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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中素养达标培优卷沪教版（新教材）
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．Fan began working as an archaeologist ________ she graduated from Peking University.
A．before B．after C．while D．until
2．The children were hungry and the salad was________quickly
A．eating up B．ate up C．eaten up D．disappeared
3．Many houses ________in the earthquake last year.
A．is destroyed B．are destroyed C．was destroyed D．were destroyed
4．—Can I smoke here
—Smoking ________.
A．not allow B．isn’t allowing C．doesn’t allow D．isn’t allowed
5．Please don’t ________ your dream of becoming a sculptor, even if it is very difficult.
A．to start with B．give up C．right away D．look up
6．Everyone was ________ at her chocolate sculpture because it was so beautiful.
A．amazed B．amazing C．boring D．bored
7．The paper cutting ________ by my grandmother yesterday afternoon.
A．was making B．is made C．was made D．made
8．My sister is studying hard ________ she can enter a good ________.
A．so that; university B．in order to; university C．so that; course D．in order that; course
9．—Is Zhang Wei a ________
—Yes, he does things for nothing to help others.
A．volunteer B．headmaster C．manager D．director
10．We are running ________ water. We must find some to drink soon.
A．out of B．low on C．away from D．into
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
Eye contact means looking into another person’s eyes. It is a very important part of body 11 . You may avoid looking someone in the eye when talking with them because you are shy. But in many 12 , eye contact is the key to good communication. You can show friendliness, interest and understanding through eye contact.
Eye contact can mean 13 things in different places. For example, in northern Europe, direct eye contact is a sign that you are truly 14 in what the other person is saying. If you look down and avoid eye contact, a northern European may think you are not listening to 15 they are saying.
However, in many Asian countries, looking down when talking with a(n) 16 person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite. These differences can 17 problems. Suppose that an East Asian woman meets a person from northern Europe for the first time. If she 18 direct eye contact during the conversation, the northern European may think her behaviour is 19 . He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident. In 20 , the East Asian woman is most likely showing respect and being polite.
Avoiding eye contact can cause problems, but too much eye contact is not polite 21 . In many countries, looking at other people for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel 22 .
Eye contact plays an important role in communication. Maintaining eye contact makes it 23 to build an emotional connection with the other person. Psychologists study eye contact to learn more about 24 the brain works, and doctors may nowadays look at eye contact to 25 illnesses and other health problems.
11．A．language B．contact C．communication D．expression
12．A．cases B．countries C．ways D．places
13．A．same B．different C．similar D．important
14．A．interested B．interesting C．shy D．polite
15．A．what B．that C．which D．who
16．A．young B．older C．strange D．foreign
17．A．solve B．cause C．find D．meet
18．A．makes B．gives C．avoids D．keeps
19．A．polite B．normal C．strange D．friendly
20．A．fact B．short C．total D．general
21．A．too B．either C．also D．neither
22．A．comfortable B．happy C．uncomfortable D．excited
23．A．harder B．easier C．slower D．faster
24．A．what B．why C．how D．when
25．A．identify B．create C．cause D．avoid
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is a great Chinese landscape painting. It was painted by Huang Gongwang, one of the famous artists in the Yuan dynasty.
Huang Gongwang was born in 1269. He started to paint this great work when he was almost 80 years old. He first drew the whole rough draft in one sitting. Then he added details to it over the years, whenever he was in the mood. It took him several years to finish the painting.
The painting shows the beautiful countryside scenery beside the Fuchun River. We can see green mountains, clear rivers, small bridges and a fisherman on the river. It is full of peaceful beauty.
However, the painting had a hard life. Around 1650, it was burnt in a fire and split into two pieces. For hundreds of years, the two parts were kept in different places. In 2011, the two parts were finally shown together in an exhibition, which made people all over the world excited.
26．What kind of painting is Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains
A．A figure painting B．A landscape painting
C．A bird-and-flower painting D．An oil painting
27．When did Huang Gongwang start to paint this picture
A．In his seventies B．In his eighties C．In his sixties D．In his fifties
28．What can we NOT see in the painting
A．Green mountains B．A clear river C．A tall tower D．A small bridge
29．What happened to the painting around 1650
A．It was finished by the artist. B．It was split into two parts.
C．It was shown in an exhibition. D．It was given to a friend.
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Huang Gongwang finished the painting in one year.
B．The painting shows the city scenery of Jiangnan.
C．The two parts were shown together in 2011.
D．Few people like this ancient painting.
B
What if AI could do difficult surgeries (外科手术) as well as experienced human doctors Recently, scientists have developed a new AI model that can do exactly that—but what’s the secret behind it It turns out that the robots learn by watching how-to videos first.
Traditionally, teaching robots to do even the simplest surgical moves required people to program every small step by hand. Now, a team from Johns Hopkins University has developed a new way called “imitation learning”. Axel Krieger led the team. He said, “This model is great. We just give it camera videos, and it can understand how the robots should move during surgery. We believe this is a big step for medical robots.”
The scientists trained the model with many videos. These videos were taken by small cameras on the popular da Vinci Surgical System robots. These robots are widely used—about 7,000 of them are used around the world, and over 50,000 doctors have been trained to use them. So, the team had lots of surgery videos to train the model.
“We only need camera videos. Then this AI model finds the right thing to do. We find that even with just a few hundred example videos, the model can learn the process and work in new environments,” another scientist said.
The model is able to master different surgery tasks. In each case, the robot works with human doctors. Krieger said, “The model is good at learning things we haven’t taught it. For example, if it drops the needle, it will pick it up by itself and proceed. I didn’t program it to do this.”
This new development may let robots do difficult surgeries alone in the future. This will greatly change the future of robotic medicine.
31．What is the “secret” behind the new AI model that can perform difficult surgeries
A．It has been programmed with thousands of surgical steps by human doctors.
B．It has been trained by over 50,000 experienced doctors.
C．It learns by watching how-to videos of surgeries first.
D．It uses a special camera to watch human doctors in real time.
32．What does the writer want to show by talking about traditional robots
A．The need to teach traditional robots. B．The advantage of the new AI model.
C．The problems in robot programming. D．The importance of creating new robots.
33．What did the scientists find about the model
A．It is able to learn well by itself. B．It works better without human doctors.
C．It only works in familiar environments. D．It is trained to follow every surgery step.
34．What does the underlined word “proceed” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Start a new task. B．Continue its work.
C．Ask a doctor for help. D．Stop what it is doing.
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．Creating medicine with robots B．Developing new da Vinci robots
C．A new camera for surgical robots D．A big step forward in robotic medicine
C
We all enjoy being part of a group—there’s no better work than teamwork, right Actually, I disagree. Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own. It’s a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.
Personalities can make teamwork difficult. There’s often someone on the team that puts their needs first. The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult personality can make teamwork bine several challenging personality types, and it’s even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and lots of it.
________. You can’t just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team members. Think of football players: They aren’t just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Teamwork can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn’t work, I don’t have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don’t have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a great idea. Don’t get me wrong—I still like my “team of one” and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself. But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done correctly. And that’s useful information—because one day I might want to turn my “ME TEAM” into a “WE TEAM”.
36．Why did the writer choose to work from home on his/her own
A．To keep himself busier. B．To keep himself healthier.
C．To make his job easier. D．To make his team work harder.
37．Which of the following makes teamwork difficult
A．A strong personality. B．Lots of teamwork time.
C．Challenging ideas. D．Clear team roles.
38．Which of the following sentences best fits the blank “________” in Paragraph 4
A．Building trust among team members is often ignored.
B．There is often no training on how to work as a team.
C．Many teams fail because they do not meet frequently enough.
D．Strong personalities often prevent effective communication in groups.
39．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．“WE TEAM” has hardly any advantages. B．“ME TEAM” needs a lot of IT engineers.
C．“ME TEAM” has no challenges for the writer. D．“WE TEAM” may be the writer’s choice one day.
40．What is the purpose of the text
A．To show the advantages of teamwork. B．To tell the importance of teamwork.
C．To introduce the influence of teamwork. D．To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
When you visit a foreign country, 41 . For example, you may ask “Where are the restrooms ” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ” 42 . Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. That is because it is a very direct question. 43 . We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask for help.
44 . The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. 45 . However, if you say to your teacher, “When is the school trip ”, this might sound impolite. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know when the school trip is ”, this will sound much more polite.
A．It is not enough to just ask a question correctly
B．It is all right to ask your classmates direct questions because you know them well.
C．It is important to know how to ask for help politely
D．Good speakers change the way they speak in different situations
E．These are similar requests for directions
F．It is enough to just ask a question correctly
G．It isn’t important to know how to ask for help politely
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Nezha 2: The Demon Child Battles the Sea was really popular this Spring Festival. It’s a wonderful Chinese animated movie 46 (make) by Jiaozi.
The story 47 (go) on after the first one. Ne zha and Ao Bing are still alive after the Heavenly Tribulation (天劫), but their bodies are in a bad state (状态). Taiyi Zhenren, who is worried about them, tries to save them with the magic Seven-Colored Lotus. But this brings some unexpected 48 (problem). Nezha, with a strong feeling of responsibility, makes an alliance with Ao Bing. They start a long and hard trip 49 (save) the world. The movie’s best part is 50 (it) great pictures. The sea battle scenes look so lively 51 you may feel like you are right there. The new looks of the characters are also 52 (real) cool. Nezha’s new clothes have special Chinese-style patterns. Besides, the movie tells us 53 encouraging story. It shows Nezha’s fight 54 evil and discusses friendship and responsibility.
All in all, Nezha 2: The Demon Child Battles the Sea is a great movie. It makes us feel the magic of Chinese stories and the power of 55 (believe) in ourselves. Don’t miss it!
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空只填一个单词）
be long China city deep hear enjoy south thousand tour
Most people know the Great Wall of China, but not many people outside of China have 56 about the Grand Canal. This man-made waterway, known in China as Da Yunhe, is 1,700 kilometers 57 and some parts of it are more than 2,000 years old. It links the north of China with Hangzhou, a city in the 58 part of the country. It’s the longest man-made waterway in the world.
It was built as a way to transport grain (谷物) from the 59 in the south of China to those in the north. In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of canals and rivers linked together. It’s still an important part of the transport system in China. 60 of boats use it every day to transport grain and many other types of food.
Now the 61 government is doing new work on the Grand Canal. It is making parts of it 62 , so bigger ships can use it. The canal will also help to move water. There 63 a lot of rain in the south of China, but not as much in the north. The canal will transport a lot of water from the south to the north.
The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall, and not many 64 visit it. But it’s possible to 65 some of the oldest parts of the canal. Passengers can see beautiful parts of China that other visitors don’t see.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers. Volunteers give their time to help people, for example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.
Pauline Jones, 18, comes from Cardiff, Wales. Next year she wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now she’s living in Belize. Pauline says, “I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted, the coral will die. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it’s too late.” Pauline’s friends all think she’s doing great. They want to be a person like Pauline who cares about the environment.
“When I finish my work, I want to stay here for three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America.”
根据语篇内容，回答问题。
66．What does Pauline Jones want to study in her university
67．Where is Pauline Jones living now
68．What is Pauline Jones saving in the sea near Belize
69．How long does Pauline Jones want to stay in Belize after she finishes her work
70．What do Pauline’s friends think of Pauline
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．假设你是李华，学校英语社团将举办以“Protect Our Cultural Heritage”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。
提示：
1. 文化遗产是国家的财富，很重要；
2. 我们可以参观博物馆，了解更多文化遗产；
3. 向家人和朋友宣传保护文化遗产；
4. 不损坏文物，从小事做起。
要求：
1. 包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥；
2. 词数80左右，语句通顺，语法正确；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Protect Our Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage is very important for us.
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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：樊从北京大学毕业后开始作为一名考古学家工作。
before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时候；until直到……为止。根据“began working”和“graduated”可知，通常是在大学毕业之后才开始正式工作，符合时间逻辑。
2．C
【解析】句意：孩子们饿了，沙拉很快被吃光了。
eating up（现在进行时主动语态）；ate up（一般过去时主动语态）；eaten up（过去分词，被动语态）；disappeared（不及物动词，无被动语态）。主语“salad”与动作“eat up”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”。句中已有“was”，后接过去分词，“eat up”的过去分词是“eaten up”；“disappeared”是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，应选eaten up。
3．D
【解析】句意：去年地震中许多房屋被毁坏了。
主语 Many houses是复数，与动词destroy 之间是被动关系，要用被动语态 be + 过去分词；时间状语 last year 表明是一般过去时，be 动词用were。
4．D
【解析】句意：——我可以在这里吸烟吗？——吸烟是不被允许的。
根据语境可知，主语“Smoking”和动词“allow”之间是被动关系，即“吸烟不被允许”，应该用被动语态，应填isn’t allowed。
5．B
【解析】句意：请不要放弃你成为雕塑家的梦想，即使它非常困难。
根据 don’t 可知后接动词原形，排除A选项。C选项为副词短语，不能作谓语。结合后半句“即使非常困难”，可知语境为鼓励坚持，不要中途停止，B选项符合逻辑，D项语义不符。故选B。
6．A
【解析】句意：每个人都对她的巧克力雕塑感到惊叹，因为它太美了。
amazed 感到惊讶的；amazing 令人惊讶的；boring 令人无聊的；bored 感到无聊的。主语是Everyone，指人，通常用-ed结尾的形容词形容人的感受，排除 B、C；根据“because it was so beautiful”可知雕塑很美，人们应是感到惊叹而非无聊。
7．C
【解析】句意：这张剪纸昨天下午被我奶奶制作好了。
根据“by my grandmother”可知句子要用被动语态，结构为be+done；根据时间状语“yesterday afternoon”可知时态为一般过去时，be动词用 was/were。主语The paper cutting是单数，故用was made。
8．A
【解析】句意：我妹妹正在努力学习，以便她能进入一所好大学。
根据句子结构可知，第一空引导目的状语从句，in order to后面接动词原形，不能引导从句，so that和in order that都可以引导目的状语从句，因此第一空排除选项B；根据“enter a good”可知，第二空表示进入一个好的大学，因此第二空用university，排除选项C、D。应填so that; university。
9．A
【解析】句意：——张伟是一名志愿者吗？——是的，他无偿做事帮助他人。
volunteer志愿者；headmaster校长；manager经理；director主任、导演。根据答语“he does things for nothing to help others”可知，无偿帮助他人做事的是志愿者。
10．A
【解析】句意：我们快用完水了。我们必须快点找到一些喝的。
out of耗尽、用完；low on短缺、不足；away from远离；into进入。根据“We must find some to drink soon.”可知，此处表达水即将用尽的含义，固定搭配run out of表示用光某物，符合语境。应填out of。
11．A 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．A 16．B 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了眼神交流在不同文化和社交场合中的重要性及其含义差异。
11．句意：这是肢体语言中非常重要的一部分。
language语言；contact联系；communication交流；expression表达。根据“Eye contact”可知，眼神交流是一种身体语言。故选A。
12．句意：但在许多情况下，眼神交流是良好沟通的关键。
cases情况；countries国家；ways方式；places地方。根据“You can show friendliness, interest and understanding through eye contact.”可知，此处讲的是眼神交流的普遍意义，介绍的是多种情况。故选A。
13．句意：眼神交流在不同的地方可能意味着不同的事情。
same相同的；different不同的；similar相似的；important重要的。根据“in different places”可知，不同的地方意味着不同的事情。故选B。
14．句意：例如，在北欧，直接的眼神交流表明你对对方说的话真正感兴趣。
interested感兴趣的；interesting有趣的；shy害羞的；polite有礼貌的。根据“...in what the other person is saying.”可知，是对对方说的话感兴趣，主语you指人，用interested。故选A。
15．句意：如果你往下看，避免眼神交流，北欧人可能会认为你没有在听他们在说什么。
what什么；that引导宾语从句，无实际意义；which引导宾语从句，无实际意义；who谁。根据“they are saying”可知，指代说话的内容，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
16．句意：然而，在许多亚洲国家，与老师或家长等年长者交谈时低头是有礼貌的。
young年轻的；older年长的；strange奇怪的；foreign外国的。根据“like a teacher or a parent”可知，老师或是家长应该是年长的人。故选B。
17．句意：这些差异可能会导致问题。
solve解决；cause产生；find发现；meet遇见。根据“problems”可知，是产生问题。故选B。
18．句意：如果她在谈话中避免直接眼神交流，北欧人可能会认为她的行为很奇怪。
makes制作；gives给；avoids避免；keeps保持。根据“He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident.”可知，是避免眼神交流，会被认为是这样的。故选C。
19．句意：如果她在谈话中避免直接眼神交流，北欧人可能会认为她的行为很奇怪。
polite礼貌的；normal正常的；strange奇怪的；friendly友好的。根据“He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident.”可知，避免眼神交流这种行为被认为是很奇怪的。故选C。
20．句意：事实上，东亚女性最有可能表现出尊重和礼貌。
fact事实；short短的；total总的；general一般的。根据“the East Asian woman is most likely showing respect and being polite.”可知，此处是阐述事实。故选A。
21．句意：避免眼神交流可能会导致问题，但过多的眼神交流也不礼貌。
too也，用于肯定句；either也，用于否定句；also也，用于句中；neither两者都不。根据“but too much eye contact is not polite”可知，句子为否定句，位于句尾，用either表示“也”。故选B。
22．句意：这可能会让他们感到不舒服。
comfortable舒服的；happy高兴的；uncomfortable不舒服的；excited兴奋的。根据“looking at other people for a long time is impolite.”可知，长时间的看着别人这件事情会让人感觉不舒服。故选C。
23．句意：保持眼神交流可以更容易地与对方建立情感联系。
harder更困难的；easier更容易的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根据“Eye contact plays an important role in communication.”可知，眼神交流能让双方更容易地建立情感。故选B。
24．句意：心理学家研究眼神交流是为了更多地了解大脑是如何工作的，医生现在可能会通过眼神交流来识别疾病和其它健康问题。
what什么；why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候。根据“learn more about...the brain works,”可知，是了解大脑是如何工作的。故选C。
25．句意：心理学家研究眼神交流是为了更多地了解大脑是如何工作的，医生现在可能会通过眼神交流来识别疾病和其它健康问题。
identify确认；create创造；cause引起；avoid避免。根据“look at eye contact to...illnesses and other health problems.”可知，是通过眼神交流来识别疾病。故选A。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文介绍了元代画家黄公望的山水画《富春山居图》，讲述了它的创作过程、画中内容、坎坷的流传经历，以及 2011 年两段合璧展出的故事。
26．文章第一句介绍了《富春山居图》是一幅风景画：“Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is a great Chinese landscape painting.”。
27．第二段第二句介绍了开始作画的时间：“He started to paint this great work when he was almost 80 years old.”，即可知道黄公望开始作这幅画是近八十岁的时候，就是在七十多岁，用“in his seventies”表示。
28．第三段第二句介绍了画中内容：“We can see green mountains, clear rivers, small bridges and a fisherman on the river. ”，从中可以知道高塔是没有在画中的。
29．第四段第二句介绍了在1650年左右画都经历了什么：“Around 1650, it was burnt in a fire and split into two pieces.”，当年是被烧了，分成了两段。
30．文章最后一句介绍在2011年画的两段一起被展出：“In 2011, the two parts were finally shown together in an exhibition, which made people all over the world excited.”。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文介绍了约翰霍普金斯大学团队开发的一种新型AI模型，通过观看手术视频学习，能够执行复杂的外科手术，这被认为是医疗机器人的一大进步。
31．第一段指出：“the robots learn by watching how-to videos first.”，说明新型AI模型的秘密在于先观看教学视频学习。
32．第二段对比了传统机器人和新型AI模型，传统机器人需要“program every small step by hand”，而新型AI模型通过“imitation learning”学习，说明作者想展示新模型的优势。
33．第五段指出：“The model is good at learning things we haven’t taught it.”，说明模型能够自主学习。
34．第五段中“proceed”所在句为：“it will pick it up by itself and proceed.”，结合语境，意为“继续它的工作”。
35．全文围绕新型AI模型在医疗机器人领域的突破展开，介绍了其学习方式、优势及未来前景，因此“医疗机器人的一大进步”最能概括全文主旨。
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过自身经历探讨了团队合作的困难，包括个性冲突、时间不足和缺乏信任等问题，并对比了独自工作的优缺点，最后表示未来可能重新考虑团队合作。
36．第一段句子“Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own. It’s a much better fit for me”以及句子“why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier”表明，作者认为团队合作让工作更难，而独自工作更适合自己，即让工作更容易。
37．第二段句子“Personalities can make teamwork difficult. There’s often someone on the team that puts their needs first... Just one difficult personality can make teamwork hard.”指出，强势或难以相处的个性会使团队合作变得困难。
38．第四段空格后提到“You can’t just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust... They practice, and they train.”说明仅仅把人聚在一起不够，需要培训和练习。空格处应引出缺乏团队培训这一观点。选项B“通常没有关于如何成为团队的培训”最符合上下文逻辑。
39．最后一段句子“But now I realize... how good teamwork could be if done correctly... because one day I might want to turn my ‘ME TEAM’ into a ‘WE TEAM’.”表明，作者认识到正确团队合作的好处，未来可能将“我的团队”转变为“我们的团队”。
40．全文围绕团队合作为何困难展开：个性问题、时间不足、缺乏信任等，作者以自己的离职经历为例，分析团队合作的挑战。目的不是单纯展示优势或重要性，而是解释困难所在。故选“To explain the difficulties of teamwork.”
41．C 42．E 43．A 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了在国外交流时，不仅要正确提问，还要学会礼貌地求助，且说话方式需根据场合和对象调整。
41．根据后文举例“你可能会问‘洗手间在哪里？’或‘你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？’”可知，此处是说在国外需要求助，即“知道如何礼貌地求助很重要”，引出下文的提问例子。
42．根据前文提到的两个问句“Where are the restrooms ”和“Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ”可知，此处是说明这两个问句的性质，即“这些是类似的问路请求”，衔接后文对礼貌程度的分析。
43．根据前文“两者都正确，但第一个听起来没那么礼貌”以及后文“We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask for help”（我们还需要学会求助时如何礼貌）可知，此处是说“只正确提问是不够的”，呼应后文对礼貌的要求。
44．根据后文“The expressions they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other”（他们使用的表达可能取决于交谈对象或熟悉程度）可知，此处是说“优秀的说话者会根据不同场合改变说话方式”，引出下文对表达选择的说明。
45．根据后文“然而，如果你对老师说‘学校旅行是什么时候’，这可能听起来不礼貌”可知，此处是举了一个相对随意的情况，即“直接问同学问题是没问题的，因为你们很熟”，与后文对老师的礼貌表达形成对比。
46．made 47．goes 48．problems 49．to save 50．its 51．that 52．really 53．an 54．against 55．believing
【导语】本文主要介绍了动画电影《哪吒2：魔童闹海》的相关内容，包括其制作、剧情、亮点以及传达的主题等，展现了这部电影的魅力。
46．句意：它是一部由饺子制作的精彩的中国动画电影。“movie”和“make”之间是被动关系，用过去分词made作后置定语。
47．句意：这个故事在第一部的故事之后继续展开。句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，主语“The story”是第三人称单数，用动词的三单形式goes。
48．句意：但这带来了一些意想不到的问题。“some”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，problem是可数名词，其复数形式为problems。
49．句意：他们开始了一段漫长而艰难的拯救世界的旅程。此处用动词不定式to save作目的状语。
50．句意：这部电影最精彩的部分是它的精彩画面。需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰“great pictures”，it的形容词性物主代词是its。
51．句意：海战场景看起来如此生动，以至于你可能会觉得自己就在那里。so...that...是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。
52．句意：角色的新造型也真的很酷。需要一个副词来修饰形容词“cool”，real的副词形式是really。
53．句意：此外，这部电影给我们讲述了一个鼓舞人心的故事。“encouraging”是以元音音素开头的单词，所以要用不定冠词an。
54．句意：它展现了哪吒与邪恶的斗争，并探讨了友谊和责任。fight against是固定短语，意为“与……作斗争”。
55．句意：它让我们感受到中国故事的魅力和相信自己的力量。“of”是介词，后接动名词，believe的动名词形式是believing。
56．heard 57．long 58．southern 59．cities 60．Thousands 61．Chinese 62．deeper 63．is 64．tourists 65．enjoy
【导语】本文介绍了中国大运河的历史、作用、现状及保护工作，对比了它与长城的知名度，同时提到了乘船游览运河的独特体验。
56．句意：大多数人都知道中国的长城，但中国以外没有多少人听说过大运河。现在完成时结构为have/has + 过去分词，备选词hear，动词，意为“听说”，其过去分词heard，have heard about是固定搭配，意为“听说过”，符合语境。
57．句意：这条人工水道，在中国被称为大运河，长1700公里，部分河段已有2000多年的历史。描述长度用“数词 + kilometers + long”，备选词long，形容词，意为“长的”，符合语境。
58．句意：它连接着中国的北方和杭州——一个位于该国南部的城市。修饰名词part用形容词，表示“南部的”，备选词south，名词，意为“南方”，其形容词形式southern，意为“南部的”，符合语境。
59．句意：它的建造目的是将中国南方城市的粮食运到北方。此处表示“南方的城市”，备选词city，名词，意为“城市”，其复数形式cities，符合语境。
60．句意：每天有成千上万艘船用它来运输粮食和许多其他类型的食物。thousands of是固定搭配，意为“成千上万的”。
61．句意：现在中国政府正在对大运河进行新的工程。修饰名词government用形容词，表示“中国的”，备选词China，名词，意为“中国”，其形容词形式Chinese，意为“中国的”，符合语境。
62．句意：它正在加深部分河段，以便更大的船只可以通行。make sth. + 形容词/比较级，表示“使某物变得……”，此处表示“更深”，备选词deep，形容词，意为“深的”，其比较级形式deeper，符合语境。
63．句意：中国南方雨水多，北方雨水少。there be句型中，主语rain为不可数名词，句子为一般现在时，用is，备选词be，be动词，其形式is符合语境。
64．句意：大运河远不如长城有名，也没有多少游客去参观它。many后接可数名词复数，表示“游客”，备选词tour，动词，意为“旅行”，其名词复数形式tourists，意为“游客”，符合语境。
65．句意：但你有可能欣赏到运河一些最古老的部分。it's possible to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是可能的”，备选词enjoy，动词，意为“欣赏、享受”，符合语境。
66．Chinese/ She wants to study Chinese. 67．In Belize/ She’s living in Belize now. 68．She’s saving the coral reefs. 69．For three months. 70．She’s a good girl who cares about the environment.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍英国年轻人在中学毕业后选择做志愿者的现象，并以18岁的Pauline Jones为例，讲述她在Belize参与保护珊瑚礁的工作及其未来计划。
66．第二段明确提到“Next year she wants to go to university to study Chinese”，这说明Pauline Jones想去大学学习中文。
67．第二段明确提到“but now she’s living in Belize.”，这说明Pauline Jones现居住在伯利兹。
68．第二段明确提到“Pauline says, ‘I’m working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize.…’”，这说明Pauline Jones在伯利兹附近的海里救了珊瑚礁。
69．最后一段明确提到“When I finish my work, I want to stay here for three months.”，这说明当Pauline Jones完成工作后，她想在伯利兹待三个月。
70．第二段提到“Pauline’s friends all think she’s doing great. They want to, be a person like Pauline who cares about the environment.”，这说明Pauline Jones的朋友们认为她表现得很棒，是一个关心环境的好女孩。
71．例文
Protect Our Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage is very important for us. It is the treasure of our country and tells us our history.
We can do many things to protect it. First, we can visit museums to learn more about cultural heritage. Second, we can tell our family and friends the importance of protecting it. Third, we mustn’t damage any cultural relics when we visit them. If we all do our part, our heritage will last for future generations to enjoy. Start with small things.
Let’s take action together to protect our great cultural heritage.
【解析】写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：说明文（材料作文），以一般现在时为主
明确要点：说明文化遗产的重要性，介绍保护文化遗产的具体做法并发出倡议
确定人称：第一人称(we)
注意事项：要点完整不遗漏；语法拼写正确，句式通顺。
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段：点明文化遗产的重要性；
中间段：分点介绍保护措施；
结尾段：发出呼吁。
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：重要意义
cultural heritage/treasure of our country/tell us our history
要点二：保护做法
visit museums/learn about cultural heritage/tell others the importance/never damage cultural relics
要点三：行动意义
do our part/last for future generations/start with small things
要点四：呼吁倡议
take action together/protect cultural heritage
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