. ink
8. A. out B. on C. up D. off
9. A. moving B. moved C. exciting D. excited
10. A. change B. reflect C. destroy D. create
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约159词）
Dear Diary,
Today we learned about William Shakespeare and Li Bai in our English class. They are both giants in the wonderland of l__(1)__.
Shakespeare was a great English p__(2)__ and poet. He wrote many famous plays, such as Romeo and Juliet. His works have been t__(3)__ into many different languages so that readers worldwide can enjoy them. His plays are so a__(4)__ that people still perform them on s__(5)__ today.
Li Bai was one of the greatest poets in ancient China. Most of his p__(6)__ are about friendship and the b__(7)__ of nature. Sometimes he also expressed his loneliness. His classic works are heavily loved by Chinese people. Even young children can learn them by heart.
I w__(8)__ if I could be a great writer like them in the future. To achieve this, I must m__(9)__ the best of my time to read more. I will read a new b__(10)__ about their lives tomorrow.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇（60词全覆盖）
1. wonderland 2. literature 3. classic 4. fairy 5. tale 6. fable 7. biography 8. merchant 9. mouse 10. mice 11. kindness 12. translate 13. match 14. alive 15. freezing 16. flame 17. stove 18. roast 19. goose 20. flash 21. heaven 22. soul 23. tear 24. trait 25. playwright 26. poet 27. novel 28. poem 29. poetry 30. stage 31. performance 32. society 33. reflect 34. reader 35. publish 36. whether 37. if 38. create 39. amazing 40. amazed 41. interesting 42. interested 43. moving 44. moved 45. exciting 46. excited 47. ink 48. movement 49. beauty 50. fairy tale 51. make the best of 52. translate... into 53. just as 54. grow into 55. go out 56. leave for 57. prevent... from 58. from all walks of life 59. dream of 60. be different from 61. come out 62. home and abroad 63. fall asleep 64. shoot the film (注：此处顺延列出60+词汇)。
二、翻译短语
1. fairy tale 2. make the best of 3. translate... into 4. go out 5. leave for 6. prevent... from doing... 7. from all walks of life 8. dream of 9. be different from e out
三、词汇运用
1. wonderland（爱丽丝睡着了，梦见她进入了一个神奇的“仙境”。）
2. playwright（莎士比亚是一位著名的英国“剧作家”。他写了许多伟大的戏剧。）
3. biography（如果你想了解阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的一生，你应该读他的“传记”。）
4. literature（鲁迅是中国“文学”史上最伟大的作家之一。）
5. translated（许渊冲把许多中国名诗“翻译”成了英语和法语。过去式。）
四、单项选择
1. A。解析：考查-ed/-ing形容词辨析。修饰物(The story)用 -ing (moving 令人感动的)；修饰人(we)的感受用 -ed (moved 感到感动的)。故选 A。
2. B。解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句需使用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），A、C是疑问语序。同时“买这本名著”需地点状语，故选 B (where you bought...)。
3. B。解析：考查固定搭配。from all walks of life 意为“来自各行各业”，《茶馆》反映了旧中国各行各业人们的生活。
4. C。解析：考查宾语从句引导词。“我不知道老舍是否是一位伟大的作家”。whether... or not 意为“是否”，是固定搭配。
5. A。解析：考查-ed形容词及词义。人感到有趣用 interested (be interested in)。novel 意为“小说”，符合阅读语境。
6. B。解析：考查动词短语。prevent sb. from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”。
7. C。解析：考查宾语从句和短语。询问“新书什么时候出版”。when 表“何时”，come out 意为“出版；发行”。
8. B。解析：考查固定短语。make the best of 意为“充分利用”。你应该充分利用时间多读名著。
9. B。解析：考查动词短语。火柴突然“熄灭”了，可怜的女孩又感到冰冷刺骨。went out 意为“熄灭”。
10. A。解析：考查名词词义。李白的大部分诗歌是关于友谊和自然的“美”。beauty 意为“美；美丽（名词）”。
五、完成句子
1. translated; into。解析：把……翻译成 translate... into。
2. came; out。解析：出版/发行 come out（过去时came out）。
3. prevent; from。解析：阻止某人做某事 prevent sb. from doing sth.。
4. went; out。解析：熄灭 go out（过去时went out）。
5. all; walks; of; life。解析：各行各业 all walks of life。
六、翻译句子
1. Please tell me where I can buy this novel. 解析：考查 where 引导的宾语从句及陈述句语序。
2. I wonder if/whether he has finished reading the fable. 解析：考查 wonder if/whether 引导宾语从句。
3. The ending of this fairy tale is very moving. 解析：考查 fairy tale (童话故事) 和 moving (令人感动的)。
4. He is interested in traditional Chinese literature. 解析：考查 be interested in (对……感兴趣) 和 literature。
5. We should make the best of our time to read classics. 解析：考查 make the best of (充分利用) 及 classics。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约225词）
1-5 A B C A D
1. A。所有的学生都被高度“鼓励” (encouraged) 与他人分享喜欢的书。
2. B。《茶馆》是由中国历史上最伟大的“剧作家” (playwrights) 之一老舍创作的。
3. C。戏剧展现了旧中国各行各业人们的日常生活。from all walks of life。
4. A。故事是如此“令人感兴趣/有趣” (interesting) 以至于很多学生想立刻去读。
5. D。我分享了一篇安徒生写的经典童话“故事” (fairy tale)。
6-10 C B A B B
6. C。一个贫穷的小女孩在一个“极冷的/冰冻的” (freezing) 跨年夜卖火柴。
7. B。当她点燃火柴，她在明亮的“火焰” (flame) 中看到了美丽的幻象。
8. A。但当火柴“熄灭” (went out) 时，幻象立刻消失了。
9. B。故事结局很悲惨，我被深深地“感动” (moved) 到了流泪。be moved to tears。
10. B。文学就像一面清晰的镜子，它可以深深地“反映” (reflect) 现实社会。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约159词）
1. literature。解析：他们都是“文学” ( literature ) 仙境中的巨人。
2. playwright。解析：莎士比亚是一位伟大的英国“剧作家” ( playwright ) 和诗人。
3. translated。解析：他的作品被“翻译” ( translated ) 成了许多不同的语言。被动语态。
4. amazing。解析：他的戏剧如此“令人惊叹” ( amazing )。
5. stage。解析：人们今天仍然在“舞台” ( stage ) 上表演它们。
6. poems。解析：李白的大多数“诗歌” ( poems )。复数。
7. beauty。解析：关于友谊和自然的“美” ( beauty )。名词形式。
8. wonder。解析：我“想知道” ( wonder ) 未来我是否能成为像他们一样伟大的作家。I wonder if...
9. make。解析：我必须充分“利用” ( make ) 我的时间多读书。make the best of。
10. biography。解析：明天我将读一本关于他们生平的新“传记” ( biography )。科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖，共60词）
中文 英文 中文 英文
极好的；了不起的 文化
传统的 传统
古代的；古老的 贸易；交易（名词/动词）
路线；路途 丝绸
商人；交易者 生计；生活
表演；执行 表演；演出（名词）
动机；目的 乐器；工具
转换；词性转换 宾语
从句；分句 医学；药物
草本的；草药的 推拿（音译）
拔罐（音译） 针灸（音译）
疼痛；痛 压；按
舒服的 烤；烘烤
鸭子 品尝；味道
点餐；命令（名词/动词） 薄煎饼；烙饼
酱；调味汁 大葱；葱
卷；滚动 选择（名词）
叶子（单数/复数） 魔法；魔力
海报 收集；收藏品
商品；货物 商业；生意
商人 习俗；风俗
象征；标志 意义；意思
历史 自豪的；骄傲的
价值 传播；展开
庆祝；庆贺 水；浇水（名词/动词）
船；用船运（名词/动词） 暖和的；使温暖（形/动）
凉爽的；使变凉（形/动） 自由的；释放（形/动）
裙子；给……穿衣（名/动） 手；递给（名词/动词）
干净的；打扫（形/动） 整洁的；使整洁（形/动）
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 传统文化 (t... c...) ___________________
2. 丝绸之路 (the S... R...) ___________________
3. 谋生 (m... a l...) ___________________
4. 传递；传授 (p... o...) ___________________
5. 点餐；点单 (t... the o...) ___________________
6. 冷却；平静下来 (c... d...) ___________________
7. 穿上 / 给……穿衣 (d... i...) ___________________
8. 尝一尝 (h... a t... of) ___________________
9. 宾语从句 (o... c...) ___________________
10. 传统中药 (t... C... m...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. Tomorrow is our National Day. The students will p________ a short play to celebrate it.
2. Liu Mei loves t________ Chinese clothes like qipao very much.
3. In ancient times, businessmen t________ silk and tea with different countries.
4. The hot tea can help to c________ us down in such hot weather.
5. After a day’s hard work, Ms. Li wanted to f________ her mind by enjoying Beijing opera.
四、单项选择（宾语从句及词性转换专练）
1. Lingling told me that she ________ to make spring rolls from her mom.
A. learns B. is learning C. learned D. has learned
2. Look! My grandmother is going to ________ the flowers in the garden.
A. water B. water's C. watering D. watered
3. Did you hear ________ there will be a qipao show next week
A. what B. that C. which D. if
4. People began to ________ goods through the Grand Canal centuries ago.
A. ship B. ships C. shipping D. shipped
5. When my father has a pain in his back, he often tries ________. It's a traditional Chinese medical treatment.
A. roast duck B. green tea C. tuina D. paper-cuts
6. A Chinese saying goes, "One kind word can make people ________ in winter."
A. warm B. warmly C. warming D. to warm
7. I truly know ________ Chinese tea is very popular around the world.
A. that B. who C. where D. when
8. The girl chose a beautiful picture and ________ it to her mother.
A. hands B. handed C. handing D. hand
9. We always ________ our houses before the Spring Festival.
A. clean and tidy B. cleanly and tidily C. cleaned and tidied D. cleaning and tidying
10. If you visit Beijing, you shouldn't miss the famous traditional food — ________.
A. baguan B. Beijing roast duck C. zhenjiu D. Chinese herbal medicine
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 我们将讨论可以在哪里举办这个聚会。
We will have a discussion about where we can ________ ________ ________.
2. 那些名字来源于茶叶的颜色。
These names ________ ________ the colors of the tea leaves.
3. 刘梅喜欢穿旗袍去参加聚会。
Liu Mei likes ________ ________ ________ qipao for a party.
4. 我知道它是我们传统服饰的一部分。
I know that it is ________ ________ ________ our traditional clothes.
5. 喝热茶能使我们凉爽下来。
Drinking hot tea can ________ us ________.
六、翻译句子
1. 刘梅告诉我她在这趟旅行中学到了很多关于古代贸易的知识。(told me that...)
___________________________________________________
2. 他想了解更多不同的文化。(learn about)
___________________________________________________
3. 商人们与不同的国家进行丝绸和其他货物的贸易。(trade ... with)
___________________________________________________
4. 茶通常是传统节日礼物的首选之一。(one of the first choices)
___________________________________________________
5. 服务员朝我们走过来并点单。(come up to; take the order)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
Last month, our school held a special class meeting. The theme was "Love for China". We learned a lot about fantastic Chinese (1)______. During the meeting, my classmate Li Xiang (2)______ a short play about the ancient Silk Road. It was truly wonderful.
In the play, there were three brave (3)______. They traveled a long way to (4)______ silk and tea with people in other countries. The journey was full of difficulties, but they never gave up. They did this not only to make a (5)______, but also to bring Chinese products to the outside world. Through the play, I clearly knew (6)______ the Silk Road was a very important bridge. It tightly connected China with the West.
After watching the play, our teacher told us more about traditional Chinese things. She introduced traditional Chinese (7)______, like tuina and baguan, which can help people stay healthy. She also talked about delicious food like Beijing roast (8)______. She said that we should always be proud of our history. At the end of the meeting, she (9)______ each of us a beautiful paper-cut as a gift.
Now I deeply feel that our culture is a great treasure. I hope that more people around the world can learn about it. As young students, we must try our best to (10)______ on our beautiful traditions to the future.
1. A. culture B. science C. technology D. rule
2. A. performed B. read C. guessed D. copied
3. A. doctors B. traders C. farmers D. singers
4. A. wash B. trade C. play D. search
5. A. choice B. mistake C. living D. joke
6. A. what B. who C. that D. where
7. A. medicine B. clothes C. festivals D. music
8. A. chicken B. duck C. fish D. beef
9. A. handed B. threw C. sold D. returned
10. A. put B. pass C. depend D. turn
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
Dear Diary,
Today I had a great time with my foreign friend, Peter. I told him t__(1)__ Chinese food is an important part of our traditional c__(2)__. So, my father and I took him to a famous restaurant to eat Beijing r__(3)__ duck.
When the dish was served, Peter was very excited. The waiter showed us how to eat it properly. We put some meat and sweet sauce on a thin pancake and rolled it up. It t__(4)__ so delicious that Peter couldn't stop eating. After the duck, we ordered some hot green tea. The waiter told us the tea could help to c__(5)__ us down in such hot weather. Peter was amazed. He said that Chinese tea was a kind of magic m__(6)__.
During the meal, Peter also saw some women d__(7)__ themselves in beautiful qipao. He thought they looked very elegant. I am really p__(8)__ of our Chinese traditions. I hope t__(9)__ I can p__(10)__ on our fantastic culture to more people in the world.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇（60词全覆盖）
1. fantastic 2. culture 3. traditional 4. tradition 5. ancient 6. trade 7. route 8. silk 9. trader 10. living 11. perform 12. performance 13. motive 14. instrument 15. conversion 16. object 17. clause 18. medicine 19. herbal 20. tuina 21. baguan 22. zhenjiu 23. pain 24. press fortable 26. roast 27. duck 28. taste 29. order 30. pancake 31. sauce 32. green onion 33. roll 34. choice 35. leaf (leaves) 36. magic 37. poster 38. collection 39. goods 40. business 41. businessman 42. custom 43. symbol 44. meaning 45. history 46. proud 47. value 48. spread 49. celebrate 50. water 51. ship 52. warm 53. cool 54. free 55. dress 56. hand 57. clean 58. tidy
二、翻译短语
1. traditional culture 2. the Silk Road 3. make a living 4. pass on 5. take the order 6. cool down 7. dress in 8. have a taste of 9. object clause 10. traditional Chinese medicine
三、词汇运用
1. perform（明天是我们的国庆节。学生们将“表演”一出短剧来庆祝它。）
2. traditional（刘梅非常喜欢像旗袍这样的中国“传统的”服饰。）
3. traded（在古代，商人们与不同的国家“交易”丝绸和茶叶。过去式。）
4. cool（在如此炎热的天气里，热茶能帮助我们“凉爽”下来。cool down。）
5. free（经过一天辛苦的工作，李女士想通过欣赏京剧来“释放/放松”她的心灵。free 动词化用法。）
四、单项选择
1. C。解析：考查宾语从句时态。主句谓语 told 是过去时，宾语从句需用过去相应的时态。她“学到了”，用一般过去时 learned。
2. A。解析：考查词性转换。be going to 后接动词原形。water 在此处由名词转化为动词，意为“浇水”。
3. B。解析：考查宾语从句引导词。从句成分完整且句意明确“下周将有一场旗袍秀”，无需疑问词，用无词义的 that 引导，口语中常省略。
4. A。解析：考查词性转换。began to 后接动词原形。ship 在此处由名词转化为动词，意为“用船运/运输”。
5. C。解析：考查文化常识及词汇。根据“传统中医治疗”可知，背痛时尝试的是 tuina (推拿)。
6. A。解析：考查词性转换。make sb. do sth. (使某人做某事) / make sb. + adj.。此处 warm 既可看作形容词作宾补，也可视为动词原形（使……温暖），根据教材 Conversion 语法，选 A。
7. A。解析：考查宾语从句引导词。从句“Chinese tea is very popular around the world”成分完整，用 that 引导。
8. B。解析：考查词性转换及时态。and 连接并列谓语，前为 chose (过去式)，后也用过去式。hand 作动词意为“递给”，过去式为 handed。
9. A。解析：考查词性转换。always 后接动词原形，clean and tidy 在此处均由形容词转化为动词，意为“打扫并使整洁”。
10. B。解析：考查文化常识。去北京不应错过的著名传统美食是 Beijing roast duck (北京烤鸭)。
五、完成句子
1. hold; this; party。解析：举办聚会 hold this party。
2. come; from。解析：来源于/来自 come from。
3. dressing; herself; in。解析：喜欢做某事 like doing sth.，穿上/给……穿衣 dress in，且主语为刘梅，用反身代词 herself。
4. a; part; of。解析：……的一部分 a part of。
5. cool; down。解析：使……凉爽下来/平静下来 cool sb. down。
六、翻译句子
1. Liu Mei told me that she learned a lot about ancient trade during this trip. 解析：考查 that 引导的宾语从句及 ancient trade。
2. He wants to learn more about different cultures. 解析：考查 learn about (了解) 及 culture (文化)。
3. Businessmen traded silk and other goods with different countries. 解析：考查 trade ... with ... (与……交易) 及过去时。
4. Tea is usually one of the first choices for traditional festival presents. 解析：考查 one of the first choices (首选之一)。
5. The waiter came up to us and took the order. 解析：考查 take the order (点单) 及过去时态。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
1-5 A A B B C
1. A。我们了解了许多极好的中国“文化” (culture)。
2. A。李想“表演” (performed) 了一出关于古代丝绸之路的短剧。
3. B。在剧中，有三位勇敢的“商人/交易者” (traders)。
4. B。他们长途跋涉与其他国家的人们“交易” (trade) 丝绸和茶。
5. C。他们这样做不仅是为了“谋生” (make a living)。
6-10 C A B A B
6. C。我清楚地知道“丝绸之路是一座非常重要的桥梁”，成分完整，用 that 引导宾语从句。
7. A。她介绍了传统中“医” (medicine)，如推拿和拔罐。
8. B。她还谈到了美味的食物，如北京烤“鸭” (roast duck)。
9. A。她把精美的剪纸作为礼物“递给” (handed) 我们每一个人。词性转换 hand 的动词用法。
10. B。我们必须尽最大努力把我们美丽的传统“传递/传授” (pass) 给未来。pass on...。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
1. that。解析：我告诉他“中国食物是我们传统文化的重要组成部分”，宾语从句用 that 引导。
2. culture。解析：传统“文化” ( culture ) 的重要部分。
3. roast。解析：去著名餐厅吃北京“烤”鸭 ( roast duck )。
4. tasted。解析：它“尝起来” ( tasted ) 如此美味，以至于Peter停不下来。过去时。
5. cool。解析：茶能帮助我们在热天“凉爽” ( cool ) 下来。cool down。
6. medicine。解析：他说中国茶是一种神奇的“药” ( medicine )。
7. dressing。解析：看到一些妇女“穿着” ( dressing ) 漂亮的旗袍。see sb. doing sth.。词性转换 dress。
8. proud。解析：我为我们的中国传统感到非常“自豪” ( proud )。be proud of。
9. that。解析：我希望“我能把极好的文化传递给更多人”，宾语从句用 that 引导。
10. pass。解析：“传递/传授” ( pass ) 给世界上更多的人。pass on。科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 10 World in the Cloud
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖，共56词）
中文 英文 中文 英文
互联网；因特网 云；云端
在线的；联网的 连接；联系
网络；网状系统 遍及全球的
信息；消息 电子的
电子邮件 网站
交流；沟通 事实；真相
使娱乐；使欢乐 增加；增长
风险；危险 明智地；聪明地
屏幕；银幕 有害的
休息；间断 链接（名词）
账户 余额；平衡
商业；生意 搜索；搜寻
复制；抄写 保存；节省
票；入场券 课程
探索；探测 使惊奇；使惊愕
科技；技术 产品
服务 顾客；客户
专家 日常的；每日的
工具 社会媒体
电话（含tele-前缀） 电视（含tele-前缀）
电子书（含e-前缀） 电子货币（含e-前缀）
细节；详情 分类；归类
结论；推论 模型；模式
控制；管理 主语（基本句型成分）
谓语（基本句型成分） 宾语（基本句型成分）
表语（基本句型成分） 宾语补足语
直接宾语 间接宾语
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 搜寻信息 (s... f... i...) ___________________
2. 面对面 (f... to f...) ___________________
3. 开立账户 (o... an a...) ___________________
4. 查询余额 (c... b...) ___________________
5. 查阅；查找 (l... u...) ___________________
6. 充分利用 (m... g... u... of / m... the m... of) ___________________
7. 休息一下 (t... a b...) ___________________
8. 远离 (s... a... f...) ___________________
9. 为……打开大门 (o... the d... to...) ___________________
10. 与……建立联系 (c... w...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. The internet is a w________ network of computers that connects people everywhere.
2. We can easily c________ with our friends abroad by using WeChat or email.
3. You should keep a simple daily plan for your time o________ and follow it.
4. Too much s________ time is harmful to our eyes. We shouldn't look at phones for long.
5. As more people use the internet, the safety r________ also increase.
四、单项选择（基本句型、构词法及交际语专练）
1. The prefix (前缀) "tele-" in the word "telephone" means ________.
A. fast B. far C. electronic D. sound
2. Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of "S + V + P (主+系+表)"
A. The internet is helpful. B. I sent him an email. C. He works very hard. D. There is a computer here.
3. We found the internet very useful. This sentence belongs to the pattern of ________.
A. S + V + O B. S + V + IO + DO C. S + V + DO + OC D. S + V + P
4. To learn more about Chinese history, you can ________ the information on the website.
A. look up B. look at C. look after D. look like
5. The e-dictionary is an ________ dictionary. It helps us learn new words easily.
A. easy B. electronic C. empty D. English
6. My mother gave me a smart phone on my birthday. The word "me" is the ________.
A. subject (主语) B. direct object (直接宾语) C. indirect object (间接宾语) D. predicative (表语)
7. — My internet connection stopped suddenly. I was in the middle of a chess game!
— ________
A. Have fun! B. What a pity! C. You're welcome. D. I don't think so.
8. If you want to buy train tickets, you can do it on the internet. It is much ________.
A. harder B. easier C. heavier D. slower
9. We must learn how to use the internet ________ to keep ourselves safe and healthy.
A. wisely B. completely C. badly D. suddenly
10. Feiyang makes new friends on the internet and connects ________ students around the world.
A. to B. on C. with D. in
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 互联网为飞扬打开了一扇通往新世界的大门。
The internet ________ the ________ ________ a new world for Feiyang.
2. 通过明智地使用它，我们可以充分利用它。
By using it wisely, we can ________ the ________ ________ it.
3. 过多的屏幕时间对你的健康有害。
Too much screen time is ________ ________ your health.
4. 我们可以在网上开立账户并查询余额。
We can ________ an ________ and check the balance online.
5. 你最好远离那些不安全的网站。
You'd better ________ ________ ________ those unsafe websites.
六、翻译句子
1. 人们可以每天在互联网上搜索有用的信息。(search for)
___________________________________________________
2. 互联网使我们能够互相面对面交流。(face to face)
___________________________________________________
3. 每天设定一个上网的时间并按时休息。(take a break)
___________________________________________________
4. 我们对网上的大量有用信息感到惊讶。(be amazed by)
___________________________________________________
5. 很多传统的职业在未来可能会消失。(such as; disappear)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约215词）
The internet is a magical world in the cloud. It has changed our lives in many ways. Today, more and more students are using the internet for their study and daily activities. However, as we enjoy its convenience, we must also learn how to use the internet (1)______ and safely.
First, the internet is a great tool for learning. When we have problems with our homework, we can easily (2)______ for useful information online. We can also explore online (3)______ and connect with excellent teachers around the world. Besides, reading e-books on (4)______ is becoming popular because it saves both time and money.
Second, the internet makes communication much (5)______. In the past, people wrote letters by hand. Now, we can send emails or use social media to chat with our friends (6)______ to face, no matter where they are.
However, every coin has two sides. Spending too much time online is (7)______ to our eyes and health. We shouldn't stare at the (8)______ for too long. We need to take a break and do some outdoor exercise. What's more, we must be (9)______ with our personal information. Never share your passwords or addresses with strangers.
In short, the internet (10)______ the door to a new world. If we make good use of it, it will surely make our lives better.
1. A. wisely B. slowly C. badly D. sadly
2. A. pay B. search C. wait D. care
3. A. markets B. grades C. courses D. rules
4. A. TVs B. radios C. notebooks D. websites
5. A. harder B. easier C. heavier D. worse
6. A. hand B. eye C. face D. back
7. A. helpful B. useful C. friendly D. harmful
8. A. screen B. keyboard C. mouse D. cloud
9. A. proud B. careful C. angry D. strict
10. A. opens B. closes C. breaks D. locks
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
Dear Diary,
Today we discussed how the i__(1)__ helps people in different lines of work. It is truly an amazing n__(2)__ that connects the whole world.
For farmers, the internet brings a lot of help. They can learn useful skills from e__(3)__ to grow better fruit. They can also s__(4)__ their farm products online so that customers from far away can buy them. This increases their income greatly.
For teachers and students, the internet makes learning more convenient. During the pandemic, we had online classes. We could c__(5)__ with our teachers through computers and receive m__(6)__ instantly. We can also l__(7)__ up facts in the e-dictionary easily.
For doctors, they can have meetings online to d__(8)__ difficult diseases with doctors in other hospitals. It saves lives.
In my opinion, t__(9)__ is developing so fast. We should keep learning and m__(10)__ good use of the internet to create a better future.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇
1. internet 2. cloud 3. online 4. connection 5. network 6. worldwide 7. message 8. electronic 9. email 10. website 11. communicate 12. fact 13. entertain 14. increase 15. risk 16. wisely 17. screen 18. harmful 19. break 20. link 21. account 22. balance 23. business 24. search 25. copy 26. save 27. ticket 28. course 29. explore 30. amaze 31. technology 32. product 33. service 34. customer 35. expert 36. daily 37. tool 38. social media 39. telephone 40. television 41. e-book 42. e-money 43. detail 44. classify 45. conclusion 46. model 47. control 48. subject 49. verb/predicate 50. object 51. predicative 52. object complement 53. direct object 54. indirect object
二、翻译短语
1. search for information 2. face to face 3. open an account 4. check balance 5. look up 6. make good use of / make the most of 7. take a break 8. stay away from 9. open the door to... 10. connect with
三、词汇运用
1. worldwide（互联网是一个连接世界各地人们的“遍及全球的”计算机网络。）
2. communicate（我们可以通过微信或电子邮件轻松地与国外的盆友“交流”。）
3. online（你应该为你“在线的/上网的”时间制定一个简单的日常计划并遵守它。）
4. screen（太多的“屏幕”时间对我们的眼睛有害。）
5. risks（随着越来越多的人使用互联网，安全“风险”也随之增加。复数形式。）
四、单项选择
1. B。解析：考查构词法。前缀 tele- 意为“远距离的，远的”，如 telephone (电话，远距离传声)、television (电视，远距离传视)。故选 B (far)。
2. A。解析：考查基本句型。S(主语)+V(系动词)+P(表语)。The internet (S) + is (V/系动词) + helpful (P/形容词作表语)。B为SVOO，C为SV(不及物)，D为There be句型。故选 A。
3. C。解析：考查基本句型。We (S) + found (V) + the internet (DO/直接宾语) + very useful (OC/宾语补足语)。表示“发现……是……的”。故选 C。
4. A。解析：考查动词短语。look up 意为“查阅，查找”，符合“在网站上查找信息”的语境。look at 看；look after 照顾；look like 看起来像。
5. B。解析：考查构词法。前缀 e- 代表 electronic (电子的)，因此 e-dictionary 即 electronic dictionary。
6. C。解析：考查句子成分。My mother gave me a smart phone (S+V+IO+DO)。give sb. sth. 结构中，sb. (me) 是间接宾语，sth. (a smart phone) 是直接宾语。故选 C。
7. B。解析：考查交际用语。得知朋友下棋下到一半突然断网，应表示同情或遗憾，What a pity! (真遗憾！) 符合语境。
8. B。解析：考查形容词比较级。在网上买票比去车站买要“容易/方便得多”，用 much easier。
9. A。解析：考查副词。我们必须学习如何“明智地” (wisely) 使用互联网，以保持安全和健康。
10. C。解析：考查介词搭配。connect with 意为“与……建立联系/连接”。飞扬在网上结交新朋友，并与世界各地的学生建立联系。
五、完成句子
1. opens; door; to。解析：为……打开大门 open the door to...，主语为单数名词，用 opens。
2. make; most; of。解析：充分利用 make the most of / make good use of。
3. harmful; to。解析：对……有害 be harmful to...。
4. open; account。解析：开立账户 open an account。
5. stay; away; from。解析：远离 stay away from。had better 后接动词原形。
六、翻译句子
1. People can search for useful information on the internet every day. 解析：考查 search for (搜寻) 和 on the internet。
2. The internet helps/makes us to communicate face to face with each other. 解析：考查 face to face (面对面) 及基本句型。
3. Set a time to go online each day and take a break on time. 解析：考查 take a break (休息) 和祈使句。
4. We are amazed by lots of useful information on the internet. 解析：考查 be amazed by (对……感到惊讶)。
5. Many traditional jobs, such as drivers and reporters, may disappear in the future. 解析：考查 disappear (消失) 和 such as。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约215词）
1-5 A B C D B
1. A。我们必须学习如何“明智地” (wisely) 且安全地使用互联网。
2. B。我们可以轻松在网上“搜索” (search) 有用的信息。search for。
3. C。我们还可以探索在线“课程” (courses) 并与全世界的优秀教师联系。
4. D。此外，在“网站” (websites) 上阅读电子书正变得流行。
5. B。第二，互联网让沟通变得“更容易” (easier)。
6-10 C D A B A
6. C。我们可以发送电子邮件或使用社交媒体与朋友“面对面” (face to face) 聊天。
7. D。花太多时间上网对我们的眼睛和健康“有害的” (harmful)。be harmful to。
8. A。我们不应该盯着“屏幕” (screen) 太久。
9. B。而且，我们必须“小心/谨慎” (careful) 对待个人信息。be careful with。
10. A。简而言之，互联网“打开” (opens) 了一扇通往新世界的大门。open the door to...。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
1. internet。解析：我们讨论了“互联网” ( internet ) 是如何帮助各行各业的人们的。
2. network。解析：它真是一个连接全世界的神奇“网络” ( network )。
3. experts。解析：他们可以向“专家” ( experts ) 学习有用的技能来种出更好的水果。复数。
4. sell。解析：他们还可以在网上“出售” ( sell ) 农产品。
5. communicate。解析：我们可以通过电脑与老师“交流” ( communicate )。
6. messages。解析：并即时接收“信息” ( messages )。复数。
7. look。解析：我们也可以轻松在电子词典里“查阅” ( look ) 事实。look up。
8. discuss。解析：他们可以在线上开会，与其他医院的医生“讨论” ( discuss ) 疑难杂症。
9. technology。解析：在我看来，“科技/技术” ( technology ) 发展得如此之快。
10. make。解析：充分“利用” ( make ) 互联网创造美好未来。make good use of。科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 9 Forces of Nature
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖）
中文 英文 中文 英文
力；力量；自然力 自然界；大自然
灾难；灾祸 地震（复合词）
台风 洪水；水灾
暴风雪（复合词） 热浪；酷热期（复合词）
野火（复合词） 突然的
突然地 通常的；寻常的
混合；结合 摧毁；毁灭
原因；起因 影响；效果
保护；防护 安全的
安全；安全性 发生
危险的 水滴；落下
警告；警示 幸存；活下来
镇静的；平静的 严重地；厉害地
仔细地；小心地 迅速地；很快地
沉重地；猛烈地 更糟糕的（比较级）
最糟糕的（最高级） 更猛烈地（比较级）
最仔细地（最高级） 条件；状况
摇动；震动 损坏；损害（名词/动词）
困住的；卡住的 室内；在室内
室外；在室外 紧紧地
预报；预告 准备
逃跑；逃脱 方向；指导
刮风的；风大的 下雨的；多雨的
气候 温度
提供；供应 电力；电
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 自然灾害 (n... d...) ___________________
2. 保持冷静 (s... c...) ___________________
3. 尽某人最大努力 (t... o... b...) ___________________
4. 自然之力 (f... of n...) ___________________
5. 冲走；冲毁 (w... a...) ___________________
6. 查明原因 (f... o... the c...) ___________________
7. 保护我们自己免受…… (p... o... f...) ___________________
8. 因……被困 (be s... i...) ___________________
9. 对……造成影响 (h... an e... o...) ___________________
10. 安全提示 (s... t...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. A terrible e________ hit the city last night and many buildings fell down.
2. It rained so h________ that the streets were covered with water in a few hours.
3. We must stay c________ and think carefully when we are in danger.
4. The high t________ in summer often causes heatwaves in this area.
5. Global warming is one of the c________ of extreme weather.
四、单项选择（副词等级变化及复合词专练）
1. Of all the students in our class, Li Ming writes ________.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the more carefully
2. The wind blew ________ than yesterday, and many trees were broken.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
3. Which of the following words is a compound word (复合词)
A. suddenly B. direction C. snowstorm D. protection
4. When an earthquake happens, you should run out as ________ as possible.
A. quick B. quickly C. more quickly D. quicker
5. — The high-speed train is stuck in the snow.
— Yes, the weather is getting ________.
A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly
6. Wildfires spread ________ in dry and windy conditions.
A. easily B. more easy C. most easy D. easy
7. The rescue workers worked ________ of all to save the people in the flood.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
8. We should follow the safety tips ________ to keep ourselves safe.
A. close B. closely C. closer D. more close
9. The rain is beating ________ against the windows. We'd better stay indoors.
A. heavy B. heavier C. heavily D. most heavily
10. To ________ ourselves in natural disasters, we must learn some survival skills.
A. protect B. destroy C. cause D. shake
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 地震发生时，我们跑得比平时快得多。
When the earthquake happened, we ran much ________ ________ than usual.
2. 洪水不仅冲毁了房屋，还对农作物造成了影响。
The flood not only ________ ________ houses, but also ________ an ________ on crops.
3. 消防员们尽最大努力扑灭了这场野火。
The firefighters ________ ________ ________ to put out the wildfire.
4. 为了保持安全，你最好待在室内直到台风过去。
To keep safe, you'd better ________ ________ until the typhoon passes.
5. 这些乘客因为一场大暴风雪被困在了车站。
These passengers ________ ________ ________ the station because of a heavy snowstorm.
六、翻译句子
1. 人类不能阻止自然灾害的发生。(prevent... from...)
___________________________________________________
2. 了解灾难的原因和影响是很重要的。(cause and effect)
___________________________________________________
3. 昨天雨下得非常大。(rain heavily)
___________________________________________________
4. 如果你在室内，请躲在坚固的桌子底下。(hide under, strong desk)
___________________________________________________
5. 遵循安全提示能帮助我们在危险中生存下来。(safety tips, survive)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
Nature gives us everything we need, but sometimes it also shows its terrible power through natural disasters. Last summer, I experienced a terrible flood that taught me a deep lesson about safety and the forces of nature.
It was a typical weekend. It was raining (1)______ than usual. At first, we didn’t pay much attention. However, the water level of the river rose very (2)______. In just a few hours, the streets were completely covered with water. Many cars were (3)______ in the deep water.
Hearing the warning on the radio, my parents told my sister and me to stay (4)______. We knew that the (5)______ thing to do was to climb to a higher place. We quickly moved all the important things to the second floor of our house. My father checked the doors and windows (6)______ to make sure we were safe.
The heavy rain lasted for two days. (7)______, rescue workers arrived in small boats to help the people in danger. They worked much (8)______ than anyone could imagine to save lives. After the flood, our town suffered a lot of damage, but we were lucky to (9)______.
This experience made me realize that we can’t stop natural disasters, but we can prepare for them. Following safety tips is the best way to (10)______ ourselves.
1. A. heavily B. more heavily C. carefully D. easily
2. A. slowly B. gently C. quickly D. warmly
3. A. stuck B. lost C. parked D. driven
4. A. calm B. excited C. angry D. crazy
5. A. bad B. smart C. smartest D. worst
6. A. careful B. more carefully C. most carefully D. carefully
7. A. Luckily B. Sadly C. Finally D. Suddenly
8. A. harder B. less C. worse D. softer
9. A. die B. survive C. leave D. cry
10. A. catch B. protect C. teach D. hurt
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
Dear Diary,
Today our science teacher gave us an important lesson about the forces of n__(1)__. We learned a lot about different natural d__(2)__, such as earthquakes, typhoons and wildfires.
The teacher explained the c__(3)__ and effects of these events clearly. For example, a typhoon usually brings strong winds and heavy rain. It can blow down trees and d__(4)__ houses. Then, we watched a video about a terrible earthquake. It happened so s__(5)__ that many people got hurt.
Later, we discussed how to keep s__(6)__ during an earthquake. If we are indoors, we should hide u__(7)__ a strong desk and hold on to it tightly. If we are outside, we should run to an open space as fast as p__(8)__.
We cannot control the earth, but we can p__(9)__ for the worst. It is highly necessary for us to remember these safety t__(10)__.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇
1. force 2. nature 3. disaster 4. earthquake 5. typhoon 6. flood 7. snowstorm 8. heatwave 9. wildfire 10. sudden 11. suddenly 12. usual 13. mix 14. destroy 15. cause 16. effect 17. protection 18. safe 19. safety 20. happen 21. dangerous 22. drop 23. warning 24. survive 25. calm 26. badly 27. carefully 28. quickly 29. heavily 30. worse 31. worst 32. more heavily 33. most carefully 34. condition 35. shake 36. damage 37. stuck 38. indoors 39. outdoors 40. tightly 41. forecast 42. prepare 43. escape 44. direction 45. windy 46. rainy 47. climate 48. temperature 49. provide 50. electricity
二、翻译短语
1. natural disasters 2. stay calm 3. try one's best 4. forces of nature 5. wash away 6. find out the cause 7. protect ourselves from... 8. be stuck in 9. have an effect on... 10. safety tips
三、词汇运用
1. earthquake（昨晚一场可怕的“地震”袭击了这座城市，许多建筑物倒塌了。）
2. heavily（雨下得如此“大/猛烈”，以至于几个小时内街道就被水淹没了。修饰动词用副词heavily。）
3. calm（当我们处于危险中时，我们必须保持“冷静”并仔细思考。stay calm保持冷静。）
4. temperature（夏天的高“温度”经常导致该地区出现热浪。）
5. causes（全球变暖是极端天气的“原因”之一。one of + 复数名词causes。）
四、单项选择
1. C。解析：考查副词最高级。在班上“所有的”学生中，李明写得“最认真”。修饰动词writes用副词 carefully，三者或以上比较用最高级 most carefully。
2. B。解析：考查副词比较级。有 than 标志词，修饰动词 blew 需用副词比较级。hard 既是形容词也是副词，比较级为 harder。
3. C。解析：考查复合词。snowstorm (暴风雪) 由 snow 和 storm 两个独立单词构成，属于复合词 (Compound word)。其他选项多为加后缀派生。
4. B。解析：考查副词原级。as... as 之间用形容词或副词原级。修饰动词 run out 用副词 quickly。
5. B。解析：考查形容词比较级。高铁被困在雪里，说明天气正变得“更糟糕”。get worse。
6. A。解析：考查副词。野火在干燥多风的条件下蔓延得“很容易”。修饰动词 spread 需用副词 easily。
7. C。解析：考查副词最高级。根据 of all 可知用最高级，修饰动词 worked 用副词 hardest。
8. B。解析：考查副词。我们应该“密切/严密地”遵守安全提示，以保护自己安全。follow sth closely 为固定用法。
9. C。解析：考查副词。雨正在“猛烈地”拍打窗户。修饰动词 beating 用副词 heavily。
10. A。解析：考查动词。为了在自然灾害中“保护”我们自己，我们必须学习一些生存技能。protect 保护。
五、完成句子
1. more; quickly/fast。解析：跑得更快 ran more quickly/faster，有much修饰比较级。
2. washed; away; had; effect。解析：冲毁 wash away（过去时washed away）；对……造成影响 have an effect on（过去时had an effect）。
3. tried; their; best。解析：尽最大努力 try one's best（过去时 tried their best）。
4. stay; indoors。解析：待在室内 stay indoors。
5. were; stuck; in。解析：被困在…… be stuck in。一般过去时的被动语态 were stuck in。
六、翻译句子
1. Humans cannot prevent natural disasters from happening. 解析：考查 prevent sb./sth. from doing sth. (阻止……发生) 和 natural disasters。
2. It is important to know the causes and effects of disasters. 解析：考查 It is adj. to do sth. 句型及 causes and effects (原因和影响)。
3. It rained very heavily yesterday. 解析：考查 rain heavily (雨下得大) 及副词修饰动词。
4. If you are indoors, please hide under a strong desk. 解析：考查 if 条件句、hide under (躲在……下) 以及 strong desk。
5. Following safety tips can help us survive in danger. 解析：考查动名词作主语 Following safety tips、help sb. do sth. 以及 survive (幸存)。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
1-5 B C A A C
1. B。雨下得比平时“更大/更猛烈”。根据 than 可知用比较级，修饰 raining 用副词 more heavily。
2. C。然而，河水水位上升得非常“快” (quickly)。
3. A。许多汽车在深水中被“困住”了。be stuck in。
4. A。听到收音机里的警告，父母告诉我和妹妹保持“冷静” (stay calm)。
5. C。我们知道“最明智的” (smartest) 做法是爬到高处。
6-10 D A A B B
6. D。我父亲“仔细地” (carefully) 检查了门窗以确保安全。副词修饰动词。
7. A。“幸运的是” (Luckily)，救援人员乘坐小船赶来帮助危险中的人们。
8. A。他们工作得比任何人能想象的都要“更努力” (harder) 来拯救生命。比较级。
9. B。洪水过后我们镇遭受了很大损失，但我们很幸运能“活下来/幸存” (survive)。
10. B。遵循安全提示是“保护” (protect) 我们自己的最佳方式。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
1. nature。解析：关于自然之力的重要一课，forces of “自然” ( nature )。
2. disasters。解析：我们学习了许多关于不同的自然“灾害” ( disasters )，如地震、台风等。
3. causes。解析：老师清楚地解释了这些事件的“原因” ( causes ) 和影响 (effects)。
4. destroy。解析：它能吹倒树木并“摧毁/破坏” ( destroy ) 房屋。
5. suddenly。解析：它发生得如此“突然” ( suddenly )，以至于许多人受了伤。
6. safe。解析：我们讨论了在地震中如何保持“安全” ( safe )。keep safe。
7. under。解析：我们应该躲在一张坚固的书桌“下面” ( under ) 并紧紧抓住它。
8. possible。解析：尽可能快地跑到开阔地带。as fast as “可能的” ( possible )。
9. prepare。解析：但我们可以为最坏的情况做“准备” ( prepare )。prepare for。
10. tips。解析：记住这些安全“提示” ( tips ) 对我们来说是非常必要的。科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 7 Be a Better Learner!
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖，共56词）
中文 英文 中文 英文
学习者 参加；出席
演讲；讲话 亲戚；亲属
魔法；魔力 神奇的；魔术的
复制；抄写 大声地；出声地
笔记本 课文；文本
每当；无论何时 复述；重复
口头的 在国外
笔；钢笔 死；死亡
背景 使想起；提醒
使失望 想象
教育学家；教育家 国家；州；状态
大师 私立的；私营的
青年时期；青年 医疗的；医学的
药；医学 国家；民族
唤醒；醒来 精神；灵魂
自然界；大自然 自然的；天然的
传统 传统的
触觉；触碰 复述
复习；回顾 草稿；草案
建议；提议 改进；改善
木板；布告牌 布告栏；公告牌
平衡；匀称 细节；详情
头痛 做实验
做笔记 给某人一些建议
仔细检查；反复研究 抄录
单凭记忆；能背诵 出发；动身
开始从事 努力争取
文化背景 把……付诸实践
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 做笔记 (t... n...) ___________________
2. 给某人一些建议 (g... sb. s... a...) ___________________
3. 仔细检查 / 复习 (g... o...) ___________________
4. 单凭记忆 / 能背诵 (b... h...) ___________________
5. 抄录 (c... d...) ___________________
6. 开始从事 (t... u...) ___________________
7. 出发 / 动身 (s... o...) ___________________
8. 为……而斗争 / 努力争取 (f... f...) ___________________
9. 文化背景 (c... b...) ___________________
10. 把……付诸实践 (p... ... i... p...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. A book is a m________ world. Anything can happen in books.
2. The girl has a n________ ability to learn foreign languages.
3. Our teacher asks us to r________ the new words aloud every morning.
4. Eating dumplings is a t________ custom for Chinese people on the Spring Festival.
5. I don't know how to learn English well. Can you give me some s________
四、单项选择（时间状语从句及词缀用法专练）
1. I can read the English words aloud ________ I see them.
A. whenever B. whatever C. whoever D. wherever
2. I didn’t understand the meaning of the word ________ I looked it up in the dictionary.
A. if B. because C. until D. since
3. ________ Li Xiang is watching TV, Liu Mei is doing her homework.
A. After B. While C. Before D. Until
4. Please tell me ________ you finish reading the book.
A. as soon as B. as well as C. as long as D. as far as
5. Lu Xun gave up ________ and took up writing to awaken the spirits of the Chinese people.
A. medical B. medicine C. med D. medic
6. Helen Keller lost her sight and hearing at a very young age, but she overcame the difficulties and became a great ________.
A. education B. educate C. educator D. educational
7. You should ________ what the teacher says carefully in class if you want to get good grades.
A. go over B. take notes C. take up D. fight for
8. I always read the texts aloud every morning and learn them ________ heart.
A. in B. on C. with D. by
9. Remember to take your umbrella with you ________ you leave home. It's going to rain.
A. before B. after C. until D. while
10. I remembered ________ about this in Mr. Li’s geography class.
A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 老师给我们提了一些关于学习英语的好建议。
The teacher ________ us some good ________ on learning English.
2. 无论何时你有空，你都应该仔细复习这些笔记。
________ you have free time, you should ________ ________ these notes carefully.
3. 鲁迅决定放弃医学，开始从事写作。
Lu Xun decided to ________ ________ medicine and ________ ________ writing.
4. 从那以后，我开始渐渐喜欢上了他，也喜欢上了数学。
After that, I began to love him and math ________ ________.
5. 没有任何困难能阻止我们走向成功。
No difficulty can ________ us ________ being successful.
六、翻译句子
1. 我昨天下午参加了一场演讲。(attend a speech)
___________________________________________________
2. 通过背诵来学习是一个好方法。(learn by heart)
___________________________________________________
3. 了解文化背景能帮助你更好地理解课文。(cultural background)
___________________________________________________
4. 这张照片使我想起了我的童年。(remind sb. of)
___________________________________________________
5. 她决心要把自己的新想法付诸实践。(put... into practice)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
Many students often want to find out how to be a better learner. In my own opinion, developing good study habits is the most important step. Last year, I found it very difficult to learn English well and quickly. I often felt deeply (1)______ when I got bad grades. Then I finally decided to ask my English teacher for some (2)______. She smiled warmly and told me some useful ways to improve my English.
First of all, she suggested that I should (3)______ notes carefully while listening to the teacher in class. (4)______ I have free time, I should go over them to remember the key points. Second, reading (5)______ is a great way to practice oral English. She told me to read the texts every morning (6)______ I could learn them by heart. Third, learning should be fun. I can watch English movies or sing English songs to build my (7)______ background.
I began to put these ideas (8)______ practice daily. Every morning, I woke up early and practiced speaking English. At first, it was quite hard, but I didn't give up. (9)______ a few months of hard work, I made great (10)______ in my English. Now I am very confident and I truly believe that everyone can be a good language learner if they try their best.
1. A. disappointed B. glad C. excited D. proud
2. A. money B. books C. advice D. time
3. A. take B. make C. get D. bring
4. A. Before B. Whenever C. Although D. Unless
5. A. aloud B. alone C. quietly D. completely
6. A. if B. because C. until D. since
7. A. medical B. magical C. traditional D. cultural
8. A. in B. into C. onto D. up
9. A. After B. Before C. During D. Until
10. A. attention B. mistakes C. improvement D. decisions
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
Dear Diary,
Lu Xun is considered one of the greatest masters in Chinese history. He was born in Shaoxing, a beautiful traditional town. In his y__(1)__, he went to Japan to study m__(2)__ because he wanted to save sick people. However, after watching a movie there, he soon realized that a strong n__(3)__ needed more than healthy bodies. It badly needed to a__(4)__ people's minds and spirits. So, he made a big decision. He gave up medicine and t__(5)__ up writing.
In 1909, he came back to his motherland, China, and began to fight f__(6)__ the Chinese people. He cleverly used his p__(7)__ as a weapon to write many famous articles. Through his wonderful writing, he deeply wanted to r__(8)__ the people of their long cultural b__(9)__ and help them build a brighter future. Although he d__(10)__ many years ago, his great spirit still lives in our hearts. He will always be remembered as a true hero.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇（56词全覆盖）
1. learner 2. attend 3. speech 4. relative 5. magic 6. magical 7. copy 8. aloud 9. notebook 10. text 11. whenever 12. repeat 13. oral 14. abroad 15. pen 16. die 17. background 18. remind 19. disappoint 20. imagine 21. educator 22. state 23. master 24. private 25. youth 26. medical 27. medicine 28. nation 29. awaken 30. spirit 31. nature 32. natural 33. tradition 34. traditional 35. touch 36. retell 37. review 38. draft 39. suggestion 40. improvement 41. board 42. bulletin board 43. balance 44. detail 45. headache 46. do an experiment 47. take notes 48. give sb. some advice 49. go over 50. copy down 51. by heart 52. set off 53. take up 54. fight for 55. cultural background 56. put... into practice
二、翻译短语
1. take notes 2. give sb. some advice 3. go over 4. by heart 5. copy down 6. take up 7. set off 8. fight for 9. cultural background 10. put ... into practice
三、词汇运用
1. magical（书是一个“神奇的”世界。形容词后缀 -al：magic变magical。）
2. natural（这个女孩有学习外语的“天然的/天生的”能力。nature变natural。）
3. repeat（我们的老师要求我们每天早上大声“复述/跟读”生词。）
4. traditional（吃饺子是中国人春节的一项“传统的”习俗。tradition变traditional。）
5. suggestions（我不知道怎么学好英语。你能给我一些“建议”吗？用复数。）
四、单项选择
1. A。解析：考查时间状语从句引导词。“无论何时”看到这些英语单词，我都能大声读出来。表示无论何时用 whenever。
2. C。解析：考查时间状语从句。“直到”我在字典里查了这个单词，我才明白它的意思。not ... until ... (直到……才……)。
3. B。解析：考查时间状语从句。“当”李想在看电视的时候，刘梅正在做作业。强调动作同时进行用 While。
4. A。解析：考查时间状语从句。你“一”读完这本书请就告诉我。as soon as 意为“一……就……”。
5. B。解析：考查名词。鲁迅放弃了“医学” (medicine) ，开始从事写作。medical 为形容词，此处作介词宾语应使用名词。
6. C。解析：考查派生词。海伦·凯勒克服困难，成为了一位伟大的“教育家” (educator)。
7. B。解析：考查动词短语。如果你想取得好成绩，上课时你应该认真“做笔记” (take notes)。
8. D。解析：考查固定搭配。learn sth. by heart 意为“单凭记忆，能背诵”。
9. A。解析：考查时间状语从句。在离开家“之前” ( before ) 记得带上伞。
10. D。解析：考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”。我记得在李老师的地理课上“学过”这个。
五、完成句子
1. gave; advice。解析：给某人建议 give sb. advice (过去时gave，advice为不可数名词)。
2. Whenever; go; over。解析：无论何时 Whenever；仔细检查/复习 go over。
3. give; up; take; up。解析：放弃 give up；开始从事 take up（decide to 后加动词原形）。
4. as; well。解析：也 as well (常放句末)。
5. stop; from。解析：阻止某人做某事 stop sb. from doing sth.。
六、翻译句子
1. I attended a speech yesterday afternoon. 解析：考查 attend a speech (参加一场演讲) 及过去时。
2. Learning by heart is a good way. 解析：考查 learn by heart (背诵/单凭记忆学习) 及动名词作主语。
3. Knowing the cultural background can help you understand the text better. 解析：考查 cultural background (文化背景)。
4. This photo reminds me of my childhood. 解析：考查 remind sb. of (使某人想起)。
5. She is determined to put her new ideas into practice. 解析：考查 put ... into practice (把……付诸实践)。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
1-5 A C A B A
1. A。当我成绩不好时，我常常感到深深的“失望” (disappointed)。
2. C。我决定向我的英语老师寻求一些“建议” (advice)。ask sb. for advice。
3. A。首先，她建议我在课堂听讲时要认真“做” (take) 笔记。take notes。
4. B。“无论何时” (Whenever) 我有空，我都应该复习它们来记住要点。
5. A。其次，“大声地” (aloud) 朗读是练习英语口语的好方法。read aloud。
6-10 C D B A C
6. C。她让我每天早上读课文，“直到” (until) 我能背下来。引导时间状语从句。
7. D。看英文电影或听英文歌来建立我的“文化” (cultural) 背景。cultural background。
8. B。我开始每天把这些想法付诸“实践” (put... into practice)。
9. A。经过几个月的努力工作“之后” (After)。
10. C。我的英语取得了巨大的“进步/改善” (improvement)。make improvement。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
1. youth。解析：在他的“青年时期” ( youth )，他去日本学医。In his youth。
2. medicine。解析：去日本学习“医学” ( medicine )。study medicine。
3. nation。解析：他意识到一个强大的“国家/民族” ( nation ) 需要的不仅仅是健康的身体。
4. awaken。解析：它急需“唤醒” ( awaken ) 人们的思想和精神。
5. took。解析：他放弃了医学，“开始从事” ( took ) 写作。take up的过去式。
6. for。解析：开始“为” ( for ) 中国人民而斗争。fight for。
7. pen。解析：他巧妙地把他的“笔” ( pen ) 作为武器写下了许多著名文章。
8. remind。解析：他深切地想要“提醒/使想起” ( remind ) 人们他们悠久的文化背景。remind sb. of。
9. background。解析：文化“背景” ( background )。cultural background。
10. died。解析：虽然他多年前“去世” ( died ) 了。过去式。科普版八年级下册同步练习
UNIT 8 Every Coin Counts!
一、默写词汇（核心词汇全覆盖，共72词）
中文 英文 中文 英文
硬币 数数；有价值
通货；货币 美元
英镑 欧元
现金 信用；赞誉
信用卡 个人的；私人的
口袋 零花钱
预算 余额；平衡
节省物；存款 价值
历史 目的；意图
说服；劝说 通知；告知
使欢乐；娱乐 推断；推理
贸易；交易 贝壳；壳
玛瑙贝 金属
标准；水准 收据
纸币；钞票 数字的
付款；支付 应用程序
依赖；依靠 更喜欢
代替；反而 伤害；损害
管理；经营 准确的；精确的
确切地 联系；连接(名词)
连接(动词) 承诺；诺言
财富 创造(动词)
创造物 发明(动词)
发明物 讨论(动词)
讨论(名词) 决定(动词)
决定(名词) 收集(动词)
收藏品 陈述(动词)
声明；陈述(名词) 介绍(动词)
介绍(名词) 保护(动词)
保护(名词) 行动(动词)
行动(名词) 指导(动词)
方向；指导(名词) 表达(动词)
表达(名词) 意义；意思
记录；唱片 系统
中央的；中心的 现代的
有价值的 提供；供应
二、翻译短语（重点句型短语全覆盖）
1. 积少成多 / 分毫必争 (e... c... c...) ___________________
2. 零花钱 (p... m...) ___________________
3. 出国旅行 (t... a...) ___________________
4. 用信用卡付款 (p... by c... c...) ___________________
5. 个人信息 (p... i...) ___________________
6. 制定月度预算 (m... a m... b...) ___________________
7. 依靠；取决于 (d... o...) ___________________
8. 对……造成伤害 (d... h... to) ___________________
9. 坚持 (s... to) ___________________
10. 宁愿……也不愿…… (p... ... to ...) ___________________
三、词汇运用（根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填空）
1. Don't waste your pennies. Remember, every c________ counts!
2. If you travel a________, remember to take some foreign cash with you.
3. Alexander Graham Bell is famous for the i________ of the telephone.
4. I p________ reading books to watching TV in my free time.
5. We should save money because it is a very v________ resource.
四、单项选择（If条件句、后缀-ion及交际语专练）
1. If it ________ tomorrow, we will not go for a picnic.
A. rains B. will rain C. rain D. rained
2. They prefer ________ by credit card because it's easy and safe.
A. pay B. to pay C. paid D. pays
3. Could you give me a brief ________ of this new payment app
A. introduce B. introduction C. intro D. introducing
4. You'd better ________ your personal information with strangers online.
A. not share B. not to share C. don't share D. didn't share
5. The paper money is a great ________. It changed the world.
A. invent B. inventor C. invention D. inventing
6. Our teacher asked us to have a ________ about how to manage pocket money.
A. discuss B. discussion C. to discuss D. discussing
7. If you ________ a monthly budget, you will know exactly where your money goes.
A. make B. will make C. made D. makes
8. Staying up late playing computer games will do great ________ to your health.
A. good B. harm C. help D. favor
9. The main ________ of the meeting is to help students learn to protect themselves.
A. purpose B. cash C. dollar D. pocket
10. I think ________ is very fast and convenient in China now.
A. digital payment B. cowrie shells C. metal coins D. heavy cash
五、根据汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）
1. 如果你存钱，你就可以自己买它。
If you save money, you ________ ________ for it by yourself.
2. 这件漂亮的外套花了他一百元。
This beautiful coat ________ him one hundred ________.
3. 抱歉，我今天身上没带任何现金。
Sorry, I don't have any ________ ________ me today.
4. 我们决定坚持我们最初的储蓄计划。
We decided to ________ ________ our first saving plan.
5. 与看电影相比，他更喜欢读一本好书。
He ________ a good book ________ a movie.
六、翻译句子
1. 每分钱都有价值 / 积少成多！(Every coin counts!)
___________________________________________________
2. 如果你在网上购物，你必须小心。(If you shop online...)
___________________________________________________
3. 制定月度预算是一个好主意。(make a monthly budget)
___________________________________________________
4. 你最好叫别人帮你检查一下。(You'd better...)
___________________________________________________
5. 人们使用移动电话付款而不是现金。(instead of)
___________________________________________________
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
Do you know how to manage your pocket money Many teenagers have no idea about it. In the past, I was one of them. Whenever my parents gave me my monthly pocket money, I would spend it very quickly. I often bought snacks, comic books, or cheap toys.
As a result, I never had enough money when I really needed to buy something important. One day, I saw a beautiful guitar in a music shop. I really wanted to buy it, but I didn't have any savings. I asked my mother for help. She said, "If you learn to make a budget, I will pay for half of it."
I agreed and started to make a monthly saving plan. First, I wrote down my total pocket money. Then, I made a list of my necessary costs, such as bus fares and school things. I decided to stop buying useless snacks. By doing this, I could clearly see my balance and save some money every week. It was a bit hard at the beginning, but I stuck to my plan.
Six months later, I finally saved enough money and bought that guitar. This valuable experience taught me a lot. Now I deeply understand that every coin counts. If we spend our money wisely, we can surely achieve our big goals.
1. A. manage B. waste C. hide D. make
2. A. carefully B. slowly C. quickly D. wisely
3. A. much B. enough C. little D. free
4. A. ideas B. savings C. friends D. chances
5. A. mistake B. speech C. budget D. promise
6. A. total B. low C. high D. cheap
7. A. terrible B. necessary C. strange D. expensive
8. A. borrow B. lend C. waste D. save
9. A. stuck B. agreed C. pointed D. looked
10. A. badly B. wisely C. proudly D. simply
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
Dear Diary,
Today we learned about the fascinating h__(1)__ of money in our English class. In ancient times, people didn't have coins or b__(2)__. Instead, they used to trade things directly. Later, they began to use cowrie s__(3)__ as a form of currency because they were light and easy to carry.
As time went by, metals like gold and silver became the standard. Then, the Chinese i__(4)__ paper money, which was a great i__(5)__ in history. It made doing business much easier across the country.
Nowadays, the way we pay for things has changed a lot. If you travel in China, you will find people pay with their mobile phones nearly everywhere. D__(6)__ payment is very fast and convenient. We can use a__(7)__ like WeChat or Alipay to pay for almost everything. However, we must also be careful with our p__(8)__ information online. I think it is highly v__(9)__ to learn how to keep our money and accounts s__(10)__.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案及解析
一、默写词汇（72词全覆盖）
1. coin 2. count 3. currency 4. dollar 5. pound 6. euro 7. cash 8. credit 9. credit card 10. personal 11. pocket 12. pocket money 13. budget 14. balance 15. saving 16. value 17. history 18. purpose 19. persuade 20. inform 21. entertain 22. inference 23. trade 24. shell 25. cowrie 26. metal 27. standard 28. receipt 29. banknote 30. digital 31. payment 32. app 33. depend 34. prefer 35. instead 36. harm 37. manage 38. exact 39. exactly 40. connection 41. connect 42. promise 43. wealth 44. create 45. creation 46. invent 47. invention 48. discuss 49. discussion 50. decide 51. decision 52. collect 53. collection 54. state 55. statement 56. introduce 57. introduction 58. protect 59. protection 60. act 61. action 62. direct 63. direction 64. express 65. expression 66. meaning 67. record 68. system 69. central 70. modern 71. valuable 72. provide
二、翻译短语
1. every coin counts 2. pocket money 3. travel abroad 4. pay by credit card 5. personal information 6. make a monthly budget 7. depend on 8. do harm to 9. stick to 10. prefer ... to ...
三、词汇运用
1. coin（不要浪费你的便士。记住，积少成多/每分钱都有价值！every coin counts 是课文主标题。）
2. abroad（如果你去“国外”旅行，记得带些外币现金。travel abroad 出国旅行。）
3. invention（亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔因电话的“发明”而闻名。名词后缀 -ion，invent变为invention。）
4. prefer（在空闲时间，我“更喜欢”看书而不是看电视。prefer doing A to doing B。）
5. valuable（我们应该存钱，因为它是一种非常“有价值的”资源。）
四、单项选择
1. A。解析：考查 If 引导的条件状语从句。主句是一般将来时 (will not go)，从句必须用一般现在时表将来。it 是单数第三人称，故选 rains。
2. B。解析：考查 prefer 的用法。prefer 后可接动词不定式或 v.-ing 形式，prefer to pay 意为“更喜欢付款”。
3. B。解析：考查后缀 -ion。a brief 后需要接名词。introduce 的名词形式是 introduction (介绍)。
4. A。解析：考查 had better 的用法。you'd better (not) do sth. 意为“你最好(不)做某事”，否定词 not 直接加在动词原形前，故选 not share。
5. C。解析：考查名词词义辨析。纸币是一项伟大的“发明” ( invention )，它改变了世界。inventor 意为“发明家”。
6. B。解析：考查后缀 -ion 构成的名词。have a 后接名词，discuss 的名词形式是 discussion (讨论)。
7. A。解析：考查 If 条件状语从句。主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时 (will know)，从句用一般现在时。you 为第二人称，动词用原形 make。
8. B。解析：考查固定搭配。do harm to 意为“对……造成伤害”。熬夜打游戏会对你的健康造成巨大伤害。
9. A。解析：考查名词。会议的主要“目的” ( purpose ) 是帮助学生学会保护自己。
10. A。解析：考查语境词汇。我认为现在在中国，“数字支付” ( digital payment ) 非常快速且方便。
五、完成句子
1. can; pay。解析：为……付款 pay for，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
2. cost; yuan。解析：某物花某人多少钱 Sth. cost sb. + 金钱。时态为一般过去时，cost 的过去式不变；元 yuan，单复数同形。
3. cash; with。解析：随身携带现金 have cash with sb.。
4. stick; to。解析：坚持 stick to，决定做某事 decide to do。
5. prefers; to。解析：相比于……更喜欢 prefer A to B。主语 He 是三单，故用 prefers。
六、翻译句子
1. Every coin counts! 解析：考查本单元标题，意为每一分钱都很重要/积少成多。
2. If you shop online, you must be careful. 解析：考查 If 引导的条件状语从句，主将从现或主句含情态动词。
3. Making a monthly budget is a good idea. 解析：考查 make a monthly budget (制定月度预算) 及动名词作主语。
4. You'd better ask someone to check it out for you. 解析：考查 You'd better do (你最好做某事)，原句出自教材 Notes to the text。
5. People use mobile phones to pay instead of cash. 解析：考查 instead of (代替/而不是)。
七、完形填空（词汇量：约220词）
1-5 A C B B C
1. A。你知道如何“管理” (manage) 你的零花钱吗？
2. C。我总是把钱花得很“快” (quickly)，常常买零食或便宜玩具。
3. B。结果，当我真正需要买重要东西时，我从没有“足够的” (enough) 钱。
4. B。我很想买那把吉他，但我没有任何“存款” (savings)。
5. C。妈妈说：“如果你学会制定‘预算’ (budget)，我会替你付一半的钱。”
6-10 A B D A B
6. A。首先，我写下我的“总” (total) 零花钱。
7. B。然后我列出了“必要的” (necessary) 花销，如公交车费和学习用品。
8. D。通过这样做，我能清楚看到余额并每周“存” (save) 点钱。
9. A。一开始有点难，但我“坚持” (stuck) 了我的计划。stick to 过去式为 stuck to。
10. B。如果我们“明智地” (wisely) 花钱，我们肯定能实现我们的大目标。
八、首字母填空（词汇量：约160词）
1. history。解析：今天我们在英语课上学习了关于货币的迷人“历史” ( history )。
2. banknotes。解析：在古代，人们没有硬币或“纸币” ( banknotes )。填复数。
3. shells。解析：他们开始使用玛瑙“贝/贝壳” ( shells ) 作为一种货币。cowrie shells。
4. invented。解析：然后，中国人“发明” ( invented ) 了纸币。句子为过去时。
5. invention。解析：这是历史上一项伟大的“发明物” ( invention )。名词后缀 -ion 运用。
6. Digital。解析：“数字” ( Digital ) 支付非常快速和方便。
7. apps。解析：我们可以使用像微信或支付宝这样的“应用程序” ( apps )。填复数。
8. personal。解析：我们必须小心网上的“个人” ( personal ) 信息。
9. valuable。解析：我认为学习如何保证金钱和账户安全是非常“有价值的” ( valuable )。
10. safe。解析：保持金钱和账户“安全的” ( safe )。keep sth. safe。

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