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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025-2026学年第二学期八年级英语期中专练08 首字母填空
主题01 人与社会——中华文化
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安市金湖县·期中）
根据短文内容及所给单词，用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。
“Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” o 1 recently
Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poems Li Bai and Du Fu “back to l 2 ”. These videos have become popular, showing these ancient icons (代表人物) speaking in modern language.
In one video, Du Fu talks about his e 3 during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical (医药的) expert LiShizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles (生活方式), like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still s 4 up late.
“The videos make me want to learn m 5 about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories before.” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong.
The new trend (趋势) isn’t for everyone, h 6 . The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys (惹恼) some people. “They’re too pushy (压迫感的), which is different from how they r 7 were,” explained 14-year old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu.
Xia Boen,14, from Hubei, felt the s 8 . But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost e 9 they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos.
These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “we should be c 10 with these videos, making sure they are not sharing fake (假的) information,” noted Nanfang Daily .
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹阳市·期中）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
China has a long and rich history with a great civilization (文明). In r 1 years, more and more people have known the importance of reading Chinese classics. Among them, The Book of Songs (《诗经》) and Historical Records (《史记》) are two of the most important w 2 . Let us read these two books together.
The Book of Songs is the b 3 of ancient Chinese poetry and also the earliest collection of poetry in China. When I read this book, I feel like I’m having a t 4 with people from thousands of years ago. It’s just like stepping into their time.
One of the poems is called Homecoming After the War (《采薇》). It m 5 talks about how soldiers (士兵) had to leave their homes to fight for many years. Even though they missed their homeland very much, they couldn’t r 6 because of the war.
Historical Records, or Shiji, is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. It r 7 the events from the famous Yellow Emperor to the first years of the Han Wudi.
In this book, I can see how Sima Qian made the c 8 that the story come alive with his words. Do you know the story of Da Yu Da Yu, the hero, tried so hard that he finally managed to control the flood. During the p 9 of 13 years, he went past his own home three times without stopping by to visit his wife and children. He threw himself into the world of fighting a 10 the flood. He succeeded at last.
主题02 人与社会——文学名著
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区邵樊片·期中）
The March Hare, the Hatter and the Mouse had a t 1 party in the garden. At the beginning, they didn’t want Alice to j 2 them. They shouted, “No room! No room!” Alice said, “There’s lots of room and e 3 places.” Then the Hatter asked Alice a question. Alice a 4 it politely, but the Hatter didn’t know the answer. The Dormouse told a s 5 . Alice left the tea party and saw a tree w 6 a small door. She o 7 the door and went in. She was in the room with the glass table again! And the little golden k 8 to the garden was still on it. She used the key to unlock the door and ate a piece of mushroom to make h 9 smaller. F 10 , she was the size to get into the garden.
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市京口区·期中）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Reading classical books can help us better understand the world. For us, it’s never too late to read them. Among many foreign classics, President Xi Jinping likes The Old Man and the Sea. It’s also many teenagers’ f 1 .
“A man can be destroyed but never defeated (打败),” US writer Ernest Hemingway o 2 said. And this line is the slogan for his novel The Old Man and the Sea.
The book is about an old f 3 in Cuba named Santiago. He catches a h 4 fish after 84 days of nothing. The fish pulls his boat on the sea for two days and nights. Then, suddenly, the old man meets a shark. They fight to the death, but the big fish is still eaten by the shark. The old man r 5 home with only the bones of the fish.
What impresses (使……印象深刻) me most is how Santiago fights a 6 the shark. When fighting, the old man has many heartfelt conversations with himself. They show how he encourages himself to rise above difficulties.
Although Santiago can’t protect the fish at last, I think he tries his best to protect his pride (自尊). Faced with a long period of failure and being alone, he does not choose to give up, but to b 7 in himself and challenge the sea.
The story shows us that even if there is not a great s 8 , our hard work is still important. Santiago’s spirit of never giving up, his love for life, and his excitement for new adventures give us hope. Like Santiago, we all f 9 difficulties in life. If we stay brave and h 10 , we can find our meaning in life. I will remember the old man’s spirit as I go for my dream.
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏南京市鼓楼区·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
The Art of War (Sunzi Bingfa) is a military (军事的) book written by the Chinese thinker Sunzi, whose real name is Sun Wu. The book is the e 1 known one on war and military science. It has 13 parts. Each part talks about different skills or strategies (策略), famous in China a 2 Bingfa.
It is hard to know exactly w 3 The Art of War was written, but many people think it came from the Spring and Autumn Period. People also don’t know many details about Sunzi’s life, but they believe he worked as a general for the State of Wu. It is clear that Sunzi had a lot of k 4 about war and strategy.
The Art of War says people should a 5 war if possible. But if there has to be a war, people should fight wisely and try to reduce harm. For example, attack enemies (攻击敌人) when they are not r 6 and appear from places where they don’t expect (预料). By surprising them, we can win quickly with little effort—sometimes even b 7 a real fight begins. This idea is known in Chinese as“出其不意，攻其不备”.
The Art of War also discusses how i 8 it is to prepare for war. A wise leader waits for the right time, uses the land in smart ways, and makes sure the people stand t 9 as one. Sunzi also reminds us if the situation changes, we must be ready to change our military p 10 too, so we can stay one step ahead.
The Art of War has been very popular since it first came out, influencing leaders all over the world.
主题03 人与社会——国家与民族
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏盐城市东台市第一教育联盟期中）
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an i 1 country. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. London, the capital city, is big and m 2 . Like China, the UK has a long history. Kings and queens were o 3 its rulers.
There are may palaces and castles in this old E 4 country. Buckingham Palace is the most famous one. It has been the home of kings and queens f 5 a long time. The UK has always b 6 famous for its museums. Among them is British Museum. You can learn a lot about the w 7 culture there. The UK also has many places of natural b 8 , such as the Lake District.
The best time to visit the UK is from May to September because its winter is wet and cold. The weather c 9 often there, so prepare for it before going there. M 10 , remember that people use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.
主题01 人与社会——中华文化
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市邗江区梅苑双语学校·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
A tale of light and shadow
Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) ,or shadow play, is probably one of the most ancient arts using light and shadow.
Shadow puppetry can be found all over China, especially in the c 1 . Generally, it is a mix of many art forms, i 2 painting, music, opera performance and story-telling.
More than 2,000 years ago, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very sad about the death of his favourite concubine (妃子) . One day, a minister (大臣) happened to see children playing with dolls, whose shadows were lively on the floor. Then he had an idea—he m 3 a puppet (木偶) of the concubine. As night fell, he i 4 the emperor to watch a puppet show. This story is believed to be the b 5 of shadow puppetry.
Shadow puppetry was widely performed in the Tang Dynasty, and was introduced into West Asian and European c 6 during the Yuan Dynasty. The art form met its heyday (全盛期) in the Qing Dynasty, when the puppetry was performed in a 7 every province.
H 8 , making puppets is not an easy job. They are mostly made of the leather of animals, such as sheep. That’s why their Chinese name is piying, which means shadows of leather. The body parts of the puppets are cut separately and then joined together. During the performances, puppeteers hold the puppets w 9 sticks connected to their most important joints, so that the puppets could be shown as “moving images” on the screens. They could be so lively that Chinese shadow puppetry is also k 10 as the “forefather of films”.
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区第三中学·期中）
The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 1 in Chinese culture.
The chrysanthemum is f 2 as one of the “Four Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the blossom, the orchid, and the bamboo. In the past, they stood for noble (高尚的) qualities.
The chrysanthemum comes out in b 3 colors during cold autumn days when most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired ancient Chinese poets. They spoke highly of its beauty and also used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) t 4 in their works.
Tao Yuanming was a famous poet. He once wrote a poem about l 5 as a hermit (隐士). He described how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his spirit in the poem.
“I p 6 chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山).” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the symbol of the hermit. But chrysanthemums are not only found in Chinese poems. They are also p 7 of Chinese food.
The Chongyang Festival f 8 on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. On that day, drinking wine made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It t 9 great. People believe it is good for one’s health.
In a w 10 , the chrysanthemum has influenced people’s life deeply and widely.
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港赣榆区·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Ne Zha 2 became popular during the Spring Festival, breaking box-office records (票房记录) in China and even around the world. It is really a big s 1 as not just about money—but Chinese animation industry (动画产业) has become w 2 .
Ne Zha, once just a character from old tales. He, like most p 3 school students, is naughty and happy every day. But after his mother died, he r 4 how much his mother loved him. This really t 5 him. He decided to change. He said “I decide my own fate” and took a 6 to fight for himself.
A reporter (报道者) from Sina Weibo i 7 Jiaozi, he said: “We hope people can have a f 8 time watching the film. So over 4,000 people worked on it to make 1,900 special scenes (场景). So it is also known for its special effects (特效).”
Ne Zha has become a hero. E 9 those who don’t believe in themselves, most people feel inspired (激励) by his story. Also, his story makes people think nothing is i 10 if we never give up.
主题02 人与社会——文学名著
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市邗江区维扬中学·期中）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下面空格处填写所缺单词，使短文完整。（每空一词）
We sailed north along the coast. Soon, we changed d 1 and went east. All we could see was water. At first the w 2 was good-it was sunny and hot. Then one morning it changed suddenly. A strong wind began to blow and the sky was f 3 with big black clouds.
The wind got stronger and the sea got rougher. Our brave captain tried to keep the ship on its way, but he c 4 .
“We’re all going to die,” I thought because we were in a terrible s 5 .
When the weather finally started to get b 6 the captain and I tried to find our p 7 on a map.
“The storm took us north,” he said. “I think we must be near here.” He pointed to the mouth of the river Orinoco.
“The ship is full of holes, ‘he went on.’ We need to r 8 them. We must go back to Brazil.”
“No.” I said. “We aren’t far from the island of Barbados. We must go there. They speak English and we can find people to help us repair the ship. So we sailed north-east into the Caribbean Sea.”
We were making good progress when there was a 9 storm. Once again the strong wind blew our ship off its course. “The future doesn’t look very good for us!” I thought unhappily. The storm c 10 for several days. Luckily nobody fell into the sea.
—Taken from The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏仪征市·期中）
My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big r 1 called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft.
I didn’t have a family or a home. My mother d 2 a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 3 . I lived on the streets and in the woods.
It all started when Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 4 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank.
Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and then my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m 7 going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt free there and I was happy. I f 9 and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars.
The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap!
—Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港市东海县·期中）
根据首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或单词的正确形式。
Gulliver’s ship crashed against the rocks. He tried his best to swim to the b 1 . By the time he f 2 the land under his feet, he was t 3 out. He fell down on the sand and went to sleep.
He woke up as the sun was r 4 , but he could not move. He was tied to the ground. Then something moved on his leg, up to his stomach and neck u 5 it was standing near his face. It was a tiny man, as tiny as his little finger. Soon more small men climbed up. Gulliver shouted at them. The loud n 6 made them all fall over. But they didn’t run away. I 7 , they got up again and continued moving across his body.
One of the small men began talking. H 8 , Gulliver couldn’t understand him. He didn’t know what to say e 9 . He tried to pull one hand free and f 10 managed to break the ropes.
主题03 人与社会——发明创造
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏南京市鼓楼区·期中）
If you like travelling but you’re feeling lazy, visit the Odyssey. On this website, you can f 1 a group of students who are travelling across West Africa. Every day you can read w 2 they’ve done, see pictures of where they are, and (if you like) send messages to them.
Perhaps you’re planning to visit a foreign country yourself, and need some h 3 with the language. A site called Foreign Languages for Travelers is an o 4 phrasebook (手册). You can choose among thirty-five l 5 and twenty topics, and you can see the phrases on your s 6 and hear them at the same time.
Maybe you just want to stay at home and watch TV. If so, you can use a site named Diguide to find what’s on. It lists all the programmes on 80 channels. Just type in the name of the programme and it will t 7 you what channel it’s on and at what time.
There are also many websites linked to video cameras in different places a 8 the world. One website, c 9 V Care, is linked to a model car in San Diego, California. You can sit at your computer and drive the car yourself, using the controls on your k 10 and watching the car on your screen.
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏南通市通州区·期中）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
In China, many young people are doing amazing things. There is Jiao Zi, the director of Ne Zha 2. He b 1 traditional stories to life with creativity. Liang Wenfeng founded DeepSeek. Wang Xingxing developed the robots used in the dance Yang BOT. The three young men’s s 2 are like a beautiful painting with lots of colours. They bring new energy and changes to their fields.
Recently, a Chinese tech company DeepSeek has surprised the world. This smart program can solve math p 3 , write code, and even talk like people. Unlike other AIs, it was trained with very little money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by practicing again and again. The more it tries, the b 4 it becomes. A teacher in Thailand said, “It helps students learn more e 5 than before”. The AI is free for schools and small businesses. “Now villagers w 6 Internet can still use it offline (离线)”, said an engineer. The team is working hard to i 7 it. “We hope AI can connect people around the world like bridges”.
These young people are very confident and they know w 8 they want to do. They have big dreams and never give up. As China c 9 to grow much stronger, more young people will follow their lead. Dear friends, every step you take is i 10 , so if you have dreams, just believe in yourself, work hard and keep trying.
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏南通市如皋市·期中）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Do you still remember the robots in the Yangge dance show at the Spring Festival Gala They were made by Unitree, a robotics company in Hangzhou. The company has now i 1 their design and made a new human-like robot called the G1 Bionic robot.
In the p 2 , human-like robots had a hard time walking on rough (不平的) ground. When people walk, we put out one leg, lean (倾斜) forward a bit, and quickly m 3 the other leg forward. But when a two-legged robot does this on rough ground, it can easily f 4 over.
H 5 , the G1 Bionic robot solves this problem with some high-tech tools. Its sensors (传感器) and special cameras are like strong eyes. The sensors m 6 to help it see all around it in 360 degrees. And the cameras tell it how far away things are. A 7 , the robot has motors (马达) on its joints (关节). The motors change how hard it pushes its legs so that the robot can walk well.
Besides, the robot has built-in AI. Its makers took videos of how humans walk on different t 8 of ground. The AI has learned from these videos so that it can control the robot to move in the s 9 way. In a video from Unitree, the robot walks and runs across train tracks and over rocks. It even goes up and down hills. The robot can move at the s 10 of up to 7.2 kilometers per hour. That’s faster than most people can walk. Good job, G1!
答案与解析
主题01 人与社会——中华文化
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安市金湖县·期中）
根据短文内容及所给单词，用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。
“Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” o 1 recently
Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poems Li Bai and Du Fu “back to l 2 ”. These videos have become popular, showing these ancient icons (代表人物) speaking in modern language.
In one video, Du Fu talks about his e 3 during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical (医药的) expert LiShizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles (生活方式), like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still s 4 up late.
“The videos make me want to learn m 5 about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories before.” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong.
The new trend (趋势) isn’t for everyone, h 6 . The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys (惹恼) some people. “They’re too pushy (压迫感的), which is different from how they r 7 were,” explained 14-year old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu.
Xia Boen,14, from Hubei, felt the s 8 . But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost e 9 they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos.
These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “we should be c 10 with these videos, making sure they are not sharing fake (假的) information,” noted Nanfang Daily .
【答案】
1．(o)nline 2．(l)ife 3．(e)xperience/(e)xperiences 4．(s)taying 5．(m)ore 6．(h)owever 7．(r)eally 8．(s)ame 9．(e)verything 10．(c)areful
【导语】本文主要讲述了创意视频博主利用AI技术让历史名人“复活”，这些视频受到一些人的欢迎，但也有人对此表示不满，同时《南方日报》提醒人们应该谨慎对待这些视频，确保它们不传播虚假信息。
1．句意：你最近有没有发现自己一直在听“古人”的在线讲述？根据“Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poems Li Bai and Du Fu ‘back to...’”可知，此处指在线听古人讲述，online“在线的”，形容词作后置定语修饰名词“people”。故填(o)nline。
2．句意：创意视频博主正在利用人工智能技术让李白和杜甫等唐朝诗人等历史名人“复活”。根据“bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poems Li Bai and Du Fu ‘back to...’”可知，此处指让历史名人“复活”，即回到生活中，life“生活”，名词，back to life“复活，回到生活中”。故填(l)ife。
3．句意：在其中一段视频中，杜甫讲述了他在安史之乱（755-763年）期间的经历。根据“In one video, Du Fu talks about his...during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763).”及首字母提示可知，此处指讲述经历，experience“经历”，可数名词，此处可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。故填(e)xperience/(e)xperiences。
4．句意：在另一段视频中，明代医学专家李时珍调侃现代人的生活方式，比如想通过喝枸杞水来保持健康，但仍然熬夜。根据“trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still...up late.”及首字母提示可知，此处指熬夜，stay up late“熬夜”，固定短语；根据空前的“but still”可知，此处用现在分词形式，与“trying”并列。故填(s)taying。
5．句意：这些视频让我想更多地了解古代名人。根据“I didn’t know much about their stories before.”可知，此处指更多地了解，learn more about“更多地了解”。故填(m)ore。
6．句意：然而，这种新趋势并不适合所有人。根据“The new trend (趋势) isn’t for everyone,...The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys (惹恼) some people.”可知，前后句是转折关系，however“然而”，副词，表转折。故填(h)owever。
7．句意：他们太咄咄逼人了，这与他们真实的样子不同。根据“They’re too pushy (压迫感的), which is different from how they...were”及首字母提示可知，此处指真实的他们，really“真正地”，副词，修饰动词“were”。故填(r)eally。
8．句意：14岁的湖北人夏博恩也有同样的感受。根据“But he was surprised to find that he ‘remembered almost...they said about their experiences and achievements’ thanks to the speaking style in the videos.”可知，此处指有同样的感受，the same“同样的”。故填(s)ame。
9．句意：但他惊讶地发现，由于视频中的说话风格，他“几乎记住了他们所说的关于他们的经历和成就的一切”。根据“he ‘remembered almost...they said about their experiences and achievements’”及首字母提示可知，此处指记住了一切，everything“一切”，复合不定代词。故填(e)verything。
10．句意：然而，《南方日报》指出:“我们应该谨慎对待这些视频，确保它们不传播虚假信息。”根据“making sure they are not sharing fake (假的) information”及首字母提示可知，此处指谨慎对待这些视频，be careful with“谨慎对待”，固定短语。故填(c)areful。
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹阳市·期中）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
China has a long and rich history with a great civilization (文明). In r 1 years, more and more people have known the importance of reading Chinese classics. Among them, The Book of Songs (《诗经》) and Historical Records (《史记》) are two of the most important w 2 . Let us read these two books together.
The Book of Songs is the b 3 of ancient Chinese poetry and also the earliest collection of poetry in China. When I read this book, I feel like I’m having a t 4 with people from thousands of years ago. It’s just like stepping into their time.
One of the poems is called Homecoming After the War (《采薇》). It m 5 talks about how soldiers (士兵) had to leave their homes to fight for many years. Even though they missed their homeland very much, they couldn’t r 6 because of the war.
Historical Records, or Shiji, is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. It r 7 the events from the famous Yellow Emperor to the first years of the Han Wudi.
In this book, I can see how Sima Qian made the c 8 that the story come alive with his words. Do you know the story of Da Yu Da Yu, the hero, tried so hard that he finally managed to control the flood. During the p 9 of 13 years, he went past his own home three times without stopping by to visit his wife and children. He threw himself into the world of fighting a 10 the flood. He succeeded at last.
【答案】
1．(r)ecent 2．(w)orks 3．(b)eginning 4．(t)alk 5．(m)ainly 6．(r)eturn 7．(r)ecords 8．(c)haracters 9．(p)eriod 10．(a)gainst
【导语】本文介绍了《诗经》和《史记》两部中国经典著作的重要性。《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集，通过《采薇》等篇章反映了古代士兵的思乡之情；《史记》是中国第一部纪传体通史，司马迁以生动的笔触记录历史人物与事件，如大禹治水的故事，展现其忘我奉献的精神。文章强调阅读经典对理解中华文明的意义。
1．句意：近年来，越来越多人认识到阅读中国经典的重要性。根据“In...years”和首字母可知，此处需填入形容词，表示“最近的”。in recent years“近年来”符合，故填(r)ecent。
2．句意：在它们之间，《诗经》和《史记》是其中最重要的两部作品。根据“two of the most important...”和首字母可知，此处需填写名词，表示“作品”。works“著作”，与“two books”呼应，故填(w)orks。
3．句意：《诗经》是中国古代诗歌的起源，也是中国最早的诗歌集。根据“The Book of Songs is the...of ancient Chinese poetry and also the earliest collection of poetry in China.”和首字母可知，此处需填入名词，表示“《诗经》是中国古代诗歌的起源”。名词beginning“开始”强调《诗经》的开创性地位，符合语境，故填(b)eginning。
4．句意： 当我读这本书的时候，我觉得我在和几千年前的人对话。根据“having a...with people from thousands of years ago.”可知，此处需填入可数名词，表示“与古人对话”。talk“谈话”符合语境，故填(t)alk。
5．句意：它主要讲述了士兵们如何不得不离开家园去战斗多年。根据“It...talks about how soldiers (士兵) had to leave their homes to fight for many years.”可知，此处需填入副词，修饰动词；结合首字母，此处表示“主要地”。mainly“主要地”，用来说明诗歌的核心内容，故填(m)ainly。
6．句意：尽管他们非常想念自己的家乡，但由于战争，他们不能回家。根据“Even though they missed their homeland very much, they couldn’t...because of the war.”可知，情态动词后需填入动词原形；结合首字母，这句话表示“尽管很想家，却因为战争不能返回家乡”。动词return“返回”符合语境，故填(r)eturn。
7．句意：它记录了从著名的黄帝到汉武帝元年的事件。根据“It...the events from the famous Yellow Emperor to the first years of the Han Wudi.”可知，此处需用动词，表示“《史记》的记录内容”，record“记录”符合史书功能，结合句意可知，这句话在描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，此处用动词三单，故填(r)ecords。
8．句意：在这本书里，我可以看到司马迁是如何用他的话把故事中的人物塑造得栩栩如生的。根据“made the...that the story come alive with his words.”和下文举的“大禹治水”的例子可知，此处表示“司马迁使历史人物的故事栩栩如生”。此处应用名词character“人物，角色”的复数形式，体现司马迁对历史人物的生动刻画，故填(c)haracters。
9．句意：在13年的时间里，他三次经过自己的家，没有停下来看望他的妻子和孩子。根据“During the...of 13 years”可知，此处表示“在13年的时间里”。结合首字母，此处用名词period“时期”，强调时间跨度，故填(p)eriod。
10．句意：他投身于抗击洪水的斗争中。根据“fighting...the flood”和首字母可知，此处需表示“对抗”洪水，应用介词against“对抗”，fight against“对抗……”，故填(a)gainst。
主题02 人与社会——文学名著
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区邵樊片·期中）
The March Hare, the Hatter and the Mouse had a t 1 party in the garden. At the beginning, they didn’t want Alice to j 2 them. They shouted, “No room! No room!” Alice said, “There’s lots of room and e 3 places.” Then the Hatter asked Alice a question. Alice a 4 it politely, but the Hatter didn’t know the answer. The Dormouse told a s 5 . Alice left the tea party and saw a tree w 6 a small door. She o 7 the door and went in. She was in the room with the glass table again! And the little golden k 8 to the garden was still on it. She used the key to unlock the door and ate a piece of mushroom to make h 9 smaller. F 10 , she was the size to get into the garden.
【答案】
1．(t)ea 2．(j)oin 3．(e)mpty 4．(a)nswered 5．(s)tory 6．(w)ith 7．(o)pened 8．(k)ey 9．(h)erself 10．(F)inally
【导语】本文讲述了爱丽丝在花园中参加茶话会并进入花园的经历。
1．句意：三月兔、疯帽匠和睡鼠在花园里举办了一场茶话会。根据“Alice left the tea party”可知此处说的是茶话会，“tea party”表示“茶话会”，故填(t)ea。
2．句意：一开始，他们不想让爱丽丝加入他们。根据后文“No room! No room!”以及语境可知，一开始他们不想让爱丽丝加入，“join sb.”表示“加入某人”，“want to do sth.”表示“想要做某事”，所以此处用动词原形，故填(j)oin。
3．句意：这里有很多空间和空地方。根据“There’s lots of room”可知此处说的是有很多空地方，“empty”表示“空的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“places”，故填(e)mpty。
4．句意：爱丽丝礼貌地回答了，但疯帽匠不知道答案。根据“the Hatter asked Alice a question”可知此处说的是爱丽丝回答了问题，“answer”表示“回答”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填(a)nswered。
5．句意：睡鼠讲了一个故事。根据“told a”以及语境可知此处说的是讲了一个故事，“story”表示“故事”，a后跟名词单数，故填(s)tory。
6．句意：爱丽丝离开了茶话会，看到一棵带有小门的树。根据“a tree...a small door”可知此处说的是带有小门的树，“with”表示“带有”，故填(w)ith。
7．句意：她打开门进去了。根据“went in”可知此处说的是打开门，“open”表示“打开”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填(o)pened。
8．句意：通向花园的小金钥匙还在上面。根据“the little golden...to the garden”以及后文“She used the key to unlock the door”可知此处说的是通向花园的钥匙，“key”表示“钥匙”，a后跟名词单数，故填(k)ey。
9．句意：她用钥匙打开门，吃了一块蘑菇使自己变小。根据“make...smaller”可知此处说的是使自己变小，“herself”表示“她自己”，反身代词作宾语，故填(h)erself。
10．句意：最后，她的体型可以进入花园了。根据“she was the size to get into the garden”可知此处说的是最后她的体型可以进入花园了，“finally”表示“最后”，副词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填(F)inally。
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市京口区·期中）
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Reading classical books can help us better understand the world. For us, it’s never too late to read them. Among many foreign classics, President Xi Jinping likes The Old Man and the Sea. It’s also many teenagers’ f 1 .
“A man can be destroyed but never defeated (打败),” US writer Ernest Hemingway o 2 said. And this line is the slogan for his novel The Old Man and the Sea.
The book is about an old f 3 in Cuba named Santiago. He catches a h 4 fish after 84 days of nothing. The fish pulls his boat on the sea for two days and nights. Then, suddenly, the old man meets a shark. They fight to the death, but the big fish is still eaten by the shark. The old man r 5 home with only the bones of the fish.
What impresses (使……印象深刻) me most is how Santiago fights a 6 the shark. When fighting, the old man has many heartfelt conversations with himself. They show how he encourages himself to rise above difficulties.
Although Santiago can’t protect the fish at last, I think he tries his best to protect his pride (自尊). Faced with a long period of failure and being alone, he does not choose to give up, but to b 7 in himself and challenge the sea.
The story shows us that even if there is not a great s 8 , our hard work is still important. Santiago’s spirit of never giving up, his love for life, and his excitement for new adventures give us hope. Like Santiago, we all f 9 difficulties in life. If we stay brave and h 10 , we can find our meaning in life. I will remember the old man’s spirit as I go for my dream.
【答案】
1．(f)avourite/(f)avorite 2．(o)nce 3．(f)isherman 4．(h)uge 5．(r)eturns 6．(a)gainst 7．(b)elieve 8．(s)uccess 9．(f)ace 10．(h)opeful
【导语】本文主要讲述的《老人与海》的故事内容，告诉我们面对困难时，要永不放弃。
1．句意：它也是许多青少年的最爱。空处位于名词所有格后，填名词作表语。根据“President Xi Jinping likes The Old Man and the Sea.”和首字母提示可知，《老人与海》也是青少年最喜欢的书。favourite或favorite“最喜欢的事物”，可数名词，此处指最喜欢的书，用单数。故填(f)avourite/(f)avorite。
2．句意：美国作家海明威曾说过：“一个人可以被摧毁，但永远不能被打败。”空处修饰动词“said”，填副词作状语，根据“A man can be destroyed but never defeated”和首字母提示可知，这句话是海明威曾经说过的。once“曾经”，副词。故填(o)nce。
3．句意：这本书讲的是古巴一位名叫圣地亚哥的老渔夫的故事。空处位于“an old”后，填可数名词单数作宾语。根据“in Cuba named Santiago”和首字母提示可知，《老人与海》的主人公圣地亚哥是渔夫。fisherman“渔夫”，可数名词。故填(f)isherman。
4．句意：84天一无所获后，他钓到了一条大鱼。空处修饰名词“fish”，填形容词作定语。根据“but the big fish is still eaten by the shark”和首字母提示可知，鱼很大。huge“巨大的”，形容词。故填(h)uge。
5．句意：老人只带着鱼骨回家。根据“Then, suddenly, the old man meets a shark.”可知，此句时态用一般现在时，空处位于第三人称单数主语“The old man”后，填动词三单形式作谓语。根据“home with only the bones of the fish.”和首字母提示可知，此处指带着鱼骨回家。return“返回”，动词，三单形式为returns。故填(r)eturns。
6．句意：给我印象最深的是圣地亚哥是如何与鲨鱼搏斗的。根据“fights”和“the shark”和首字母提示可知，此处指与鲨鱼搏斗。fight against“与……作斗争”。故填(a)gainst。
7．句意：面对长期的失败和孤独，他没有选择放弃，而是相信自己，挑战大海。not do sth. but to do sth.“不是做某事，而是做某事”。空处填动词原形。根据“in himself and challenge the sea”和首字母提示可知，此处指相信自己，没有放弃。believe“相信”，动词。故填(b)elieve。
8．句意：这个故事告诉我们，即使没有巨大的成功，我们的努力仍然是重要的。空处位于“a great”后，填可数名词单数作主语。根据“even if there is not a great”和首字母提示可知，即使不成功，努力也很重要。success“成功”，指具体的成功时，是可数名词。故填(s)uccess。
9．句意：像圣地亚哥一样，我们在生活中都会面对困难。描述事实用一般现在时。主语为复数的“we”，空处填动词原形作谓语。根据“difficulties in life”和首字母提示可知，此处指生活中会面临困难。face“面对”，动词。故填(f)ace。
10．句意：如果我们保持勇敢和希望，我们就能找到生活的意义。空处与形容词“brave”是并列关系，填形容词作表语。根据“we can find our meaning in life”和首字母提示可知，保持勇敢和充满希望，生活就有意义。hopeful“有希望的”，形容词。故填(h)opeful。
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏南京市鼓楼区·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
The Art of War (Sunzi Bingfa) is a military (军事的) book written by the Chinese thinker Sunzi, whose real name is Sun Wu. The book is the e 1 known one on war and military science. It has 13 parts. Each part talks about different skills or strategies (策略), famous in China a 2 Bingfa.
It is hard to know exactly w 3 The Art of War was written, but many people think it came from the Spring and Autumn Period. People also don’t know many details about Sunzi’s life, but they believe he worked as a general for the State of Wu. It is clear that Sunzi had a lot of k 4 about war and strategy.
The Art of War says people should a 5 war if possible. But if there has to be a war, people should fight wisely and try to reduce harm. For example, attack enemies (攻击敌人) when they are not r 6 and appear from places where they don’t expect (预料). By surprising them, we can win quickly with little effort—sometimes even b 7 a real fight begins. This idea is known in Chinese as“出其不意，攻其不备”.
The Art of War also discusses how i 8 it is to prepare for war. A wise leader waits for the right time, uses the land in smart ways, and makes sure the people stand t 9 as one. Sunzi also reminds us if the situation changes, we must be ready to change our military p 10 too, so we can stay one step ahead.
The Art of War has been very popular since it first came out, influencing leaders all over the world.
【答案】
1．(e)arliest 2．(a)s 3．(w)hen 4．(k)nowledge 5．(a)void 6．(r)eady 7．(b)efore 8．(i)mportant 9．(t)ogether 10．(p)lans
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代军事著作《孙子兵法》的作者、内容、历史背景及其核心理念。
1．句意：这本书是已知最早关于战争和军事科学的著作。空处位于“known one”前，填形容词作定语。根据“known one on war and military science”和首字母提示可知，此处指《孙子兵法》是最早的关于战争的著作。空处填形容词最高级。earliest“最早的”，形容词early的最高级。故填(e)arliest。
2．句意：每个部分讲述不同的技巧或策略，在中国以“兵法”著称。根据“famous in China”和“Bingfa”以及首字母提示可知，此处指每个部分以“兵法”著称。famous as“以……著称”。故填(a)s。
3．句意：很难确切地知道《孙子兵法》是什么时候写的，但很多人认为它来自春秋时期。空处引导宾语从句。根据“but many people think it came from the Spring and Autumn Period”和首字母提示可知，此处指不知道《孙子兵法》是什么时候写的，需用when引导宾语从句。故填(w)hen。
4．句意：显然孙子对战争和策略有很多知识。空处位于“a lot of”后，填可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据“about war and strategy”和首字母提示可知，此处指孙子知道很多关于战争和策略的知识。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
5．句意：《孙子兵法》说如果可能的话，人们应该避免战争。空处位于情态动词“should”后，填动词原形。根据“if possible”和首字母提示可知，如果有可能，应避免战争。avoid“避免”，动词。故填(a)void。
6．句意：例如，在敌人还没有准备好的时候攻击他们，并在他们意想不到的地方出现。空处位于“are”后，修饰“they”，填形容词作表语。根据“attack enemies”和首字母提示可知，此处指攻击还没有做好准备的敌人。ready“准备好的”，形容词。故填(r)eady。
7．句意：通过让他们大吃一惊，我们可以不费吹灰之力就迅速取胜——有时甚至在真正的战斗开始之前。根据“we can win quickly with little effort”和“a real fight begins”以及首字母提示可知，此处指出其不意可以在真正的战争开始前结束战斗。before“在……之前”，介词。故填(b)efore。
8．句意：《孙子兵法》还讨论了备战的重要性。分析句子结构可知，此句符合“how+adj.+it is to do”“做……是多么……”的结构，空处填形容词。根据“prepare for war”和首字母提示可知，备战是重要的。important“重要的”，形容词。故填(i)mportant。
9．句意：一个明智的领导人等待合适的时间，以明智的方式使用土地，并确保人民团结一致。空处修饰动词“stand”，填副词。根据“makes sure the people stand”和首字母提示可知，此处指明智的领导人能使人民站在一起。together“在一起”，副词。故填(t)ogether。
10．句意：孙子还提醒我们，如果形势发生变化，我们也必须准备好改变我们的军事计划，这样我们就可以领先一步。空处位于“our”后，填名词作宾语。根据“change our military”和首字母提示可知，此处指形势改变，军事计划也要改变。plan“计划”，可数名词，此处指要调整多个计划，用复数的plans。故填(p)lans。
主题03 人与社会——国家与民族
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏盐城市东台市第一教育联盟期中）
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an i 1 country. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. London, the capital city, is big and m 2 . Like China, the UK has a long history. Kings and queens were o 3 its rulers.
There are may palaces and castles in this old E 4 country. Buckingham Palace is the most famous one. It has been the home of kings and queens f 5 a long time. The UK has always b 6 famous for its museums. Among them is British Museum. You can learn a lot about the w 7 culture there. The UK also has many places of natural b 8 , such as the Lake District.
The best time to visit the UK is from May to September because its winter is wet and cold. The weather c 9 often there, so prepare for it before going there. M 10 , remember that people use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.
【答案】
1．(i)sland 2．(m)odern 3．(o)nce 4．(E)uropean 5．(f)or 6．(b)een 7．(w)orld’s 8．(b)eauty 9．(c)hanges 10．(M)oreover
【导语】本文从地理、历史、文化、旅游等角度介绍了英国的基本情况。
1．句意：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，也被称为英国，是一个岛国。根据“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an…country.”和首字母可知，此处表达是一个岛国国家，island“岛屿的”符合句意。故填(i)sland。
2．句意：伦敦作为首都，又大又现代化。根据“London, the capital city, big and…”和首字母可知，此处表达又大又现代化，modern“现代的”符合句意。故填(m)odern。
3．句意：国王和女王曾是它的统治者。根据“Kings and queens were…its rulers.”可知，此处表达曾是它的统治者，once“曾经”符合句意。故填(o)nce。
4．句意：这个古老的欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。根据“There are may palaces and castles in this old…country. Buckingham Palace is the most famous one.”和首字母可知，这是一个欧洲的国家，European“欧洲的”符合句意。故填(E)uropean。
5．句意：长期以来，它一直是国王和女王的住所。根据“a long time”和首字母可知，此处表示时间延续，需介词for“持续”构成短语for a long time“长久以来”。故填(f)or。
6．句意：英国一直以其博物馆闻名。根据“The UK has always…famous for its museums.”和首字母可知，需用been与空前has构成现在完成时态。故填(b)een。
7．句意：在那里你可以学习很多关于世界文化。根据“You can learn a lot about the…culture there.”和首字母可知，此处表达世界文化，world’s“世界的”，名词所有格修饰名词culture。故填(w)orld’s。
8．句意：英国还有许多自然美景之地。根据“The UK also has many places of natural…”和首字母可知，形容词natural修饰名词，beauty“美丽”，名词。故填(b)eauty。
9．句意：那里的天气经常变化。根据“The weather…often there”可知，主语The weather为单数，changes“变化”，动词变为单三形式。故填(c)hanges。
10．句意：此外，请记住当地使用英镑而非人民币或美元。根据“…remember that people use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.”可知，此处表达另外的叮嘱，Moreover“此外”符合句意。故填(M)oreover。
主题01 人与社会——中华文化
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市邗江区梅苑双语学校·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
A tale of light and shadow
Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) ,or shadow play, is probably one of the most ancient arts using light and shadow.
Shadow puppetry can be found all over China, especially in the c 1 . Generally, it is a mix of many art forms, i 2 painting, music, opera performance and story-telling.
More than 2,000 years ago, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very sad about the death of his favourite concubine (妃子) . One day, a minister (大臣) happened to see children playing with dolls, whose shadows were lively on the floor. Then he had an idea—he m 3 a puppet (木偶) of the concubine. As night fell, he i 4 the emperor to watch a puppet show. This story is believed to be the b 5 of shadow puppetry.
Shadow puppetry was widely performed in the Tang Dynasty, and was introduced into West Asian and European c 6 during the Yuan Dynasty. The art form met its heyday (全盛期) in the Qing Dynasty, when the puppetry was performed in a 7 every province.
H 8 , making puppets is not an easy job. They are mostly made of the leather of animals, such as sheep. That’s why their Chinese name is piying, which means shadows of leather. The body parts of the puppets are cut separately and then joined together. During the performances, puppeteers hold the puppets w 9 sticks connected to their most important joints, so that the puppets could be shown as “moving images” on the screens. They could be so lively that Chinese shadow puppetry is also k 10 as the “forefather of films”.
【答案】
1．(c)ountryside 2．(i)ncluding 3．(m)ade 4．(i)nvited 5．(b)eginning 6．(c)ountries 7．(a)lmost 8．(H)owever 9．(w)ith 10．(k)nown
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国皮影戏这一传统民间艺术形式。
1．句意：皮影戏在中国各地都能见到，尤其在乡村地区。根据“all over China”可知，皮影戏在全中国都能看到，但强调更常见的地区，结合常识和首字母c可知，皮影戏在传统农村地区更流行，countryside农村，名词。故填(c)ountryside。
2．句意：它融合了多种艺术形式，包括绘画、音乐、歌剧表演和讲故事。根据“painting, music, opera performance and story-telling.”可知，此处需要填一个表示“包含”的介词，根据首字母i可知，including包括，介词，用于列举内容。故填(i)ncluding。
3．句意：于是他想出了一个主意——制作了一个宠妃模样的木偶。根据“One day, a minister (大臣) happened to see children playing with dolls, whose shadows were lively on the floor.”可知，大臣从儿童玩耍中获得灵感，制作木偶，结合首字母m可知，made制作，make的过去式，符合故事时态（一般过去时）。故填(m)ade。
4．句意：夜幕降临时，他邀请皇帝观看这场木偶表演。根据“watch a puppet show.”可知，应是邀请皇帝看木偶戏，结合首字母i可知，invited邀请，invite的过去式，符合“邀请皇帝观看”的情节，且与过去时态一致。故填(i)nvited。
5．句意：这个故事被认为是皮影戏的起源。后文提到皮影戏的起源故事，根据首字母b结合“起源”的含义，beginning开端，符合“皮影戏的起源”这一表述。故填(b)eginning。
6．句意：元代时传入西亚和欧洲国家。根据“Shadow puppetry was widely performed in the Tang Dynasty,”可知，在元朝期间，皮影戏传播到其他地区，根据首字母c提示，且与“West Asian and European”搭配，countries国家，复数形式，符合“多个国家”的含义。故填(c)ountries。
7．句意：当时各省几乎都有皮影戏表演。根据“The art form met its heyday (全盛期) in the Qing Dynasty,”可知，此处强调皮影戏的普及程度，根据首字母a和“全盛期”的背景，almost几乎，体现皮影戏的普及程度。故填(a)lmost。
8．句意：然而，制作木偶并非易事。根据“making puppets is not an easy job.”可知，此处与上文皮影戏的流行形成转折，需填入表示“然而”的过渡词，根据首字母H提示，However然而，表转折关系，且位于句首需大写。故填(H)owever。
9．句意：表演时，皮影艺人用棍子操控木偶最重要的关节，使木偶能在幕布上呈现出“活动的影像”。这里描述操纵方式，根据首字母w提示，结合“用棍子操控”的作，with用，借助，介词，后接工具（sticks），符合“用棍子”的表达方式。故填(w)ith。
10．句意：皮影戏如此生动，因此也被誉为“电影的鼻祖”。根据首字母k提示，be known as是固定搭配，意为“被称为、被誉为”，符合“皮影戏被称作电影鼻祖”的语境，故填(k)nown。
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区第三中学·期中）
The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 1 in Chinese culture.
The chrysanthemum is f 2 as one of the “Four Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the blossom, the orchid, and the bamboo. In the past, they stood for noble (高尚的) qualities.
The chrysanthemum comes out in b 3 colors during cold autumn days when most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired ancient Chinese poets. They spoke highly of its beauty and also used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) t 4 in their works.
Tao Yuanming was a famous poet. He once wrote a poem about l 5 as a hermit (隐士). He described how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his spirit in the poem.
“I p 6 chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山).” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the symbol of the hermit. But chrysanthemums are not only found in Chinese poems. They are also p 7 of Chinese food.
The Chongyang Festival f 8 on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. On that day, drinking wine made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It t 9 great. People believe it is good for one’s health.
In a w 10 , the chrysanthemum has influenced people’s life deeply and widely.
【答案】
1．(m)eanings 2．(f)amous 3．(b)right 4．(t)hemselves 5．(l)iving/(l)ife 6．(p)luck/(p)ick 7．(p)art 8．(f)alls 9．(t)astes 10．(w)ord
【导语】本文主要介绍了菊花在中国文化中的象征意义、文学价值以及日常生活中的应用。
1．句意：这种美丽的花朵在中国文化中有许多含义。根据“in Chinese culture”和首字母提示可知，此处指菊花在中国文化中有很多含义。meaning“含义”，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数。故填(m)eanings。
2．句意：菊花作为“植物四君子”之一而闻名。根据“as one of the ‘Four Gentlemen in Plants’”和首字母提示可知，此处指菊花作为四君子之一而闻名，be famous as“以……闻名”。故填(f)amous。
3．句意：在大多数花朵凋谢的寒冷秋日，菊花却绽放出鲜艳的色彩。根据“colors”和首字母提示可知，此处指菊花颜色鲜艳，bright“明亮的”，形容词作定语。故填(b)right。
4．句意：他们高度评价菊花的美丽，并在他们的作品中用菊花来代表他们自己。根据“in their works”和首字母提示可知，此处指诗人们用菊花代表他们自己，应用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。
5．句意：他曾写过一首关于隐居生活的诗。根据“as a hermit”和首字母提示可知，此处指作为隐士生活或隐士的生活。live“生活”，动词，介词about后用动名词/名词作宾语；life“生活”，不可数名词。故填(l)iving/(l)ife。
6．句意：“我采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。”陶渊明在他的诗中写道。根据“gaze afar toward the southern mountains”可知，此句时态为一般现在时，主语为“I”，谓语动词用原形。根据“chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge”和首字母提示可知，此处指摘菊花，pluck或pick“摘”，动词。故填(p)luck/(p)ick。
7．句意：菊花也是中国饮食的一部分。空处位于of“前”，填名词作表语。根据“of Chinese food”和首字母提示可知，菊花是饮食的一部分，part of“……的一部分”。故填(p)art。
8．句意：重阳节在农历九月初九。描述事实用一般现在时，主语为“The Chongyang Festival”，谓语动词用三单形式。根据“on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year”和首字母提示可知，此处指重阳节发生在农历九月初九。fall“发生”，动词，三单形式为falls。故填(f)alls。
9．句意：它尝起来很好。描述事实用一般现在时，主语为“It”，谓语动词用三单形式。根据“great”和首字母提示可知，此处指菊花茶尝起来好。taste“尝起来”，动词，三单形式为tastes。故填(t)astes。
10．句意：总之，菊花深刻而广泛地影响了人们的生活。根据“the chrysanthemum has influenced people’s life deeply and widely”和首字母提示可知，此处总结菊花的意义，in a word“总而言之”。故填(w)ord。
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港赣榆区·期中）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Ne Zha 2 became popular during the Spring Festival, breaking box-office records (票房记录) in China and even around the world. It is really a big s 1 as not just about money—but Chinese animation industry (动画产业) has become w 2 .
Ne Zha, once just a character from old tales. He, like most p 3 school students, is naughty and happy every day. But after his mother died, he r 4 how much his mother loved him. This really t 5 him. He decided to change. He said “I decide my own fate” and took a 6 to fight for himself.
A reporter (报道者) from Sina Weibo i 7 Jiaozi, he said: “We hope people can have a f 8 time watching the film. So over 4,000 people worked on it to make 1,900 special scenes (场景). So it is also known for its special effects (特效).”
Ne Zha has become a hero. E 9 those who don’t believe in themselves, most people feel inspired (激励) by his story. Also, his story makes people think nothing is i 10 if we never give up.
【答案】
1．(s)uccess 2．(w)orld-famous 3．(p)rimary 4．(r)ealized 5．(t)ouched 6．(a)ction 7．(i)nterviewed 8．(f)un 9．Even 10．(i)mpossible
【导语】本文主要介绍了《哪吒2》大获成功及其意义，包括影片中哪吒的故事、制作情况，以及其对人们的激励和带来的启示。
1．句意：这确实是一个巨大的成功，不仅仅是因为钱——而是中国动画产业已经闻名世界。根据前文提到电影打破票房纪录以及首字母“s”提示，此处指这是一个巨大的成功，success“成功”，名词；由“a big”可知用单数形式。故填(s)uccess。
2．句意：这确实是一个巨大的成功，不仅仅是因为钱——而是中国动画产业已经闻名世界。结合前文电影在全球受欢迎，以及首字母“w”提示，此处指中国动画产业变得世界闻名，world-famous“世界闻名的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填(w)orld-famous。
3．句意：他和大多数小学生一样，每天调皮又快乐。根据“school students”以及首字母“p”提示，此处指小学生，primary“初级的”，primary school students“小学生”，符合语境。故填(p)rimary。
4．句意：但在他妈妈去世后，他意识到妈妈有多爱他。根据“how much his mother loved him”以及首字母“r”提示，此处指意识到，realize“意识到”，动词；句子时态为一般过去时（由“died”可知），谓语动词用过去式。故填(r)ealized。
5．句意：这真的触动了他。根据前文他意识到妈妈的爱，以及首字母“t”提示，此处指这件事触动了他，touch“触动”，动词；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(t)ouched。
6．句意：他说“我命由我不由天”，并采取行动为自己而战。根据“fight for himself”以及首字母“a”提示，此处指采取行动，take action“采取行动”，固定短语。故填(a)ction。
7．句意：新浪微博的一名记者采访了饺子，他说：“我们希望人们能在看这部电影时度过一段美好的时光。所以4000多人参与制作了1900个特殊场景。因此，它也因其特效而闻名。”根据“A reporter”和“Jiaozi”以及首字母“i”提示，此处指记者采访了饺子，interview“采访”，动词；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(i)nterviewed。
8． 句意：新浪微博的一名记者采访了饺子，他说：“我们希望人们能在看这部电影时度过一段美好的时光。所以4000多人参与制作了1900个特殊场景。因此，它也因其特效而闻名。”根据“watching the film”以及首字母“f”提示，此处指“看这部电影时度过一段美好的时光”，have a fun/fantastic time“一段美好的时光”，固定短语。故填(f)un/(f)antastic。
9．句意：甚至那些不相信自己的人，大多数人都被他的故事所激励。结合前后文“Ne Zha has become a hero”和“those who don’t believe in themselves”以及首字母“E”提示，此处表示递进关系，指甚至那些不自信的人，Even“甚至”，副词，符合语境。故填(E)ven。
10．句意：此外，他的故事让人们认为，只要我们永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。根据“if we never give up”以及首字母“i”提示，此处指没有什么是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填(i)mpossible。
主题02 人与社会——文学名著
Passage 1
（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州市邗江区维扬中学·期中）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下面空格处填写所缺单词，使短文完整。（每空一词）
We sailed north along the coast. Soon, we changed d 1 and went east. All we could see was water. At first the w 2 was good-it was sunny and hot. Then one morning it changed suddenly. A strong wind began to blow and the sky was f 3 with big black clouds.
The wind got stronger and the sea got rougher. Our brave captain tried to keep the ship on its way, but he c 4 .
“We’re all going to die,” I thought because we were in a terrible s 5 .
When the weather finally started to get b 6 the captain and I tried to find our p 7 on a map.
“The storm took us north,” he said. “I think we must be near here.” He pointed to the mouth of the river Orinoco.
“The ship is full of holes, ‘he went on.’ We need to r 8 them. We must go back to Brazil.”
“No.” I said. “We aren’t far from the island of Barbados. We must go there. They speak English and we can find people to help us repair the ship. So we sailed north-east into the Caribbean Sea.”
We were making good progress when there was a 9 storm. Once again the strong wind blew our ship off its course. “The future doesn’t look very good for us!” I thought unhappily. The storm c 10 for several days. Luckily nobody fell into the sea.
—Taken from The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
【答案】
1．(d)irection 2．(w)eather 3．(f)illed 4．(c)ouldn’t 5．(s)ituation 6．(b)etter 7．(p)osition 8．(r)epair 9．(a)nother 10．(c)ontinued
【导语】本文节选自《鲁滨逊漂流记》，记叙了主人公在航海途中遭遇风暴的冒险经历。
1．句意：很快，我们改变方向，向东行驶。根据“Soon, we changed ... and went east.”可知，“changed”是及物动词，后需接名词作宾语，结合语境“went east”可知是改变“方向”，“direction”符合。故填(d)irection 。
2．句意：起初天气很好 —— 阳光充足且炎热。根据“sunny and hot”可知描述的是“天气”，“weather”是不可数名词，符合语境。故填(w)eather。
3．句意：一阵强风开始刮起，天空布满了大片的乌云。根据“A strong wind began to blow and the sky was ... with big black clouds.”可知，“be filled with”是固定短语，意为“充满；布满”，符合天空被乌云覆盖的语境。故填(f)illed。
4．句意：我们勇敢的船长努力让船继续前行，但他做不到。根据“Our brave captain tried to keep the ship on its way, but he ...”可知，前文说船长努力，“but”表转折，说明“不能”做到，结合时态为一般过去时，“couldn’t”符合。故填 (c)ouldn’t 。
5．句意：“我们都要死了，” 我想，因为我们处于很糟糕的状况中。根据“I thought because we were in a terrible ...”可知，“in a...situation”表示“处于……状况”，结合遭遇风暴的语境，“situation”符合。故填(s)ituation。
6．句意：当天气终于开始变好时，船长和我试图在地图上找到我们的位置。根据“When the weather finally started to get ... the captain and I tried to find our ... on a map.”可知，“get+形容词比较级”表示“变得更……”，结合天气从恶劣到好转的语境，“better”符合。故填(b)etter。
7．句意：当天气终于开始变好时，船长和我试图在地图上找到我们的位置。根据“When the weather finally started to get ... the captain and I tried to find our ... on a map.”可知，在地图上找的是所处“位置”，“position”符合语境。故填(p)osition。
8．句意：“船满是窟窿，” 他接着说，“我们需要修理它们。我们必须回巴西 。”根据“We need to ... them.”可知，“need to do sth.”表示“需要做某事”，结合船有窟窿的语境，是需要“修理”，“repair”符合。故填(r)epair。
9．句意：我们正航行得很顺利，这时又一场风暴来袭。根据“We were making good progress when there was ... storm.”可知，前文已遭遇过风暴，这里指“另一场”，“another”符合语境。故填(a)nother。
10．句意：风暴持续了好几天。幸运的是，没人掉进海里。根据“The storm ... for several days”可知，讲述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，“continue”的过去式“continued”符合。故填(c)ontinued。
Passage 2
（24-25八年级下·江苏仪征市·期中）
My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big r 1 called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft.
I didn’t have a family or a home. My mother d 2 a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 3 . I lived on the streets and in the woods.
It all started when Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 4 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank.
Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and then my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m 7 going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt free there and I was happy. I f 9 and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars.
The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap!
—Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
【答案】
1．(r)iver 2．(d)ied 3．(a)ge 4．(e)ach 5．(c)hanged 6．(b)ecause 7．(m)ind 8．(h)ardest 9．(f)ished 10．(w)inter
【导语】本文节选自《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了主人公哈克贝利 费恩的经历，包括家庭背景、生活变化以及遇到的一些状况。
1．句意：这是一个小镇，但靠近一条非常大的河，叫密西西比河。根据“called the Mississippi”可知，小镇靠近河流，river“河流”，可数名词，空前有冠词a，此处用单数。故填(r)iver。
2．句意：我妈妈很久以前就去世了，然后我的爸爸帕普失踪了。根据“I didn’t have a family or a home. My mother...”可知，母亲不在了，die“去世”，时态是一般过去时。故填(d)ied。
3．句意：我不像我这个年纪的其他男孩一样去上学。“of one’s age”是固定搭配，意为“同龄的”。故填(a)ge。
4．句意：我们每人得到6000美元。根据“It all started when Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave”和“We got $6,000...”可知，12,000美元被两人平分，每人得到6000美元，each表示“每人”。故填(e)ach。
5．句意：然后一位善良的老太太道格拉斯寡妇邀请我和她一起生活，然后我的生活改变了。根据后文“She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day...”可知，我的生活改变了，change“改变”，时态是一般过去时。故填(c)hanged。
6．句意：起初我不喜欢去学校 ，因为学习非常困难。根据“I didn’t like going there at first...learning was very difficult.”可知，空处前后为因果关系，because“因为”，符合题意。故填(b)ecause。
7．句意：但当我能读和写一点的时候，我不介意去学校 了。didn’t mind doing sth.“不介意做某事”。故填(m)ind。
8．句意：对我来说，在餐桌上吃饭和睡在柔软的床上是最艰难的事情。从后文说想念以前的生活，可知这些新的生活方式让他觉得难适应，hardest“最艰难的”，符合题意。故填(h)ardest。
9．句意：我在树林里整天钓鱼打猎。根据“...and hunted all day”可知，空处需填一个动词与hunted并列，fish“钓鱼”，符合语境，此处用过去式。故填(f)ished。
10．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“The weather got cold.”可知，冬天来了，天气变冷了。winter“冬天”。故填(w)inter。
Passage 3
（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港市东海县·期中）
根据首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或单词的正确形式。
Gulliver’s ship crashed against the rocks. He tried his best to swim to the b 1 . By the time he f 2 the land under his feet, he was t 3 out. He fell down on the sand and went to sleep.
He woke up as the sun was r 4 , but he could not move. He was tied to the ground. Then something moved on his leg, up to his stomach and neck u 5 it was standing near his face. It was a tiny man, as tiny as his little finger. Soon more small men climbed up. Gulliver shouted at them. The loud n 6 made them all fall over. But they didn’t run away. I 7 , they got up again and continued moving across his body.
One of the small men began talking. H 8 , Gulliver couldn’t understand him. He didn’t know what to say e 9 . He tried to pull one hand free and f 10 managed to break the ropes.
【答案】
1．(b)ank 2．(f)elt 3．(t)ired 4．(r)ising 5．(u)ntil 6．(n)oise 7．(I)nstead 8．(H)owever 9．(e)ither 10．(f)inally
【导语】本文讲述格列佛的船触礁后游到岸边，精疲力竭睡去，醒来被小矮人绑住，他大喊吓倒他们，最终挣脱一只手弄断绳子。
1．句意：他尽力游向岸边。根据“He tried his best to swim to the...”及首字母“b”可知，船触礁后应游向“岸边”，“bank”意为“岸”，符合语境。故填(b)ank。
2．句意：当他感觉到脚下的陆地时，已经筋疲力尽了。根据“By the time he...the land under his feet, he was...out.”及首字母“f”可知，此处表示“感觉到”陆地，“feel”意为“感觉”，句子时态为一般过去时，此处用过去式“felt”。故填(f)elt。
3．句意：当他感觉到

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