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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 综合练习
一、词汇记忆
（一）单词的英译汉
1．wonder __________
2．desert __________
3．measurement __________
4．below __________
5．level __________
6．surface __________
7．depth __________
8．dive __________
9．unusual __________
10．bottom __________
11．waterfall ____________
12．travel ____________
13．carry ____________
14．earth ____________
15．favorite ____________
16．history ____________
17．ancient ____________
18．civilization ____________
19．protect ____________
20．development ____________
21．ocean _____________
22．cubic _____________
24．mile _____________
25．total _____________
26．area _____________
27．amazing _____________
28．magical _____________
29．appear _____________
30．pool _____________
36．distance n. _____________
37．cliff n. _____________
38．determined adj. _____________
39．teammate n. _____________
40．ladder n. _____________
（二）短语互译
41．在尺寸上 ________
42．在世界上 ________
43．在海洋里 ________
44．海平面以下 _________
45．海拔 _________
46．深海动物 ________
47．平方公里 _________
48．立方米 ________
49．潜入 ________
50．非凡的能力 ________
51．… 的底部 ________
52．在… 顶部 ________
53．by the way ________
54．古代文明 _________
55．不惜任何代价 ________
56．as well as ________
57．pour down ________
58．总面积 ________
59．靠近 ________
60．地球的特征 ________
61．占据 __________
62．感觉像 __________
63．做研究 __________
64．第一次 __________
65．终究、毕竟 __________
66．自然奇观 __________
67．一点一点地、逐渐地 __________
68．北边 __________
69．到达顶部 __________
70．… 的高度 __________
71．能够 __________
72．处理 __________
73．可变化的天气 __________
74．be determined to __________
75．到达 /
76．允许某人做 / 不做某事 __________
77．把某人拉上去 __________
78．中国国旗 __________
79．测量山的高度 __________
80．冒生命危险 __________
二、句子翻译
1．The Victoria Falls is famous for its amazing beauty. ______________________________________
2．I want to know what the deep sea is like.__________________________________________________
3．The Yangtze River not only travels the farthest in China, but also is one of the most important rivers in China.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4．Here, you can swim or dive in the clear water and see corals, plants and colourful fish.
____________________________________________________________________________________
5．登山者还需应对稀薄空气、高耸悬崖及多变天气等挑战。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6．人类的好奇心和雄心是无法阻挡的。(...cannot be stopped.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
7．爬珠峰很危险。(It’s +adj. to do sth.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
8．这座山高得连鸟儿都飞不过去。(so...that...如此……以至于……)
___________________________________________________________________________________
语法复习
（一）大数字表达法
三位数及以内：百位与十位间用 and 连接（英式），美式可省略十位和个位之间加“-”。
5,895 → five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five
四位数及以上：从右向左每三位为一组，依次为 thousand（千）、million（百万）、billion（十亿）。
9,000,000 → nine million 11,000 → eleven thousand 6,300 → six thousand, three hundred
读法注意：每组数字按三位数读法，后接单位；单位 thousand/million/billion 不用复数。
练一练：写出下列数字的表达
2,850 7,129
9,600.50 15,308
（二）比较级和最高级的构成
1.构成规则
比较级构成规则 最高级构成规则 例词
①一般词尾直接+ ①一般词尾直接+ long → → deep → →
②以不发音的“e”结尾，词尾+ ②以不发音的“e”结尾，词尾+ large → → wide → →
③“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i+ ③“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i+ dry → → heavy → →
④重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ ④重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ hot → → big → →
⑤部分双/多音节词，原级前+ ⑤部分双/多音节词，原级前+ carefully→ → important→ →
2.不规则变化
good / well→ → bad/badly→ →
many/ much→ → little→ →
far→ / → /
3.比较级的用法
①A + 谓语 + as + 原级 + as + B. （A 和 B 一样…… ）
The lake is the river. 这个湖泊和这条河流一样清澈。
②Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更……？”
Which city is _________, Beijing or Shanghai 北京和上海，哪个城市更大？
③形容词或副词的比较级+than
The Yangtze River is a little than the Yellow River.长江比黄河长一点。
A + 谓语动词 + the + 比较级 + of the two.表示“两者中较……的那个”。
The Sahara is the of the two deserts.这两座沙漠中，撒哈拉沙漠是更大的那一座。
④“the +比较级...，the+比较级..”表示“越……,就越……”。
The more you read, _______________________ you know.你阅读得越多,知道的就越多。
⑤“比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”表示“越来越……”。
Summer is coming. It's getting _____________________________________.夏天就要来了。天越来越热了。
⑥主语 + 谓语动词 + 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 + 范围.
=主语 + 谓语动词 + 比较级 + than the other + 复数名词 + 范围.
The Yangtze is any other river in China.长江比中国其他任何河流都长。
4.最高级的用法
① (the+)最高级(+名词)+in/of 短语， 意为“……中最……的”。
________________________________________________我认为春天是一年中最好的时节。
________________________________________________在三班汤姆学习最努力。。
②one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of 短语，意为“…中最…的…之一”。
___________________________________________________ 杭州是世界上最美的城市之一。
③the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……”
______________________________________________________________________________
_______________众所周知,黄河是中国第二长河。
④“Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A,B or C ” 意为“哪个/谁是最......,A,B还是C？”。
______________________________________________________________________________ 你们班谁唱得最好，莉莉，汤姆还是杰克。
词形转换
1．climber n. 攀登者；登山者→________ v. 攀登
2．northern adj. 北部的；向北的→________ n. 北方
3．distance n. 距离；遥远→________ adj. 遥远的
4．changeable adj. →________ v.
5．death n. 死亡；毁灭；破灭→________ adj. 死的→ ________ v. 死亡→________ adj. 奄奄一息的
6．determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的→________ v. 决定
7．successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地→________ n. →________adj. →________ v.
8．curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲→________ adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的
9．explorer n. 探险者；勘探者→________ v. 探索
10．simply adv. 仅仅；只；简单地→________ adj. 简单的
11．risky adj. 有危险（或风险）的→________ n.
12．southern adj. 南部的；向南的→________ n. 南方
13．located adj. 位于；坐落在→________ v. 坐落在；位于→________ n. 位置
14．type n. 类型；种类→________ adj. 典型的
15．attract v. 吸引；招引→________ adj. 有吸引力的
16．traveller（= traveler）n. 旅行者；游客→________ v. 旅行
17．natural adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的→________ n. 自然
18．northeastern adj. 东北的；东北方向的→ ________n. 东北
19．include v. 包含；包括→________ prep. 包括
五、阅读理解
The largest ocean—the Pacific Ocean
Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean, and from Asia and Australia in the west to the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth-the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans.
The highest waterfall—Angel Falls
Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height.
◎ —the Amazon River
Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river stretches 6,400 kilometers in length, making it the longest river system that has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world-more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth”.
1．What is special about sea animals and plants in the Pacific Ocean
A．They are large and blind. B．They are mostly dangerous to humans.
C．They are only found near the Mariana Trench. D．Many of them cannot be found in other oceans.
2．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls
A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground.
3．Which of the following statements is true
A．The Pacific Ocean covers less than 165 million square kilometers.
B．Angel Falls is 979 meters high and about 19 times as high as the Mariana Trench.
C．The Amazon River runs through nine countries in South America, including Brazil and Peru.
D．The Amazon’s basin is the world’s largest temperate rainforest.
4．How does the author show that the Amazon River System carries the most water
A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By using personification. D．By telling stories.
5．Which of the following can be put in ◎
A．The widest river system B．The largest river system C．The deepest river D．The longest river system
The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second-longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest.
However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years.
Why is the Amazon “sick”
The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire.
Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about 17% of the rainforest disappear.
What will happen if we lose the “lungs of the Earth”
The Amazon is like the lungs of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO ) out of the air and make oxygen (O ). They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO , and our Earth will become even hotter.
The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.
6．What does the green colour on the national flag of Brazil stand for
A．The river. B．The rainforest. C．The land. D．The sky.
7．The underlined word “droughts” in the passage probably means ________.
A．Too little rain. B．Serious floods. C．Strong winds. D．Heavy snow.
8．Which activity is NOT mentioned as a reason why the Amazon is “sick”
A．People cut down trees for wood. B．People burn the forest to make farmland.
C．People visit the rainforest too often. D．Trees don’t have enough water to grow.
8．What can we infer (推断) about the future of the Amazon if we don’t protect it
A．It will become even healthier. B．It may turn into a hot, dry grassland.
C．It will produce more oxygen. D．It will attract more animals.
9．What is the correct structure of the whole passage
(①=Para.1, ②=Para.2, ③=Para.3, ④=Para.4, ⑤=Para.5, ⑥=Para.6)
A．① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ B．①② / ③ / ④⑤⑥ C．① / ②③④ / ⑤⑥ D．①②③ / ④ / ⑤⑥
阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 10 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 metres high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas.
However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). 11 Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there.
Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years. 12 However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 13 Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.
A．The sport first became popular in England. B．Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. C．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. D．So mountain tourism is developing very slowly. E．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains.
六、任务型阅读
Are you a nature lover Then you must visit Zhangye Geopark (地质公园) in China! It’s recognized by UNESCO as one of the best geoparks in the world. Here, you can enjoy the beauty of the rainbow hills. They are low hills that look like waves and have many different colours, just like a rainbow! There is little grass growing on the land. When you see the hills from above, it’s like you’re looking at rainbows painted on the ground.
You may wonder how these colourful hills came to be. Millions of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers brought in sand and stones with different kinds of metal elements. These were left in layers (层) on the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some yellow, and others turned purple or blue. Later, as the climate became colder and drier, the lake dried up. Then, something amazing happened!
The underground land began to rise up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today.
June to September is the most wonderful time to visit. The mornings and evenings are cooler than the hot days, giving you the perfect weather to enjoy the sunrises and sunsets. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even brighter and more beautiful.
1．What can you enjoy in Zhangye Geopark
2．What colours were the layers
3．Why did the lake finally dry up
4．When is the most wonderful time to visit the park
5．What do you think of Zhangye Geopark If you had a chance to visit Zhangye Geopark, what would you most want to do there
七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。
we river important side face activity be good person five
The Yellow River, also known as Huang He, is the second longest river in China and the 1 longest river in the world. It is also one of the most important 2 in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its color is different from that of other rivers. The color is affected by the abundance of sediment (沉淀物) it carries.
The Yellow River is of great 3 to the Chinese nation. It is the place where the Chinese nation 4 born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture (农业) for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the growth of the Chinese nation.
However, everything has two 5 . The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order to control the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river.
Unluckily, the Yellow River is 6 great challenges today, including pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly (主要) caused by human 7 . For example, some of 8 like to use one-off plastic bags (一次性塑料袋) and drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs.
Taking care of the Yellow River is every 9 duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 10 . We can also make sure that it continues to be an important symbol of Chinese culture and history.
八、书面表达
1．Part 1（描述一条你最喜欢的河流及其重要性）
写一段话（至少5句）。你最喜欢哪条河流？它在哪里？有多长？为什么它重要？
使用以下表达：My favourite river is, it is located in, it is about, it is important because, I think we should protect it because
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．Part 2（给朋友写一段话，介绍黄河为什么被称为“母亲河”）
写一段话（至少5句）。你想告诉朋友黄河在中国文化中的重要性。
使用以下表达：Hey, do you know why the Yellow River is called the “mother river” because, it helped, it is, we should, I hope you can visit
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Part 3（为什么保护河流很重要？）
写一段话（至少5句）。解释河流对农业、历史、生态的重要性，以及污染的影响。
使用以下表达：Protecting rivers is important because, they provide, they also help, if rivers are polluted, we should stop, everyone can help by
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
（一）英译汉
1．奇观；想知道
2．沙漠；抛弃
3．测量；尺寸
4．在…… 下面
5．水平；标准；平坦的
6．表面；表层
7．深度
8．潜水；俯冲
9．不寻常的；罕见的
10．底部；底端
11．瀑布
12．旅行；游历
13．搬；扛；携带
14．地球；大地；泥土
15．最喜欢的（人 / 物）
16．历史
17．古代的；古老的
18．文明
19．保护
20．发展
21．海洋
22．立方的
24．英里
25．总的；总共
26．面积；区域
27．令人惊奇的
28．神奇的；有魔力的
29．出现；显得
30．水池；池塘
36．距离
37．悬崖；峭壁
38．坚定的；有决心的
39．队友
40．梯子
（二）短语互译
41．in size
42．in the world
43．in the ocean
44．below sea level
45．above sea level
46．deep-sea animals
47．square kilometer
48．cubic meter
49．dive into
50．unusual abilities
51．the bottom of
52．at the top of
53．顺便说一下
54．ancient civilization
55．at any cost
56．也；和…… 一样
57．倾泻；流下
58．total area
59．close to
60．features of the earth
61．take up
62．feel like
63．do research
64．for the first time
65．after all
66．natural wonders
67．bit by bit
68．to the north
69．reach the top
70．the height of
71．be able to
72．deal with /do with
73．changeable weather
74．下定决心做……
75．arrive in/at；get to；reach
76．allow sb. to do sth. /allow sb. not to do sth.
77．pull sb. up
78．Chinese national flag
79．measure the height of the mountain
80．risk one's life
二、句子翻译
维多利亚瀑布以其惊人的美景而闻名。
我想知道深海是什么样子的。
长江不仅是中国流程最长的河流，也是中国最重要的河流之一。
在这里，你可以在清澈的水中游泳或潜水，观赏珊瑚、植物和五颜六色的鱼。
Climbers must also deal with challenges such as thin air, high cliffs and changeable weather.
Human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
It's dangerous to climb Mount Qomolangma.
The mountain is so high that even birds can't fly over it.
三、语法复习
（一）大数字表达
two thousand eight hundred and fifty
seven thousand one hundred and twenty-nine
nine thousand six hundred point five zero
fifteen thousand three hundred and eight
（二）比较级和最高级
1. 规则变化
① -er；-est；longer；longest；deeper；deepest
② -r；-st；larger；largest；wider；widest
③ -er；-est；drier；driest；heavier；heaviest
④ -er；-est；hotter；hottest；bigger；biggest
⑤ more；most；more carefully；most carefully；more important；most important
2. 不规则变化
better；best；worse；worst
more；most；less；least
farther / further；farthest / furthest
3. 比较级用法
① as clear as ② bigger ③ longer ④ bigger ⑤ the more ⑥ hotter and hotter ⑦ longer than
4. 最高级用法
① I think spring is the best season of the year.
Tom works hardest in Class Three.
② Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
③ As we all know, the Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
④ Who sings best in your class, Lily, Tom or Jack
四、词形转换
climb
north
distant
change
dead；die；dying
determine
success；successful；succeed
curious
explore
simple
risk
south
locate；location
typical
attractive
travel
nature
northeast
including
五、阅读理解
1-5 DBCAD 6-10 BACBC 11-14CBAE
六、任务型阅读
We can enjoy the beauty of the rainbow hills.
They were red, yellow, purple and blue.
Because the climate became colder and drier.
June to September.
I think it's beautiful and amazing. If I have a chance, I want to enjoy the sunrise and sunset there.
七、选词填空
fifth
rivers
importance
was
sides
facing
activities
us
person's
better
八、书面表达
1. My favourite river
My favourite river is the Yangtze River. It is located in China. It is about 6,300 kilometers long. It is important because it provides water for drinking and farming. I think we should protect it because it is very important to our life and environment.
2. The Yellow River—the Mother River
Hey, do you know why the Yellow River is called the “mother river” Because it is the birthplace of Chinese civilization. It helped ancient people grow crops and live. It is very important in Chinese history. We should protect it and keep it clean. I hope you can visit it and enjoy its beautiful scenery.
3. Protecting rivers
Protecting rivers is important because they provide clean water for people. They provide water for farming and animals. They also help develop history and culture. If rivers are polluted, fish will die and people will get sick. We should stop throwing rubbish into rivers. Everyone can help by saving water and cleaning up the banks.

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