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Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
　What's the main idea of the text？(　 )
A．How to adapt to the passage into adulthood.
B．How to face the challenges in the adult world.
C．The importance of responsibility and how to take it.
D．The meaning of success and how to achieve it.
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．Who is this speech probably given to (　 )
A．Students who are on the first day of a new term.
B．Students who are going to college.
C．Students who are at the age of 18.
D．Students who can't take responsibilities.
2．What's the responsibility according to the speaker？(　 )
A．A weight that burdens us.
B．A foundation that will support our future development.
C．An anchor of a ship.
D．A way to overcome careless and thoughtless behaviour.
3．What does taking responsibility mean for students according to the speaker？(　 )
A．Do their homework on time.
B．Accept their teachers' advice.
C．Work hard.
D．All of the above.
4．Why does the speaker tell the story of the “starfish boy”？(　 )
A．To show the little things can make a difference.
B．To demonstrate the influence of the little boy.
C．To introduce the “starfish boy” to us.
D．To liven things up.
(二)阅读表达
1．What are the consequences of not taking responsibility？(The answers may vary.)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2．What is the relationship between taking responsibility for yourself and taking responsibility for society？(The answers may vary.)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为演讲稿，由引言、主体和结束语三部分组成。语篇结构清晰，逻辑严谨，观点鲜明，情真意切。引言部分将演讲话题与听众关联起来，自然导入主题；主体部分在阐释青年应承担个体责任和社会责任的意义和内涵时，运用了类比、排比等修辞手法，以及举例子、讲故事、用引言等写作手法，增强了演讲的说服力和感染力，能吸引听众。阅读时应重点关注演讲稿的行文结构及写作手法。
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults, who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.
赏析：本句中的“grow( ...) into”意为“长成”，强调结果；grow up 则强调过程，表示“长大”。写作中多注意词汇内涵上的不同，灵活运用，令表达准确、到位。后半句中的“embrace”一词形象地表达了青少年准备迎接人生新阶段的心情。embrace有“欣然接受”之意。
2．Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you.
赏析：本句中的短语weigh on生动地表达了成为某人重担之意，起到了很好的表意效果。
[提能训练]　(选用上述词汇完成句子)
①It's these valuable experiences that ____________________ the person you are today.
正是这些宝贵的经历帮助你成长为现在的你。
②When these trees ____________________， how beautiful the scenery will be!
当这些树长大成林时，风景该(有)多美啊！
③We are ready to ____________________.
我们已准备好迎接信息时代的到来。
④The burden of guilt ____________________ his mind.
愧疚之情压得他透不过气来。
(二)赏句式之高　
Instead of being quick to blame others, analyse the problem, and if it is indeed your own fault, be ready to admit your mistake and then correct it.
赏析：介词短语Instead of being quick to blame others置于句首起到了强调的作用；后面“analyse the problem” “be ready to admit your mistake”以及“then correct it”三个祈使句的使用令表达更为简洁、有力，同时起到了很好的警醒作用。
(三)赏修辞之功　
1．A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
赏析：此处使用了类比的修辞手法，即借助类似的事物(无锚之船)的特征刻画突出本体事物(没有责任感的人)的特征，更浅显形象地帮助读者加深对本体事物的理解。
2．This way, you practise ...Always give your best ...This way, you practise ...Be honest ...This way, you practise ...Taking responsibility ...
赏析：此处运用了平行结构，采用这种手法不但令句子结构紧凑、协调对称、逻辑性强，而且体现了丰富的情感和韵味。
3．For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to ...Reporting a speeding car helps ...Being energy－efficient leads to ...Doing volunteer work at a local nursing home brings ...
赏析：此处以For example引出了四个具体事例，来说明具体什么是“the little things”，增强了文章的说服力，使观点表述得更为清晰，更有利于读者接受。同时，动名词作主语的排比句，读起来节奏感强，增强了文章的表达效果和气势。
4．However, just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good－for－nothing if not carved.”
赏析：此处作者引用了一句谚语“玉不琢，不成器”来进一步解释自己的观点。在写作中引用谚语、格言、警句、诗词名句等，可以使文章语言精练，含蓄典雅。
[提能训练]
　(运用上述修辞手法完成下列句子及语段)
①Appropriate praise is to a child what __________________________.
恰当的赞扬对孩子的作用就像太阳对于花朵的作用一样。
②Two people become friends easily when they share some common points, for example, loving the same sports, ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
两个人如果有一些共同点就很容易成为朋友，比如，喜欢同样的运动，在同一所学校就读或者住在同一个社区。
③Observation is a way for us to understand the appearance of things, ________________________________________， and a key to our understanding of things.
观察是我们了解事物表象的一种方法，是我们接触真相的一种手段，也是我们了解事物的关键。
④When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most.________________________， listening to the adults chatting about their year.I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen, ____________________.
小时候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜饭。那时我会在家里跑来跑去，听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。我还会缠着在厨房做饭的妈妈，看她包饺子。
Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 　
(一)①understand　②responsible　③foundation　④daily life　⑤virtues
(二)C
精读课文，完成以下学习任务 　
(一)1～4　CBDA
(二)1.Not taking responsibility may lead to relationship problems among people.At school or work, individuals may not be considered reliable enough to be team players or be placed in leadership roles.Irresponsibility clearly has a butterfly effect not only on people who are being irresponsible, but also on those around them.
2．Society is an organic whole that is made up of individuals.We，as individuals，inevitably have a give－and－take relationship with society as a whole.In this relationship, our role is for every one of us to take responsibility for our own actions — to avoid careless and thoughtless behaviour.In doing so, our society will become better and in turn benefit every individual.When we give，we also receive, and vice versa.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①have helped you grow into　②grow into a forest
③embrace the information age　④weighed heavily on
(三)①the sun is to a flower
②studying in the same school or living in the same neighbourhood
③a means for us to get in touch with the truth
④I would run around the house; watching her make dumplings(共69张PPT)
Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”
的课文习读环节
目 录
NO.1 课文阅读理解
NO.2 课文写法借鉴
课时检测
课文阅读理解
NO.1
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
understand
responsible
foundation
daily life
virtues
(二)把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．How to adapt to the passage into adulthood.
B．How to face the challenges in the adult world.
C．The importance of responsibility and how to take it.
D．The meaning of success and how to achieve it.
√
(一)阅读理解
1．Who is this speech probably given to
A．Students who are on the first day of a new term.
B．Students who are going to college.
C．Students who are at the age of 18.
D．Students who can't take responsibilities.
√
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
2．What's the responsibility according to the speaker
A．A weight that burdens us.
B．A foundation that will support our future development.
C．An anchor of a ship.
D．A way to overcome careless and thoughtless behaviour.
√
3．What does taking responsibility mean for students according to the speaker
A．Do their homework on time.
B．Accept their teachers' advice.
C．Work hard.
D．All of the above.
√
4．Why does the speaker tell the story of the “starfish boy”？
A．To show the little things can make a difference.
B．To demonstrate the influence of the little boy.
C．To introduce the “starfish boy” to us.
D．To liven things up.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．What are the consequences of not taking responsibility？(The answers may vary.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Not taking responsibility may lead to relationship problems among people.At school or work, individuals may not be considered reliable enough to be team players or be placed in leadership roles.Irresponsibility clearly has a butterfly effect not only on people who are being irresponsible, but also on those around them.
2．What is the relationship between taking responsibility for yourself and taking responsibility for society？(The answers may vary.)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Society is an organic whole that is made up of individuals.We，as individuals，inevitably have a give－and－take relationship with society as a whole.In this relationship, our role is for every one of us to take responsibility for our own actions — to avoid careless and thoughtless behaviour.In doing so, our society will become better and in turn benefit every individual.When we give，we also receive, and vice versa.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升| 　
本文的语篇类型为演讲稿，由引言、主体和结束语三部分组成。语篇结构清晰，逻辑严谨，观点鲜明，情真意切。引言部分将演讲话题与听众关联起来，自然导入主题；主体部分在阐释青年应承担个体责任和社会责任的意义和内涵时，运用了类比、排比等修辞手法，以及举例子、讲故事、用引言等写作手法，增强了演讲的说服力和感染力，能吸引听众。阅读时应重点关注演讲稿的行文结构及写作手法。
课文写法借鉴
NO.2
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults, who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.
赏析：本句中的“grow( ...) into”意为“长成”，强调结果；grow up 则强调过程，表示“长大”。写作中多注意词汇内涵上的不同，灵活运用，令表达准确、到位。后半句中的“embrace”一词形象地表达了青少年准备迎接人生新阶段的心情。embrace有“欣然接受”之意。
2．Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you.
赏析：本句中的短语weigh on生动地表达了成为某人重担之意，起到了很好的表意效果。
[提能训练]　(选用上述词汇完成句子)
①It's these valuable experiences that ________________________
the person you are today.
正是这些宝贵的经历帮助你成长为现在的你。
②When these trees _________________, how beautiful the scenery will be!
当这些树长大成林时，风景该(有)多美啊！
have helped you grow into
grow into a forest
③We are ready to ___________________________.
我们已准备好迎接信息时代的到来。
④The burden of guilt __________________ his mind.
愧疚之情压得他透不过气来。
embrace the information age
weighed heavily on
(二)赏句式之高　
Instead of being quick to blame others, analyse the problem, and if it is indeed your own fault, be ready to admit your mistake and then correct it.
赏析：介词短语Instead of being quick to blame others置于句首起到了强调的作用；后面“analyse the problem” “be ready to admit your mistake”以及“then correct it”三个祈使句的使用令表达更为简洁、有力，同时起到了很好的警醒作用。
(三)赏修辞之功　
1．A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
赏析：此处使用了类比的修辞手法，即借助类似的事物(无锚之船)的特征刻画突出本体事物(没有责任感的人)的特征，更浅显形象地帮助读者加深对本体事物的理解。
2．This way, you practise ...Always give your best ...This way, you practise ...Be honest ...This way, you practise ...Taking responsibility ...
赏析：此处运用了平行结构，采用这种手法不但令句子结构紧凑、协调对称、逻辑性强，而且体现了丰富的情感和韵味。
3．For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to ...Reporting a speeding car helps ...Being energy－efficient leads to ...Doing volunteer work at a local nursing home brings ...
赏析：此处以For example引出了四个具体事例，来说明具体什么是“the little things”，增强了文章的说服力，使观点表述得更为清晰，更有利于读者接受。同时，动名词作主语的排比句，读起来节奏感强，增强了文章的表达效果和气势。
4．However, just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good－for－nothing if not carved.”
赏析：此处作者引用了一句谚语“玉不琢，不成器”来进一步解释自己的观点。在写作中引用谚语、格言、警句、诗词名句等，可以使文章语言精练，含蓄典雅。
[提能训练]
　(运用上述修辞手法完成下列句子及语段)
①Appropriate praise is to a child what ____________________.
恰当的赞扬对孩子的作用就像太阳对于花朵的作用一样。
the sun is to a flower
②Two people become friends easily when they share some common points, for example, loving the same sports, __________________________
______________________________.
两个人如果有一些共同点就很容易成为朋友，比如，喜欢同样的运动，在同一所学校就读或者住在同一个社区。
studying in the same school or
living in the same neighbourhood
③Observation is a way for us to understand the appearance of things, ________________________________________, and a key to our understanding of things.
观察是我们了解事物表象的一种方法，是我们接触真相的一种手段，也是我们了解事物的关键。
a means for us to get in touch with the truth
④When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most. ____________________________, listening to the adults chatting about their year.I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen, ____________________________.
小时候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜饭。那时我会在家里跑来跑去，听大人们闲聊他们这一年的情况。我还会缠着在厨房做饭的妈妈，看她包饺子。
I would run around the house
watching her make dumplings
课时检测
(标 语篇配有教师讲评课件)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Sarah Wishnia received a smartphone from her daughter, she didn't even know how to open the thing.Max Rosenblum showed her how to socialize on social media apps and how to shop online with her new device.
Max, 16, a rising junior in Florida, began offering his tech coaching for seniors at The Palace and at The Palms in Weston more than a year ago, after he helped his grandmother with her smartphone.
That experience inspired him and his parents.They reached out to a connection at The Palace at Coral Gables and launched a website: .His students are residents of The Palace at Coral Gables, octogenarians (八旬老人) fascinated by technology and eager to learn about this brave new frontier.
Though a class might appear to be more convenient, Max found out that group sessions simply didn't work.“People are at different levels，” he said.“It is much better to give them individual help.”
All his students, regardless of age or skill, are motivated by the power of technology to connect.They want to stay in touch — and see — children and great－grandchildren who live elsewhere.They come with their notepads, laptops and smartphones in hopes of learning how to use them, such as getting on the Internet, sending emails and so on.
The best part of giving up a weekend day Watching the pleasure someone gets when he or she sees a faraway relative on the screen.“One woman hadn't seen her sister in years and she learned to use video－chat，” he recalled.Max admits that teaching older adults the complicated details of something has made him a more responsible and patient person, but he figures he's also paying it forward.
“Maybe when I'm 87 and there's new technology，” he said, “somebody will teach me, too.”
语篇解读：：本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕Max Rosenblum教老年人使用智能设备展开，详细叙述了事情的起因、经过和结果，鼓励更多人参与到帮助老年人适应数字时代的行动中来。
1．What happened to Sarah when she received a smartphone from her daughter
A．She had no interest in opening it.
B．She had no idea how to use it.
C．She felt quite disappointed with it.
D．She showed it to Max Rosenblum.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Sarah Wishnia received a smartphone from her daughter, she didn't even know how to open the thing.”可知，Sarah收到女儿送的智能手机时不知道怎么打开，也就是不知道如何使用。
2．What inspired Max to begin teaching seniors to use smart devices
A．The reward for helping the senior residents.
B．The need to practice using new technology.
C．The desire to help those who were in need.
D．The experience of teaching his grandmother.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容及第三段中“That experience inspired him and his parents.”可知，帮助祖母使用智能设备的经历激励了Max教老年人使用智能设备。
3．Why didn't Max teach all his students as a class
A．The senior students were unwilling to be taught as a class.
B．He had no such experience to teach many people at the same time.
C．It was better to give distinctive help owing to their different levels.
D．There was not a suitable place for them to attend class as a whole.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘People are at different levels，’ he said.‘It is much better to give them individual help.’ ”可知，因为人们的水平不同，所以最好给予每个人不同的帮助。
√
4．How did Max find his act of teaching older adults
A．It was unsatisfactory.　 B．It was effortless.
C．It was rewarding. D．It was demanding.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Watching the pleasure someone gets when he or she sees a faraway relative on the screen.”及“Max admits that teaching older adults the complicated details of something has made him a more responsible and patient person, but he figures he's also paying it forward.”可知，Max认为教老年人使用智能设备让他变得更有责任感和耐心，并且看到老年人通过他的教导与远方亲人联系上的快乐，他觉得自己的付出是值得的。
B(★)
We often hear such statements：“I spilled juice, but it wasn't my fault.”“I got in trouble at school, but it wasn't my fault.” or “I was in a car accident, but it wasn't my fault.” That “It's not my fault” is a natural response for so many people, especially teenagers.
Parents complain they are tired of the “excuse”．The reason why variations of “It's not my fault” are so popular is that it lets us off the hook with guilt and blame.I'm a fan of not taking responsibility for things that I can't control.Teens who often say “It's my fault” when something bad happens tend to be highly self－critical and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression.
While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself, many teens often rely on “It's not my fault”．When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault.The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle.No one wins.A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase.
Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives.This sense has been shown to cause low motivation.Besides creating feelings of lack of ability, overuse of “It's not my fault” focuses a teen's attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.
People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway.The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake.One can certainly stay in water, yelling, “It's not my fault.” However, that won't get him out of water.He needs to swim to the shore, regardless of the fault.
If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens, you can help them avoid dependence on “It's not my fault”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。青少年经常说“不是我的错”，作者分析了其原因、危害及父母应该如何引导孩子承担责任。
5．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A．The teenagers' dislike for school life.
B．The common trouble faced by teenagers.
C．The reasons for blaming others for accidents.
D．The tendency to be irresponsible for the mess in life.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者通过列举生活中的例子来说明，“不是我的错”是很多人尤其是青少年的普遍反应。由此可推知，第一段主要描述了人们有在自己生活中出现麻烦时推脱自己责任的倾向。
6．What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure
A．Those allowing others to find excuses.
B．Those lacking confidence and ambition.
C．Those unable to get along well with others.
D．Those often blaming themselves for incidents.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，那些总是把责任往自己身上揽，指责自己的人更容易产生心理压力。
7．What's the author's attitude to parents' usual way of guiding children
A．Negative.　　　　　　 B．Supportive.
C．Ambiguous. D．Neutral.
√
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle.”可知，作者不赞同父母平常引导孩子的做法。
8．What can we learn from the text
A．We should avoid troubling others.
B．We should focus on how to solve problems.
C．We should dare to point out others' mistakes.
D．We should be self－critical as much as possible.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway.”可知，我们应该将注意力放在如何解决问题上。
C
An about 2－meter－wide alley, or “Liu Chi Xiang” in Chinese, now attracts floods of visitors in east China's Anhui Province.It has a household's ancient story hidden behind it, which vividly explains the essence of tolerance (宽容) and non－contention widely accepted in China.
During the Period of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, one of his ministers, Zhang Ying, received a letter from his hometown of Tongcheng City in Anhui one day.From the letter, Zhang learned that his family quarreled with their neighbor, Wu's family, over the two sides' house boundary.The local court struggled to reach a final judgement since both families enjoyed high reputation in Tongcheng.
Zhang's family wrote the letter hoping that Zhang, a high－ranking official in the imperial palace, could force the Wu family to give in.However, Zhang wrote a poem back saying, “Writing a letter from home, miles away, just for a wall.All that argument over one meter or two.Looking at the ten－thousand－mile long Great Wall, long gone is its builder Emperor Qinshihuang.”
His reply enlightened the family members as the wall was merely a temporary structure.It was the close relationship with their neighbors that mattered.
They decided to move their wall about one meter back for their neighbor.In turn, the Wu family was deeply touched by their generosity and retreated another meter backward in building their wall.It created an about two－meter－wide narrow “alley” between the houses.
More than 30 decades later in modern China, Tongcheng has become a national historical and cultural city, a statement released by the State Council said on Nov.12.
Among all the valuable historical sites in the city, the narrow alley is one of the popular attractions.It serves as enlightenment, inspiring people to observe public morals and cherish harmony, especially in disagreements and conflicts.
Many locals still live in tiny houses next to each other and share walls with their neighbors.Some problems like noise and division of responsibility when it comes to a broken wall are commonplaces.About 98 percent are successfully handled thanks to the virtues of modesty and harmony rooted in the local culture.
语篇解读：：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六尺巷的故事，以及其中诠释的“宽容和谦让”的中华美德及其对后世的影响。
9．What can we know about “Liu Chi Xiang”？
A．It shows a traditional virtue.
B．It was built by Emperor Kangxi.
C．It was used to memorize Zhang Ying.
D．It is as well－known as the Great Wall.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It has a household's ancient story hidden behind it, which vividly explains the essence of tolerance and non－contention widely accepted in China.”可知，六尺巷承载着宽容和谦让的中华传统美德。
10．What did Zhang Ying want to express in the poem
A．He supported his family to go to court.
B．He advised his family never to give in to their neighbors.
C．He wanted his family to build a great wall between the houses.
D．He expected his family to keep a good relationship with their neighbors.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was the close relationship with their neighbors that mattered.”可知，张英希望家族与邻居和睦相处。
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph
A．Zhang Ying's story has an impact on the local culture.
B．A narrow alley between the houses is a must.
C．Modesty is useless in disputes and conflicts.
D．People in Tongcheng live in tiny houses.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“About 98 percent are successfully handled thanks to the virtues of modesty and harmony rooted in the local culture.”可知，六尺巷的故事体现出的“宽容和谦让”的处世哲学对当地的民风有着潜移默化的影响。
12．What might be the best title for the text
A．One wall, one family
B．No fight, no union
C．Narrow alley, broad minds
D．Clear boundary, peaceful life
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后两段可知，六尺巷成为受欢迎的景点，时时提醒人们要肯谦让、胸襟宽、格局大。故C项“巷道窄，心胸宽”适合作文章标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
We youngsters believe that our responsibilities to the country begin only when we enter the workforce. This is because we consider ourselves as helpless to do anything at that time. __13__
Raise awareness of important social issues in the country. The voice of the young can make itself heard in areas like education, pollution and health care. These are issues that directly influence our lives and should be taken notice of by us. __14__
Support the community by actively participating in volunteering. Volunteers are always needed to assist old people's homes and other charity organizations. __15__ Simple things like cleaning the house, entertaining or listening to the elderly, or making voice recordings for the visually disabled are all within our reach and far more significant than shopping or hanging out at shopping malls.
Participate in various activities that promote our environment. Planting new plants and trees to minimize pollution and create a clean environment in which to live. __16__ Using one－off materials, such as plastic bags and lunch boxes, also causes burden to nature. We should avoid these and many other similar behaviors if we want to see a better environment.
__17__ There are many things we cannot do right now, such as influence public policies, but we may prepare ourselves to be ready when the time comes for us to contribute. A significant amount of time and money has been invested in developing us as young leaders of the future, and we must not ignore our responsibilities. In the end, taking on our responsibilities to our society is a big step in helping to improve life in our country.
A．Get well prepared for any possibilities.
B．Invest time and money to ensure a better future.
C．Other efficient strategies include not littering in the streets.
D．As a result, we postpone any duty until we enter the workplace.
E．But we should realize that there are roles we may play at the moment.
F．Thus, by providing our services regularly, we are promoting a caring culture.
G．By showing that we care about our society，we can better ourselves and our country.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了年轻人应该为社会承担的责任。
13．解析：选E　上文提到，年轻人总以为，对国家尽责是从踏入职场才开始的。故E项“但我们应意识到，当下就能发挥作用”与上文构成转折关系，且能引出下文列举的具体行动，符合语境。
14．解析：选G　上文列举了能让年轻人发挥作用的一些议题，并提到这些直接影响生活的议题值得我们主动关注。故G项“通过展现社会关怀，我们既能提升自我又能助力国家”承接上文，符合语境。
15．解析：选F　上文建议参加志愿服务，帮助养老院和其他慈善机构。故F项“因此，我们定期提供服务，就是在推广互助文化”承接上文，符合语境。F项中的“providing our services”与上文中的“volunteering”相呼应。
16．解析：选C　本段主要讲要参加各种活动，创造干净的生活环境，且上下文列举了具体的例子。故C项“其他有效措施包括不在街头乱扔垃圾”承上启下，符合语境。
17．解析：选A　下文说明虽然有些事情年轻人现在不能做，但可以为将来做好准备。故A项“为各种可能性做好充分准备”能概括本段主要内容，适合作为小标题。UNIT 1　课时检测(五)　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Sarah Wishnia received a smartphone from her daughter, she didn't even know how to open the thing.Max Rosenblum showed her how to socialize on social media apps and how to shop online with her new device.
Max, 16, a rising junior in Florida, began offering his tech coaching for seniors at The Palace and at The Palms in Weston more than a year ago, after he helped his grandmother with her smartphone.
That experience inspired him and his parents.They reached out to a connection at The Palace at Coral Gables and launched a website: .His students are residents of The Palace at Coral Gables, octogenarians (八旬老人) fascinated by technology and eager to learn about this brave new frontier.
Though a class might appear to be more convenient, Max found out that group sessions simply didn't work.“People are at different levels，” he said.“It is much better to give them individual help.”
All his students, regardless of age or skill, are motivated by the power of technology to connect.They want to stay in touch — and see — children and great－grandchildren who live elsewhere.They come with their notepads, laptops and smartphones in hopes of learning how to use them, such as getting on the Internet, sending emails and so on.
The best part of giving up a weekend day Watching the pleasure someone gets when he or she sees a faraway relative on the screen.“One woman hadn't seen her sister in years and she learned to use video－chat，” he recalled.Max admits that teaching older adults the complicated details of something has made him a more responsible and patient person, but he figures he's also paying it forward.
“Maybe when I'm 87 and there's new technology，” he said, “somebody will teach me, too.”
1．What happened to Sarah when she received a smartphone from her daughter
A．She had no interest in opening it.
B．She had no idea how to use it.
C．She felt quite disappointed with it.
D．She showed it to Max Rosenblum.
2．What inspired Max to begin teaching seniors to use smart devices
A．The reward for helping the senior residents.
B．The need to practice using new technology.
C．The desire to help those who were in need.
D．The experience of teaching his grandmother.
3．Why didn't Max teach all his students as a class
A．The senior students were unwilling to be taught as a class.
B．He had no such experience to teach many people at the same time.
C．It was better to give distinctive help owing to their different levels.
D．There was not a suitable place for them to attend class as a whole.
4．How did Max find his act of teaching older adults
A．It was unsatisfactory.　 B．It was effortless.
C．It was rewarding. D．It was demanding.
B()
We often hear such statements：“I spilled juice, but it wasn't my fault.”“I got in trouble at school, but it wasn't my fault.” or “I was in a car accident, but it wasn't my fault.” That “It's not my fault” is a natural response for so many people, especially teenagers.
Parents complain they are tired of the “excuse”．The reason why variations of “It's not my fault” are so popular is that it lets us off the hook with guilt and blame.I'm a fan of not taking responsibility for things that I can't control.Teens who often say “It's my fault” when something bad happens tend to be highly self－critical and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression.
While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself, many teens often rely on “It's not my fault”．When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault.The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle.No one wins.A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase.
Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives.This sense has been shown to cause low motivation.Besides creating feelings of lack of ability, overuse of “It's not my fault” focuses a teen's attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.
People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway.The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake.One can certainly stay in water, yelling, “It's not my fault.” However, that won't get him out of water.He needs to swim to the shore, regardless of the fault.
If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens, you can help them avoid dependence on “It's not my fault”．
5．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A．The teenagers' dislike for school life.
B．The common trouble faced by teenagers.
C．The reasons for blaming others for accidents.
D．The tendency to be irresponsible for the mess in life.
6．What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure
A．Those allowing others to find excuses.
B．Those lacking confidence and ambition.
C．Those unable to get along well with others.
D．Those often blaming themselves for incidents.
7．What's the author's attitude to parents' usual way of guiding children
A．Negative.　　　　　　 B．Supportive.
C．Ambiguous. D．Neutral.
8．What can we learn from the text
A．We should avoid troubling others.
B．We should focus on how to solve problems.
C．We should dare to point out others' mistakes.
D．We should be self－critical as much as possible.
C
An about 2－meter－wide alley, or “Liu Chi Xiang” in Chinese, now attracts floods of visitors in east China's Anhui Province.It has a household's ancient story hidden behind it, which vividly explains the essence of tolerance (宽容) and non－contention widely accepted in China.
During the Period of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, one of his ministers, Zhang Ying, received a letter from his hometown of Tongcheng City in Anhui one day.From the letter, Zhang learned that his family quarreled with their neighbor, Wu's family, over the two sides' house boundary.The local court struggled to reach a final judgement since both families enjoyed high reputation in Tongcheng.
Zhang's family wrote the letter hoping that Zhang, a high－ranking official in the imperial palace, could force the Wu family to give in.However, Zhang wrote a poem back saying, “Writing a letter from home, miles away, just for a wall.All that argument over one meter or two.Looking at the ten－thousand－mile long Great Wall, long gone is its builder Emperor Qinshihuang.”
His reply enlightened the family members as the wall was merely a temporary structure.It was the close relationship with their neighbors that mattered.
They decided to move their wall about one meter back for their neighbor.In turn, the Wu family was deeply touched by their generosity and retreated another meter backward in building their wall.It created an about two－meter－wide narrow “alley” between the houses.
More than 30 decades later in modern China, Tongcheng has become a national historical and cultural city, a statement released by the State Council said on Nov.12.
Among all the valuable historical sites in the city, the narrow alley is one of the popular attractions.It serves as enlightenment, inspiring people to observe public morals and cherish harmony, especially in disagreements and conflicts.
Many locals still live in tiny houses next to each other and share walls with their neighbors.Some problems like noise and division of responsibility when it comes to a broken wall are commonplaces.About 98 percent are successfully handled thanks to the virtues of modesty and harmony rooted in the local culture.
9．What can we know about “Liu Chi Xiang”？
A．It shows a traditional virtue.
B．It was built by Emperor Kangxi.
C．It was used to memorize Zhang Ying.
D．It is as well－known as the Great Wall.
10．What did Zhang Ying want to express in the poem
A．He supported his family to go to court.
B．He advised his family never to give in to their neighbors.
C．He wanted his family to build a great wall between the houses.
D．He expected his family to keep a good relationship with their neighbors.
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the last paragraph
A．Zhang Ying's story has an impact on the local culture.
B．A narrow alley between the houses is a must.
C．Modesty is useless in disputes and conflicts.
D．People in Tongcheng live in tiny houses.
12．What might be the best title for the text
A．One wall, one family
B．No fight, no union
C．Narrow alley, broad minds
D．Clear boundary, peaceful life
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
We youngsters believe that our responsibilities to the country begin only when we enter the workforce. This is because we consider ourselves as helpless to do anything at that time. __13__
Raise awareness of important social issues in the country. The voice of the young can make itself heard in areas like education, pollution and health care. These are issues that directly influence our lives and should be taken notice of by us. __14__
Support the community by actively participating in volunteering. Volunteers are always needed to assist old people's homes and other charity organizations. __15__ Simple things like cleaning the house, entertaining or listening to the elderly, or making voice recordings for the visually disabled are all within our reach and far more significant than shopping or hanging out at shopping malls.
Participate in various activities that promote our environment. Planting new plants and trees to minimize pollution and create a clean environment in which to live. __16__ Using one－off materials, such as plastic bags and lunch boxes, also causes burden to nature. We should avoid these and many other similar behaviors if we want to see a better environment.
__17__ There are many things we cannot do right now, such as influence public policies, but we may prepare ourselves to be ready when the time comes for us to contribute. A significant amount of time and money has been invested in developing us as young leaders of the future, and we must not ignore our responsibilities. In the end, taking on our responsibilities to our society is a big step in helping to improve life in our country.
A．Get well prepared for any possibilities.
B．Invest time and money to ensure a better future.
C．Other efficient strategies include not littering in the streets.
D．As a result, we postpone any duty until we enter the workplace.
E．But we should realize that there are roles we may play at the moment.
F．Thus, by providing our services regularly, we are promoting a caring culture.
G．By showing that we care about our society，we can better ourselves and our country.
UNIT 1　课时检测(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕Max Rosenblum教老年人使用智能设备展开，详细叙述了事情的起因、经过和结果，鼓励更多人参与到帮助老年人适应数字时代的行动中来。
1．选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Sarah Wishnia received a smartphone from her daughter, she didn't even know how to open the thing.”可知，Sarah收到女儿送的智能手机时不知道怎么打开，也就是不知道如何使用。
2．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容及第三段中“That experience inspired him and his parents.”可知，帮助祖母使用智能设备的经历激励了Max教老年人使用智能设备。
3．选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘People are at different levels，’ he said.‘It is much better to give them individual help.’ ”可知，因为人们的水平不同，所以最好给予每个人不同的帮助。
4．选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Watching the pleasure someone gets when he or she sees a faraway relative on the screen.”及“Max admits that teaching older adults the complicated details of something has made him a more responsible and patient person, but he figures he's also paying it forward.”可知，Max认为教老年人使用智能设备让他变得更有责任感和耐心，并且看到老年人通过他的教导与远方亲人联系上的快乐，他觉得自己的付出是值得的。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。青少年经常说“不是我的错”，作者分析了其原因、危害及父母应该如何引导孩子承担责任。
5．选D　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者通过列举生活中的例子来说明，“不是我的错”是很多人尤其是青少年的普遍反应。由此可推知，第一段主要描述了人们有在自己生活中出现麻烦时推脱自己责任的倾向。
6．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，那些总是把责任往自己身上揽，指责自己的人更容易产生心理压力。
7．选A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle.”可知，作者不赞同父母平常引导孩子的做法。
8．选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway.”可知，我们应该将注意力放在如何解决问题上。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六尺巷的故事，以及其中诠释的“宽容和谦让”的中华美德及其对后世的影响。
9．选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It has a household's ancient story hidden behind it, which vividly explains the essence of tolerance and non－contention widely accepted in China.”可知，六尺巷承载着宽容和谦让的中华传统美德。
10．选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was the close relationship with their neighbors that mattered.”可知，张英希望家族与邻居和睦相处。
11．选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“About 98 percent are successfully handled thanks to the virtues of modesty and harmony rooted in the local culture.”可知，六尺巷的故事体现出的“宽容和谦让”的处世哲学对当地的民风有着潜移默化的影响。
12．选C　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后两段可知，六尺巷成为受欢迎的景点，时时提醒人们要肯谦让、胸襟宽、格局大。故C项“巷道窄，心胸宽”适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了年轻人应该为社会承担的责任。
13．选E　上文提到，年轻人总以为，对国家尽责是从踏入职场才开始的。故E项“但我们应意识到，当下就能发挥作用”与上文构成转折关系，且能引出下文列举的具体行动，符合语境。
14．选G　上文列举了能让年轻人发挥作用的一些议题，并提到这些直接影响生活的议题值得我们主动关注。故G项“通过展现社会关怀，我们既能提升自我又能助力国家”承接上文，符合语境。
15．选F　上文建议参加志愿服务，帮助养老院和其他慈善机构。故F项“因此，我们定期提供服务，就是在推广互助文化”承接上文，符合语境。F项中的“providing our services”与上文中的“volunteering”相呼应。
16．选C　本段主要讲要参加各种活动，创造干净的生活环境，且上下文列举了具体的例子。故C项“其他有效措施包括不在街头乱扔垃圾”承上启下，符合语境。
17．选A　下文说明虽然有些事情年轻人现在不能做，但可以为将来做好准备。故A项“为各种可能性做好充分准备”能概括本段主要内容，适合作为小标题。

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