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Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
　　　(语法项目——复习名词性从句)
语境中体悟
I have drawn a conclusion ①that the secret to happiness is truly being grateful.This means at all times, particularly when things are not going well, being grateful will help you find the positives among the cloud of negatives.
Then I have realized something that I believe is ②how things work.Sometimes, things make us feel pain, in order to remind us ③that we still need to be grateful and ④that we need to have faith.Whenever you feel that you are encountering failure after failure, just try to remember ⑤that life resembles a roller coaster.
Failure is not bad.⑥What you should remember is ⑦that failure is normal.
[语法入门]
句①是that引导的同位语从句，作conclusion的同位语，解释conclusion的内容。
句②是how引导的表语从句。
句③和句④都是that引导的宾语从句，两个宾语从句是并列关系，作remind的宾语。
句⑤是that引导的宾语从句，作remember的宾语。
句⑥是what引导的主语从句，what表示“……的(事情)”。
句⑦是that引导的表语从句。
学案中理清
名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1．that引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。
2．whether/if引导的主语从句
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，连接词意为“是否”时，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
连接代词包括who、 whom、 whose、 what、 whoever、 whomever、 whatever等；连接副词包括when、 where、 why、 how、 whenever、 wherever、 however等。
4．it作形式主语的主语从句
有时为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①__________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out－of－this－world scenes.
②It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
③It is possible __________caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.
④__________ did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.
⑤It is often the case __________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
二、宾语从句----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1．that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略：
(1)当that从句作介词的宾语时；
(2)动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
2．whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
(1)宾语从句中直接与or not连用时，只能用whether；
(2)介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导；
(3)whether可与不定式连用。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
4．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)句中含有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后。常见的这类动词有find、 think、 consider、 believe、 guess、 suppose、 make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)hate、 like、 dislike、 appreciate、 enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to、 depend on、 rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely; about three－quarters of the time, they agreed.
②The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.
③What students do at college seems to matter much more than __________ they go.
④I'm not sure __________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
⑤The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
⑥I didn't understand __________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
三、表语从句-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
2．that和whether引导的表语从句
在表语从句中，that无词义，一般不能省略；whether意为“是否”。
3．as if/though引导的表语从句，有时可用虚拟语气
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if/ though a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整座城市，好像一条巨大的黑色毯子覆盖在它的上面。
4．because和why引导的表语从句
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is __________ they need an English trainer.
②This is __________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
③Without his support, we wouldn't be __________ we are now.
④He kept yawning in class this morning.That was __________ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night.
⑤The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is __________ one can be entirely free from dust.
四、同位语从句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
　同位语从句在句中作某一名词(news、 fact、 idea、 desire、 suggestion、 promise、 information等)的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词主要有that、 whether、 why、 who、 where、 how、 when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”，if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①There is evidence __________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
②The manager put forward a suggestion __________ we should have an assistant.
③There is no doubt __________ it is of great help to their study and future life.
④To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact __________I had paid for a single room.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.分析下面短文中的加黑词引导的是什么从句
What worries my classmate, Mary, a lot these days①is that she puts on too much weight and is frequently ill②.She has some doubts whether she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar③.Also, with the College Entrance Examination approaching, she becomes more stressful and she couldn't sleep well these days.Maybe this is also the cause that she becomes fatter these days④， she thinks.How she becomes slimmer and healthier⑤ has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she could get better suggestions and who will give her better advice⑥ also puzzle her.It is her parents' suggestion that she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital⑦.Professor Wang suggests that she keep a balanced diet first⑧.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber, vitamin and protein.What's more, if she wants to lose weight, she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang when she should take exercise⑨.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon because she will have more time to do sports.Thanks to Professor Wang, Mary has become much healthier now.
①为__________从句，What(＝The thing that)在从句中作主语。
②为__________从句，从句本身意思完整，不缺少任何句子成分。
③为__________从句，补充说明doubts的具体内容，因doubt (疑惑)的意思本身是不确定的，故由whether引导。
④为__________从句，说明the cause的具体内容。
⑤为__________从句，表示“如何变得苗条些和更健康些”，故用how引导，how在从句中作方式状语。
⑥为__________从句，表示去“哪里”咨询、向“谁”咨询，故分别用where和who引导。
⑦为__________从句，说明suggestion的具体内容，从句内容完整，不缺少任何句子成分。
⑧为__________从句，从句内容完整，不缺少句子成分。
⑨为__________从句，when在从句中作时间状语。
Ⅱ.用恰当的连接词完成下面语篇
It was reported ①__________ there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning.No one saw ②__________ on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck, but fortunately, nobody got injured.③__________ will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police were uncertain about ④__________ the driver was guilty.⑤__________ the police should do now is ⑥__________ they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because ⑦__________ the accident happened is not clear.Perhaps the reason was ⑧__________ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn't admit the fact ⑨__________ he was driving too fast at the turning.The police doubted ⑩__________ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
一、①What　②whether/if 　③that　④Whoever　⑤that
二、①whether/if　②what　③where　④who　⑤whoever　⑥why
三、①why　②what　③where　④because　⑤that
四、①that　②that　③that　④that
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.①主语　②表语　③同位语　④同位语　⑤主语　⑥主语　⑦同位语　⑧宾语　⑨宾语
Ⅱ.①that　②what　③Who　④whether　⑤What　⑥that
⑦how　⑧that　⑨that　⑩whether/if(共61张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
(语法项目——复习名词性从句)
目 录
NO.1 语法专题突破
课时检测
语法专题突破
NO.1
语境中体悟
I have drawn a conclusion ①that the secret to happiness is truly being grateful.This means at all times, particularly when things are not going well, being grateful will help you find the positives among the cloud of negatives.
Then I have realized something that I believe is ②how things work.Sometimes, things make us feel pain, in order to remind us ③that we still need to be grateful and ④that we need to have faith.Whenever you feel that you are encountering failure after failure, just try to remember ⑤that life resembles a roller coaster.
Failure is not bad.⑥What you should remember is ⑦that failure is normal.
[语法入门]
句①是that引导的同位语从句，作conclusion的同位语，解释conclusion的内容。
句②是how引导的表语从句。
句③和句④都是that引导的宾语从句，两个宾语从句是并列关系，作remind的宾语。
句⑤是that引导的宾语从句，作remember的宾语。
句⑥是what引导的主语从句，what表示“……的(事情)”。
句⑦是that引导的表语从句。
学案中理清
名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句　
1．that引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。
2．whether/if引导的主语从句
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，连接词意为“是否”时，只能用whether。若用it作形式主语，则whether与if可互换。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
连接代词包括who、 whom、 whose、 what、 whoever、 whomever、 whatever等；连接副词包括when、 where、 why、 how、 whenever、 wherever、 however等。
4．it作形式主语的主语从句
有时为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①_________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out－of－this－world scenes.
②It is not a problem ___________ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
What
whether/if
③It is possible ________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.
④_________ did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.
⑤It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
that
Whoever
that
二、宾语从句　
1．that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作成分，口语中一般可以省略，但下列情况下不能省略：
(1)当that从句作介词的宾语时；
(2)动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
2．whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
(1)宾语从句中直接与or not连用时，只能用whether；
(2)介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导；
(3)whether可与不定式连用。
3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
4．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)句中含有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后。常见的这类动词有find、 think、 consider、 believe、 guess、 suppose、 make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)hate、 like、 dislike、 appreciate、 enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to、 depend on、 rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely; about three－quarters of the time, they agreed.
②The student completed this experiment to make come true ____ Professor Joseph had said.
③What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
whether/if
what
where
④I'm not sure ______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
⑤The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
⑥I didn't understand ______ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.
who
whoever
why
三、表语从句　
1．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。
2．that和whether引导的表语从句
在表语从句中，that无词义，一般不能省略；whether意为“是否”。
3．as if/though引导的表语从句，有时可用虚拟语气
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if/ though a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整座城市，好像一条巨大的黑色毯子覆盖在它的上面。
4．because和why引导的表语从句
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ______ they need an English trainer.
②This is ______ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
why
what
③Without his support, we wouldn't be ______ we are now.
④He kept yawning in class this morning.That was ________ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night.
⑤The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ______ one can be entirely free from dust.
where
because
that
四、同位语从句　
同位语从句在句中作某一名词(news、 fact、 idea、 desire、 suggestion、 promise、 information等)的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词主要有that、 whether、 why、 who、 where、 how、 when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”，if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①There is evidence _____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
②The manager put forward a suggestion _____ we should have an assistant.
③There is no doubt____it is of great help to their study and future life.
④To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact _____ I had paid for a single room.
that
that
that
that
Ⅰ.分析下面短文中的加黑词引导的是什么从句
What worries my classmate, Mary, a lot these days①is that she puts on too much weight and is frequently ill②.She has some doubts whether she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar③.Also, with the College Entrance Examination approaching, she becomes more stressful and she couldn't sleep well these days.Maybe this is also the cause that she becomes fatter these days④， she thinks.How she becomes slimmer and healthier⑤ has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.
应用中融通
But where she could get better suggestions and who will give her better advice⑥ also puzzle her.It is her parents' suggestion that she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital⑦.Professor Wang suggests that she keep a balanced diet first⑧.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber, vitamin and protein.What's more, if she wants to lose weight, she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang when she should take exercise⑨.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon because she will have more time to do sports.Thanks to Professor Wang, Mary has become much healthier now.
①为______从句，What(＝The thing that)在从句中作主语。
②为______从句，从句本身意思完整，不缺少任何句子成分。
③为_______从句，补充说明doubts的具体内容，因doubt (疑惑)的意思本身是不确定的，故由whether引导。
④为_______从句，说明the cause的具体内容。
⑤为______从句，表示“如何变得苗条些和更健康些”，故用how引导，how在从句中作方式状语。
主语
表语
同位语
同位语
主语
⑥为______从句，表示去“哪里”咨询、向“谁”咨询，故分别用where和who引导。
⑦为________从句，说明suggestion的具体内容，从句内容完整，不缺少任何句子成分。
⑧为______从句，从句内容完整，不缺少句子成分。
⑨为______从句，when在从句中作时间状语。
主语
同位语
宾语
宾语
Ⅱ.用恰当的连接词完成下面语篇
It was reported ① _____ there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning.No one saw ② _____ on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck, but fortunately, nobody got injured. ③ _____ will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police were uncertain about ④ _______ the driver was guilty. ⑤ _____ the police should do now is ⑥ _____ they must find out what led to the accident.
that
what
Who
whether
What
that
They said it was difficult for them to judge because ⑦ _____ the accident happened is not clear.Perhaps the reason was ⑧ _____ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn't admit the fact ⑨ _____ he was driving too fast at the turning.The police doubted ⑩ ___________ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
how
that
that
whether/if
课时检测
(标★语篇配有教师讲评课件)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Whenever I talk about personality in relation to choosing a career, some people complain like this: Those tests are so stupid.When I was in sixth grade, I took one of them and it said that I should be a farmer.While I don't think I would be a very good farmer, the results are probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit.At the time, it seemed unreasonable — I hated the outdoors and physical activities.
Now, I think it might have had some points that fit my personality: I like planning (good for planning how to grow crops), working by myself (for those long days on an agricultural machine), and sometimes working on a team (for harvest time)．
Watch out for any personality test that claims (声称) to be able to tell you what your dream job is by the type of animal you'd like to be, or from your favorite breakfast food as a child.While there are many personality assessments that are accurate, I'd like to say that they are a second step.The best choice is self－assessment.
Before finding ways to know your work preferences, it's important to make a clear difference between liking a topic and liking the work.I once met a third－year marine (海洋的) biology student at a large state school in Ohio.He was placed into the Whale Watch program, where he found out that he became violently seasick on any kind of boat — a big disadvantage for a student who thought he wanted to study whales in the wild.
The best match is a career in which the major tasks of the work are the tasks you most enjoy doing and the topic is one of interests.If that career doesn't exist, my advice would be to take the job where there is a skill match.In this way, you will succeed at the basic tasks of your job and perhaps become interested in it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系，并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“some people complain like this: Those tests are so stupid”可知，一些人认为通过个性测试来选择职业是不明智的。
1．What is some people's opinion on choosing a career through personality tests
A．It's possible to lead to career failure.
B．It's helpful only in a limited way.
C．It's unreasonable.
D．It's worth a try.
√
2．What does the author think of the personality test she took when she was young
A．She admits it forecasts her present job accurately.
B．She thinks it shows some part of her personality.
C．She finds it useless.
D．She has little interest in it.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the results are probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit”以及“I think it might have had some points that fit my personality”可知，作者认为该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The best choice is self－assessment.”可知，要想找到梦想的工作，只能通过自己；只有了解了自己，才能找到适合自己的工作。
3．What is the best way to know your dream job
A．Taking personality tests on your favorite things.
B．Doing accurate personality assessments.
C．Trying your dream job in practice.
D．Finding it out by yourself.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，这名学生晕船严重，因而不适合这项工作。
4．Why was the marine biology student unsuitable for his job
A．He disliked the job.
B．He felt sick travelling on a boat.
C．He was afraid of marine animals.
D．He knew little about his preferences.
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
“Thank you for your participation. But I'm sorry to tell you that you __5__ the interview.” I received the email two weeks after interviewing for a position. When I read it, I felt upset because I had spent hours making __6__ before the interview and in the end, I didn't even know why I didn't get through. “How can I __7__ my job search approach if I didn't even know what was wrong？” I thought.
The value of feedback (反馈) became obvious after I received another __8__ call months later, “__9__，we decided to offer the job to someone else.” Again I felt __10__. But the conversation wasn't over. “Would you like to hear the __11__ from us？” he asked.
Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly __12__ my motivation (动机) for applying for the position. The feedback was __13__ to hear, but I quickly realized he was right. I started to__14__ myself. Since my top consideration had been to find a position, I wasn't very __15__ about what I applied for. I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.
From then on, I carefully __16__ each job and only considered the ones that attracted me most. Soon the approach started to __17__ — I got a great offer. Years later, as an interviewer, I treat every interview as an important __18__：interviewees invest (投资) effort and in return, I will give them feedback. It is because without feedback, we are likely to make the same __19__ over and over again.
语篇解读：：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找到工作的经历。
解析：根据上文“I'm sorry to tell you”可推知，对方是遗憾地告诉作者，他面试失败了。
5．A.failed　　　　　　　 B．arranged
C．attended D．decreased
√
解析：根据下文“before the interview”可推知，作者是在面试前花了几个小时准备。
6．A.announcements B．remarks
C．preparations D．reservations
√
解析：上文提到作者求职失败、很沮丧，由此可知，作者是想调整自己的求职方法。
7．A.adjust B．pioneer
C．appoint D．describe
√
解析：根据下文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此作者接到的是拒绝电话。
8．A.defense B．invitation
C．request D．rejection
√
解析：根据下文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此对作者来说这是很不幸的。
9．A.Naturally B．Strangely
C．Unfortunately D．Smoothly
√
解析：根据上文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此没有得到工作的作者会感到失望。
10．A.disappointed B．nervous
C．relieved D．peaceful
√
解析：根据下文“Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly ________ my motivation for applying for the position.”可知，对方向作者解释了他们拒绝他的原因。
11．A.news B．story
C．reason D．result
√
解析：根据上文“I hadn't clearly”和下文“my motivation for applying for the position”可推知，作者在面试中没有清楚地表达自己申请这个职位的动机，因此被拒了。
12．A.lacked B．expressed
C．understood D．questioned
√
解析：根据上文“Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly_________my motivation for applying for the position.”可知，对方是直接指出了作者在面试中存在的问题，因此这种反馈会让人难以接受。
13．A.tough B．interesting
C．promising D．helpful
√
解析：根据下文“Since my top consideration had been to find a position, I wasn't very _________ about what I applied for.I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.”可知，作者对自己的求职思路和方法进行了反思。
14．A.care about B．reflect on
C．learn from D．depend on
√
解析：根据下文“I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.”可知，作者追求任何工作机会，只要它与自己的技能大致相符，因此是对自己申请的东西没有认真挑选。
15．A.hopeful B．selective
C．angry D．confused
√
解析：根据下文“only considered the ones that attracted me most”可知，作者变得只考虑最吸引自己的工作，因此是仔细评估每一份工作。
16．A.accepted B．evaluated
C．respected D．finished
√
解析：根据下文“I got a great offer”可知，作者得到了一份很棒的工作，说明他的方法开始奏效了。
17．A.develop B．form
C．work D．commit
√
解析：根据下文“interviewees invest effort and in return, I will give them feedback”可知，面试者付出努力，作为回报，作为面试官的作者会给他们反馈，因此作者是把每一次面试都当作一次重要的交易。
18．A.performance B．reference
C．routine D．trade
√
解析：根据上文“without feedback”可推知，在没有反馈的情况下，面试者很可能会一次又一次地犯同样的错误。
19．A.excuse B．promise
C．comparison D．mistake
√
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)(★)
In recent years, robots have taken China by storm and universities also want to catch the trend.They have introduced a chef robot to their school canteen __20__ (stop) students leaving the site.
The newly－come chef robot — complete with a white hat, a mask __21__ two knives — soon made a difference in South China Agricultural University.Huge __22__ (crowd) gathered to watch it perform, making knife－cut noodles at the canteen.
Feel confused about the term Actually, knife－cut noodles, also known __23__ Dao Xiao Mian, __24__ (be) a specialty of central China's Shanxi Province.Traditionally, Dao Xiao Mian is made by cutting a large block of noodle dough (生面团) at an angle and letting the __25__ (slice) pieces fall directly into a boiling pot of soup.The noodle－robot can __26__ (apparent) make 340 cuts per minute — guaranteeing the consistency of the noodles' __27__ (thick), China Daily reported.You can imagine __28__ delicious the noodles can be.
Student Zhang, from Shanxi Province, said the noodles appeared very popular, __29__ (add), “I feel this is not simply a bowl of noodles.It feels very interesting and very heartwarming.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华南农业大学推出的机器人刀削面厨师吸引了学生的关注，并获得了学生的好评。
20．to stop　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是have introduced，因此空处在句中作非谓语；又结合句意可知，引入机器人厨师是为了留住学生，空处表目的，故填to stop。
21．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“a white hat, a mask”和空后的“two knives”构成并列关系，故填and。
22．crowds　考查名词复数。crowd是可数名词，再结合语境“很多人聚在一起观看机器人厨师操作”可知，此处表示“人群”，需要用名词复数，故填crowds。
23．as　考查介词。be known as为固定搭配，意为“以……著称”，故填as。
24．are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句的主语是knife－cut noodles，为复数，故填are。
25．sliced　考查非谓语动词。空处修饰后面的名词 pieces，且slice与pieces为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填sliced。
26．apparently　考查副词。空处修饰后面的动词make，需要用副词，故填apparently。
27．thickness　考查名词。根据空前的“noodles'”可知，空处需要用名词，故填 thickness。
28．how　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句；再结合句意“你可以想象面条有多么美味”可知，空处是对delicious程度的修饰，故填how。
29．adding　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是said，因此空处在句中作非谓语，且与逻辑主语Student Zhang之间构成主谓关系，故填adding。UNIT 3　课时检测(三)　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Whenever I talk about personality in relation to choosing a career, some people complain like this: Those tests are so stupid.When I was in sixth grade, I took one of them and it said that I should be a farmer.While I don't think I would be a very good farmer, the results are probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit.At the time, it seemed unreasonable — I hated the outdoors and physical activities.Now, I think it might have had some points that fit my personality: I like planning (good for planning how to grow crops), working by myself (for those long days on an agricultural machine), and sometimes working on a team (for harvest time)．
Watch out for any personality test that claims (声称) to be able to tell you what your dream job is by the type of animal you'd like to be, or from your favorite breakfast food as a child.While there are many personality assessments that are accurate, I'd like to say that they are a second step.The best choice is self－assessment.
Before finding ways to know your work preferences, it's important to make a clear difference between liking a topic and liking the work.I once met a third－year marine (海洋的) biology student at a large state school in Ohio.He was placed into the Whale Watch program, where he found out that he became violently seasick on any kind of boat — a big disadvantage for a student who thought he wanted to study whales in the wild.
The best match is a career in which the major tasks of the work are the tasks you most enjoy doing and the topic is one of interests.If that career doesn't exist, my advice would be to take the job where there is a skill match.In this way, you will succeed at the basic tasks of your job and perhaps become interested in it.
1．What is some people's opinion on choosing a career through personality tests
A．It's possible to lead to career failure.
B．It's helpful only in a limited way.
C．It's unreasonable.
D．It's worth a try.
2．What does the author think of the personality test she took when she was young
A．She admits it forecasts her present job accurately.
B．She thinks it shows some part of her personality.
C．She finds it useless.
D．She has little interest in it.
3．What is the best way to know your dream job
A．Taking personality tests on your favorite things.
B．Doing accurate personality assessments.
C．Trying your dream job in practice.
D．Finding it out by yourself.
4．Why was the marine biology student unsuitable for his job
A．He disliked the job.
B．He felt sick travelling on a boat.
C．He was afraid of marine animals.
D．He knew little about his preferences.
Ⅱ.完形填空
“Thank you for your participation. But I'm sorry to tell you that you __5__ the interview.” I received the email two weeks after interviewing for a position. When I read it, I felt upset because I had spent hours making __6__ before the interview and in the end, I didn't even know why I didn't get through. “How can I __7__ my job search approach if I didn't even know what was wrong？” I thought.
The value of feedback (反馈) became obvious after I received another __8__ call months later, “__9__， we decided to offer the job to someone else.” Again I felt __10__. But the conversation wasn't over. “Would you like to hear the __11__ from us？” he asked.
Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly __12__ my motivation (动机) for applying for the position. The feedback was __13__ to hear, but I quickly realized he was right. I started to __14__ myself. Since my top consideration had been to find a position, I wasn't very __15__ about what I applied for. I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.
From then on, I carefully __16__ each job and only considered the ones that attracted me most. Soon the approach started to __17__— I got a great offer. Years later, as an interviewer, I treat every interview as an important __18__： interviewees invest (投资) effort and in return, I will give them feedback. It is because without feedback, we are likely to make the same __19__ over and over again.
5．A.failed　　　 B．Arranged C．attended D．decreased
6．A.announcements B．Remarks C．preparations D．reservations
7．A.adjust B．Pioneer C．appoint D．describe
8．A.defense B．Invitation C．request D．rejection
9．A.Naturally B．Strangely C．Unfortunately D．Smoothly
10．A.disappointed B．Nervous C．relieved D．peaceful
11．A.news B．Story C．reason D．result
12．A.lacked B．Expressed C．understood D．questioned
13．A.tough B．Interesting C．promising D．helpful
14．A.care about B．reflect on C．learn from D．depend on
15．A.hopeful B．Selective C．angry D．confused
16．A.accepted B．Evaluated C．respected D．finished
17．A.develop B．Form C．work D．commit
18．A.performance B．Reference C．routine D．trade
19．A.excuse B．Promise C．comparison D．mistake
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)()
In recent years, robots have taken China by storm and universities also want to catch the trend.They have introduced a chef robot to their school canteen 20.__________ (stop) students leaving the site.
The newly－come chef robot — complete with a white hat, a mask 21.__________ two knives — soon made a difference in South China Agricultural University.Huge 22.__________ (crowd) gathered to watch it perform, making knife－cut noodles at the canteen.
Feel confused about the term Actually, knife－cut noodles, also known 23.__________ Dao Xiao Mian, 24.__________ (be) a specialty of central China's Shanxi Province.Traditionally, Dao Xiao Mian is made by cutting a large block of noodle dough (生面团) at an angle and letting the 25.__________ (slice) pieces fall directly into a boiling pot of soup.The noodle－robot can 26.__________ (apparent) make 340 cuts per minute — guaranteeing the consistency of the noodles' 27.__________ (thick), China Daily reported.You can imagine 28.__________ delicious the noodles can be.
Student Zhang, from Shanxi Province, said the noodles appeared very popular, 29.__________ (add), “I feel this is not simply a bowl of noodles.It feels very interesting and very heartwarming.”
UNIT 3　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系，并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
1．选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“some people complain like this: Those tests are so stupid”可知，一些人认为通过个性测试来选择职业是不明智的。
2．选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the results are probably a lot more accurate than I'd like to admit”以及“I think it might have had some points that fit my personality”可知，作者认为该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。
3．选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The best choice is self－assessment.”可知，要想找到梦想的工作，只能通过自己；只有了解了自己，才能找到适合自己的工作。
4．选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，这名学生晕船严重，因而不适合这项工作。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找到工作的经历。
5．选A　根据上文“I'm sorry to tell you”可推知，对方是遗憾地告诉作者，他面试失败了。
6．选C　根据下文“before the interview”可推知，作者是在面试前花了几个小时准备。
7．选A　上文提到作者求职失败、很沮丧，由此可知，作者是想调整自己的求职方法。
8．选D　根据下文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此作者接到的是拒绝电话。
9．选C　根据下文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此对作者来说这是很不幸的。
10．选A　根据上文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，这份工作给别人了，因此没有得到工作的作者会感到失望。
11．选C　根据下文“Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly ________ my motivation for applying for the position.”可知，对方向作者解释了他们拒绝他的原因。
12．选B　根据上文“I hadn't clearly”和下文“my motivation for applying for the position”可推知，作者在面试中没有清楚地表达自己申请这个职位的动机，因此被拒了。
13．选A　根据上文“Then the representative explained that I hadn't clearly ________ my motivation for applying for the position.”可知，对方是直接指出了作者在面试中存在的问题，因此这种反馈会让人难以接受。
14．选B　根据下文“Since my top consideration had been to find a position, I wasn't very ______ about what I applied for.I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.”可知，作者对自己的求职思路和方法进行了反思。
15．选B　根据下文“I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.”可知，作者追求任何工作机会，只要它与自己的技能大致相符，因此是对自己申请的东西没有认真挑选。
16．选B　根据下文“only considered the ones that attracted me most”可知，作者变得只考虑最吸引自己的工作，因此是仔细评估每一份工作。
17．选C　根据下文“I got a great offer”可知，作者得到了一份很棒的工作，说明他的方法开始奏效了。
18．选D　根据下文“interviewees invest effort and in return, I will give them feedback”可知，面试者付出努力，作为回报，作为面试官的作者会给他们反馈，因此作者是把每一次面试都当作一次重要的交易。
19．选D　根据上文“without feedback”可推知，在没有反馈的情况下，面试者很可能会一次又一次地犯同样的错误。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华南农业大学推出的机器人刀削面厨师吸引了学生的关注，并获得了学生的好评。
20．to stop　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是have introduced，因此空处在句中作非谓语；又结合句意可知，引入机器人厨师是为了留住学生，空处表目的，故填to stop。
21．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“a white hat, a mask”和空后的“two knives”构成并列关系，故填and。
22．crowds　考查名词复数。crowd是可数名词，再结合语境“很多人聚在一起观看机器人厨师操作”可知，此处表示“人群”，需要用名词复数，故填crowds。
23．as　考查介词。be known as为固定搭配，意为“以……著称”，故填as。
24．are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句的主语是knife－cut noodles，为复数，故填are。
25．sliced　考查非谓语动词。空处修饰后面的名词 pieces，且slice与pieces为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填sliced。
26．apparently　考查副词。空处修饰后面的动词make，需要用副词，故填apparently。
27．thickness　考查名词。根据空前的“noodles'”可知，空处需要用名词，故填 thickness。
28．how　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句；再结合句意“你可以想象面条有多么美味”可知，空处是对delicious程度的修饰，故填how。
29．adding　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是said，因此空处在句中作非谓语，且与逻辑主语Student Zhang之间构成主谓关系，故填adding。

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