资源简介

Section Ⅱ　“Reading”的新知学习环节
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．heritage in danger　　　 濒危________________
2.
3．amazing ancient clay sculptures 惊人的古代____________
4．World Heritage status 世界遗产___________________
5．the internal structure _________________结构
6.
二、重点单词——写其形
1.
2.
3．disastrous ____________ 　　 灾难性后果
4．the next item on the __________ 　 议程上的下一项
5.
6．a cancer ____________ 　 一位癌症专科医生
7．____________ the value of your belongings 评估你的资产的价值
8.
9．the whole ____________ process 　　　 整个咨询过程
10．____________ the meeting 　　　　　 暂停会议
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
violence: adj.变t为ce→n.　
①confident→confidence　　　　　 自信
②important→importance 重要性
③convenient→convenience 方便
④absent→absence 缺席
⑤independent→independence 独立
五、高级词块——通其用
1．________________　 各种各样的
2．________________ 急需
3．________________ 处于危险之中
4．________________ (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平
5．________________ 给……带来损害
6．________________ 爆发；打破
7．________________ 故意地
8．________________ 引起；导致
9．________________ 一系列的
10．________________ (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗
11．________________ 把……作为一个例子
12．________________ 像……这样的人(事物)
13．________________ 由于
14．________________ 　　　 在危险中
15．________________ 当务之急
16．________________ 为了……的利益
17．________________ 尊敬地
18．________________ 一想到
19．________________ 采取行动
20．________________ 参与，参加
1．If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是这样，你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正奋力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化与自然遗产地。
★preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持n.保护区
|用|法|感|知|
·(“建议”类佳句)Our suggestions are that these traditional customs (should) be preserved and handed down one generation after another.
我们的建议是，这些传统习俗应该被保存下来，并代代相传。
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them from being wasted.　
由于自然资源有限，我们应采取行动保护资源不被浪费。
归纳 点拨 (1)preserve ...from (doing) ... 保护……免受…… be well－preserved 保护/保存/保养得好 (2)preservation n. 保护；维护；保存；维持 in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态
联想 发散 与preserve ...from ...结构相似的短语： ①protect ... from ... 保护……以免…… ②
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①As we all know, the police are responsible for the __________ (preserve) of law and order.
②The society was set up to preserve endangered species ____________ extinction.
③Because they are well－preserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.
→__________________________________， pandas live a happy life.(形容词短语作状语)
2．Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
很遗憾，它们正面临各种危险，其中多处急需保护。
★urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的
|用|法|感|知|
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)Environmental protection has become an urgent issue for human beings.
对于人类来说，环境保护已经变成了一个紧迫的问题。
·Our school has urged all the students to participate in the winter long－distance running activity.
我们学校主张所有的学生参加冬季长跑活动。
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)The shortage of water has become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently.
水资源短缺已成为一个迫切需要解决的全球性问题。
归纳点拨 (1)urge v．　　　　　　　 催促；竭力主张 n. 强烈的欲望 urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事 坚决要求/极力主张某人应该做某事 have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 (2)urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地 (3)urgency n. 紧迫；急迫；紧迫性
名师点津 urge后跟that从句或在句型It is urged/urgent that ...中时，that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Parents should actively urge their children ____________ (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②In this box are some stem cells that are ____________ (urgent) needed for a patient.
③They were interrupted by a sudden and ____________ (urge) knock at the door.
④He said that he had ____________ urge to open a department store of his own.
⑤It is urgent that immediate measures ________________ (take) to stop the situation.
(2)一句多译
　随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
⑥Our teacher ____________________________ with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb.to do sth.)
⑦Our teacher ____________________________ with the final exam drawing near.(urge that ...)
3．...in 2003, a terrible earthquake shook south－eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam, an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.
……2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，摧毁了巴姆古城的大部分地区。该古城是一处令人叹为观止的联合国教科文组织文化遗产地。
★ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
|用|法|感|知|
·(“背景描写”佳句)One night the earth quaked, reducing the villages to ruins and causing hundreds of deaths.　一天晚上，大地震动，村庄沦为废墟，数百人失去了生命。
·(“情绪描写”佳句)When I saw my former beautiful house in ruins, I felt a weight on my chest as the sadness swelled inside.
当看到我原本美丽的家园成为废墟时，我感到心头沉甸甸的，悲伤充斥在我的内心。
[归纳点拨]
(1)ruin oneself　　　　 自取灭亡，自毁前程
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途
(2)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
bring ...to ruin 使……毁灭，使……没落
fall/go into ruin 衰落，败落，荒废
[易混辨析]　ruin, damage, destroy
ruin 多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用短语：in ruins “严重受损，破败不堪”
damage 表示不是完全损坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，可构成短语：do/cause damage to “对……造成损害”
destroy 指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In the past ten years, a number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but ____________ (ruin)．
②A large number of buildings fell __________ ruin after the big flood.
③As far as I am concerned, giving up learning means ruining ____________ (you)．
④You will bring yourself ____________ ruin if you don't take your study seriously.
⑤Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay ____________ ruins.
(2)选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)
⑥Many buildings were completely __________ in the earthquake.
⑦The entire village has been washed away and crops have been ____________.
⑧It takes a long time to restore nature once it is ____________.
4．In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.
在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士甚至会故意炸毁遗产地。
★conflict n．(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致vi.冲突，抵触
|用|法|感|知|
·(“建议”类佳句)While conflicting with your friend, it is important to keep calm and put yourself in his place.
当和你的朋友发生冲突时，重要的是要保持冷静并站在对方的立场考虑问题。
·(“建议”类佳句)It is natural to come into conflict with others in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.
在日常生活中与他人发生冲突是很正常的，但我们应该以和平的方式解决冲突。
[归纳点拨]
(1)come into conflict with　　 与……起争执/冲突
in conflict 处于矛盾中
in conflict with 与……冲突
(2)conflict with 与……抵触/冲突
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Many of these ideas appear to be __________ conflict with each other.
②All these measures taken by the company conflicted ____________ the universally accepted business rules.
③Mary often comes ____________ conflict with her classmates because of some trivial matters, which makes her upset.
(2)一句多译
另一方面，做运动是我们生活的重要部分，它与我们的学习并不冲突。
④For another, doing sports is an essential part of our life, which ____________________ our studies.(conflict v．)
⑤For another, doing sports is an essential part of our life, which ____________________ our studies.(conflict n．)
5．For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.
多年来，一个专家小组讨论并评估了修复此塔的各种方法。
★assess vt.评估，评定；估算
|用|法|感|知|
·It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
这些变化带来的影响难以评估。
·The test was to assess aptitude rather than academic achievement.
这次测试是考查能力，而不是学习成绩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)assess sth.at ...　 　 把某物估价为……；
把某物估算为……
assess sth./sb.as ... 把某物/某人评定为……
(2)assessment n. 评价；评估；估价
make an assessment (of) 　　 (对……)做出评估
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①A calm ____________ (assess) predicts a mixed effect of AI on the job market.
②The value of the second－hand car was assessed ____________ 10,000 dollars.
③The young men were assessed ____________ either safe or unsafe drivers.
④It makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks.
→It makes it easier for flight attendants to ______________________ any outside risks.
语言建构与运用正反相对的话题词汇
(教材P47－B2内容的归纳拓展)
本篇文章在讨论遗产地，描述对遗产地造成的破坏时，使用了wear down、 destruction、 ruin、 damage、 destroy、 wear and tear、 harm等负面的词汇；在讲述人们为保护遗产地所做出的努力时，使用了preserve、 protection、 protect、 preservation等正面的词汇。这些词汇的灵活运用精准地传达了作者想要表达的内涵，平时学习中应注意收集这些正反相对的话题词汇，丰富自己的写作语料库。
1．学校生活
praise　　　　　 表扬　　　 succeed　　 成功
gain 获得 win 赢得
obtain 得到 desire 期望
encouragement 鼓励 success 成功
punish 惩罚 blame 责备
disappointment 失望 scold 责骂
fail 失败 failure 失败
2．人物描写
friendly　　　　　　　　　　　 友好的
happy/pleased/delighted/glad 高兴的
calm 平静的
excited 兴奋的
funny 有趣的
able 有能力的
good 好的
excellent 优秀的
active 积极的，主动的
hard－working 工作努力的
learned 有学问的
unfriendly 不友好的
angry 生气的
bored 厌烦的
sad 难过的
sorry 难过的
inexperienced 无经验的
anxious 不安的，担忧的
nervous 紧张不安的
inactive 不活跃的
lazy 懒惰的
unlearned 不学无术的
3．资源节约
save　　　　 节省　　　　 spare　　　 节省
increase 增加 turn off 关掉
unlimited 无限的 necessary 必需的
fertile 肥沃的 renewable 可再生的
waste 浪费 decrease 减少
turn on 打开 limited 有限的
unnecessary 不必要的 barren 荒凉的
4．健康身体
healthy　　　 健康的　 　 exercise　　　 锻炼
improve 提高 strength 力量
illness 疾病 disease 疾病
suffer 遭受 unhealthy 不健康的
[对点练]　(根据提示写单词)
1．Great attention has to be paid to the __________ (减少) of ocean resources.
2．Given that they're __________ (缺乏经验的), they've done a good job.
3．Humans are clearly facing a critical moment, so a move towards clean, ______________ (可再生的) energy is inevitable.
4．Since you have a strong ____________ (愿望) to learn Chinese, I think it is an ideal course for you.
5．But spending too much time online is ________ (不健康的) and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
6．The student is grateful to his English teacher, without whose ____________ (鼓励) he wouldn't have pulled through.
1．I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one!
我相信你们当中有些人听说过联合国教科文组织遗产地，甚至可能已经去过一处了！
感知将学语法——同位语从句
本句中的that引导同位语从句，对the belief进行解释说明。
①There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE.(that引导同位语从句，对the fact进行解释说明)
历史学家就这两座神庙具体建于何时存在着分歧，但没有人否认这一事实，它们建于公元前13世纪。
②They could not prevent the construction of the dam and they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.(whether引导同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明)
他们无法阻止大坝的建设，并且不知道这些寺庙能否从上涨的洪水中获救。
③Some experts, however, had a feeling that it was possible.(that引导同位语从句，对a feeling进行解释说明)
然而，一些专家认为这是可能的。
④Their concern is the issue who will replace the retired manager.(who引导同位语从句，对the issue进行解释说明)
他们的担忧是这个问题：谁将接替退休的经理。
⑤The question when humans first used fire remains controversial.(when引导同位语从句，对The question进行解释说明)
人类是什么时候首次使用火的，这一问题还存在争议。
2．The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect.
我们越明白遗产地突出的普遍价值，就越可能会尊重它们。
(1)“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句；此外本结构可以用省略形式。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
(完成句子/句式升级)
①The more you practice paper－cutting, ______________________.
你练习剪纸越多，你就会越擅长它。
②The more, __________________.
多多益善。
③If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English, you will become more fluent.
→________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
______________________ the questions are, ____________________ he is to answer them.
⑤你学习越努力，学得就越好。
________________ you work, ____________ you'll learn.
⑥你睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上给身体带来的负担就越大。
________________ fat you take in before bedtime, ________________ burden you will put on your body at night.
课文缩写
七选五(根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。)
There are currently around 1,100 heritage sites in more than 160 countries worldwide.Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection. The following are some specific issues.
__1__The long－term natural forces, such as wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites.Natural disasters, the sudden and powerful natural forces, can lead to the destruction of heritage sites.
Another big danger is human activities. __2__Sometimes, amazing ancient clay sculptures and buildings are accidentally destroyed by missile attacks during periods of violence. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems.One of the problems is the flood of tourists.Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year.__3__
__4__ Widespread development puts our cultural and natural heritage sites in danger.Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever.
Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people.__5__
A．Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces.
B．So it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
C．Natural disasters could lead to irreparable destruction of heritage sites.
D．Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind.
E．Wars can cause a great deal of damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites.
F．These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human civilization.
G．Due to human population growth, the demand for production and consumption of goods increases.
Section Ⅱ　“Reading”的新知学习环节
课前词汇默写
一、1.遗产　2.①惊叹　②敬畏　3.泥塑　4.地位　5.内部的　6.①专家小组　②面板
二、1.①ruin　②ruins　2.①conflict; civil　②conflict
3．outcomes　4.agenda　5.①nails　②nail　6.specialist
7．assess　8.①collapse　②collapse　9.consultation
10．suspend
三、1.①civilization　②civilize　2.①preservation　②preserve
3．①urgent　②urgency　③urge　④urgently
4．①incredible　②incredibly　5.①violence　②violent
6．①ecology　②ecological
五、1.a variety of/a wide diversity of　2.in urgent need of
3．at risk　4.wear down　5.cause damage to　6.break out
7．on purpose　8.give rise to　9.a series of　10.wear and tear　11.take ...as an example　12.the likes of　13.due to
14．in danger　15.at the top of the agenda　16.for the benefit of
17．with respect　18.at the thought of　19.take action
20．participate in
核心词汇突破
1．①preservation　②from
③Well preserved in the nature preserve
2．①to take　②urgently　③urgent　④an　⑤(should) be taken
⑥urges us to study hard　⑦urges that we (should) study hard
3．①ruins　②into　③yourself　④to　⑤in　⑥destroyed
⑦ruined　⑧damaged
4．①in　②with　③into　④doesn't conflict with
⑤isn't in conflict with
5．①assessment　②at　③as　④make an assessment of
语言建构与运用
1．decrease　2.inexperienced　3.renewable　4.desire
5．unhealthy　6.encouragement
重点句式解构
2．①the better at it you will become　②the better
③The more time you devote to practicing your spoken English, the more fluent you will become.
④The more difficult; the less likely
⑤The harder; the better　⑥The more; the greater
随堂融通训练
1～5　AEBGD
11 / 12(共114张PPT)
Section Ⅱ“Reading”
的新知学习环节
目 录
NO.1 课前词汇默写
NO.2 核心词汇突破
NO.3 重点句式解构
课时检测
NO.4 随堂融通训练
课前词汇默写
NO.1
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．heritage in danger　　　　　　 濒危______
3．amazing ancient clay sculptures 惊人的古代_______
遗产
惊叹
敬畏
泥塑
4．World Heritage status 世界遗产______
5．the internal structure ________结构
地位
内部的
专家小组
面板
二、重点单词——写其形
ruin
ruins
conflict
civil
conflict
3．disastrous _________ 灾难性后果
4．the next item on the ________ 议程上的下一项
6．a cancer _________ 一位癌症专科医生
outcomes
agenda
nails
nail
specialist
7．_______ the value of your belongings 评估你的资产的价值
9．the whole ___________ process 整个咨询过程
10．_________ the meeting 暂停会议
assess
collapse
collapse
consultation
suspend
三、活用单词——悉其变
civilization
civilize
preservation
preserve
urgent
urgency
urge
urgently
incredible
incredibly
violence
violent
ecology
ecological
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
violence： adj.变t为ce→n.　
①confident→confidence　　　　　 自信
②important→importance 重要性
③convenient→convenience 方便
④absent→absence 缺席
⑤independent→independence 独立
五、高级词块——通其用
1．___________________________ 各种各样的
2．________________ 急需
3．_______ 处于危险之中
4．___________ (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平
5．_______________ 给……带来损害
6．__________ 爆发；打破
a variety of/a wide diversity of
in urgent need of
at risk
wear down
cause damage to
break out
7．___________ 故意地
8．___________ 引起；导致
9．__________ 一系列的
10．_____________ (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗
11．___________________ 把……作为一个例子
12．___________ 像……这样的人(事物)
13．______ 由于
on purpose
give rise to
a series of
wear and tear
take ...as an example
the likes of
due to
14．_________ 在危险中
15．_____________________ 当务之急
16．________________ 为了……的利益
17．___________ 尊敬地
18．________________ 一想到
19．__________ 采取行动
20．_____________ 参与，参加
in danger
at the top of the agenda
for the benefit of
with respect
at the thought of
take action
participate in
核心词汇突破
NO.2
1．If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是这样，你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正奋力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化与自然遗产地。
★preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持n.保护区
|用|法|感|知|
·(“建议”类佳句)Our suggestions are that these traditional customs (should) be preserved and handed down one generation after another.
我们的建议是，这些传统习俗应该被保存下来，并代代相传。
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them from being wasted.　
由于自然资源有限，我们应采取行动保护资源不被浪费。
归纳 点拨 (1)preserve ...from (doing) ... 保护……免受……
be well－preserved 保护/保存/保养得好
(2)preservation n. 保护；维护；保存；维持
in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态
联想 发散 与preserve ...from ...结构相似的短语：
①protect ... from ... 保护……以免……
②
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①As we all know, the police are responsible for the ____________ (preserve) of law and order.
②The society was set up to preserve endangered species ______ extinction.
preservation
from
③Because they are well－preserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.
→___________________________________, pandas live a happy life.(形容词短语作状语)
Well－preserved in the nature preserve
2．Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
很遗憾，它们正面临各种危险，其中多处急需保护。
★urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的
|用|法|感|知|
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)Environmental protection has become an urgent issue for human beings.
对于人类来说，环境保护已经变成了一个紧迫的问题。
·Our school has urged all the students to participate in the winter long－distance running activity.
我们学校主张所有的学生参加冬季长跑活动。
·(“环境保护”主题佳句)The shortage of water has become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently.　水资源短缺已成为一个迫切需要解决的全球性问题。
归纳点拨 (1)urge v．　　　　　　　 催促；竭力主张
n. 强烈的欲望
urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
坚决要求/极力主张某人应该做某事
have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
续表
归纳点拨 (2)urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地
(3)urgency n. 紧迫；急迫；紧迫性
名师点津 urge后跟that从句或在句型It is urged/urgent that ...中时，that从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Parents should actively urge their children _________ (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
②In this box are some stem cells that are ________ (urgent) needed for a patient.
to take
urgently
③They were interrupted by a sudden and ________ (urge) knock at the door.
④He said that he had ___ urge to open a department store of his own.
⑤It is urgent that immediate measures _________________ (take) to stop the situation.
urgent
an
(should) be taken
(2)一句多译
随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
⑥Our teacher _____________________ with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb.to do sth.)
⑦Our teacher _______________________________ with the final exam drawing near.(urge that ...)
urges that we (should) study hard
urges us to study hard
3．...in 2003, a terrible earthquake shook south－eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam, an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.
……2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，摧毁了巴姆古城的大部分地区。该古城是一处令人叹为观止的联合国教科文组织文化遗产地。
★ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
|用|法|感|知|
·(“背景描写”佳句)One night the earth quaked, reducing the villages to ruins and causing hundreds of deaths.　
一天晚上，大地震动，村庄沦为废墟，数百人失去了生命。
·(“情绪描写”佳句)When I saw my former beautiful house in ruins, I felt a weight on my chest as the sadness swelled inside.
当看到我原本美丽的家园成为废墟时，我感到心头沉甸甸的，悲伤充斥在我的内心。
[归纳点拨]
(1)ruin oneself　　　　 自取灭亡，自毁前程
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途
(2)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
bring ...to ruin 使……毁灭，使……没落
fall/go into ruin 衰落，败落，荒废
[易混辨析]　ruin, damage, destroy
ruin 多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用短语：in ruins “严重受损，破败不堪”
damage 表示不是完全损坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，可构成短语：do/cause damage to “对……造成损害”
destroy 指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In the past ten years, a number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but _______(ruin)．
②A large number of buildings fell ______ ruin after the big flood.
③As far as I am concerned, giving up learning means ruining _________ (you)．
ruins
into
yourself
④You will bring yourself ____ ruin if you don't take your study seriously.
⑤Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay ___ ruins.
to
in
(2)选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)
⑥Many buildings were completely __________ in the earthquake.
⑦The entire village has been washed away and crops have been _______.
⑧It takes a long time to restore nature once it is _________.
destroyed
ruined
damaged
4．In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.
在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士甚至会故意炸毁遗产地。
★conflict n．(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致vi.冲突，抵触
|用|法|感|知|
·(“建议”类佳句)While conflicting with your friend, it is important to keep calm and put yourself in his place.
当和你的朋友发生冲突时，重要的是要保持冷静并站在对方的立场考虑问题。
·(“建议”类佳句)It is natural to come into conflict with others in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.
在日常生活中与他人发生冲突是很正常的，但我们应该以和平的方式解决冲突。
[归纳点拨]
(1)come into conflict with　　 与……起争执/冲突
in conflict 处于矛盾中
in conflict with 与……冲突
(2)conflict with 与……抵触/冲突
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Many of these ideas appear to be ___ conflict with each other.
②All these measures taken by the company conflicted ______ the universally accepted business rules.
③Mary often comes ______ conflict with her classmates because of some trivial matters, which makes her upset.
in
with
into
(2)一句多译
　另一方面，做运动是我们生活的重要部分，它与我们的学习并不冲突。
④For another, doing sports is an essential part of our life, which ___________________ our studies.(conflict v．)
⑤For another, doing sports is an essential part of our life, which ___________________ our studies.(conflict n．)
doesn't conflict with
isn't in conflict with
5．For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.
多年来，一个专家小组讨论并评估了修复此塔的各种方法。
★assess vt.评估，评定；估算
|用|法|感|知|
·It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
这些变化带来的影响难以评估。
·The test was to assess aptitude rather than academic achievement.
这次测试是考查能力，而不是学习成绩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)assess sth.at ...　　　　 把某物估价为……；
把某物估算为……
assess sth./sb.as ... 把某物/某人评定为……
(2)assessment n. 评价；评估；估价
make an assessment (of) (对……)做出评估
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①A calm ___________ (assess) predicts a mixed effect of AI on the job market.
②The value of the second－hand car was assessed __ 10,000 dollars.
③The young men were assessed ___ either safe or unsafe drivers.
④It makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks.
→It makes it easier for flight attendants to _____________________ any outside risks.
assessment
at
as
make an assessment of
语言建构与运用|正反相对的话题词汇
(教材P47－B2内容的归纳拓展)
本篇文章在讨论遗产地，描述对遗产地造成的破坏时，使用了wear down、 destruction、 ruin、 damage、 destroy、 wear and tear、 harm等负面的词汇；在讲述人们为保护遗产地所做出的努力时，使用了preserve、 protection、 protect、 preservation等正面的词汇。这些词汇的灵活运用精准地传达了作者想要表达的内涵，平时学习中应注意收集这些正反相对的话题词汇，丰富自己的写作语料库。
1．学校生活
praise　　　　 表扬　　　 succeed　　 成功
gain 获得 win 赢得
obtain 得到 desire 期望
encouragement 鼓励 success 成功
punish 惩罚 blame 责备
disappointment 失望 scold 责骂
fail 失败 failure 失败
2．人物描写
friendly　　　　　　　　　　　 友好的
happy/pleased/delighted/glad 高兴的
calm 平静的
excited 兴奋的
funny 有趣的
able 有能力的
good 好的
excellent 优秀的
active 积极的，主动的
hard－working 工作努力的
learned 有学问的
unfriendly 不友好的
angry 生气的
bored 厌烦的
sad 难过的
sorry 难过的
inexperienced 无经验的
anxious 不安的，担忧的
nervous 紧张不安的
inactive 不活跃的
lazy 懒惰的
unlearned 不学无术的
3．资源节约
save　　　　 节省　　　　 spare　　　 节省
increase 增加 turn off 关掉
unlimited 无限的 necessary 必需的
fertile 肥沃的 renewable 可再生的
waste 浪费 decrease 减少
turn on 打开 limited 有限的
unnecessary 不必要的 barren 荒凉的
4．健康身体
healthy　　　 健康的　 　 exercise　　　 锻炼
improve 提高 strength 力量
illness 疾病 disease 疾病
suffer 遭受 unhealthy 不健康的
[对点练]　(根据提示写单词)
1．Great attention has to be paid to the ________ (减少) of ocean resources.
2．Given that they're ______________ (缺乏经验的), they've done a good job.
3．Humans are clearly facing a critical moment, so a move towards clean, ___________ (可再生的) energy is inevitable.
decrease
inexperienced
renewable
4．Since you have a strong _______ (愿望) to learn Chinese, I think it is an ideal course for you.
5．But spending too much time online is _________ (不健康的) and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
6．The student is grateful to his English teacher, without whose ______________ (鼓励) he wouldn't have pulled through.
desire
unhealthy
encouragement
重点句式解构
NO.3
1．I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one!
我相信你们当中有些人听说过联合国教科文组织遗产地，甚至可能已经去过一处了！
感知将学语法——同位语从句
本句中的that引导同位语从句，对the belief进行解释说明。
①There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE.(that引导同位语从句，对the fact进行解释说明)
历史学家就这两座神庙具体建于何时存在着分歧，但没有人否认这一事实，它们建于公元前13世纪。
②They could not prevent the construction of the dam and they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.(whether引导同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明)
他们无法阻止大坝的建设，并且不知道这些寺庙能否从上涨的洪水中获救。
③Some experts, however, had a feeling that it was possible.(that引导同位语从句，对a feeling进行解释说明)
然而，一些专家认为这是可能的。
④Their concern is the issue who will replace the retired manager.(who引导同位语从句，对the issue进行解释说明)
他们的担忧是这个问题：谁将接替退休的经理。
⑤The question when humans first used fire remains controversial.(when引导同位语从句，对The question进行解释说明)
人类是什么时候首次使用火的，这一问题还存在争议。
2．The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect.
我们越明白遗产地突出的普遍价值，就越可能会尊重它们。
(1)“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句；此外本结构可以用省略形式。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
(完成句子/句式升级)
①The more you practice paper－cutting, ____________________ _________.
你练习剪纸越多，你就会越擅长它。
②The more, ___________.
多多益善。
the better at it you will
become
the better
③If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English, you will become more fluent.
→____________________________________________________________________________________
The more time you devote to practicing your spoken English, the more fluent you will become.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
_________________ the questions are, _____________ he is to answer them.
⑤你学习越努力，学得就越好。
__________ you work, __________ you'll learn.
The more difficult
the less likely
The harder
the better
⑥你睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上给身体带来的负担就越大。
___________ fat you take in before bedtime, ___________ burden you will put on your body at night.
The more
the greater
随堂融通训练
NO.4
课文缩写七选五
根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are currently around 1,100 heritage sites in more than 160 countries worldwide.Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection. The following are some specific issues.
1 The long－term natural forces, such as wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites.Natural disasters, the sudden and powerful natural forces, can lead to the destruction of heritage sites.
Another big danger is human activities. 2 Sometimes, amazing ancient clay sculptures and buildings are accidentally destroyed by missile attacks during periods of violence. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems.One of the problems is the flood of tourists.Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year. 3
4 Widespread development puts our cultural and natural heritage sites in danger.Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever.
Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. 5
A．Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces.
B．So it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
C．Natural disasters could lead to irreparable destruction of heritage sites.
D．Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind.
E．Wars can cause a great deal of damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites.
F．These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human civilization.
G．Due to human population growth, the demand for production and consumption of goods increases.
答案：1～5　AEBGD
课时检测
第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练
(一)单词拼写(6分)
(1)They looked at him with a mixture of horror, envy, and ____ (敬畏)．
(2)The ancient ___________ (文明) of Central and Latin America were founded upon corn.
(3)He is considered to be the father of modern British _________ (雕塑)．
awe
civilizations
sculpture
(4)The love story unfolds against a background of ______ (国内的) war.
(5)Women were only asking to be given equal ______ (地位) with men.
(6)Try to keep any _______ (冲突) between you and your partner to a minimum.
civil
status
conflict
(二)单句语法填空(12分)
(7)They had found a prehistoric boat, ___________ (preserve) by the type of sediment in which it was buried.
(8)The government must deal with this as a matter of _________ (urgent)．
(9)The storm was so ________ (violence) that we had to cancel our sports meeting.
preserved
urgency
violent
(10)___________ (incredible), in January 2001, this ancient structure survived a devastating earthquake that measured 7.
(11)I think it may take some time before we can have an accurate ___________ (assess) of the damage.
(12)Years of fighting have left the area in ______ (ruin)．
Incredibly
assessment
ruins
(三)选词填空(20分)
(13)The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of _____________.
(14)They hoped the waiting and the uncertainty wouldn't ______ _______ my resistance.
give rise to，cause severe damage to，take ...as an example， wear down，at the thought of，in urgent need of，take action，for the benefit of，the likes of，wear and tear
wear and tear
wear
down
(15)The earthquake victims are __________________ medical supplies.
(16)You should make friends with ___________ him.
(17)We need more time to see how things develop before we _____ _______.
(18)Fire has ________________________ the contents of the building.
in urgent need of
the likes of
take
action
caused severe damage to
(19)He breaks out in a sweat just ________________ flying.
(20)______ one of the great American scientists Thomas Edison ______________.
(21)You need people working ________________ the community.
(22)These submarine earthquakes sometimes ____________ huge sea waves.
at the thought of
Take
as an example
for the benefit of
give rise to
(四)完成句子(8分)
(23)__________ the ground is, ___________ the air becomes.
离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。
(24)The news _____________________ is surprising.
他将出国的消息令人惊讶。
(25)Did Luke sell them ______, what happened to the money
卢克把它们卖了吗？如果是这样的话，钱到哪里去了？
The higher
the thinner
that he will go abroad
If so
(26)What the young lack now is __________________________ ___________________.
年轻人现在缺少的不仅仅是书本知识还有实践经验。
not just book knowledge but
practical experience
第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练
(标 语篇配有教师讲评课件)
(一)阅读理解
Archaeological findings show that Chankillo, which is located in the desert of Peru near the Casma－Sechin river, may be the earliest known observatory (天文台) in the Americas.Built over 2,300 years ago, the site has a platform, thirteen towers on the nearby hill, and a temple.There are also stones and walls with confusing entrances to
prevent visitors who are not welcome.New discovery has found that Chankillo was used for a short period of time between the fourth century BCE and the early first century CE.But it was later given up, and remained largely forgotten until the nineteenth century.
Chankillo is unique among ancient observatory sites because of its two observation points； similar sites around the world only have one point, which does not provide the measurement to track passage of time over a full year.The thirteen towers of Chankillo, located between two observation points, mark the full year's cycle (循环) of sunrises or sunsets, which slowly move across the skyline throughout the year.
By watching the sunrise or sunset from the observation points, the people in Chankillo would have been able to determine the date within one to two days and could therefore work out the schedule of seasonal events, including planting and gathering times, as well as the festivals.Archaeological findings at Chankillo also suggest that sun admiration appeared in the Andes around 2,000 years before the well－known Inca Empire.
In July 2021, the Chankillo Observatory was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List as an outstanding example of architectural and scientific heritage in human history.This choice shows that it's very important for learning about how ancient people thought and watched the skies, ensuring this special heritage continues to benefit all people.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于秘鲁沙漠中的Chankillo天文台，详细阐述了其历史背景、建筑特点、用途以及被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的重要性。
1．What prevented unwelcome visitors from entering Chankillo
A．A temple.　　　　 B．Thirteen towers.
C．A platform. D．Confusing entrances.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There are also stones and walls with confusing entrances to prevent visitors who are not welcome.”可知，带有迷宫般入口的石头和围墙阻止了不受欢迎的访客进入Chankillo。
2．Why was Chankillo unique among ancient observatories
A．It had the oldest design.
B．It was built in the desert.
C．It tracked the passage of time.
D．It had two observation points.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Chankillo is unique among ancient observatory sites because of its two observation points； similar sites around the world only have one point, which does not provide the measurement to track passage of time over a full year.”可知，Chankillo在古代天文台遗址中独特是因为它有两个观测点，而世界上类似遗址通常只有一个观测点。
3．Which of the following events was most likely to happen to people in Chankillo
A．They divided a year into 12 months.
B．They celebrated the Spring Festival.
C．They farmed according to the seasons.
D．They got their food mainly by hunting.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By watching the sunrise or sunset from the observation points, the people in Chankillo would have been able to determine the date within one to two days and could therefore work out the schedule of seasonal events, including planting and gathering times, as well as the festivals.”可知，Chankillo的人们通过观测日出日落确定日期，从而制定季节性活动日程，包括种植和收获时间。这表明他们会根据季节进行农耕活动。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Chankillo： an Ancient Observatory
B．UNESCO's World Heritage List
C．The Inca Empire and Sun Admiration
D．The History of Peru's Ancient Sites
√
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文特别是第一段可知，文章围绕位于秘鲁的Chankillo天文台展开，介绍了其建筑特点、独特之处、用途以及被列入世界遗产名录等内容。故A项“Chankillo：一个古代天文台”适合作文章标题。
(二)完形填空( )
Ciudad Perdida, Colombia's “Lost City” is older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing of 5 travels to reach its ruins.The remote place is only 6 on foot： a tiring multi－day hike.
Despite this, I couldn't 7 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.12 other hikers and I went there in 8 with a licensed guide.The dirt path, which 9 through towering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved 10 right from the start. Along the way we also met the 11 .They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there's a deep 12 between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to 13 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already 14 by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to 15 .After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had 16 the backbreaking journey： Ciudad Perdida.
I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below.While the return trip included 17 the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do 18 .It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 19 one.Earned views are always better.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。哥伦比亚的“失落之城”佩尔迪达城比马丘比丘还要古老。作者在导游的带领下和其他徒步旅行者历经千辛万苦抵达这座城市，一睹其神秘面貌，收获满满。
解析：根据下文中的“on foot： a tiring multi－day hike”可知，到那里需要步行且需要花费几天时间。由此可知，没有火车或公共汽车能实现让你轻易到达这座城市的遗址。
5．A.long　　　　　　　　　 B．endless
C．frequent D．easy
√
解析：到达这个偏远地方的唯一方式是步行。accessible“可到达的”。
6．A.impressive B．accessible
C．worthwhile D．dangerous
√
解析：根据下文提到作者进行了这次旅行可知，此处表示尽管有这个(困难)，作者还是抵挡不了参观佩尔迪达城的机会。
7．A.resist B．obtain
C．promote D．find
√
解析：作者和另外12个徒步旅行者在导游的陪同下前往那里。in company with“与……一起”。
8．A.company B．combination
C．harmony D．communication
√
解析：这条土路蜿蜒曲折，穿过高耸的棕榈树和悬挂的藤蔓，从一开始就颇具挑战性(challenging)。wind意为“蜿蜒，曲折而行”。
9．A.buried B．spread
C．spun D．wound
√
解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.disappointing B．embarrassing
C．challenging D．amazing
√
解析：根据下文的“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，作者他们在路上遇到了当地人(natives)。
11．A.natives B．visitors
C．guides D．drivers
√
解析：几个世纪以来，他们没有被打扰，与这片土地有着深厚的关系(bond)。
12．A.similarity B．distinction
C．bond D．belief
√
解析：根据空前的“we were off early to”和空后的“but high temperatures”可知，此处表示作者他们趁着天不热早早出发。beat意为“避免，逃避”。
13．A.reduce B．beat
C．test D．feel
√
解析：当作者他们到达最后一段路程的时候，气温开始上升，浑身肌肉开始(set in)酸疼。watch out“小心，注意”；cut off“剪掉，中断”；give in“屈服，让步”。
14．A.watched out B．cut off
C．set in D．given in
√
解析：这段路需要走完1 200阶石阶。cover“行走(一段路程)”。
15．A.construct B．pick
C．cover D．explore
√
解析：最终，作者的目光落在了佩尔迪达城的景色上，而这正是作者进行这次艰苦旅行的原因。motivate“成为……的动机，是……的原因”。
16．A.convinced B．predicted
C．motivated D．simplified
√
解析：尽管返程需要克服(overcoming)他们因完成目标而懈怠的心理障碍，作者还是愿意再经历一次。
17．A.overcoming B．memorizing
C．observing D．fixing
√
解析：参见上题解析。
18．A.otherwise B．again
C．though D．instead
√
解析：根据作者这次旅行的经历和最后作者的感悟“Earned views are always better.”可知，困难让这次旅行变得更有意义(rewarding)。
19．A.rewarding B．sensitive
C．popular D．flexible
√
(三)语法填空(15分)
In 79 CE, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, 20 (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings.Archaeologists have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool — virtual reality (VR) — for understanding 21 Pompeii might once have looked like.
Researchers, Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones to create 22 3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings, then 23 (feed) the reconstruction into a video game system where a VR model is made.The idea is not just to recreate the buildings 24 to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them.Campanaro and Landeschi asked 25 (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light.
The researchers used special eye－tracking technology to record 26 (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long.From this, the team concluded that the building used clever designs 27 (draw) attention to the very objects 28 showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, whose ring was found 29 the ruins.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家们用新的虚拟现实技术了解庞贝城的过去。
20．was destroyed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 “In 79 CE”可知，此处应使用一般过去时；谓语动词destroy与主语the ancient Roman city of Pompeii之间存在被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语应用单数形式。
21．what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少介词like的宾语，指物，表示“……的(样子)”，应用连词代词what。
22．a　考查冠词。空处修饰后面的可数名词单数reconstruction，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且3D以辅音音素开头，故填a。
23．feeding　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作状语，动词feed与句子主语Researchers之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。
24．but　考查固定搭配。not just ...but ...意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。
25．volunteers　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，volunteer 为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填volunteers。
26．exactly　考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词record，应用副词形式。故填exactly意为“准确地”。
27．to draw　考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.意为“使用某物去做某事”，为固定用法。
28．that　考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应用关系代词；先行词objects指物，且其前有the very修饰，所以空处只能用that引导从句。
29．in　考查介词。此处表示“在废墟中”，需要用介词in，表示地点，意为“在……内部”。
(四)主题微写作(15分)
本课时的课文是一位联合国教科文组织的工作人员所做的讲座文稿。假设你们班昨天观看了该讲座的线上视频，请你以“An Impressive Lecture on Heritage”为题，给校英文报写一篇报道。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
参考范文：
An Impressive Lecture on Heritage
Yesterday, we watched an impressive lecture on heritage online given by a UNESCO official.
He began by emphasizing the significance of the heritage sites.Then he highlighted the dangers that heritage sites face and analysed the reasons using some specific examples.
The lecture makes us realize the importance of heritage sites, and we should treat them with respect because they are our legacy.It also raises awareness that every one of us should shoulder the responsibility of protecting and preserving them by taking immediate action and participating in any way one can.UNIT 4　课时检测(二)　“Reading”的新知学习环节
第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练
(一)单词拼写(6分)
(1)They looked at him with a mixture of horror, envy, and ____________ (敬畏)．
(2)The ancient ____________ (文明) of Central and Latin America were founded upon corn.
(3)He is considered to be the father of modern British ____________ (雕塑)．
(4)The love story unfolds against a background of ____________ (国内的) war.
(5)Women were only asking to be given equal ____________ (地位) with men.
(6)Try to keep any ____________ (冲突) between you and your partner to a minimum.
(二)单句语法填空(12分)
(7)They had found a prehistoric boat, ____________ (preserve) by the type of sediment in which it was buried.
(8)The government must deal with this as a matter of ____________ (urgent)．
(9)The storm was so ____________ (violence) that we had to cancel our sports meeting.
(10)____________ (incredible), in January 2001, this ancient structure survived a devastating earthquake that measured 7.
(11)I think it may take some time before we can have an accurate ____________ (assess) of the damage.
(12)Years of fighting have left the area in ____________ (ruin)．
(三)选词填空(20分)
give rise to, cause severe damage to, take ...as an example, wear down, at the thought of, in urgent need of, take action, for the benefit of, the likes of, wear and tear
(13)The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of ______________________.
(14)They hoped the waiting and the uncertainty wouldn't ________________ my resistance.
(15)The earthquake victims are ________________ medical supplies.
(16)You should make friends with ________________ him.
(17)We need more time to see how things develop before we _________________.
(18)Fire has _____________________________ the contents of the building.
(19)He breaks out in a sweat just ____________________ flying.
(20)______________________________ one of the great American scientists Thomas Edison ____________________________.
(21)You need people working ____________________ the community.
(22)These submarine earthquakes sometimes __________________________ huge sea waves.
(四)完成句子(8分)
(23)______________________ the ground is, ________________ the air becomes.
离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。
(24)The news ____________________________ is surprising.
他将出国的消息令人惊讶。
(25)Did Luke sell them ________________， what happened to the money
卢克把它们卖了吗？如果是这样的话，钱到哪里去了？
(26)What the young lack now is ________________________________________________.
年轻人现在缺少的不仅仅是书本知识还有实践经验。
第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练
(标语篇配有教师讲评课件。选择题在答题区内作答，主观题在题后作答)
(一)阅读理解
Archaeological findings show that Chankillo, which is located in the desert of Peru near the Casma Sechin river, may be the earliest known observatory (天文台) in the Americas.Built over 2,300 years ago, the site has a platform, thirteen towers on the nearby hill, and a temple.There are also stones and walls with confusing entrances to prevent visitors who are not welcome.New discovery has found that Chankillo was used for a short period of time between the fourth century BCE and the early first century CE.But it was later given up, and remained largely forgotten until the nineteenth century.
Chankillo is unique among ancient observatory sites because of its two observation points; similar sites around the world only have one point, which does not provide the measurement to track passage of time over a full year.The thirteen towers of Chankillo, located between two observation points, mark the full year's cycle (循环) of sunrises or sunsets, which slowly move across the skyline throughout the year.
By watching the sunrise or sunset from the observation points, the people in Chankillo would have been able to determine the date within one to two days and could therefore work out the schedule of seasonal events, including planting and gathering times, as well as the festivals.Archaeological findings at Chankillo also suggest that sun admiration appeared in the Andes around 2,000 years before the well known Inca Empire.
In July 2021, the Chankillo Observatory was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List as an outstanding example of architectural and scientific heritage in human history.This choice shows that it's very important for learning about how ancient people thought and watched the skies, ensuring this special heritage continues to benefit all people.
1．What prevented unwelcome visitors from entering Chankillo
A．A temple.　　　　 B．Thirteen towers.
C．A platform. D．Confusing entrances.
2．Why was Chankillo unique among ancient observatories
A．It had the oldest design.
B．It was built in the desert.
C．It tracked the passage of time.
D．It had two observation points.
3．Which of the following events was most likely to happen to people in Chankillo
A．They divided a year into 12 months.
B．They celebrated the Spring Festival.
C．They farmed according to the seasons.
D．They got their food mainly by hunting.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Chankillo: an Ancient Observatory
B．UNESCO's World Heritage List
C．The Inca Empire and Sun Admiration
D．The History of Peru's Ancient Sites
(二)完形填空()
Ciudad Perdida, Colombia's “Lost City” is older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing of __5__ travels to reach its ruins.The remote place is only __6__ on foot: a tiring multi day hike.
Despite this, I couldn't __7__ the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.12 other hikers and I went there in __8__ with a licensed guide.The dirt path, which __9__ through towering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved __10__ right from the start. Along the way we also met the __11__.They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there's a deep __12__ between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to __13__ the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already __14__ by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to __15__.After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had __16__ the backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida.
I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below.While the return trip included __17__the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do __18__.It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more __19__ one.Earned views are always better.
5.A.long　　　　　　　　 B．endless
C．frequent D．easy
6．A.impressive B．accessible
C．worthwhile D．dangerous
7．A.resist B．obtain
C．promote D．find
8．A.company B．combination
C．harmony D．communication
9．A.buried B．spread
C．spun D．wound
10．A.disappointing B．embarrassing
C．challenging D．amazing
11．A.natives B．visitors
C．guides D．drivers
12．A.similarity B．distinction
C．bond D．belief
13．A.reduce B．beat
C．test D．feel
14．A.watched out B．cut off
C．set in D．given in
15．A.construct B．pick
C．cover D．explore
16．A.convinced B．predicted
C．motivated D．simplified
17．A.overcoming B．memorizing
C．observing D．fixing
18．A.otherwise B．again
C．though D．instead
19．A.rewarding B．sensitive
C．popular D．flexible
(三)语法填空(15分)
In 79 CE, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, 20.____________ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings.Archaeologists have been observing it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool — virtual reality (VR) — for understanding 21.____________Pompeii might once have looked like.
Researchers, Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones to create 22.____________ 3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings, then 23.____________ (feed) the reconstruction into a video game system where a VR model is made.The idea is not just to recreate the buildings 24.____________ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them.Campanaro and Landeschi asked 25.____________ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light.The researchers used special eye tracking technology to record 26.____________ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long.From this, the team concluded that the building used clever designs 27.____________ (draw) attention to the very objects 28.____________ showed off the wealth and status of its owner — perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, whose ring was found 29.____________ the ruins.
(四)主题微写作(15分)(建议教师批阅)
本课时的课文是一位联合国教科文组织的工作人员所做的讲座文稿。假设你们班昨天观看了该讲座的线上视频，请你以“An Impressive Lecture on Heritage”为题，给校英文报写一篇报道。
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
________________________________________________________________　
UNIT 4　课时检测(二)
第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练
(一)(1)awe　(2)civilizations　(3)sculpture　(4)civil
(5)status　(6)conflict
(二)(7)preserved　(8)urgency　(9)violent　(10)Incredibly　(11)assessment　(12)ruins
(三)(13)wear and tear　(14)wear down 　(15)in urgent need of
(16)the likes of　(17)take action
(18)caused severe damage to　(19)at the thought of
(20)Take; as an example　(21)for the benefit of
(22)give rise to
(四)(23)The higher; the thinner
(24)that he will go abroad　(25)If so
(26)not just book knowledge but practical experience
第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练
(一)阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于秘鲁沙漠中的Chankillo天文台，详细阐述了其历史背景、建筑特点、用途以及被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的重要性。
1．选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There are also stones and walls with confusing entrances to prevent visitors who are not welcome.”可知，带有迷宫般入口的石头和围墙阻止了不受欢迎的访客进入Chankillo。
2．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Chankillo is unique among ancient observatory sites because of its two observation points; similar sites around the world only have one point, which does not provide the measurement to track passage of time over a full year.”可知，Chankillo在古代天文台遗址中独特是因为它有两个观测点，而世界上类似遗址通常只有一个观测点。
3．选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By watching the sunrise or sunset from the observation points, the people in Chankillo would have been able to determine the date within one to two days and could therefore work out the schedule of seasonal events, including planting and gathering times, as well as the festivals.”可知，Chankillo的人们通过观测日出日落确定日期，从而制定季节性活动日程，包括种植和收获时间。这表明他们会根据季节进行农耕活动。
4．选A　标题归纳题。通读全文特别是第一段可知，文章围绕位于秘鲁的Chankillo天文台展开，介绍了其建筑特点、独特之处、用途以及被列入世界遗产名录等内容。故A项“Chankillo：一个古代天文台”适合作文章标题。
(二)完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。哥伦比亚的“失落之城”佩尔迪达城比马丘比丘还要古老。作者在导游的带领下和其他徒步旅行者历经千辛万苦抵达这座城市，一睹其神秘面貌，收获满满。
5．选D　根据下文中的“on foot: a tiring multi day hike”可知，到那里需要步行且需要花费几天时间。由此可知，没有火车或公共汽车能实现让你轻易到达这座城市的遗址。
6．选B　到达这个偏远地方的唯一方式是步行。accessible“可到达的”。
7．选A　根据下文提到作者进行了这次旅行可知，此处表示尽管有这个(困难)，作者还是抵挡不了参观佩尔迪达城的机会。
8．选A　作者和另外12个徒步旅行者在导游的陪同下前往那里。in company with“与……一起”。
9．选D　这条土路蜿蜒曲折，穿过高耸的棕榈树和悬挂的藤蔓，从一开始就颇具挑战性(challenging)。wind意为“蜿蜒，曲折而行”。
10．选C　参见上题解析。
11．选A　根据下文的“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，作者他们在路上遇到了当地人(natives)。
12．选C　几个世纪以来，他们没有被打扰，与这片土地有着深厚的关系(bond)。
13．选B　根据空前的“we were off early to”和空后的“but high temperatures”可知，此处表示作者他们趁着天不热早早出发。beat意为“避免，逃避”。
14．选C　当作者他们到达最后一段路程的时候，气温开始上升，浑身肌肉开始(set in)酸疼。watch out“小心，注意”；cut off“剪掉，中断”；give in“屈服，让步”。
15．选C　这段路需要走完1 200阶石阶。cover“行走(一段路程)”。
16．选C　最终，作者的目光落在了佩尔迪达城的景色上，而这正是作者进行这次艰苦旅行的原因。motivate“成为……的动机，是……的原因”。
17．选A　尽管返程需要克服(overcoming)他们因完成目标而懈怠的心理障碍，作者还是愿意再经历一次。
18．选B　参见上题解析。
19．选A　根据作者这次旅行的经历和最后作者的感悟“Earned views are always better.”可知，困难让这次旅行变得更有意义(rewarding)。
(三)语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家们用新的虚拟现实技术了解庞贝城的过去。
20．was destroyed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 “In 79 CE”可知，此处应使用一般过去时；谓语动词destroy与主语the ancient Roman city of Pompeii之间存在被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语应用单数形式。
21．what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少介词like的宾语，指物，表示“……的(样子)”，应用连词代词what。
22．a　考查冠词。空处修饰后面的可数名词单数reconstruction，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且3D以辅音音素开头，故填a。
23．feeding　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作状语，动词feed与句子主语Researchers之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。
24．but　考查固定搭配。not just ...but ...意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。
25．volunteers　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，volunteer 为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填volunteers。
26．exactly　考查副词。空处作状语修饰动词record，应用副词形式。故填exactly意为“准确地”。
27．to draw　考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.意为“使用某物去做某事”，为固定用法。
28．that　考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应用关系代词；先行词objects指物，且其前有the very修饰，所以空处只能用that引导从句。
29．in　考查介词。此处表示“在废墟中”，需要用介词in，表示地点，意为“在……内部”。
(四)主题微写作
参考范文：
An Impressive Lecture on Heritage
Yesterday, we watched an impressive lecture on heritage online given by a UNESCO official.
He began by emphasizing the significance of the heritage sites.Then he highlighted the dangers that heritage sites face and analysed the reasons using some specific examples.
The lecture makes us realize the importance of heritage sites, and we should treat them with respect because they are our legacy.It also raises awareness that every one of us should shoulder the responsibility of protecting and preserving them by taking immediate action and participating in any way one can.
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