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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第四章 代词
一、人称、物主、反身代词
人称代词 主格 宾格 口诀：动前主，动后宾，介后宾
我 I me We need water.
我们 we us Tom likes her.
你 you you
你们 you you
他 he him
她 she her
它 it it
TA们 they them
物主代词 我的 我们的 你的 你们的 他的 她的 它的 TA们的
形容词性
物主代词 my our your your his her its their
名词性
物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs
形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词
This is my book.= This is mine.
This is our book.= This is ours.
反身代词
我自己 myself 他自己 himself
我们自己 ourselves 她自己 herself
你自己 yourself 它自己 itself
你们自己 yourselves TA们自己 themselves
*固定搭配：
teach oneself自学
learn by oneself自学
by oneself 靠自己
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
help yourself 请自便
练一练：
例1. I left______umbrella at school. Can I use________
A. my; yours B. mine; yours
C. my; your D. mine; your
例2. My sister gives________a beautiful dress as a birthday gift.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
例3. I finish the work all by_______.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
二、指示代词
this这个 that那个 these这些 those那些
that：避免与前面单数名词重复（同类不同个）
those：避免与前面复数名词重复
① The weather in Beijing is colder than that of Fujian in winter.
② The books on the desk are better than those under the desk.
例4. The cost of renting a house in central Shanghai is higher than_______in any other area.
A. this B. that C. those D. them
* 特殊考点：this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方，例：
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking
你好！我是玛丽，你是杰克吗？
三、疑问代词
who谁（主格） whom 谁（宾格） whose谁的（所有格）
what什么 which 哪个
四、不定代词
2者 both either neither
都 之一 都不
3者及以上 all any none
都 任何 都不
例5.--Which one do you like, chocolate or cookie
--_______. My favourite is fruit.
A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Either
例6.--Wow! You have got so many skirts.
--But_______of them are in fashion now.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
例7.--When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening
--I don't mind.________time is OK.
Some B. Neither C. Either D. Both
1. I have two TV sets, but_____of them is good.
A. both B. none C. neither D. every
2. _____of us answered the phone, for we were all in the yard.
A. Either B. Neither C. All D. None
（二）every; each 每个
（1）each ≥2；后面可以+of
Each of us likes swimming.
Each person has hobby.
（2）every ≥3；后面不可以+of
Every apple is sweet.
（三）few 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数
little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词
有a表示 有一点儿; 没a表示 几乎没了
例8. We need to go shopping. There is___water left in the fridge.
（四） other 其他的 another 泛指，另一个
the other 两个中的另一个 others=other+名词复数
例9. The two girls are my friends. One is Lily, _______is Mary.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
例10. I don't this dress. Please get me_______ .
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
例11. We can't finish the task on time so we need______two days.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
（五） something某事、物 anything 任何事、物
nothing没有什么 everything 每件事
（六）some用于：肯定句和委婉疑问句
any用于：否定句和疑问句；起强调作用的肯定句
例12.—Would you like_____hot milk
—No, thank you. I am full and I don't want______.
1. Would you like______coffee
2. --I'd like______cakes.
--But I don't want ______sandwiches.
3.Why are there______books on the desk？
（七）many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词
例13. There are_____books in the library and_____juice in the fridge.
A. many; many B. much; many
C. many; much D. much; much
（八）相互代词
each other 互相（2者）
one another 互相（3者及以上）
（九）it用法总结
1. 作代词
（1）表示天气、气候
It is sunny/clear/fine today. 今天天晴。
表示时间
It is 7:00 now. 现在是七点。
表示距离
It is 5 miles from here to school.
2.作形式主语
（1）It takes/took sb. time to do sth.
做某事花费某人多长时间
It took me two hours to finish the homework.
我花两小时做完了作业。
（2）It is+形容词+to do sth. 做某事是......的
It is interesting to learn English. 学英语很有趣。
（3）It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是...的
It is important for us to learn English.
学英语对我们来说很重要。
*for引起的，主句中的形容词通常是表示事物的重要性、紧迫性、难易程度、安全性、频繁程度等，常见的形容词有：important重要的，impossible不可能的，dangerous危险的，difficult困难的
（4）It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.
It is stupid of you to make such a mistake.
你太蠢了，犯了这种错误。
*of引起的，主句中的形容词通常是表示逻辑主语的特征，指人的属性，常见的形容词有：brave勇敢的，nice有教养的，modest谦虚的，honest诚实的，lazy懒惰的，polite文明的，careless粗心的，foolish/silly/stupid愚蠢的
3.强调句
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
It was yesterday that I met him.
参考答案
第四章 代词
例1. A
例2. A
例3. D
例4. B
例5. B
例6. D
例7. C
例8. little
例9. D
例10. A
例11. A
例12. some, any
例13. C
补充练习
1. C
2. D
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