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Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
　　　(语法项目——过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态)
语境中体悟
Walking home two weeks ago, I saw that reconstruction work was being done① on the old market, which had been deserted② for several years.The old gate was being torn down③.The wooden stands were being removed④.Rubbish was being cleared away⑤ from the floor.By last weekend, the demolition work had not been finished⑥.We are all waiting for what will be built.It's said to be a new shopping mall.
[语法入门]
①③④⑤处的谓语部分使用了过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的被动动作。
②⑥处的谓语部分使用了过去完成时的被动语态，表示过去某一时刻之前已经被完成的动作，其中⑥处为否定式。
学案中理清
一、过去进行时的被动语态
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的被动动作，其构成形式为：
(1)肯定式：was/were being done
(2)否定式：was/were not being done
(3)一般疑问式：Was/Were＋主语＋being done
(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being done
|名师点津|　过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生了。如：
①The experiment was being done when the professor went into the lab last night.
昨天晚上教授进入实验室的时候里面正在做实验。
②The experiment was done last night.
实验昨天晚上已经做完。
二、过去完成时的被动语态
(一)过去完成时的被动语态的构成
(1)肯定式：had been done
(2)否定式：had not been done
(3)一般疑问式：Had＋主语＋been done
(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done
(二)过去完成时的被动语态的用法
1．过去完成时的被动语态通常表示一个被动动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成，主语是动作的承受者。
2．当before、 when、 by the time、 until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
3．在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
4．在“It was the first/second/...time that ...”句型中，从句主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
5．在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
应用中融通
用所给动词的适当形式填空
A
Yesterday, I ①____________ (watch) a documentary about the news industry in the past.I saw that an interview ②______________ (do) face to face.But now, interviews can be done online.I saw news ③________________ (edit) with a pen while it can now be edited on a computer.I saw news ④______________ (print) on paper while it can now ⑤____________ (release) on the Internet.I also saw newspapers ⑥____________________ (deliver) to readers' doors, whereas news can now be read online.
B
Before I turned over a new leaf, I had always been a very lazy student.I was careless about handing in my homework, and none of my assignment deadlines ①________________ (meet)．
Indeed, I would deliberately “lose” my homework in my incredibly messy room, so that I could put off doing it! My parents soon worked out this trick, though, and one day I came home to find that my room ②____________ (clean), and my homework ③______________ (put) right in the centre of a spotlessly clean desk! A present ④________________ (leave) on the desk, too (I think Mum did that): a book called The Art of Procrastination.
1．I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.　我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。
★limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限vt.限制，限定；限量，减量
|用|法|感|知|
(名言警句)Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.　生命有限，知识无涯。
(“建议”类佳句)Try to set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
试着给你每天要做的事情设定一个限度，然后坚持下去。
[归纳点拨]
(1)beyond the limit　　　 超出限度
without limit 无限制地
set a limit to sth. 给……规定限度
there is a/no limit to sth. ……是有限的/无限的
(2)limit ...to ... 将……限制在……内
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的　　　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/补全语段)
①As a matter of fact, there is ____________ limit to what one person can tolerate.
②The time was too ____________ (limit) for them to make full preparations for the competition.
③Any driver found driving ____________ the speed limit will be charged.
④We must set a limit ____________ the expense of the trip.
⑤A man's life ____________， but __________________________ serving the people.I will ____________________ of serving the people.
人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。
2．Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them.
我和凯西赶紧把水倒进杯子里给他们喝。
★pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨
|用|法|感|知|
It never rains but it pours.
不雨则已，雨则倾盆。
(“场景描写”佳句)After midnight it began to pour down, so Huck and Jim had to stay inside the shelter.　午夜过后，下起了倾盆大雨，哈克和吉姆只好待在避雨处。
[归纳点拨]
pour sb.sth.(＝pour sth.for sb.) 给某人倒……
pour down　　　 倾注；倾泻
pour out (感情或话语)奔涌，迸发，畅所欲言
pour ...into ... 向……投入(金钱)　　　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The government has poured millions of dollars ____________ the education system.
②He was so worried that sweat began to pour ____________ his face.
③He ________________________ to me over a cup of coffee.
他一边喝着咖啡，一边向我倾吐着他的烦恼。
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
语法专题突破
应用中融通
A
①watched　②was being done　③was being edited
④was being printed　⑤be released　⑥were being delivered
B
①had been met　②had been cleaned 　③had been put
④had been left
新知深化学习
1．①a　②limited　③beyond　④to
⑤is limited; there is no limit to;
devote my limited life to the limitless job
2．①into　②down　③poured out his troubles
4 / 4(共60张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
　(语法项目——过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态)
目 录
NO.1 语法专题突破
NO.2 新知深化学习
课时检测
语法专题突破
NO.1
语境中体悟
Walking home two weeks ago, I saw that reconstruction work was being done① on the old market, which had been deserted② for several years.The old gate was being torn down③.The wooden stands were being removed④.Rubbish was being cleared away⑤ from the floor.By last weekend, the demolition work had not been finished⑥.We are all waiting for what will be built.It's said to be a new shopping mall.
[语法入门]
①③④⑤处的谓语部分使用了过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的被动动作。
②⑥处的谓语部分使用了过去完成时的被动语态，表示过去某一时刻之前已经被完成的动作，其中⑥处为否定式。
学案中理清
一、过去进行时的被动语态　
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的被动动作，其构成形式为：
(1)肯定式：was/were being done
(2)否定式：was/were not being done
(3)一般疑问式：Was/Were＋主语＋being done
(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being done
|名师点津|　过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生了。如：
①The experiment was being done when the professor went into the lab last night.
昨天晚上教授进入实验室的时候里面正在做实验。
②The experiment was done last night.
实验昨天晚上已经做完。
二、过去完成时的被动语态　
(一)过去完成时的被动语态的构成
(1)肯定式：had been done
(2)否定式：had not been done
(3)一般疑问式：Had＋主语＋been done
(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done
(二)过去完成时的被动语态的用法
1．过去完成时的被动语态通常表示一个被动动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成，主语是动作的承受者。
2．当before、 when、 by the time、 until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
3．在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
4．在“It was the first/second/...time that ...”句型中，从句主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
5．在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
应用中融通
用所给动词的适当形式填空
A
Yesterday, I ①_________ (watch) a documentary about the news industry in the past.I saw that an interview ②______________ (do) face to face.But now, interviews can be done online.I saw news ③_____
____________(edit) with a pen while it can now be edited on a computer.
watched
was being done
was
being edited
I saw news ④________________ (print) on paper while it can now ⑤___________ (release) on the Internet.I also saw newspapers
⑥___________________ (deliver) to readers' doors, whereas news can now be read online.
was being printed
be released
were being delivered
B
Before I turned over a new leaf, I had always been a very lazy student.I was careless about handing in my homework, and none of my assignment deadlines ①_____________ (meet)．
Indeed, I would deliberately “lose” my homework in my incredibly messy room, so that I could put off doing it! My parents soon worked out this trick, though, and one day I came home to find that my room ②_________________ (clean), and my homework
had been met
had been cleaned
③_____________ (put) right in the centre of a spotlessly clean desk! A present ④_____________ (leave) on the desk, too (I think Mum did that): a book called The Art of Procrastination.
had been put
had been left
新知深化学习
NO.2
1．I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.　
我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。
★limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限vt.限制，限定；限量，减量
|用|法|感|知|
(名言警句)Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.　
生命有限，知识无涯。
(“建议”类佳句)Try to set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
试着给你每天要做的事情设定一个限度，然后坚持下去。
[归纳点拨]
(1)beyond the limit　　　 超出限度
without limit 无限制地
set a limit to sth. 给……规定限度
there is a/no limit to sth. ……是有限的/无限的
(2)limit ...to ... 将……限制在……内
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless adj. 无限的　　　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/补全语段)
①As a matter of fact, there is __limit to what one person can tolerate.
②The time was too _________(limit) for them to make full preparations for the competition.
③Any driver found driving _________the speed limit will be charged.
a
limited
beyond
④We must set a limit ___the expense of the trip.
⑤A man's life__________, but _________________serving the people.I will _____________________________________of serving the people.
人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。
to
is limited
there is no limit to
devote my limited life to the limitless job
2．Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them.
我和凯西赶紧把水倒进杯子里给他们喝。
★pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨
|用|法|感|知|
It never rains but it pours.
不雨则已，雨则倾盆。
(“场景描写”佳句)After midnight it began to pour down, so Huck and Jim had to stay inside the shelter.
午夜过后，下起了倾盆大雨，哈克和吉姆只好待在避雨处。
[归纳点拨]
pour sb.sth.(＝pour sth.for sb.) 给某人倒……
pour down　　　 倾注；倾泻
pour out (感情或话语)奔涌，迸发，畅所欲言
pour ...into ... 向……投入(金钱)　　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The government has poured millions of dollars ____the education system.
②He was so worried that sweat began to pour ______his face.
③He _____________________to me over a cup of coffee.
他一边喝着咖啡，一边向我倾吐着他的烦恼。
into
down
poured out his troubles
课时检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If a child is playing sport, he should have fun.However, I believe learning that sometimes you lose is just as important.
There is a school of thought that if children are playing for fun，they should not keep score，which seems a bit backward to me.Participation is great, but let's also give them a goal to reach.
Sport has winners and losers，which is an important part of its make-up.I believe the greatest joy you can get from sport is when you play hard and produce a win, when you and your teammates work together for your goal.
I am a competitive person，but I don't think you're ever too young to start learning that putting effort into something can result in reward (回报)．I'm not saying winning should be the be-all and end-all of the experience for children, but it should at least be a choice.
Michael Jordan once said, “I've missed more than 9,000 shots in my career.I've lost almost 300 games.Twenty-six times I've been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed.I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.”
Without learning how it feels to win, and just as importantly how it feels to lose, we will bring up children who expect life to be easy.Life is not easy and I believe the sooner children learn that，the better off they are in the long run.But, there does need to be a balance.There are
parents who always want to see their children win and will punish them when they make mistakes.
I believe the key is to teach children that they should give their all in an effort to win.It does need to be fun or they won't be interested, but they should be graceful in failure.Australian tennis player Nick Kyrgios is an example of someone who appears to have gone too far the other way, always in the news for his terrible attitude on court.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了孩子们在参加体育比赛的时候要理解胜负是有意义的。
√
1．Which of the following will the author agree with
A．Fewer kids play sport nowadays.
B．It is participation that matters most.
C．Competitive sport is important for kids.
D．Kids often have unrealistic goals in sport.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可知，作者不认为孩子们为了乐趣而玩耍时不应分胜负，而是认为制订目标、通力合作、理解竞争和输赢都很有意义，由此可推知，作者认为竞技运动对孩子们很重要。
√
2．What does the author want to show by using Jordan's words
A．Life lies in sport.
B．Nothing is impossible.
C．Great hopes make great men.
D．Failure is the mother of success.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.”可知，作者想用乔丹的话来证明失败是成功之母。
√
3．What will winning and losing in sport teach children
A．The difficulty of life.
B．The role of hard work.
C．The power of teamwork.
D．The need for dreaming big.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，体育比赛的输赢会教会孩子们生活的艰辛。
4．What does the author think of Nick Kyrgios
A．He is not skilled.
B．He is not graceful.
C．He sets a good example for kids.
D．He pays little attention to success.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“but they should be graceful”及最后一句可知，作者认为Nick Kyrgios没有风度。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
I've always been crazy about running.Ever since I was a boy, running has made me feel free and 5 .But when I was a young adult, I became 6 accidentally.I had to give up running for years.Then I 7 about running with human guides, and I decided to give it a 8 .I was even able to enter the New York City and Boston Marathons five years in a row.In 2019, I 9 the first half-marathon with the help of guide dogs.
But I know it's not 10 for everyone to have a clever, caring guide dog like my Blaze.I founded a(n) 11 called Guiding Eyes for the Blind, to help the blind 12 running guide dogs that can help them live more active and 13 lives.
In the fall of 2019, I got an application unexpectedly from some technologists which 14 a phone to recognize a line taped to the ground, and gave audio cues (语音信号) to me while I 15 with Blaze.
After months of 16 ， I was ready to test the tech outside for the first time.I'd been 17 30 years to run outdoors on my own.When I arrived at the finish line, I was 18 overcome with emotion.For the first time, I didn't 19 a blind man.I felt I could take charge of my own life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱跑步的作者在遭遇意外失明后仍在导盲犬的帮助下坚持跑步的经历。
√
5．A.relaxed　　　　　　　 B．curious
C．grateful D．surprised
解析：结合语境可知，作者从小就喜欢跑步，跑步让作者感到自由和放松。
6．A.deaf B．poor
C．blind D．alone
解析：根据下文中的“have a clever, caring guide dog like my Blaze”及“blind”可知，作者意外失明了。
√
√
7．A.dreamed B．heard
C．wondered D．talked
解析：结合语境可知，作者失明之后听说有人跟着导盲犬跑步，就想去试一下。hear about意为“听说”。
8．A.show B．change
C．lift D．try
解析：give it a try意为“尝试一下”。
√
√
9．A.ran B．won
C．caught D．missed
解析：此处指在导盲犬的帮助下，作者第一次跑完了半程马拉松。
√
10．A.necessary B．possible
C．important D．doubtful
解析：此处表示作者知道不可能每个人都能拥有像Blaze这样聪明的导盲犬。
11．A.school B．company
C．organization D．clinic
解析：作者成立了一个叫做Guiding Eyes for the Blind的组织。
√
12．A.receive B．accept
C．stand D．raise
解析：作者成立组织的目的是帮助盲人得到可以帮助他们过得更加积极和独立的导盲犬。
√
13．A.responsible B．colorful
C．unique D．independent
解析：有了这样的导盲犬，盲人可以生活得更加独立(independent)一些。
√
14．A.allowed B．required
C．asked D．encouraged
√
解析：此处表示这种应用程序能够让手机识别到绑在地上的一根线。allow ... to do意为“使……成为可能”。
15．A.competed B．agreed
C．walked D．met
√
解析：有了这样的应用程序，当作者在和Blaze出行的时候手机就会发出语音提示。
√
16．A.promises B．efforts
C．supports D．services
解析：经过了几个月的努力，作者准备好了去户外进行第一次测试。
√
17．A.travelling B．searching
C．waiting D．suffering
解析：结合上下文可知，作者一直等了30年，终于等到可以自己出去跑步的那一天。
√
18．A.constantly B．completely
C．gradually D．hurriedly
解析：当到达终点线的那一刻，作者百感交集。completely意为“完全地”，用来表示当时作者的心情。
√
19．A.think of B．feel like
C．care for D．worry about
解析：根据后文“I felt I could”可知，作者第一次感觉自己不像一个盲人，感觉自己能够掌握自己的人生。feel like意为“感觉像……”。
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
The news reported that mindfulness methods like Tai Chi and Qi Gong that promote slow and deep rhythmic breathing 20 (view) as a trendy lifestyle and popular sport in recent years.
Breathwork is thought to influence the vagus nerve, which stretches from the brain to the gut and makes up the majority of 21 is known as the parasympathetic nervous system.The vagus nerve is regulated by inhaling and exhaling.Slow and deep breathing can
improve the strength or “tone” of the vagus nerve.The higher the tone, the 22 (fast) the body recovers from a stressful event.
Breathwork online training sessions are popular on social media and viewers are eager to learn the 23 (seem) quick self-help technique, but experts say beginners should be cautious.Could it really be that difficult to consciously change your breathing pattern 24 (promote) stress relief and relaxation, which breathwork practices promise to do 25 it turns out, experts say learning breathwork as a beginner is
harder than expected.That's partly because many people are accustomed to 26 (draw) short breaths from their chest, rather than inhaling deeply from their stomach.Changing this pattern can be challenging.And there are also dangers to practicing breathwork 27 proper guidance and support.For those who've experienced severe anxiety, focusing on the breath can cause intense 28 (comfort) and distress.
If you're curious about pursuing breathwork and have any health concerns, contact a 29 (trust) healthcare professional before starting breathwork.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来呼吸训练越来越受欢迎，专家建议初学者在开始呼吸训练前应咨询值得信赖的健康护理专业人员。
20．had been viewed　考查时态和语态。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，时间状语为“in recent years”且主句用了一般过去时，故此处应用过去完成时；又因“view”与主语“mindfulness methods”之间为被动关系，故填had been viewed。
21．what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用 what 引导从句。
22．faster　考查比较级。分析句子结构可知，本句使用了“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级．..”句式，所以空处应填比较级形式faster。
23．seemingly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词 quick，应用副词形式作状语，seemingly表示“看似，貌似”。
24．to promote　考查非谓语动词。根据上下文语境可知，有意识地改变呼吸模式是为了缓解压力和放松，所以空处应用不定式形式作目的状语。
25．As　考查连词。As it turns out 为固定结构，表示“事实上，实际上”，所以空处应填as；置于句首，首字母应大写。
26．drawing　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be accustomed to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，所以空处应填drawing。
27．without　考查介词。结合上下文语境可知，没有恰当的指导和支持时，练习呼吸法有危险，所以空处应用介词 without，表示“没有”。
28．discomfort　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处与名词 distress 并列，作动词 cause 的宾语，所以空处应用 discomfort，表示“不舒适”。
29．trusted　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，且trust与被修饰词 healthcare professional之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。UNIT 2　课时检测(三)　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If a child is playing sport, he should have fun.However, I believe learning that sometimes you lose is just as important.
There is a school of thought that if children are playing for fun，they should not keep score，which seems a bit backward to me.Participation is great, but let's also give them a goal to reach.
Sport has winners and losers，which is an important part of its make up.I believe the greatest joy you can get from sport is when you play hard and produce a win, when you and your teammates work together for your goal.
I am a competitive person，but I don't think you're ever too young to start learning that putting effort into something can result in reward (回报)．I'm not saying winning should be the be all and end all of the experience for children, but it should at least be a choice.
Michael Jordan once said, “I've missed more than 9,000 shots in my career.I've lost almost 300 games.Twenty six times I've been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed.I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.”
Without learning how it feels to win, and just as importantly how it feels to lose, we will bring up children who expect life to be easy.Life is not easy and I believe the sooner children learn that，the better off they are in the long run.But, there does need to be a balance.There are parents who always want to see their children win and will punish them when they make mistakes.
I believe the key is to teach children that they should give their all in an effort to win.It does need to be fun or they won't be interested, but they should be graceful in failure.Australian tennis player Nick Kyrgios is an example of someone who appears to have gone too far the other way, always in the news for his terrible attitude on court.
1．Which of the following will the author agree with
A．Fewer kids play sport nowadays.
B．It is participation that matters most.
C．Competitive sport is important for kids.
D．Kids often have unrealistic goals in sport.
2．What does the author want to show by using Jordan's words
A．Life lies in sport.
B．Nothing is impossible.
C．Great hopes make great men.
D．Failure is the mother of success.
3．What will winning and losing in sport teach children
A．The difficulty of life.
B．The role of hard work.
C．The power of teamwork.
D．The need for dreaming big.
4．What does the author think of Nick Kyrgios
A．He is not skilled.
B．He is not graceful.
C．He sets a good example for kids.
D．He pays little attention to success.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I've always been crazy about running.Ever since I was a boy, running has made me feel free and __5__.But when I was a young adult, I became __6__ accidentally.I had to give up running for years.Then I __7__ about running with human guides, and I decided to give it a __8__.I was even able to enter the New York City and Boston Marathons five years in a row.In 2019, I __9__ the first half marathon with the help of guide dogs.
But I know it's not __10__ for everyone to have a clever, caring guide dog like my Blaze.I founded a(n) __11__ called Guiding Eyes for the Blind, to help the blind __12__ running guide dogs that can help them live more active and __13__ lives.
In the fall of 2019, I got an application unexpectedly from some technologists which __14__ a phone to recognize a line taped to the ground, and gave audio cues (语音信号) to me while I __15__ with Blaze.
After months of __16__， I was ready to test the tech outside for the first time.I'd been __17__ 30 years to run outdoors on my own.When I arrived at the finish line, I was __18__ overcome with emotion.For the first time, I didn't __19__ a blind man.I felt I could take charge of my own life.
5.A.relaxed　　　　　　 B．curious
C．grateful D．surprised
6．A.deaf B．poor
C．blind D．alone
7．A.dreamed B．heard
C．wondered D．talked
8．A.show B．change
C．lift D．try
9．A.ran B．won
C．caught D．missed
10．A.necessary B．possible
C．important D．doubtful
11．A.school B．company
C．organization D．clinic
12．A.receive B．accept
C．stand D．raise
13．A.responsible B．colorful
C．unique D．independent
14．A.allowed B．required
C．asked D．encouraged
15．A.competed B．agreed
C．walked D．met
16．A.promises B．efforts
C．supports D．services
17．A.travelling B．searching
C．waiting D．suffering
18．A.constantly B．completely
C．gradually D．hurriedly
19．A.think of B．feel like
C．care for D．worry about
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)
The news reported that mindfulness methods like Tai Chi and Qi Gong that promote slow and deep rhythmic breathing 20.____________ (view) as a trendy lifestyle and popular sport in recent years.
Breathwork is thought to influence the vagus nerve, which stretches from the brain to the gut and makes up the majority of 21.____________ is known as the parasympathetic nervous system.The vagus nerve is regulated by inhaling and exhaling.Slow and deep breathing can improve the strength or “tone” of the vagus nerve.The higher the tone, the 22.____________ (fast) the body recovers from a stressful event.
Breathwork online training sessions are popular on social media and viewers are eager to learn the 23.____________ (seem) quick self help technique, but experts say beginners should be cautious.Could it really be that difficult to consciously change your breathing pattern 24.____________ (promote) stress relief and relaxation, which breathwork practices promise to do 25.____________ it turns out, experts say learning breathwork as a beginner is harder than expected.That's partly because many people are accustomed to 26.____________ (draw) short breaths from their chest, rather than inhaling deeply from their stomach.Changing this pattern can be challenging.And there are also dangers to practicing breathwork 27.____________proper guidance and support.For those who've experienced severe anxiety, focusing on the breath can cause intense 28.____________ (comfort) and distress.
If you're curious about pursuing breathwork and have any health concerns, contact a 29.____________(trust) healthcare professional before starting breathwork.
UNIT 2　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了孩子们在参加体育比赛的时候要理解胜负是有意义的。
1．选C　推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可知，作者不认为孩子们为了乐趣而玩耍时不应分胜负，而是认为制订目标、通力合作、理解竞争和输赢都很有意义，由此可推知，作者认为竞技运动对孩子们很重要。
2．选D　推理判断题。根据第五段的“I've failed over and over again in my life.And that is why I succeed.”可知，作者想用乔丹的话来证明失败是成功之母。
3．选A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，体育比赛的输赢会教会孩子们生活的艰辛。
4．选B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“but they should be graceful”及最后一句可知，作者认为Nick Kyrgios没有风度。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱跑步的作者在遭遇意外失明后仍在导盲犬的帮助下坚持跑步的经历。
5．选A　结合语境可知，作者从小就喜欢跑步，跑步让作者感到自由和放松。
6．选C　根据下文中的“have a clever, caring guide dog like my Blaze”及“blind”可知，作者意外失明了。
7．选B　结合语境可知，作者失明之后听说有人跟着导盲犬跑步，就想去试一下。hear about意为“听说”。
8．选D　give it a try意为“尝试一下”。
9．选A　此处指在导盲犬的帮助下，作者第一次跑完了半程马拉松。
10．选B　此处表示作者知道不可能每个人都能拥有像Blaze这样聪明的导盲犬。
11．选C　作者成立了一个叫做Guiding Eyes for the Blind的组织。
12．选A　作者成立组织的目的是帮助盲人得到可以帮助他们过得更加积极和独立的导盲犬。
13．选D　有了这样的导盲犬，盲人可以生活得更加独立(independent)一些。
14．选A　此处表示这种应用程序能够让手机识别到绑在地上的一根线。allow ... to do意为“使……成为可能”。
15．选C　有了这样的应用程序，当作者在和Blaze出行的时候手机就会发出语音提示。
16．选B　经过了几个月的努力，作者准备好了去户外进行第一次测试。
17．选C　结合上下文可知，作者一直等了30年，终于等到可以自己出去跑步的那一天。
18．选B　当到达终点线的那一刻，作者百感交集。completely意为“完全地”，用来表示当时作者的心情。
19．选B　根据后文“I felt I could”可知，作者第一次感觉自己不像一个盲人，感觉自己能够掌握自己的人生。feel like意为“感觉像……”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来呼吸训练越来越受欢迎，专家建议初学者在开始呼吸训练前应咨询值得信赖的健康护理专业人员。
20．had been viewed　考查时态和语态。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，时间状语为“in recent years”且主句用了一般过去时，故此处应用过去完成时；又因“view”与主语“mindfulness methods”之间为被动关系，故填had been viewed。
21．what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用 what 引导从句。
22．faster　考查比较级。分析句子结构可知，本句使用了“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级．..”句式，所以空处应填比较级形式faster。
23．seemingly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词 quick，应用副词形式作状语，seemingly表示“看似，貌似”。
24．to promote　考查非谓语动词。根据上下文语境可知，有意识地改变呼吸模式是为了缓解压力和放松，所以空处应用不定式形式作目的状语。
25．As　考查连词。As it turns out 为固定结构，表示“事实上，实际上”，所以空处应填as；置于句首，首字母应大写。
26．drawing　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be accustomed to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，所以空处应填drawing。
27．without　考查介词。结合上下文语境可知，没有恰当的指导和支持时，练习呼吸法有危险，所以空处应用介词 without，表示“没有”。
28．discomfort　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处与名词 distress 并列，作动词 cause 的宾语，所以空处应用 discomfort，表示“不舒适”。
29．trusted　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，且trust与被修饰词 healthcare professional之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。
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