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Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
　　　(语法项目——非限制性定语从句)
语境中体悟
One day, Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson go camping in the mountain, ①where they have a great time.That night, they put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep.Suddenly, in the middle of the night, Watson is woken up by Holmes, ②who is lying next to him.“Watson，” Holmes says, “look up at the stars, and tell me what they tell you.” Not quite sure what he means, Watson thinks Holmes is joking, ③which he finds annoying at this time of night.Even so, he replies, “I see millions of stars and it's quite likely there are some planets like Earth.And if so, this means that there might also be life on other planets.” Watson is pleased with his answer, ④which he thinks will impress Holmes.But Holmes, ⑤who has lost his patience by now, shouts, “Watson, look around you! Use your eyes! Somebody's stolen our tent！”
[语法入门]
①处where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the mountain；
②处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Holmes；
③处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代空前的句子Holmes is joking；
④处which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his answer；
⑤处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Holmes。
学案中理清
一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
意义 起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整 仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整
结构要求 紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号 用逗号与先行词或主句隔开
功能 修饰一个名词或代词 修饰名词、代词或整个主句
引导词 所有的关系代词及关系副词 that及why之外的关系代词或关系副词
二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．关系代词
which指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代主句的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。
He wasn't unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.
他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神中可以判断出来。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to the hospital.
金先生的腿受了重伤，很快就被送去了医院。
2．关系副词
when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，可与“介词＋which”互换。
Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, where/in which they had a good time.
昨天，他们去公园野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。
|名师点津|
(1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为the reason时，不用why引导，而用for which代替why。
　He has been busy with his work the whole holiday, which has made his family unhappy.
他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的家人很不高兴。
The reason, for which he was absent from the meeting, wasn't given.
他为何缺席会议，没有给出原因。
[对点练]　(用恰当的关系词填空)
①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
②(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, __________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free－range, and central heating doesn't exist.
③(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya is also looking beyond special－occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ____________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer－term rental period.
三、as与which引导定语从句时的区别　
(1)which意为“这一点，这件事”；as意为“正如，正像”。
(2)which引导限制性定语从句修饰指物的先行词；as引导限制性定语从句通常用于“the same ...as、 such ...as”结构中。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分，引导的从句只能位于主句之中或之后；as引导非限制性定语从句时，既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子，通常用于下列句型：as we know/as is known to all/as we all can see; as is often the case; as might be imagined; as might be expected; as has been pointed out; as has been said before/above; as is said; as is reported; as is announced; as I expect等。
[对点练]　(选词填空：as/which)
①____________ the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
②One non－profit organization, ____________ monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year.
③There is no simple answer, ____________ is often the case in science.
④The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ____________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He visited the Great Wall again.He went there two years ago.
→He visited the Great Wall again, ________________________________.
2．He failed in the examination. It made him a bit discouraged.
→He failed in the examination, ____________________________.
3．He must be from Africa.It can be seen from his skin.
→He must be from Africa, ________________________________.
4．He has organized a team of workers. All of them are hard－working.
→He has organized a team of workers, ________________________________.
5．He is a man of great experience.Much can be learned from him.
→He is a man of great experience, ________________________________.
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词完成下面短文
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, China, ①____________ I breathed its choking smog.Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin, ②____________ is a dream place for tourists ③____________ seek the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ④____________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those ⑤____________ fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.
Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers ⑥____________ was conducted by a website names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations ⑦____________ are famous in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people and their families ⑧____________ are in Asia.A travel company says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ⑨____________ live in Shanghai.
1．The prices of tourist essentials such as transport，accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.
交通、住宿和食物等旅游必需品的价格通常也会上涨，这甚至给周边社区带来了更多的财富。
★surrounding adj.周围的，附近的
|用|法|感|知|
·(“动作描写”佳句)They dashed out of the car, put up the tent and settled down on the grass, enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.　他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人叹为观止的景色。
·(“环境描写”佳句)Our new school is located in what was called “Rose Garden”， a place surrounded with/by green trees and colorful flowers all year round.
我们的新学校坐落在过去称为“玫瑰园”的地方，那里一年四季被绿树鲜花环绕。
[归纳点拨]
(1)surround v．　　　　　　　 环绕；围绕
surround ...with ... 以……包围……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
(2)surroundings n．(pl.) 环境；周围的事物
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Surrounding yourself ____________ people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②The author of the book provided strong evidence that a child's ____________ (surround) matter more than his genes.
③The woman was surrounded by a dozen of children, grandchildren and great－grand children, and she happily celebrated her 90th birthday.
→____________________ children, grandchildren and great－grand children, the woman happily celebrated her 90th birthday.(分词作状语)
2．More nature－centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
更多以自然风光为主、人与自然和睦相处的旅游景点，会因为大量游客涌入而受到巨大影响甚至遭到破坏。
★harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐
|用|法|感|知|
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)Only in this way can we protect our environment and be in harmony with nature.　只有通过这种方式我们才能保护我们的环境并与大自然和谐相处。
·(“景物描写”佳句)The colours of the Longji Rice Terraces and tall mountains make a harmonious picture.
绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田和巍峨的高山构成了一幅和谐的画面。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in harmony with　　 与……协调一致/相和谐
out of harmony with 与……不协调
live in harmony 和睦相处
(2)harmonious adj. 和睦的，融洽的，和谐的
|应|用|融|会|
(替换加黑词汇/完成句子)
①Only when we learn to be at one with nature and animals, can we realize the deepest significance of mankind's existence.________________
②It was obvious that the piano was ________________________ the rest of the instruments.
很明显，钢琴与其他乐器不协调。
③Royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals existed __________________________ for thousands of years.
帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹曾经与其自然栖息地完美和谐地共存过数千年的时间。
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
二、①which　②where　③which
三、①As　②which　③as　④which
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.1.where he went two years ago
2．which made him a bit discouraged
3．which/as can be seen from his skin
4．all of whom are hardworking
5．from whom much can be learned
Ⅱ.①where　②which　③who/that　④that/which　⑤who
⑥that/which　⑦that/which　⑧that/who　⑨who/that
新知深化学习
1．①with　②surroundings　③Surrounded by a dozen of
2．①in harmony with　②out of harmony with
③in perfect harmony with their natural habitat
5 / 5(共65张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
(语法项目——非限制性定语从句)
目 录
NO.1 语法专题突破
NO.2 新知深化学习
课时检测
语法专题突破
NO.1
语境中体悟
One day, Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson go camping in the mountain, ①where they have a great time.That night, they put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep.Suddenly, in the middle of the night, Watson is woken up by Holmes, ②who is lying next to him.“Watson，” Holmes says, “look up at the stars, and tell me what they tell you.” Not quite sure what he means, Watson thinks
Holmes is joking, ③which he finds annoying at this time of night.Even so, he replies, “I see millions of stars and it's quite likely there are some planets like Earth.And if so, this means that there might also be life on other planets.” Watson is pleased with his answer, ④which he thinks will impress Holmes.But Holmes, ⑤who has lost his patience by now, shouts, “Watson, look around you! Use your eyes! Somebody's stolen our tent！”
[语法入门]
①处where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the mountain；
②处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Holmes；
③处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代空前的句子Holmes is joking；
④处which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his answer；
⑤处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Holmes。
学案中理清
一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
意义 起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整 仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整
结构 要求 紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号 用逗号与先行词或主句隔开
功能 修饰一个名词或代词 修饰名词、代词或整个主句
引导词 所有的关系代词及关系副词 that及why之外的关系代词或关系副词
二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．关系代词
which指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代主句的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。
He wasn't unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.
他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神中可以判断出来。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to the hospital.
金先生的腿受了重伤，很快就被送去了医院。
2．关系副词
when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，可与“介词＋which”互换。
Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, where/in which they had a good time.
昨天，他们去公园野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。
|名师点津|
(1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为the reason时，不用why引导，而用for which代替why。
He has been busy with his work the whole holiday, which has made his family unhappy.
他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的家人很不高兴。
The reason, for which he was absent from the meeting, wasn't given.
他为何缺席会议，没有给出原因。
[对点练]　(用恰当的关系词填空)
①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
②(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, _______ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free－range, and central heating doesn't exist.
which
where
③(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya is also looking beyond special－occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ______ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer－term rental period.
which
三、as与which引导定语从句时的区别
(1)which意为“这一点，这件事”；as意为“正如，正像”。
(2)which引导限制性定语从句修饰指物的先行词；as引导限制性定语从句通常用于“the same ...as、 such ...as”结构中。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分，引导的从句只能位于主句之中或之后；as引导非限制性定语从句时，既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子，通常用于下列句型：as we know/as is known to all/as we all can see； as is often the case； as might be imagined； as might be expected； as has been pointed out； as has been said before/above； as is said； as is reported； as is announced； as I expect等。
[对点练]　(选词填空：as/which)
①____ the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
②One non－profit organization, _______ monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year.
③There is no simple answer, ___ is often the case in science.
④The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
As
which
as
which
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He visited the Great Wall again.He went there two years ago.
→He visited the Great Wall again,__________________________.
2．He failed in the examination. It made him a bit discouraged.
→He failed in the examination,______________________________.
where he went two years ago
which made him a bit discouraged
应用中融通
3．He must be from Africa.It can be seen from his skin.
→He must be from Africa, _______________________________.
4．He has organized a team of workers. All of them are hard－working.
→He has organized a team of workers,___________________________.
5．He is a man of great experience.Much can be learned from him.
→He is a man of great experience,______________________________.
which/as can be seen from his skin
all of whom are hard－working
from whom much can be learned
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词完成下面短文
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, China, ①_______ I breathed its choking smog.Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
where
I'd skipped nearby Guilin, ②_______ is a dream place for tourists ③_________ seek the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ④__________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those ⑤_____ fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.
which
who/that
that/which
who
Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers ⑥__________ was conducted by a website names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations ⑦___________ are famous in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people and their families ⑧_________ are in Asia.A travel company says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people ⑨_________ live in Shanghai.
that/which
that/which
that/who
who/that
新知深化学习
NO.2
1．The prices of tourist essentials such as transport，accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.
交通、住宿和食物等旅游必需品的价格通常也会上涨，这甚至给周边社区带来了更多的财富。
★surrounding adj.周围的，附近的
|用|法|感|知|
·(“动作描写”佳句)They dashed out of the car, put up the tent and settled down on the grass, enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人叹为观止的景色。
·(“环境描写”佳句)Our new school is located in what was called “Rose Garden”， a place surrounded with/by green trees and colorful flowers all year round.
我们的新学校坐落在过去称为“玫瑰园”的地方，那里一年四季被绿树鲜花环绕。
[归纳点拨]
(1)surround v．　　　　　　　 环绕；围绕
surround ...with ... 以……包围……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
(2)surroundings n．(pl.) 环境；周围的事物
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①Surrounding yourself ______ people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②The author of the book provided strong evidence that a child's ____________ (surround) matter more than his genes.
with
surroundings
③The woman was surrounded by a dozen of children, grandchildren and great－grand children, and she happily celebrated her 90th birthday.
→________________________ children, grandchildren and great－grand children, the woman happily celebrated her 90th birthday.(分词作状语)
Surrounded by a dozen of
2．More nature－centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
更多以自然风光为主、人与自然和睦相处的旅游景点，会因为大量游客涌入而受到巨大影响甚至遭到破坏。
★harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐
|用|法|感|知|
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)Only in this way can we protect our environment and be in harmony with nature.
只有通过这种方式我们才能保护我们的环境并与大自然和谐相处。
·(“景物描写”佳句)The colours of the Longji Rice Terraces and tall mountains make a harmonious picture.
绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田和巍峨的高山构成了一幅和谐的画面。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in harmony with　　 与……协调一致/相和谐
out of harmony with 与……不协调
live in harmony 和睦相处
(2)harmonious adj. 和睦的，融洽的，和谐的
|应|用|融|会|
(替换加蓝词汇/完成句子)
①Only when we learn to be at one with nature and animals, can we realize the deepest significance of mankind's existence.
________________
in harmony with
②It was obvious that the piano was __________________ the rest of the instruments.
很明显，钢琴与其他乐器不协调。
③Royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals existed ________________________________________ for thousands of years.
帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹曾经与其自然栖息地完美和谐地共存过数千年的时间。
out of harmony with
in perfect harmony with their natural habitat
课时检测
(标 语篇配有教师讲评课件)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World, Qinghai－Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the inner part of China.With a total length of more than 6,300 kilometers, it marches toward the East China Sea, singing the songs of the four seasons with its waves.The Yangtze River, only next to the Amazon and the Nile, is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.
The Three Gorges have showed the magic workings of nature with their beautiful mountains and waters.The peaks and rocks on the two sides are telling us the history of the region in the past billion years.Every year, many visitors around the world are attracted by the charming thousand－year－long history of the region, the great ancient relics of human civilization, and the mysterious folk tales.
Sandwiched between the mountains, the Three Gorges run across Fengjie and Wushan Mountain in Sichuan Province and Badong, Zigui and Yichang in Hubei Province, extending 193 kilometers long to include Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge.The City of White Emperor in Fengjie is an important passage of the west part of the Three Gorges.Nanjinguan in Yichang is an important gateway of the east part.Along the banks of the Yangtze River, the high peaks, overhanging rock towers, rise into the clouds；dangerous cliffs seem to
reach the sky；waterfalls are spraying and sparkling；clouds and thin fogs are curling；rapids and torrents are boiling.On the whole, Xiling Gorge is dangerous for its shallow shores and rapid currents.However, Yichang is regarded by most people as the best start point to tour the Three Gorges.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孕育中国古代文明的发源地——长江，以及长江上奇峰耸立、烟波浩渺的三峡。
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The Yangtze River ... is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.”可知，长江孕育了中国的古代文明。
1．Why is the Yangtze River important to Chinese people
A．It extends its way from the west to the east of China.
B．The ancient Chinese civilization began here.
C．The scenery on both sides is very beautiful.
D．The Three Gorges are located on it.
√
2．Where can we see the Three Gorges
A．On Qinghai－Tibet Plateau. B．In Hubei Province.
C．In Sichuan Province. D．Both B and C.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在湖北和四川都可以游览三峡。
√
3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A．The Three Gorges have a total length of 193 kilometers.
B．The shapes of the Three Gorges are like sandwiches.
C．The Three Gorges are famous for the beautiful scenery and relics.
D．The Xiling Gorge is very dangerous for ships to sail.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，“三峡在层峦叠嶂的山峰之间”并不是说它的形状像三明治。故B项表述错误，符合题意。
√
4．As a tourist, you'd better go to _________ to start your trip to the Three Gorges.
A．Nanjinguan　　　　　　　 B．Wushan
C．Badong D．Zigui
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nanjinguan in Yichang is an important gateway of the east part.”和“Yichang is regarded by most people as the best start point to tour the Three Gorges.”可知，游客可以从南津关开始游览三峡。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.I almost gave my parents a heart 5 when they found out what I was doing.But I had already made a(n) 6 .Little did I know this would 7 the greatest experience of my life.
Before starting my trip in China, I had never 8 for more than two hours in one day.It was a huge 9 challenge, but I got stronger every day, and 10 ， I could easily bike for eight hours each day.
One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people.Once I 11 a group of Chinese cyclists in western China.They invited me to stay with them in the mountains in Yunnan, 12 fish over a fire with wood we chopped ourselves.It felt like true 13 from the busy feeling of everyday life.
Another 14 of my journey was definitely the food.I got to taste local food in every place I went.My favorite was the 15 of Sichuan, a province known for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes.There are so many different options!
Mostly each day, of course, I was 16 with nature.Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks, western China is home to some of the most amazing 17 in the world.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going.I felt like I could do it 18 .It was truly an experience I will never forget.If anyone has an interest in traveling, I would highly 19 going by bicycle!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经辞掉工作，骑自行车独自穿越中国西部的冒险经历。
5．A.rate B．attack
C．test D．surgery
√
解析：根据上文“The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.”可知，作者做过的最冒险的事情就是辞职独自骑自行车穿越中国西部。由此可知，作者的父母得知这一切时应该吓了一跳。
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者最终还是骑自行车穿越中国西部，由此可知，此时作者已经做了决定。
6．A.conclusion B．attempt
C．decision D．outline
√
解析：根据下文“the greatest experience of my life”可知，作者当时还不知道这一决定成了她一生中最伟大的经历。
7．A.carry on B．take off
C．make up D．turn into
√
解析：根据下文“I could easily bike for eight hours every day”可知，作者指的是之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时。
8．A.biked B．driven
C．traveled D．surfed
√
解析：根据常理推测，之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时，而现在作者打算骑车穿越中国西部，这对身体是一个巨大的挑战。
9．A.regional B．mental
C．physical D．financial
√
10．A.eventually B．suddenly
C．fortunately D．formally
√
解析：根据上文“Before starting my trip in China, I had never ________ for more than two hours in one day.It was a huge ______ challenge, but I got stronger every day”可知，骑行是一个慢慢进步的过程，而随着每天都变得更强壮，最终，作者能每天轻松骑8个小时。
解析：根据空后的“a group of Chinese cyclists in western China”可知，这是作者在骑自行车过程中所遇到的人。
11．A.rescued B．directed
C．protected D．encountered
√
解析：根据空后的“fish over a fire with wood we chopped ourselves”可知，空处指的是用自己砍的木头烧火烹饪鱼。
12．A.cooking B．catching
C．washing D．eating
√
解析：根据空后的“the busy feeling of everyday life”可推知，作者此时的感觉就像从忙碌中获得了真正的自由。
13．A.energy B．freedom
C．concern D．fashion
√
解析：根据上文“One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people.”可知，此处指的是旅行中遇到的另一个美好的部分。
14．A.choice B．invention
C．highlight D．progress
√
15．A.material B．cuisine
C．medicine D．music
√
解析：根据上文“Another _________ of my journey was definitely the food.I got to taste local food in every place I went.”可知，本段指的是佳肴，由此可知，空处指的是川菜。
16．A.alone B．wild
C．safe D．empty
√
解析：根据第一段中“The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.”可知，作者是独自骑行，那么就要独自面对大自然。
17．A.food B．scenery
C．culture D．tradition
√
解析：根据上文“Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks”可知，此处作者所指的是中国西部的风景。
18．A.indeed B．otherwise
C．forever D．instead
√
解析：根据上文“By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going.”可知，作者还想继续这样骑行，由此可知，空处指的是作者可以永远做这件事。
19．A.permit B．appreciate
C．understand D．recommend
√
解析：根据上文“If anyone has an interest in traveling”可知，如果有人对旅游感兴趣作者会推荐骑自行车去旅行。
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)( )
Lushan National Park, in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, is a well－known tourist attraction both in China and abroad.It has appealed 20 countless visitors on account of its natural views and cultural relics.
The national park covers an area of 500 square kilometers and has more than 90 mountain peaks (山峰)．The tallest one of these is Hanyang Peak which has a 21 (high) of 1,473.4 meters.The park owes its reputation to its 22 (wonder), elegant and impressive highlights such as waterfalls and rocks.There are 12 main scenic areas, together with 37 attractions.The major 23 (spot) include Wulao Feng, Sandie Spring, etc.
Wulao Feng, 24 is located in the southeast of Lushan, is 1,436 meters above sea level.Its five parallel mountain peaks once formed a single one, and standing on the top, you will 25 (reward) with an amazing view of the distant mountains, trees, lakes, and a seemingly endless sky.
Sandie Spring 26 (lie) below Wulao Feng and drops through three rough tiers (层) with a fall of 155 meters.The upper part is like snow 27 (fall) down to the pond； the middle reach wanders and twists, dancing in the air；the lower level looks like a dragon running in the pond.This is thought 28 (be) the best of the Lushan waterfalls.It is said that you are not 29 true visitor here if you miss Sandie Spring.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了庐山风景区的概况及其两个重要景点——五老峰和三叠泉。
20．to　考查介词。appeal to意为“对……有吸引力”，为固定短语。故填to。
21．height　考查名词。have a height of意为“海拔是……”，为固定搭配。故填height。
22．wonderful　考查形容词。此处与后面的形容词elegant and impressive是并列成分，应用形容词修饰后面的名词，作前置定语。故填wonderful。
23．spots　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词“include”可知，此处应用spot的复数形式，作主语。故填spots。
24．which　考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词Wulao Feng在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。
25．be rewarded　考查动词语态。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，且动词reward与主语you构成被动关系，应用被动语态；前有情态动词will，后应用动词原形。故填be rewarded。
26．lies　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词；结合上下文语境，动词用一般现在时，且主语Sandie Spring是单数，谓语动词应用单数。故填lies。
27．falling　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，此处应用非谓语动词，且与前面名词snow构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填falling。
28．to be　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，be thought后接不定式，作主语补足语。故填to be。
29．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个真正的访客”，应用不定冠词，且true以辅音音素开头，故填a。UNIT 1　课时检测(三)　Grammar and usage
(标语篇配有教师讲评课件。选择题在答题区内作答，主观题在题后作答)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World, Qinghai Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the inner part of China.With a total length of more than 6,300 kilometers, it marches toward the East China Sea, singing the songs of the four seasons with its waves.The Yangtze River, only next to the Amazon and the Nile, is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.
The Three Gorges have showed the magic workings of nature with their beautiful mountains and waters.The peaks and rocks on the two sides are telling us the history of the region in the past billion years.Every year, many visitors around the world are attracted by the charming thousand year long history of the region, the great ancient relics of human civilization, and the mysterious folk tales.
Sandwiched between the mountains, the Three Gorges run across Fengjie and Wushan Mountain in Sichuan Province and Badong, Zigui and Yichang in Hubei Province, extending 193 kilometers long to include Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge.The City of White Emperor in Fengjie is an important passage of the west part of the Three Gorges.Nanjinguan in Yichang is an important gateway of the east part.Along the banks of the Yangtze River, the high peaks, overhanging rock towers, rise into the clouds；dangerous cliffs seem to reach the sky；waterfalls are spraying and sparkling；clouds and thin fogs are curling；rapids and torrents are boiling.On the whole, Xiling Gorge is dangerous for its shallow shores and rapid currents.However, Yichang is regarded by most people as the best start point to tour the Three Gorges.
1．Why is the Yangtze River important to Chinese people
A．It extends its way from the west to the east of China.
B．The ancient Chinese civilization began here.
C．The scenery on both sides is very beautiful.
D．The Three Gorges are located on it.
2．Where can we see the Three Gorges
A．On Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
B．In Hubei Province.
C．In Sichuan Province.
D．Both B and C.
3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A．The Three Gorges have a total length of 193 kilometers.
B．The shapes of the Three Gorges are like sandwiches.
C．The Three Gorges are famous for the beautiful scenery and relics.
D．The Xiling Gorge is very dangerous for ships to sail.
4．As a tourist, you'd better go to ________ to start your trip to the Three Gorges.
A．Nanjinguan　　　　　　　 B．Wushan
C．Badong D．Zigui
Ⅱ.完形填空
The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.I almost gave my parents a heart __5__ when they found out what I was doing.But I had already made a(n) __6__.Little did I know this would __7__ the greatest experience of my life.
Before starting my trip in China, I had never __8__ for more than two hours in one day.It was a huge __9__ challenge, but I got stronger every day, and __10__， I could easily bike for eight hours each day.
One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people.Once I __11__ a group of Chinese cyclists in western China.They invited me to stay with them in the mountains in Yunnan, __12__ fish over a fire with wood we chopped ourselves.It felt like true __13__ from the busy feeling of everyday life.
Another __14__ of my journey was definitely the food.I got to taste local food in every place I went.My favorite was the __15__ of Sichuan, a province known for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes.There are so many different options!
Mostly each day, of course, I was __16__ with nature.Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks, western China is home to some of the most amazing __17__ in the world.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going.I felt like I could do it __18__.It was truly an experience I will never forget.If anyone has an interest in traveling, I would highly __19__ going by bicycle！
5.A.rate　　　　　　　　　 B．attack
C．test D．surgery
6．A.conclusion B．attempt
C．decision D．outline
7．A.carry on B．take off
C．make up D．turn into
8．A.biked B．driven
C．traveled D．surfed
9．A.regional B．mental
C．physical D．financial
10．A.eventually B．suddenly
C．fortunately D．formally
11．A.rescued B．directed
C．protected D．encountered
12．A.cooking B．catching
C．washing D．eating
13．A.energy B．freedom
C．concern D．fashion
14．A.choice B．invention
C．highlight D．progress
15．A.material B．cuisine
C．medicine D．music
16．A.alone B．wild
C．safe D．empty
17．A.food B．scenery
C．culture D．tradition
18．A.indeed B．otherwise
C．forever D．instead
19．A.permit B．appreciate
C．understand D．recommend
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)()
Lushan National Park, in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, is a well known tourist attraction both in China and abroad.It has appealed 20.____________ countless visitors on account of its natural views and cultural relics.
The national park covers an area of 500 square kilometers and has more than 90 mountain peaks (山峰)．The tallest one of these is Hanyang Peak which has a 21.____________ (high) of 1,473.4 meters.The park owes its reputation to its 22.____________ (wonder), elegant and impressive highlights such as waterfalls and rocks.There are 12 main scenic areas, together with 37 attractions.The major 23.__________ (spot) include Wulao Feng, Sandie Spring, etc.
Wulao Feng, 24.____________ is located in the southeast of Lushan, is 1,436 meters above sea level.Its five parallel mountain peaks once formed a single one, and standing on the top, you will 25.__________ (reward) with an amazing view of the distant mountains, trees, lakes, and a seemingly endless sky.
Sandie Spring 26.____________ (lie) below Wulao Feng and drops through three rough tiers (层) with a fall of 155 meters.The upper part is like snow 27.____________ (fall) down to the pond; the middle reach wanders and twists, dancing in the air；the lower level looks like a dragon running in the pond.This is thought 28.____________ (be) the best of the Lushan waterfalls.It is said that you are not 29.__________ true visitor here if you miss Sandie Spring.
UNIT 1　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孕育中国古代文明的发源地——长江，以及长江上奇峰耸立、烟波浩渺的三峡。
1．选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The Yangtze River ... is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.”可知，长江孕育了中国的古代文明。
2．选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在湖北和四川都可以游览三峡。
3．选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，“三峡在层峦叠嶂的山峰之间”并不是说它的形状像三明治。故B项表述错误，符合题意。
4．选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nanjinguan in Yichang is an important gateway of the east part.”和“Yichang is regarded by most people as the best start point to tour the Three Gorges.”可知，游客可以从南津关开始游览三峡。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经辞掉工作，骑自行车独自穿越中国西部的冒险经历。
5．选B　根据上文“The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.”可知，作者做过的最冒险的事情就是辞职独自骑自行车穿越中国西部。由此可知，作者的父母得知这一切时应该吓了一跳。
6．选C　根据上文内容可知，作者最终还是骑自行车穿越中国西部，由此可知，此时作者已经做了决定。
7．选D　根据下文“the greatest experience of my life”可知，作者当时还不知道这一决定成了她一生中最伟大的经历。
8．选A　根据下文“I could easily bike for eight hours every day”可知，作者指的是之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时。
9．选C　根据常理推测，之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时，而现在作者打算骑车穿越中国西部，这对身体是一个巨大的挑战。
10．选A　根据上文“Before starting my trip in China, I had never ________ for more than two hours in one day.It was a huge ________ challenge, but I got stronger every day”可知，骑行是一个慢慢进步的过程，而随着每天都变得更强壮，最终，作者能每天轻松骑8个小时。
11．选D　根据空后的“a group of Chinese cyclists in western China”可知，这是作者在骑自行车过程中所遇到的人。
12．选A　根据空后的“fish over a fire with wood we chopped ourselves”可知，空处指的是用自己砍的木头烧火烹饪鱼。
13．选B　根据空后的“the busy feeling of everyday life”可推知，作者此时的感觉就像从忙碌中获得了真正的自由。
14．选C　根据上文“One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people.”可知，此处指的是旅行中遇到的另一个美好的部分。
15．选B　根据上文“Another ________ of my journey was definitely the food.I got to taste local food in every place I went.”可知，本段指的是佳肴，由此可知，空处指的是川菜。
16．选A　根据第一段中“The biggest risk I've ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.”可知，作者是独自骑行，那么就要独自面对大自然。
17．选B　根据上文“Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks”可知，此处作者所指的是中国西部的风景。
18．选C　根据上文“By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going.”可知，作者还想继续这样骑行，由此可知，空处指的是作者可以永远做这件事。
19．选D　根据上文“If anyone has an interest in traveling”可知，如果有人对旅游感兴趣作者会推荐骑自行车去旅行。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了庐山风景区的概况及其两个重要景点——五老峰和三叠泉。
20．to　考查介词。appeal to意为“对……有吸引力”，为固定短语。故填to。
21．height　考查名词。have a height of意为“海拔是……”，为固定搭配。故填height。
22．wonderful　考查形容词。此处与后面的形容词elegant and impressive是并列成分，应用形容词修饰后面的名词，作前置定语。故填wonderful。
23．spots　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词“include”可知，此处应用spot的复数形式，作主语。故填spots。
24．which　考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词Wulao Feng在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。
25．be rewarded　考查动词语态。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，且动词reward与主语you构成被动关系，应用被动语态；前有情态动词will，后应用动词原形。故填be rewarded。
26．lies　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词；结合上下文语境，动词用一般现在时，且主语Sandie Spring是单数，谓语动词应用单数。故填lies。
27．falling　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，此处应用非谓语动词，且与前面名词snow构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填falling。
28．to be　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，be thought后接不定式，作主语补足语。故填to be。
29．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个真正的访客”，应用不定冠词，且true以辅音音素开头，故填a。
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