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Section Ⅰ　“Reading”的课文习读环节
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What is the last paragraph mainly about？(　 )
A．What astronauts do during their free time in space.
B．All the challenges of life in space.
C．What astronauts eat in space.
D．What astronauts see in space.
2．What's the main idea of the text？(　 )
A．Experiments performed by astronauts in space.
B．The daily life of an astronaut in space.
C．Space food that astronauts like to eat.
D．General requirements for astronauts.
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．Why do astronauts sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags？(　 )
A．To sleep well.
B．Not to float around.
C．Not to bother each other.
D．To start their day of work.
2．What is the astronauts' mission in a space station？(　 )
A．To conduct scientific research.
B．To evaluate the effects of gravity on animals.
C．To learn more about changes in cells.
D．To locate and track lightning over large regions of the Earth.
3．When does the most challenging work take place？(　 )
A．When astronauts sleep.
B．When astronauts eat.
C．When astronauts perform tasks outside the space station.
D．When astronauts test new equipment.
4．Which words can best describe the tasks outside the space station？(　 )
A．Exciting and interesting.
B．Demanding and enjoyable.
C．Challenging and dangerous.
D．Worthwhile and adventurous.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？(　 )
A．Most food is fresh in space station.
B．Salt and pepper are in solid form in space station.
C．Liquids can be easily controlled in space station.
D．Spending some time in the gym is very important to astronauts' health.
6．What does “it” in the last sentence of the lecture transcript (line 49) refer to？(　 )
A．Fun in leisure time.
B．All the hardship in space.
C．Exercising every day.
D．Space walking.
(二)阅读表达
1．What qualities do you think an astronaut should possess according to the lecture
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
2．Suppose you are going to stay on the space station for a month — what would you do？(The answers may vary.)
①________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　 (work)
②________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　 (eating)
③________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
_________________________________________________________　 (leisure activities)
④________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
__________________________________________________________　 (leisure activities)
⑤________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
_________________________________________________________　 (leisure activities)
|阅|读|技|能|提|升| 　
本文的语篇类型为讲座文稿。首段先总体概括了太空生活的感受，然后从睡眠、工作、饮食等方面详细介绍了宇航员在空间站的生活，最后得出结论：太空生活虽然充满挑战，但对宇航员来说，一切都是值得的。读文时注意从首尾段中把握文章主旨。同时，文中运用了列举事例、引用数据等方法增加了文章的生动性和严谨性，阅读时应注意分析这些写作手法的作用。
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．My six－month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.
赏析：作者用了adventure“冒险经历”而非experience“经历”来描述自己在太空的生活，用词精准贴切地呈现了生活在太空的危险和刺激。同时修饰词challenging but magical也强调了太空生活的这一特点，特别是magical一词形象地表达了作者谈及这段经历时的激动、感慨和喜悦的心理。
2．Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection.
赏析：本句中将副词hopefully置于句首，充当评注性状语，表达了作者的愿望。这类副词常见的有：fortunately、luckily、obviously、naturally、strictly、dangerously、hurriedly等，这类词可用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人的态度和看问题的角度。
3．Exercise in space is not your average workout.
赏析：本句中使用了动词词组work out合成的名词workout。此类词动静结合，相比于普通名词，更能表达出较为丰富的内涵。
[提能训练]　(选用上述词汇完成句子)
①Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and ___________________.
苍穹之下，我独自一人，呼吸着新鲜的空气，享受着这场伟大的冒险。
②The Qinghai－Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries.Now, passengers from all over the country have been _____________________________________.
几个世纪以来，青藏高原是人们向往的地方。如今，来自全国各地的旅客欣赏着这片神奇的土地。
(二)赏句式之高　
1．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
赏析：本句中先用It's strange that ...描写了太空生活的艰苦，又用not ...any more刻画了宇航员强大的适应能力以及乐观主义精神。
2．During our leisure time, there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by ...
赏析：本句中否定词nothing与比较级more than连用，表示最高级含义，凸显了强烈的情感。
[提能训练]　(选用上述句式完成句子)
①________________________ in Bulgaria shaking one's head should mean “yes”， while nodding means “no”．
奇怪的是，在保加利亚，摇头竟然表示肯定，点头表示否定。
②It is wise of you to give up your possessions in the fire because______________________.
火灾(逃生)时放弃财产是明智的，因为没有什么比生命更重要了。
(三)赏衔接之顺　
However, liquids can't be easily controlled in space.We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
赏析：第一句中运用了however，表示与前文之间存在转折关系；第三句中使用了furthermore，表示递进关系，对前面的内容作了进一步的解释说明。衔接词的灵活运用可以增加上下文的连贯性，令文章更加流畅自然。
自古以来，人类就一直对太空充满了好奇。在现代科学技术的支持下，我们终于有了更多的机会去探索和了解太空。从航天飞机到国际空间站，从火星到土星，人类在太空探索方面的成果越来越多。但对太空探索的质疑也一直存在。太空探索是对时间和金钱的浪费吗？阅读下面文章，了解太空探索的重要意义。
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases.However, others feel this is a shallow
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.As a result, space－based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material.They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries，and everyday products such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited.In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short－term and long－term problems.
[阅读理解]
1．Why do some people think we should stop wasting time and money exploring space？(　 )
A．Some countries are so poor that they have no ability to explore space.
B．It's no use exploring the universe.
C．They think that we should pay attention to the problem of poverty, pollution and fatal diseases in the world.
D．Exploring space will bring various disasters to mankind on Earth.
2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text？(　 )
A．Exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
B．Many satellites orbit Earth now due to exploring space.
C．The scientists can provide useful recommendations after analyzing the data transmitted by the satellites.
D．Space technologies are used in industries rather than everyday products.
3．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage？(　 )
A．To give tips on how to explore space.
B．To explain various ways of exploring space.
C．To call people's attention to space exploration.
D．To warn people to stop wasting time and money exploring space.
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
fatal adj.　　　　　　 致命的；灾难性的
shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的，浅薄的
make a difference 有影响，起作用
transmit v. 传输，传送；发射
analysis n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果
recommendation n. 建议，提议；推荐，推荐信
space－based adj. 基于空间的
high－end adj. 高端的
2．据文悟句式
句①　this is a shallow view ...为省略that的宾语从句，其中含有which引导的定语从句和how引导的宾语从句。
句②　介词短语because of后跟名词短语advanced technology；which was first created to ...为定语从句，修饰先行词advanced technology。
Section Ⅰ　“Reading”的课文习读环节
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 　
(一)①float　②attached　③pressure　④scientific research
⑤outside　⑥liquid　⑦pills　⑧vital　⑨tied　⑩Leisure
(二)1.A　2.B
精读课文，完成以下学习任务 　
(一)1～6　BACDDB
(二)1.Adventurous, adaptable, knowledgeable, devoted, brave, calm, persistent, careful, selfdisciplined, healthy, optimistic ...
2．①I would carry out some interesting experiments in a lowgravity environment.
②I would take my favourite food aboard the spacecraft.
③I would take photos of the Earth from different angles and share them with my geography teacher when I return.
④I would keep a record of my daily routine on my vlog to share it with my family and friends back on the Earth.
⑤I would take my beloved dog with me aboard the spacecraft.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①enjoying this great adventure
②enjoying these magical landscapes
(二)①It's strange that
②nothing is more important than life
美文阅读润心
1～3　CDC
7 / 8(共78张PPT)
UNIT 2　Out of this world
把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是“太空探索”。通过了解宇航员的生活及人类探索太空的缘由，深入思考人类探索宇宙的意义并学习宇航员直面挑战、奋勇前进的宝贵品质，培养对未知世界的好奇心与探索精神，加深对国家航天科技发展的认识，增强民族自豪感，立志未来为国家科技进步和航天事业发展贡献力量。
语法项目 掌握主语从句的基本规则，并能在语篇中恰当地运用。
续表
语言输入 听 能从讨论“太空探索”的对话中提取主要信息，判断说话人的态度。
读 能把握讲座文稿的篇章结构，抓住语篇中的关键信息；能把握杂志文章的语篇要义，批判性地审视语篇内容。
看 能理解视频和漫画中的画面、图像、声音、符号、色彩等非文字信息所传达的意义。
续表
语言 输出 写 能使用代词来实现指代，提高语篇的连贯性；能发挥想象力创作故事。
说 能就太空探索方面的重大突破及宇航员应具备的品质以口头形式与同伴交流；能积极讨论。
Section Ⅰ “Reading”
的课文习读环节
目 录
NO.1 课文阅读理解
NO.2 课文写法借鉴
NO.3 美文阅读润心
课时检测
课文阅读理解
NO.1
(一)理清文脉结构
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
float
attached
pressure
scientific research
outside
liquid
pills
vital
tied
Leisure
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．What astronauts do during their free time in space.
B．All the challenges of life in space.
C．What astronauts eat in space.
D．What astronauts see in space.
√
2．What's the main idea of the text
A．Experiments performed by astronauts in space.
B．The daily life of an astronaut in space.
C．Space food that astronauts like to eat.
D．General requirements for astronauts.
√
(一)阅读理解
1．Why do astronauts sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags
A．To sleep well.
B．Not to float around.
C．Not to bother each other.
D．To start their day of work.
√
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
2．What is the astronauts' mission in a space station
A．To conduct scientific research.
B．To evaluate the effects of gravity on animals.
C．To learn more about changes in cells.
D．To locate and track lightning over large regions of the Earth.
√
3．When does the most challenging work take place
A．When astronauts sleep.
B．When astronauts eat.
C．When astronauts perform tasks outside the space station.
D．When astronauts test new equipment.
√
4．Which words can best describe the tasks outside the space station
A．Exciting and interesting.
B．Demanding and enjoyable.
C．Challenging and dangerous.
D．Worthwhile and adventurous.
√
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Most food is fresh in space station.
B．Salt and pepper are in solid form in space station.
C．Liquids can be easily controlled in space station.
D．Spending some time in the gym is very important to astronauts' health.
√
6．What does “it” in the last sentence of the lecture transcript (line 49) refer to
A．Fun in leisure time.
B．All the hardship in space.
C．Exercising every day.
D．Space walking.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．What qualities do you think an astronaut should possess according to the lecture
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Adventurous, adaptable, knowledgeable, devoted, brave, calm, persistent, careful, self－disciplined, healthy, optimistic ...
2．Suppose you are going to stay on the space station for a month — what would you do？(The answers may vary.)
①______________________________________________________ __________________________
②______________________________________________________
I would carry out some interesting experiments in a low－gravity environment.(work)
I would take my favourite food aboard the spacecraft.(eating)
③______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
④______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
⑤______________________________________________________ __________________________
I would take photos of the Earth from different angles and share them with my geography teacher when I return.(leisure activities)
I would keep a record of my daily routine on my vlog to share it with my family and friends back on the Earth.(leisure activities)
I would take my beloved dog with me aboard the spacecraft.(leisure activities)
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为讲座文稿。首段先总体概括了太空生活的感受，然后从睡眠、工作、饮食等方面详细介绍了宇航员在空间站的生活，最后得出结论：太空生活虽然充满挑战，但对宇航员来说，一切都是值得的。读文时注意从首尾段中把握文章主旨。同时，文中运用了列举事例、引用数据等方法增加了文章的生动性和严谨性，阅读时应注意分析这些写作手法的作用。
课文写法借鉴
NO.2
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．My six－month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.
赏析：作者用了adventure“冒险经历”而非experience“经历”来描述自己在太空的生活，用词精准贴切地呈现了生活在太空的危险和刺激。同时修饰词challenging but magical也强调了太空生活的这一特点，特别是magical一词形象地表达了作者谈及这段经历时的激动、感慨和喜悦的心理。
2．Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection.
赏析：本句中将副词hopefully置于句首，充当评注性状语，表达了作者的愿望。这类副词常见的有：fortunately、luckily、obviously、naturally、strictly、dangerously、hurriedly等，这类词可用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人的态度和看问题的角度。
3．Exercise in space is not your average workout.
赏析：本句中使用了动词词组work out合成的名词workout。此类词动静结合，相比于普通名词，更能表达出较为丰富的内涵。
[提能训练]　(选用上述词汇完成句子)
①Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and ___________________________.
苍穹之下，我独自一人，呼吸着新鲜的空气，享受着这场伟大的冒险。
②The Qinghai－Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries.Now, passengers from all over the country have been _________ _______________________.
几个世纪以来，青藏高原是人们向往的地方。如今，来自全国各地的旅客欣赏着这片神奇的土地。
enjoying this great adventure
enjoying
these magical landscapes
(二)赏句式之高　
1．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
赏析：本句中先用It's strange that ...描写了太空生活的艰苦，又用not ...any more刻画了宇航员强大的适应能力以及乐观主义精神。
2．During our leisure time, there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by ...
赏析：本句中否定词nothing与比较级more than连用，表示最高级含义，凸显了强烈的情感。
[提能训练]　(选用上述句式完成句子)
①________________ in Bulgaria shaking one's head should mean “yes”， while nodding means “no”．
奇怪的是，在保加利亚，摇头竟然表示肯定，点头表示否定。
②It is wise of you to give up your possessions in the fire because _________________________________.
火灾(逃生)时放弃财产是明智的，因为没有什么比生命更重要了。
It's strange that
nothing is more important than life
(三)赏衔接之顺　
However, liquids can't be easily controlled in space.We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
赏析：第一句中运用了however，表示与前文之间存在转折关系；第三句中使用了furthermore，表示递进关系，对前面的内容作了进一步的解释说明。衔接词的灵活运用可以增加上下文的连贯性，令文章更加流畅自然。
美文阅读润心
NO.3
自古以来，人类就一直对太空充满了好奇。在现代科学技术的支持下，我们终于有了更多的机会去探索和了解太空。从航天飞机到国际空间站，从火星到土星，人类在太空探索方面的成果越来越多。但对太空探索的质疑也一直存在。太空探索是对时间和金钱的浪费吗？阅读下面文章，了解太空探索的重要意义。
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases.However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
①
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.As a result, space－based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High－end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material.They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries，and everyday products such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
②
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited.In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short－term and long－term problems.
[阅读理解]
1．Why do some people think we should stop wasting time and money exploring space
A．Some countries are so poor that they have no ability to explore space.
B．It's no use exploring the universe.
C．They think that we should pay attention to the problem of poverty, pollution and fatal diseases in the world.
D．Exploring space will bring various disasters to mankind on Earth.
√
2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text
A．Exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
B．Many satellites orbit Earth now due to exploring space.
C．The scientists can provide useful recommendations after analyzing the data transmitted by the satellites.
D．Space technologies are used in industries rather than everyday products.
√
3．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
A．To give tips on how to explore space.
B．To explain various ways of exploring space.
C．To call people's attention to space exploration.
D．To warn people to stop wasting time and money exploring space.
√
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
fatal adj.　　　　　　 致命的；灾难性的
shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的，浅薄的
make a difference 有影响，起作用
transmit v. 传输，传送；发射
analysis n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果
recommendation n. 建议，提议；推荐，推荐信
space－based adj. 基于空间的
high－end adj. 高端的
2．据文悟句式
句①　this is a shallow view ...为省略that的宾语从句，其中含有which引导的定语从句和how引导的宾语从句。
句②　介词短语because of后跟名词短语advanced technology；which was first created to ...为定语从句，修饰先行词advanced technology。
课时检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Next 500 Years — Engineering Life to Reach New Worlds
￥203.00
Hardback： 256 pages　Published： 20/04/2021
Availability：In Stock
DESCRIPTION
Certainly, life on Earth will come to an end, whether because of climate disaster, world wars, or the death of the sun in a few billion years.To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet, perhaps even a new solar system, to live on.
In this challenging and interesting book，Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that.We have a responsibility to act — not only for us human beings but for all other creatures on which we depend.
Mason argues that our technology that has enabled us to build rockets and land on other planets can be applied to redesigning biology so that we can live on those planets.And he makes a 500－year plan for carrying out the huge project.
As they are today, our weak human bodies could never survive travel to another planet.Mason describes the bad effects that long－term space travel had on astronaut Scott Kelly, who returned from a year on the International Space Station with changes to his blood, bones, and genes (基因)．
Mason suggests a ten－period, 500－year program that would engineer our body so that humans can stand the extreme environments of outer space — with the final goal of achieving human settlement of new solar systems.He makes a road map of which solar systems to visit first, and uses biotechnology and genetics to offer a unique vision of the universe to come.
Weight： 620g
Size： 203×137mm
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了图书《未来500年：迈向太空的生命工程之旅》的内容、定价等信息。
1．What does Mason suggest doing in his book
A．Preventing creatures from dying out.
B．Looking for a new home in space.
C．Protecting our home planet.
D．Watching over the activities of the sun.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据DESCRIPTION部分第一段中“To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet ...to live on.”可知，梅森在书中建议在太空中寻找新家园。
2．Which of the following is unclear about the book
A．The publisher.　　　　 B．The price.
C．The weight. D．The author.
解析：细节理解题。根据“￥203.00”可知书的价格；根据“Weight： 620g”可知书的重量；根据DESCRIPTION部分中的“In this challenging and interesting book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that.”可知书的作者。文章没有提及书的出版商。
√
3．Who will buy this book probably
A．People who care about the environment.
B．People who pay more attention to animals.
C．People who are interested in human history.
D．People who want to know more about space.
解析：推理判断题。根据DESCRIPTION部分的内容可以推断出，想要更多了解太空的人会买这本书。
√
B
Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon — a total lunar eclipse (月食) — on the roof of their house.
Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel.So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.
“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said.“She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”
“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.
Dobek's design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in.It also includes the SGF or Self－Growing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design.A simulator (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.
“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said.“Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小学生Emilia Dobek设计火星太空站，并赢得挑战的故事。
4．Dobek first became interested in space when .
A．she was still a seventh grader
B．she studied at a junior high school
C．she lived on the top of their house
D．she watched an eclipse of the moon
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她在三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。
5．Why did Smeeton recommend that Dobek take the challenge
A．She knew Dobek liked challenges in life.
B．She had no other students interested in Mars.
C．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts.
D．She was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Smeeton说的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并能出色完成任务充满信心。
6．What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station
A．The environment on Mars.
B．The safety of the supplies.
C．The activities for astronauts.
D．The comfort of the astronauts.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并结合倒数第二段的内容可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也感到舒适。
7．What is the best title for this text
A．New Space Station Design
B．Leisure Activities for Astronauts
C．7th－grader Won National Prize
D．Patient Teacher Motivated Innovation
√
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容特别是第二段可知，本文讲述了七年级学生Dobek设计前往火星的空间站，赢得国家探索教育“超越挑战”奖的故事。故C项“七年级学生获得国家奖”适合作文章标题。
C
What does it take to become an astronaut It's a question that's been asked since the start of the Space Age in the 1960s.In those days, pilots were considered the most well－trained professionals, so military fliers were first in line to go to space.More recently, people from a wide range of professional backgrounds — doctors, scientists, and even teachers — have trained to live and work in near－Earth orbit.Even so, those selected to go to space must meet high standards.
People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition.Each country's space program has health requirements for its space travelers.They usually assess a candidate's fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions.For example, a good candidate must have the ability to endure the rigors of lift－off and to function in weightlessness.All astronauts must have good visual acuity (视敏度) and normal blood pressure.Beyond that, there is no age limit.Most astronaut trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46, although older people have also flown to space later in their careers.
People who go to space are usually self－confident, risk－takers, adept at stress management and multitasking.They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment.On Earth, astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties, such as speaking to the public, working with other professionals, and sometimes even testifying before government officials.So, astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen as valuable team members.
Often, astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high－level degrees, like PhDs.Others have military training or space industry expertise.Regardless of their background, once an astronaut is accepted into a country's space program, he or she goes through rigorous training to actually live and work in space.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件。
8．Which of the following is of least importance to an astronaut
A．Normal blood pressure.　　 B．Good eyesight.
C．Tough body. D．Young age.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Beyond that, there is no age limit.”可知，相比其他条件，年龄对于宇航员是最不重要的。
9．According to the text, who is likely to be an astronaut
A．One who is strong and healthy.
B．One who has self－confidence.
C．One who can work under great pressure.
D．All of the above.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，宇航员需要健康和强壮的身体；根据第三段中“People who go to space are usually self－confident, risk－takers, adept at stress management and multitasking.”可知，宇航员要充满自信且能承受高压；综合以上信息，故选D项。
10．Why are astronauts asked to perform public duties
A．To make them famous among people.
B．To relieve their feeling of tension.
C．To raise their awareness of teamwork.
D．To promote public interest in the aerospace.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“They also need to be able to work ...seen as valuable team members.”可知，宇航员被要求履行公共职责是为了锻炼他们的团队合作能力，提高他们的团队合作意识，使他们成为团队中有价值的成员。
11．What could be the best title for the text
A．Everyone Can Be an Astronaut
B．The Professional Qualities of an Astronaut
C．Training Astronauts Is Much Easier Nowadays
D．It's Not Mysterious to Be an Astronaut
√
解析：标题归纳题。文章第一句“What does it take to become an astronaut？”以设问的方式引起下文，是文章的主旨句，接下来具体分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的专业素质，包括身体素质、心理素质、专业知识等。故B项“宇航员的职业素质”概括了文章内容，适合作为标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Many of us spent our childhoods dreaming of becoming astronauts.However，the hard reality is that only a select few will make it. 12 Not necessarily.
In fact, some of the space jobs are not only for astronauts, and they all sound just as cool.One of the most interesting space jobs that you may have never heard of is “chief sniffer (嗅探员)”．NASA has already hired a chief sniffer named George Aldrich, whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spacecraft.
13 A spacecraft is of limited size and relatively high temperature, which makes smells stronger inside of it.“Once a spacecraft is launched, astronauts have no way of escaping unpleasant smells，” said Aldrich.More importantly, smelling objects can help identify dangerous chemicals that could threaten astronauts' health.
Another job, the “space tour guide”， may seem a little ahead of its time — after all, what's the point of hiring a tour guide when there aren't any tourists there But now, many private companies are starting to provide space trips. 14
Being a space tour guide requires rich knowledge of astronomy, astrophysics, geography and history to help passengers get the most out of their journey. 15
Astronauts often spend weeks or even months in a small capsule with the same group of people, which is why a “space psychologist” is also needed to help astronauts overcome mental challenges, like feeling bored and lonely.
Rohit Talwar, chief executive of US company Fast Future Research, said, “ 16 Things we've seen in the past in movies are now becoming real career opportunities.”
A．But does that mean you'll never get the chance to work in space
B．Modern astronauts feel less helpless when working as a group.
C．It is impossible that normal people will be able to be a space travel.
D．It may not be long before space becomes a top travel destination.
E．Tour guides also need to be good storytellers to help space travel.
F．We're crossing the boundaries between science fiction and reality.
G．Using your nose at work sounds a little strange, but the job is very important.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种除了宇航员之外的航空工作岗位。
12．选A　上文提到，成为宇航员很困难。再结合下文的“Not necessarily.”可知，空处应是一个问题。故A项“但这是否意味着你永远没有机会在太空工作？”承上启下，符合语境。
13．选G　下文提到，宇宙飞船体积有限，温度也相对较高，这使得飞船内部的气味更强烈。G项“在工作中运用你的鼻子可能听起来有点奇怪，但实际上这项工作是非常重要的”指出嗅探师这个工作岗位很重要，下文是对这一重要性的解读。
14．选D　上文提到，太空旅行越来越盛行。故D项“也许不久太空就会成为一个顶级旅游目的地”承接上文，符合语境。
15．选E　根据上文可知，本段介绍的是成为一名太空导游的高要求。E项“导游还需要能够讲好故事，以帮助太空旅行”与上文一致，也是在阐述对这一工作岗位的要求。
16．选F　根据下文可知，科学家们正致力于让科幻小说中的情节变为现实。故F项“我们正在跨越科幻小说和现实之间的边界”衔接下文，符合语境。UNIT 2　课时检测(一)　“Reading”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Next 500 Years — Engineering Life
to Reach New Worlds
￥203.00
Hardback: 256 pages　Published: 20/04/2021
Availability：In Stock
DESCRIPTION
Certainly, life on Earth will come to an end, whether because of climate disaster, world wars, or the death of the sun in a few billion years.To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet, perhaps even a new solar system, to live on.
In this challenging and interesting book，Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that.We have a responsibility to act — not only for us human beings but for all other creatures on which we depend.
Mason argues that our technology that has enabled us to build rockets and land on other planets can be applied to redesigning biology so that we can live on those planets.And he makes a 500 year plan for carrying out the huge project.
As they are today, our weak human bodies could never survive travel to another planet.Mason describes the bad effects that long term space travel had on astronaut Scott Kelly, who returned from a year on the International Space Station with changes to his blood, bones, and genes (基因)．
Mason suggests a ten period, 500 year program that would engineer our body so that humans can stand the extreme environments of outer space — with the final goal of achieving human settlement of new solar systems.He makes a road map of which solar systems to visit first, and uses biotechnology and genetics to offer a unique vision of the universe to come.
Weight: 620g
Size: 203×137mm
1．What does Mason suggest doing in his book
A．Preventing creatures from dying out.
B．Looking for a new home in space.
C．Protecting our home planet.
D．Watching over the activities of the sun.
2．Which of the following is unclear about the book
A．The publisher.　　　　 B．The price.
C．The weight. D．The author.
3．Who will buy this book probably
A．People who care about the environment.
B．People who pay more attention to animals.
C．People who are interested in human history.
D．People who want to know more about space.
B
Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon — a total lunar eclipse (月食) — on the roof of their house.
Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel.So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.
“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said.“She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”
“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.
Dobek's design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in.It also includes the SGF or Self Growing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design.A simulator (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.
“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said.“Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best.”
4．Dobek first became interested in space when ________.
A．she was still a seventh grader
B．she studied at a junior high school
C．she lived on the top of their house
D．she watched an eclipse of the moon
5．Why did Smeeton recommend that Dobek take the challenge
A．She knew Dobek liked challenges in life.
B．She had no other students interested in Mars.
C．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts.
D．She was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance.
6．What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station
A．The environment on Mars.
B．The safety of the supplies.
C．The activities for astronauts.
D．The comfort of the astronauts.
7．What is the best title for this text
A．New Space Station Design
B．Leisure Activities for Astronauts
C．7th grader Won National Prize
D．Patient Teacher Motivated Innovation
C
What does it take to become an astronaut It's a question that's been asked since the start of the Space Age in the 1960s.In those days, pilots were considered the most well trained professionals, so military fliers were first in line to go to space.More recently, people from a wide range of professional backgrounds — doctors, scientists, and even teachers — have trained to live and work in near Earth orbit.Even so, those selected to go to space must meet high standards.
People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition.Each country's space program has health requirements for its space travelers.They usually assess a candidate's fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions.For example, a good candidate must have the ability to endure the rigors of lift off and to function in weightlessness.All astronauts must have good visual acuity (视敏度) and normal blood pressure.Beyond that, there is no age limit.Most astronaut trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46, although older people have also flown to space later in their careers.
People who go to space are usually self confident, risk takers, adept at stress management and multitasking.They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment.On Earth, astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties, such as speaking to the public, working with other professionals, and sometimes even testifying before government officials.So, astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen as valuable team members.
Often, astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high level degrees, like PhDs.Others have military training or space industry expertise.Regardless of their background, once an astronaut is accepted into a country's space program, he or she goes through rigorous training to actually live and work in space.
8．Which of the following is of least importance to an astronaut
A．Normal blood pressure.　　 B．Good eyesight.
C．Tough body. D．Young age.
9．According to the text, who is likely to be an astronaut
A．One who is strong and healthy.
B．One who has self confidence.
C．One who can work under great pressure.
D．All of the above.
10．Why are astronauts asked to perform public duties
A．To make them famous among people.
B．To relieve their feeling of tension.
C．To raise their awareness of teamwork.
D．To promote public interest in the aerospace.
11．What could be the best title for the text
A．Everyone Can Be an Astronaut
B．The Professional Qualities of an Astronaut
C．Training Astronauts Is Much Easier Nowadays
D．It's Not Mysterious to Be an Astronaut
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Many of us spent our childhoods dreaming of becoming astronauts.However，the hard reality is that only a select few will make it.__12__Not necessarily.
In fact, some of the space jobs are not only for astronauts, and they all sound just as cool.One of the most interesting space jobs that you may have never heard of is “chief sniffer (嗅探员)”．NASA has already hired a chief sniffer named George Aldrich, whose job is to smell materials before they are used in spacecraft.
__13__A spacecraft is of limited size and relatively high temperature, which makes smells stronger inside of it.“Once a spacecraft is launched, astronauts have no way of escaping unpleasant smells，” said Aldrich.More importantly, smelling objects can help identify dangerous chemicals that could threaten astronauts' health.
Another job, the “space tour guide”， may seem a little ahead of its time — after all, what's the point of hiring a tour guide when there aren't any tourists there But now, many private companies are starting to provide space trips.__14__
Being a space tour guide requires rich knowledge of astronomy, astrophysics, geography and history to help passengers get the most out of their journey.__15__
Astronauts often spend weeks or even months in a small capsule with the same group of people, which is why a “space psychologist” is also needed to help astronauts overcome mental challenges, like feeling bored and lonely.
Rohit Talwar, chief executive of US company Fast Future Research, said, “__16__ Things we've seen in the past in movies are now becoming real career opportunities.”
A．But does that mean you'll never get the chance to work in space
B．Modern astronauts feel less helpless when working as a group.
C．It is impossible that normal people will be able to be a space travel.
D．It may not be long before space becomes a top travel destination.
E．Tour guides also need to be good storytellers to help space travel.
F．We're crossing the boundaries between science fiction and reality.
G．Using your nose at work sounds a little strange, but the job is very important.
UNIT 2　课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了图书《未来500年：迈向太空的生命工程之旅》的内容、定价等信息。
1．选B　细节理解题。根据DESCRIPTION部分第一段中“To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet ...to live on.”可知，梅森在书中建议在太空中寻找新家园。
2．选A　细节理解题。根据“￥203.00”可知书的价格；根据“Weight: 620g”可知书的重量；根据DESCRIPTION部分中的“In this challenging and interesting book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that.”可知书的作者。文章没有提及书的出版商。
3．选D　推理判断题。根据DESCRIPTION部分的内容可以推断出，想要更多了解太空的人会买这本书。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小学生Emilia Dobek设计火星太空站，并赢得挑战的故事。
4．选D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她在三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。
5．选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中Smeeton说的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并能出色完成任务充满信心。
6．选D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并结合倒数第二段的内容可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也感到舒适。
7．选C　标题归纳题。根据全文内容特别是第二段可知，本文讲述了七年级学生Dobek设计前往火星的空间站，赢得国家探索教育“超越挑战”奖的故事。故C项“七年级学生获得国家奖”适合作文章标题。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件。
8．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Beyond that, there is no age limit.”可知，相比其他条件，年龄对于宇航员是最不重要的。
9．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，宇航员需要健康和强壮的身体；根据第三段中“People who go to space are usually self confident, risk takers, adept at stress management and multitasking.”可知，宇航员要充满自信且能承受高压；综合以上信息，故选D项。
10．选C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“They also need to be able to work ...seen as valuable team members.”可知，宇航员被要求履行公共职责是为了锻炼他们的团队合作能力，提高他们的团队合作意识，使他们成为团队中有价值的成员。
11．选B　标题归纳题。文章第一句“What does it take to become an astronaut？”以设问的方式引起下文，是文章的主旨句，接下来具体分析了成为一名宇航员需要具备的专业素质，包括身体素质、心理素质、专业知识等。故B项“宇航员的职业素质”概括了文章内容，适合作为标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三种除了宇航员之外的航空工作岗位。
12．选A　上文提到，成为宇航员很困难。再结合下文的“Not necessarily.”可知，空处应是一个问题。故A项“但这是否意味着你永远没有机会在太空工作？”承上启下，符合语境。
13．选G　下文提到，宇宙飞船体积有限，温度也相对较高，这使得飞船内部的气味更强烈。G项“在工作中运用你的鼻子可能听起来有点奇怪，但实际上这项工作是非常重要的”指出嗅探师这个工作岗位很重要，下文是对这一重要性的解读。
14．选D　上文提到，太空旅行越来越盛行。故D项“也许不久太空就会成为一个顶级旅游目的地”承接上文，符合语境。
15．选E　根据上文可知，本段介绍的是成为一名太空导游的高要求。E项“导游还需要能够讲好故事，以帮助太空旅行”与上文一致，也是在阐述对这一工作岗位的要求。
16．选F　根据下文可知，科学家们正致力于让科幻小说中的情节变为现实。故F项“我们正在跨越科幻小说和现实之间的边界”衔接下文，符合语境。
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