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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期中素养达标培优卷人教版（新教材）
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—Guess what I won the first prize in the competition.
—________
A．Well done! B．Be careful! C．Never mind! D．Thank you!
2．—________is the river in front of our house
—Just about 2 metres.
A．How high B．How deep C．How wide D．How long
3．—What did Ms Wang say just now
—She encouraged us to do lots of________before writing the report.
A．service B．progress C．research D．exercise
4．The Yellow Mountain is one of the greatest ________ in the world.
A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful D．wonderfully
5．You had better ________ early and get up early.
A．sleep B．to sleep C．sleeping D．slept
6．You ________ keep quiet in the library.
A．should B．may C．can D．would
7．The rain didn’t stop ________ late in the afternoon. We had to cancel our picnic plan.
A．after B．until C．when D．since
8．He dreams of ________ around the world one day to experience different cultures and customs.
A．traveling B．to travel C．travel D．traveled
9．Eating too much junk food may ________ your health.
A．harmful to B．do harm to C．be harm D．harm to
10．Please keep the book ________ because it is your ________ book.
A．own; yourself B．yourself; own C．own; own D．yourself; yourself
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
Clouds often appear in the 11 , but do you really stop to 12 at them Do you wonder about their names The activity is called cloud spotting (观云).
Ji Yun, born in 1987, is a cloud spotter in Beijing. He enjoys 13 about them, such as knowing their names according to their 14
Ji loves 15 deeply. He began to find out more about the beauty of clouds after taking some photos of an ice halo (冰晕). “I can’t stop myself from 16 them,” said Ji.
In October 2013, Ji got a(n) 17 from a friend. There were very 18 asperitas clouds (糙面云) in Beijing, and they were quickly going southeast. “ 19 I got the information, I rushed out of my home,” Ji said. 20 a second thought, he took a high-speed train to Tianjin. At that time, the trains weren’t as 21 as today’s.In the end, he 22 took photos of the clouds in Tianjin’s Wuqing area. The cloud was one of the world’s 23 10 rarest (罕见的) clouds.
Ji’s story made 24 popular. Around that time, he created some online groups to 25 the same love for clouds with fans. He said, “Can a cloud or an evening sky make you stop and look up If yes, please join us.”
11．A．land B．sky C．ocean D．desert
12．A．look into B．look for C．look up D．look down
13．A．learning B．bringing C．talking D．worrying
14．A．seasons B．time C．sizes D．shapes
15．A．nature B．music C．sport D．art
16．A．feeling B．discussing C．researching D．seeing
17．A．notice B．advice C．opinion D．message
18．A．dark B．special C．normal D．terrible
19．A．Before B．Until C．Unless D．As soon as
20．A．With B．Without C．At D．In
21．A．big B．long C．few D．common
22．A．quickly B．successfully C．carefully D．easily
23．A．famous B．beautiful C．top D．nice
24．A．him B．her C．you D．them
25．A．send B．tell C．write D．share
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Nature is all around us. It includes mountains, rivers, forests, and oceans. These natural landscapes are not only beautiful to look at, but also very important for our planet and for us humans.
Natural landscapes are home to countless plants and animals. The Amazon Rainforest, called the “lungs of the earth”, produces much of the oxygen we breathe. It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place.
Moreover, natural landscapes offer a great place for people to relax and get away from the busy city life. When we hike in the mountains, swim in the clear sea, or have a picnic in the forest, we feel a sense of peace. A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier. It also helps us focus better when we go back to our work or study.
But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees for wood or farms, and factories pour wastewater into rivers, making the water dirty. These actions destroy (破坏) wildlife’s homes. Without taking action, we’ll lose these treasures.
Protecting them is everyone’s job. We can start by reducing waste, using less water, and choosing products that are friendly to the environment. By doing these small things, we can help to keep our natural landscapes safe for future generations (一代).
Natural landscapes are valuable treasures. They give us clean air and a place to relax, and a home to wildlife. We should do everything we can to protect them.
26．Why is the Amazon Rainforest called the “lungs of the earth”
A．Because it is very large.
B．Because it produces much of the oxygen we need.
C．Because there are different animals there.
D．Because it is home to many plants.
27．What does the underlined word “diverse” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Different. B．Beautiful. C．Useful. D．Big.
28．According to the passage, what can spending time in nature do for us
A．It can make us feel stressed.
B．It can help us make more friends.
C．It can reduce stress and make us happier.
D．It can help us learn more about plants.
29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Natural landscapes are very beautiful.
B．People are destroying natural landscapes.
C．People should protect natural landscapes.
D．We should plant more trees to protect nature.
30．What does the writer want us to do
A．Spend more time in nature. B．Stop cutting down trees.
C．Protect natural landscapes. D．Build more nature parks.
B
Stepping into the home of Xiao Miao, a young designer, you will find a large collection of Disney plush toys (毛绒玩具) and lovely figures. She says these toys cheer her up easily. This is a rising social trend these days. Toys for adults are no longer uncommon, and more and more “kidults” buy them to find comfort in their busy lives. In China, people born after 1990 now take nearly 80 percent of the sales of plush toys.
This trend has led to the term “emotional (情绪的) value” and the “emotional economy”. People now buy products more for the feelings they bring than their practical use, and cute toys work as a cure for stress.
Seeing the trend, brands try to show care and understanding instead of just selling products. A great example is a recent ad for a car rental company. Instead of showing fast cars, the ad focused on real stories. It showed a graduate renting a car for their first road trip or attending a big job interview. By doing this, the brand makes the customer feel seen and respected.
However, shopping hardly brings lasting happiness. It only offers short-term joy and may cover up deeper problems such as loneliness. Experts believe real comfort comes from better social conditions, like better jobs and housing, rather than endless buying. Today’s young people are no longer fooled by marketing tricks and value sincere brands and real emotional connection most.
31．According to the passage, “kidults” buy toys to ________.
A．play with their young children
B．collect expensive toy figures
C．make their home look more beautiful
D．find happiness and comfort in their busy lives
32．The trend of ________ helps create the term “emotional economy”.
A．buying things with real uses B．buying things for feelings
C．showing care about the young D．making advertisements about fast cars
33．What does the car rental company’s ad want to do
A．To show how fast and nice its cars are.
B．To teach graduates to plan a road trip.
C．To make customers feel valued and respected.
D．To help people with job interviews.
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Better jobs may bring young people long-term happiness.
B．Today’s young people prefer products of famous brands.
C．Shopping can solve deep problems like loneliness.
D．Young people still easily believe in all kinds of marketing tricks.
35．In which part of a magazine can you most probably find this text
A．Sports. B．Society & culture.
C．Science. D．Education.
C
Screen Time and Teen Health
Do you spend hours every day looking at a phone, tablet, or computer You are not alone. Studies show that many teenagers spend more than 7 hours a day on screens. But too much screen time can be bad for your health in several ways.
First, too much screen time is bad for your eyes. Staring at a screen for a long time can cause dry eyes, headaches, and blurred vision (视力模糊). Eye doctors suggest the “20-20-20 rule”: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Second, screen time can affect your sleep. The blue light from screens makes your brain think it’s still daytime. This makes it harder to fall asleep. Experts suggest stopping screen use at least one hour before bedtime.
Third, too much screen time often means less physical activity. When you’re sitting and looking at a screen, you’re not running, jumping, or playing outside. Lack of exercise can lead to weight gain and other health problems.
Fourth, too much screen time may affect your mood. Some studies find that teenagers who spend a lot of time on social media are more likely to feel anxious or sad.
Does this mean you should stop using screens completely Of course not. Screens are useful for school, communication, and entertainment. The key is to find a balance. Set limits for yourself, take breaks, and make sure you spend time on other activities like sports, reading, or talking with family face to face.
36．How many health problems caused by too much screen time are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
37．What is the “20-20-20 rule” suggested for
A．To improve memory. B．To protect eyes.
C．To help sleep better. D．To control weight.
38．Why does screen time make it harder to fall asleep
A．Because screens make noise. B．Because screens are too bright.
C．Because blue light from screens tricks the brain. D．Because people play games before sleep.
39．What does the underlined word “balance” in the last paragraph mean
A．平衡 B．机会 C．优势 D．设备
40．What is the writer’s attitude towards using screens
A．Screens should be completely banned for teenagers. B．Screens are useless and harmful.
C．Screens are useful but need to be used wisely. D．Only social media is bad; other screens are fine.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
How to Relax in Your Free Time
Everyone needs to relax after working or studying for a long time. 41 They can help you feel better and get ready for new challenges.
First, doing outdoor activities is a great way to relax. You can ride a bike, go hiking, or play ball games with your friends. 42 It can help you forget about your worries.
Second, indoor activities are also good choices. 43 Listening to music, drawing pictures, or practicing calligraphy can make you feel calm and peaceful. These activities allow you to enjoy quiet time alone.
Third, learning something new can be relaxing too. 44 When you focus on learning, you may find that your stress goes away.
45 It is not only good for your body but also good for your mind. Remember, the key is to find something you truly enjoy and make time for it every day.
A．Outdoor activities let you breathe fresh air and enjoy nature.
B．It’s important to have a hobby that makes you happy.
C．You should always do your homework first before relaxing.
D．For example, you can try cooking, programming, or learning a musical instrument.
E．If you don’t like outdoor activities, you can stay at home.
F．Playing computer games all day is the best way to relax.
G．Having a proper balance between work and rest is important for everyone.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 46 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 47 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 48 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 49 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 50 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 51 first time. These plants included modern Western 52 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 53 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 54 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 55 (rich) of gardening in England.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空。
protect simple include they die southern alive climate because level
The United Nations set March 21, 2025 as the first World Day for Glaciers(冰川). The goal is to make people around the world 56 glaciers.
Glaciers are seen as important “water towers” 57 they store around 70% of the world’s fresh water. They offer fresh water to help countless lives stay 58
But now, glaciers are melting (融化) quickly because of 59 change, especially those in 60 regions (地区). The Alps and the Pyrenees lost 40% of 61 glacier volume (体积) from 2000 to 2023. This may cause the 62 of more ecosystems.
Melting glaciers can cause sea 63 to rise and lead to many disasters. For some areas, melting isn’t 64 bad for the water supply; it also has serious impacts on farming.
Therefore, we should take action to deal with climate change, 65 reducing greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and making more people realize the importance of glaciers. Let’s make the world a better place.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Everyone wants to write beautifully. And I love something special—Chinese calligraphy.
When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters with ink brushes. Later I came to learn about many Chinese calligraphers, such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty.
At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy. The teacher showed many of his calligraphy works. I told myself that I would practise hard and try to become as good as him.
At first, I followed the teacher carefully. As soon as the teacher wrote a character, I wrote the same one. Before long I could write many difficult characters. I was happy and believed that I was talented (有天赋的) in Chinese calligraphy.
However, after a year of learning, although I practised hard, the teacher pointed out some problems in my calligraphy. I thought it was just a way to improve my writing skills, but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides, I thought it was just about mimicry (模仿), but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart. He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write.
I’m not sure if I fully understood the teacher. But from then on, I spent more time thinking and practising my writing. I will continue practising and I hope one day I can know the essence (精华) of Chinese calligraphy.
66．Who got the writer interested in Chinese calligraphy in his early years
67．How did the writer feel about his progress in calligraphy
68．What did the teacher think of Chinese calligraphy
69．What did the teacher think a writer should do before writing
70．What is the passage mainly about
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom对自然奇观很感兴趣，他想了解中国的一处自然奇观。请你给他写一封信，介绍一处你最喜欢的中国自然景观（如黄山、张家界、九寨沟等）。
内容要点：
1.介绍这处自然景观的位置和特点；
2.描述它的独特之处（使用比较级或最高级）；
3.表达你对它的感受，并邀请他有机会来参观。
要求：
1.语句通顺，逻辑清晰；
2.不少于80词；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in natural wonders.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——猜猜发生了什么？我在比赛中获得了一等奖。——做得好！
Well done做得好，用于赞扬；Be careful小心，用于提醒；Never mind没关系，用于安慰；Thank you谢谢，用于致谢。根据“I won the first prize in the competition.”可知，说话人告知对方自己获奖的好消息，回应者应表示祝贺或赞扬。应回复Well done。
2．B
【解析】句意：——我们房子前的那条河有多深？——大约 2 米。
How high多高；How deep多深；How wide多宽；How long多长。根据答语“Just about 2 metres.”可知，此处是在描述河流的深度，因为河流的宽度和长度通常远大于 2 米，而深度是此类语境下的常见考查点。应填How deep。
3．C
【解析】句意：——王老师刚才说了什么？——她鼓励我们在写报告之前做大量的研究。
service服务；progress进步；research研究；exercise锻炼。根据“before writing the report”可知，写报告之前通常需要做大量的研究，do research意为“做研究”，符合语境。
4．B
【解析】句意：黄山是世界上最大的奇迹之一。
wonder奇迹；wonders奇迹；wonderful精彩的；wonderfully精彩地。根据“one of the greatest…”可知，此处考查固定结构one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，表示“最……之一”，因此空格处需填名词复数。
5．A
【解析】句意：你最好早睡早起。
sleep睡觉，动词原形；to sleep动词不定式；sleeping动名词；slept过去式。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，固定搭配，因此应填sleep。
6．A
【解析】句意：你在图书馆里应该保持安静。
should应该；may可以；can能；would将要。根据“keep quiet in the library”可知，在图书馆保持安静是公共秩序要求或建议，此处需用should表示“应该”。故选A。
7．B
【解析】句意：雨直到下午很晚才停。我们不得不取消野餐计划。
after在……之后；until直到……为止；when当……时候；since自从。根据“didn’t stop”可知考查“not...until...”固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”，符合语境。应填until。
8．A
【解析】句意：他梦想有一天环游世界，体验不同的文化和习俗。
根据“dreams of”可知，介词of后接动词的-ing 形式，固定搭配dream of doing sth. 意为“梦想做某事”。应填traveling。
9．B
【解析】句意：吃太多垃圾食品可能会损害你的健康。
may是情态动词，后接动词原形。harmful是形容词，不能直接跟在may后；do是动词原形，do harm to是固定搭配，符合语法和语境；C项结构错误；harm作动词时是及物动词，后不加to。应填do harm to。
10．B
【解析】句意：请你自己保管这本书，因为这是你自己的书。
第一空表示“你自己”保管，强调动作由主语完成，应用反身代词yourself；第二空位于物主代词your之后，构成固定搭配one’s own，意为“某人自己的……”，应用own。
11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．B 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文讲述一位观云爱好者Ji Yun，通过观察和拍摄云朵，分享对云朵的热爱，并创建网络小组与同好分享的故事。
11．句意：云常常出现在天空中，但你真的停下来观察过它们吗？
根据常识，云出现在“天空”中，应用“sky”。land“陆地”、ocean“海洋”、desert“沙漠”均不符。
12．句意：但你真的停下来仰望过它们吗？
观察云朵需抬头看，应用“look up”，强调动作方向。look into“调查”、look for“寻找”、look down“俯视”均不符。
13．句意：他喜欢了解它们，比如根据形状知道它们的名字。
根据后面“such as knowing their names…”，应该是喜欢“了解”云朵，应选“learning”。bringing“带来”、talking“谈论”、worrying“担心”均不符。
14．句意：比如根据形状知道它们的名字。
云朵名字常根据形状命名，应用“shapes”。seasons“季节”、time“时间”、sizes“大小”均不符。
15．句意：Ji Yun深爱自然。
云朵是自然现象，热爱云朵反映对“自然”的热爱，应用“nature”。music“音乐”、sport“运动”、art“艺术”均不符。
16．句意：“我忍不住研究它们。”Ji Yun说。
从前一句“He began to find out more about the beauty of clouds after taking some photos of an ice halo ”可知，应该是忍不住“研究”云，应选“researching”。feel“感觉”、discuss“讨论”、see“看”均不符语境。
17．句意：2013年10月，他收到朋友的通知。
后文提到糙面云信息，应是朋友告知，应用“message” (消息)。notice“通知”，advice“建议”、opinion“观点”都不合适。
18．句意：北京有非常罕见的糙面云，它们正快速向东南移动。
糙面云罕见，应用special“特殊的”，强调与众不同。dark“黑暗的”、normal“正常的”、terrible“可怕的”均不符。
19．句意：一得到消息，我就冲出家门。
强调动作迅速，应用“As soon as”意为“一……就……”，表示作者急迫的心情。Before“之前”、Until“直到”、Unless“除非”均不符。
20．句意：他毫不犹豫地坐高铁去天津。
根据上下文，他未多想就行动，应用“Without”。With“伴随”、At“在”、In“在……里”均不符。
21．句意：那时，火车不像今天这样常见。
过去火车不如现在普遍，应用“common” (常见的)。big“大的”、long“长的”、few“少的”均不符。
22．句意：最后，他成功拍到了天津武清区的云朵。
修饰动词“took”应用副词，前文提到交通还没有那么便利，应该是最后终于成功地拍到照片。应用“successfully” (成功地)。quickly“快速地”、carefully“仔细地”、easily“容易地”均不符成功拍到云朵的语境。
23．句意：这朵云是世界上最罕见的云之一。
修饰“rarest” (rare“罕见的”最高级) 用“top”表示顶级的意思。famous“著名的”、beautiful“美丽的”、nice“好的”均不符。
24．句意：Ji Yun的故事让他出名。
故事使他受欢迎，应用“him”指代Ji Yun。her“她”、you“你”、them“他们”均不符。
25．句意：他创建了一些网络小组，与粉丝分享对云朵的热爱。
分享热爱，应用“share”。send“发送”、tell“告诉”、write“写”均不符。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然景观对于地球、动植物以及人类的重要价值，点明当下自然景观正遭受人为破坏的危机，呼吁每个人行动起来守护自然景观。
26．第二段提到：“The Amazon Rainforest, called the ‘lungs of the earth’, produces much of the oxygen we breathe.”。文中明确说明亚马逊雨林被称作“地球之肺”，是因为它能产生我们呼吸所需的大量氧气。
27．第二段提到：“It has millions of different species, some found nowhere else. The diverse plants also help to keep the soil in place.”。前文出现“different species（不同的物种）”，通过上下文同义线索可推断，diverse的含义为“不同的、多种多样的”。
28．第三段提到：“A recent study showed that spending time in nature can reduce stress and make us feel happier.”。文中直接点明身处自然之中可以帮助我们缓解压力、收获愉悦的心情。
29．第四段指出：“But natural landscapes are in danger. People cut down trees...factories pour wastewater into rivers...These actions destroy wildlife’s homes.”。本段核心讲述了人类的各类行为正在破坏自然景观、摧毁野生动物的家园。
30．文章尾段指出：“Natural landscapes are valuable treasures...We should do everything we can to protect them.”，结合全文内容可知，作者写作目的是呼吁大家尽己所能去保护自然景观。
31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文围绕当下成年人购买玩具慰藉身心的情感消费潮流展开，介绍了“情绪经济”的兴起与品牌的应对变化，同时点明：购物只能带来短暂快乐，真正长久的幸福感源自现实生活条件的改善与真诚的情感联结。
31．第一段提到“more and more ‘kidults’ buy them to find comfort in their busy lives.”说明了越来越多的“童心成年人”购买玩具，在忙碌的生活中寻找慰藉与快乐。
32．第二段开头提到“This trend has led to the term ‘emotional value’ and the ‘emotional economy’. People now buy products more for the feelings they bring than their practical use.”说明了人们购买商品更多是为了情绪感受，而非实用价值，这种为情感买单的趋势催生了情绪经济。
33．第三段提到了“By doing this, the brand makes the customer feel seen and respected.”，feel seen and respected同义替换为选项C里的feel valued and respected“感到被重视、被尊重”。
34．最后一段提到“real comfort comes from better social conditions, like better jobs and housing”，说明更好的工作可以带来长久的安心与幸福。
35．文章围绕成年人玩玩具、情感消费、社会新趋势展开讨论，属于社会与文化范畴，而非体育、科学或教育类内容。
36．B 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文介绍了屏幕时间对青少年健康的影响，包括其带来的健康问题及合理使用屏幕的建议。
36．文章从眼睛健康、睡眠、体力活动、情绪四个方面介绍了屏幕时间带来的健康问题。
37．文中提到Eye doctors suggest the “20-20-20 rule”，该建议是为了保护眼睛。
38．文中提到“The blue light from screens makes your brain think it’s still daytime. This makes it harder to fall asleep”，说明屏幕发出的蓝光会误导大脑，使人难以入睡。
39．根据上下文，作者建议既要合理使用屏幕，也要兼顾其他活动，因此“balance”的含义是“平衡”。
40．文中提到“Screens are useful for school, communication, and entertainment. The key is to find a balance”，表明作者认为屏幕是有用的，但需要明智地使用。
41．B 42．A 43．E 44．D 45．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种在空闲时间放松的方法，包括户外活动、室内活动、学习新事物等。
41．空前点明长时间工作学习后人人都需要放松，空后讲放松的作用，B选项“It’s important to have a hobby that makes you happy.”中的“a hobby”与后文的“They”指代一致，符合上下文逻辑。
42．根据前文“First, doing outdoor activities is a great way to relax.”及后文“It can help you forget about your worries.”可知，此处应继续介绍户外活动的好处，A选项“Outdoor activities let you breathe fresh air and enjoy nature.”符合上下文逻辑。
43．本段介绍室内放松活动，前文点明室内活动也是不错选择，E选项“If you don’t like outdoor activities, you can stay at home.”起到过渡作用，符合上下文逻辑。
44．根据前文“Third, learning something new can be relaxing too.”及后文“When you focus on learning, you may find that your stress goes away.”可知，此处应举例说明学习的内容，D选项“For example, you can try cooking, programming, or learning a musical instrument.”举例可尝试的新事物，贴合主题，承接上下文。
45．空后指出爱好对身心有益，故此处应总结全文，强调劳逸结合的重要性，G选项“Having a proper balance between work and rest is important for everyone.”符合上下文逻辑。
46．engineering 47．functional 48．to give 49．closed 50．walks 51．the 52．favourites 53．as 54．that 55．richness
【导语】本文介绍了Heatherwick工作室在Woolbeding Gardens建造的Glasshouse温室，讲述了其设计特点、丝绸之路花园的布局，以及丝绸之路对英国园艺的深远影响。
46．句意：最新的工程技术被应用来建造这个既实用又美观的防护性建筑。 空后为名词techniques，需用形容词修饰，engineer的形容词形式为engineering。
47．句意：最新的工程技术被应用来建造这个既实用又美观的防护性建筑。 空后为名词structure，需用形容词修饰，function的形容词形式为functional。
48．句意：这些萼片在温暖的日子里打开，为里面的植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“open”的目的是“give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air”，即to give。
49．句意：在寒冷的天气里，建筑保持关闭以保护植物。 stay为系动词，后接形容词作表语，close的形容词形式为closed。
50．句意：此外，温室周围的丝绸之路花园带领游客踏上一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。 句子主语为the Silk Route Garden，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，即walks。
51．句意：通过这条路线，丝绸和许多植物物种第一次来到英国。 “第一次”为固定搭配for the first time，序数词first前需加定冠词the。
52．句意：这些植物包括迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香等现代西方受欢迎的植物。 空前有Western修饰，后接名词复数，favourite的复数形式为favourites。
53．句意：这座玻璃屋是当代设计的一项伟大成就。 固定搭配stand as表示“作为……而存在”，应填as。
54．句意：在一条追溯丝绸之路足迹的小路尽头，这条路线将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带来，塑造了英国园艺的丰富内涵。 此处为定语从句，先行词为the Silk Route，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导。
55．句意：这条路线将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带来，塑造了英国园艺的丰富内涵。 定冠词the后接名词，rich的名词形式为richness。
56．protect 57．because 58．alive 59．climate 60．southern 61．their 62．death 63．level/levels 64．simply 65．including
【导语】本文主要通过介绍首个“世界冰川日”的设立，强调冰川的重要价值，揭示气候变化导致冰川融化带来的诸多危害，呼吁人们采取行动应对气候变化、保护冰川，以创造更美好的世界。
56．句意：设立这个日子的目的，是让全世界的人们都来保护冰川。make sb. do sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “让某人做某事”，结合语境，设立世界冰川日的目的是让人们保护冰川，所以用动词原形protect。故填protect。
57．句意：冰川被视为重要的“水塔”，因为它们储存了全球约70%的淡水资源。后面接句子“they store around 70% of the world’s fresh water”，解释冰川被视为重要“水塔”的原因，所以用“because”（因为）。故填because。
58．句意：冰川被视为重要的“水塔”，因为它们储存了全球约70%的淡水资源。stay是系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，live的形容词形式alive表示“活着的”，stay alive意为“存活”。故填alive。
59．句意：但如今，由于气候变化，冰川正在快速融化，尤其是南部地区的冰川。climate change是固定搭配，意为“气候变化”，这是冰川快速融化的主要原因。故填climate。
60．句意：但如今，由于气候变化，冰川正在快速融化，尤其是南部地区的冰川。regions是名词，前面需要形容词修饰，southern意为“南部的”，表示 “南部地区”。故填southern。
61．句意：在 2000 年到2023年间，阿尔卑斯山脉和比利牛斯山脉失去了它们40%的冰川体积。此处指代前面提到的阿尔卑斯山和比利牛斯山的冰川，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词glacier volume，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。
62．句意：这（冰川融化）可能会导致更多生态系统消亡。the+名词+of 是固定结构，die的名词形式death，表示“死亡、消亡”，指更多生态系统的消亡。故填death。
63．句意：冰川融化会导致海平面上升，进而引发许多灾害。sea level是固定搭配，意为“海平面”，海平面上升是冰川融化的典型后果。也可以用复数形式，“sea levels”，这里表示海平面上升。故填level/levels。
64．句意：对一些地区来说，冰川融化不仅仅会对供水系统造成负面影响，它还会对农业产生严重的冲击。此处需要副词修饰形容词bad，simple的副词形式simply意为“仅仅、只”，表示“融化不仅仅对供水有害”。故填simply。
65．句意：因此，我们应该采取行动应对气候变化，包括减少温室气体排放，以及让更多人认识到冰川的重要性。此处需要介词引出下文列举的措施，include的介词形式including意为“包括”，表示 “包括减少温室气体排放……”。故填including。
66．His grandparents. 67．He felt happy and confident. 68．He thought it was part of Chinese culture and a creation from the heart. 69．Think carefully about what he wants to show. 70．It’s mainly about the writer’s experience of learning Chinese calligraphy.
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者对中国书法的热爱以及学习书法的经历，包括受谁影响开始学习、学习过程中的感受、老师对书法的看法以及作者对书法学习的感悟等。
66．第二段提到“When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters with ink brushes.”，表明作者小时候喜欢看祖父母用毛笔写汉字，由此可知是祖父母让作者在早年对书法产生了兴趣，答案为原文直接信息。
67．第四段中“I was happy and believed that I was talented (有天赋的) in Chinese calligraphy.”表明作者对自己在书法方面的进步感到高兴且自信，这是对原文具体内容的直接提取。
68．第五段中老师指出“Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides...Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart.”，说明老师认为书法是中国文化的一部分，也是来自内心的创作，答案直接来源于原文。
69．第五段中老师提到“He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write.”，明确指出作者在开始书写前应该仔细思考想要表达的内容，这是原文中的具体表述。
70．文章整体围绕作者学习书法的经历展开，从受祖父母影响开始对书法感兴趣，到参加书法班学习，再到老师对书法的教导以及作者自己的感悟等，所以文章主要是关于作者学习书法的经历，答案需对文章整体内容进行概括总结。
71．例文
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in natural wonders. I’d like to introduce one of the most beautiful natural wonders in China—Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
It is located in the northwestern part of Hunan Province. The park is famous for its tall and strange mountains. Some of them are over 1,000 metres high. The views are more amazing than any pictures I have seen. The rocks look like animals, people, and even swords. There is also a long glass bridge that is one of the highest in the world.
I felt like I was in a fairyland when I visited it. I was truly amazed by the power of nature. If you come to China, I highly recommend you visit this wonderful place. I’m sure you will love it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文，用一般现在时和一般过去时
明确要点：自然景观的位置和特点、独特之处、感受
确定人称：第一人称（I）
注意事项：语句通顺，逻辑清晰，不少于80词
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：点明主题，表达想要介绍的自然景观
主体段：介绍自然景观的位置和特点、独特之处
结尾段：表达感受并邀请对方参观
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：自然景观
景观选择：Zhangjiajie National Forest Park/Jiuzhaigou等
位置描述：in the northwestern part of Hunan Province/in the northern part of Sichuan Province等
特点描述：tall and strange mountains/crystal-clear lakes等
独特之处：a long glass bridge that is one of the highest in the world/the tallest and most spectacular/the air here is fresher waterfalls等
要点二：表达感受
感受描写：felt like I was in a fairyland/was truly amazed by the power of nature/feel completely relaxed等
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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